CHAPTER 3 HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT

NAME________________________________________ Write the letter of the best answer in the space provided. ______ 1. The main elements of the cell include: A. cytoplasm. B. eukaryotes. C. prokaryotes. D. granulocytes. ______ 2. A. B. C. D. The basic structural unit of all plants and animals is the: DNA. cell. organelle. tissue.

______ 3. The membrane of a cell allows certain substances to pass from one side to another but does not allow others to pass. This means the cell membrane is: A. dissociate. B. anaerobic. C. semipermeable. D. filterizable. ______ 4. A. B. C. D. The thick fluid that fills a cell is called the: nucleus. endoplasm. ectoplasm. cytoplasm. The organelle that contains the genetic material, DNA, and nucleus. Golgi apparatus. endoplasmic reticulum. mitochondria. A high-energy compound present in all cells is: cytoplasm. adenosine triphosphate. lysosome. deoxyribonucleic acid.

______ 5. enzymes is the: A. B. C. D. ______ 6. A. B. C. D.

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7. A. B. C. D.

The seven major functions of cells include all of the following metabolic absorption. conductivity. maintenance of homeostasis. secretion.

______ 8. The tissue that lines internal and external body surfaces and protects the body is called: A. connective tissue. B. epithelial tissue. C. smooth tissue. D. muscle tissue. ______ 9. A. B. C. D. 10. A. B. C. D. 11. A. B. C. D. A group of tissues functioning together is called a(n): organ. organ system. multifunction tissue. tissue group. The type of muscle tissue found encircling blood vessels is: skeletal muscle. smooth muscle. connective muscle. cardiac muscle. The lymphatic system includes the: heart. kidneys. spleen. pituitary gland.

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______ 12. The sum of all the cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems of a living being is called a(n): A. body. B. organism. C. structure. D. animal. ______ 13. Building up and breaking down of biochemical substances to produce energy is called: A. homeostasis. B. physiology. C. metabolism. D. endocrine signaling.

______ 14. The body mechanisms working to reverse, or to compensate for, a pathophysiological process are known as a: A. negative feedback loop. B. positive feedback loop. C. pathological alteration. D. baroreceptor reflex mechanism. ______ 15. A. B. C. D. 16. A. B. C. D. 17. A. B. C. D. What percentage of an average adult's body is water? 80 percent 75 percent 70 percent 65 percent The fluid outside the body cells is called: intravascular fluid. interstitial fluid. extracellular fluid. intracellular fluid. Approximately 75 percent of all body water is: intracellular. interstitial. extracellular. intravascular.

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______ 18. The normal tension in a cell, or the resistance of the skin to deformation, is called: A. overhydration. B. turgor. C. peritonitis. D. hydration. ______ 19. A. B. C. D. 20. A. B. C. D. Dehydration may be caused by internal losses such as: burns, surgical drains, or open wounds. diaphoresis. bowel obstruction. hyperventilation. The chemical notation for sodium chloride is: H2CO3. Na+. Ca++. NaCl.

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21. A. B. C. D. 22. A. B. C. D. 23. A. B. C. D. 24. A. B. C. D.

A major element of the body's atoms is: calcium. nitrogen. potassium. sodium. Any charged atomic particle is called a(n): cation. ion. anion. electrolyte. An ion with a negative charge is called a(n): anion. cation. electrolyte. dissociate. The principal buffer of the body is: chloride. phosphate. bicarbonate. sodium.

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______ 25. The difference in concentration between solutions on opposite sides of a semipermeable membrane is called: A. the osmotic gradient. B. diffusion. C. osmosis. D. the facilitated balance. ______ 26. hypotonic, it: A. B. C. D. When a solution on one side of a semipermeable membrane is has a greater concentration of solute molecules. is equal in concentration of solute molecules. has a lesser concentration of solute molecules. will not move through the membrane.

______ 27. The pressure exerted by the concentration of solutes on one side of a membrane that, if hypertonic, tends to "pull" water from the other side of the membrane is called: A. hydrostatic pressure. B. osmotic pressure. C. oncotic force. D. net filtration.