Mixture Problem

PETS Mandisha feeds her cat gourmet cat food that costs $1.75 per pound. She combines it with cheaper food that costs $0.50 per pound. How many pounds of cheaper food should Mandisha buy to go with 5 pounds of gourmet food, if she wants the average price to be $1.00 per pound?
Let w = the number of pounds of cheaper cat food. Make a table.

Mixture Problem

Write and solve an equation using the information in the table.

Price of gourmet cat food plus price of cheaper cat food equals price of mixed cat food.

8.75

0.5w

1.00(5 + w) Original equation Distributive Property Subtract 0.5w from each side. Simplify.

8.75 + 0.5w = 1.00(5 + w) 8.75 + 0.5w = 5 + 1w 8.75 + 0.5w 0.5w = 5 + 1w 0.5w 8.75 = 5 + 0.5w

Mixture Problem

8.75 5 = 5 + 0.5w 5
3.75 = 0.5w

Subtract 5 from each side. Simplify.

Divide each side by 0.5.

7.5 = w

Simplify.

Answer: Mandisha should buy 7.5 pounds of cheaper cat food to be mixed with the 5 pounds of gourmet cat food so that the average price is $1.00 per pound of cat food.

Cheryl bought 3 ounces of glass beads that cost $1.79 an ounce. The seed beads cost $0.99 an ounce. How many ounces of seed beads can she buy if she only wants the beads to be $1.29 an ounce for her craft project? A. 3.1 ounces B. 5 ounces C. 4.6 ounces D. 2 ounces

Percent Mixture Problem

AUTO MAINTENANCE A cars radiator should contain a solution of 50% antifreeze. Bae has 2 gallons of a 35% antifreeze. How many gallons of 100% antifreeze should Bae add to his solution to produce a solution of 50% antifreeze?
Let g = the number of gallons of 100% antifreeze to be added. Make a table.

Percent Mixture Problem

Write and solve an equation using the information in the table.

Amount of antifreeze in 35% solution plus amount of antifreeze in 100% solution equals amount of antifreeze in 50% solution.

0.35(2)

1.0(g)

0.50(2 + g)

0.35(2) + 1.0(g) = 0.50(2 + g) 0.70 + 1g = 1 + 0.50g

Original equation Distributive Property

0.70 + 1g 0.50g = 1 + 0.50g 0.50g Subtract 0.50g from each side.

Percent Mixture Problem

0.70 + 0.50g = 1 0.70 + 0.50g 0.70 = 1 0.70

0.50g = 0.30

Simplify. Subtract 0.70 from each side.

Simplify. Divide each side by 0.50.

g = 0.6

Simplify.

Answer: Bae should add 0.6 gallon of 100% antifreeze to produce a 50% solution.

A recipe calls for mixed nuts with 50% peanuts. pound of 15% peanuts has already been used.

How many pounds of 75% peanuts needs to be

added to obtain the required 50% mix?

A.
C.

lb lb

B.
D.

lb lb

Speed of One Vehicle

AIR TRAVEL Nita took a non-stop flight to visit her grandmother. The 750-mile trip took three hours and 45 minutes. Because of bad weather, the return trip took four hours and 45 minutes. What was her average speed for the round trip?
Understand We know that Nita did not travel the same amount of time on each portion of her trip. So, we will need to find the weighted average of the planes speed. We are asked to find the average speed for both portions of the trip.

Speed of One Vehicle

Plan

First, find the rate of the going portion, and then the return portion of the trip. Because the rate is in miles per hour, convert 3 hours and 45 minutes to 3.75 hours and 4 hours 45 minutes to 4.75 hours.
Going

Formula for rate

Speed of One Vehicle

Return
Formula for rate

Because we are looking for a weighted average, we cannot just average the speeds. We need to find the weighted average for the round trip.

Speed of One Vehicle

Solve

Substitution Simplify.

Speed of One Vehicle

Answer: The average speed was about 176 miles per hour. Check The solution of 176 miles per hour is between the going portion rate 200 miles per hour, and the return rate, 157.9 miles per hour. So, the answer is reasonable.

In the morning, when traffic is light, it takes 30 minutes to get to work. The trip is 15 miles through towns. In the afternoon, when traffic is a little heavier, it takes 45 minutes. What is the average speed for the round trip? A. 24 miles per hour

B. 30 miles per hour

C. 15 miles per hour

D. 45 miles per hour

Speeds of Two Vehicles

RESCUE A railroad switching operator has discovered that two trains are heading toward each other on the same track. Currently, the trains are 53 miles apart. One train is traveling at 75 miles per hour and the other 40 miles per hour. The faster train will require 5 miles to stop safely, and the slower train will require 3 miles to stop safely. About how many minutes does the operator have to warn the train engineers to stop their trains? Step 1 Draw a diagram.
53 miles apart Takes 5 miles to stop Takes 3 miles to stop

53 (5 + 3) = 45 miles

Speeds of Two Vehicles

Step 2 Let m = the number of hours that the operator has to warn the train engineers to stop their trains safely. Make a table.

Step 3 Write and solve an equation using the information in the table.
Distance traveled by fast train

plus

distance traveled by other train

equals

45 miles.

75m

40m

45

Speeds of Two Vehicles

75m + 40m = 45

Original equation

115m = 45

Simplify.
Divide each side by 115.

m 0.39
0.39 60 = 23.4

Round to the nearest hundredth.

Convert to minutes by multiplying by 60.

Answer: The operator has about 23 minutes to warn the engineers.

Two students left the school on their bicycles at the same time, one heading north and the other heading south. The student heading north travels 15 miles per hour, and the one heading south travels at 17 miles per hour. After about how many minutes will they be 7.5 miles apart? A. 17 minutes B. 15 minutes C. 14 minutes D. 30 minutes