FOCUS6

The Integrated Wind Turbine Design Suite

2012

FOCUS6 Project data is stored in relational data base Import project data from other projects Concurrent work on the same project Tracking of all design changes Parameterized design support Parameter variation for sensitivity studies Automated job handling User defined analyses scenarios Automatic turbine optimization features Multi processor and multi core processor support Parallel and grid computing 3rd party or in-house developed software can be integrated in the standard FOCUS user interface

FOCUS6
FOCUS6 is an integrated software suite to design wind turbines and components, like rotor blades. For more than a decade, FOCUS is being used by the international wind turbine industry to design, validate and optimize wind turbines.

FOCUS6

FOCUS6 provides a consistent user interface that integrates a number of wind turbine design tools and automatically manages the data and calculations. User can spend more time on doing their design and need not worry about data management.This results in a shorter turnaround time for the design process and less errors. FOCUS6 organizes design data into design projects. Design projects are stored in a central database. Multiple designer-engineers can work on the same project at the same time. All changes to project / data are tracked.

Main Features
Interactive 3D structural blade modelling Parametric models and optimization Structural and aeroelastic analyses Fatigue and strength analysis based on stress/strain time series Load set calculation according to international standards (IEC [2,3], GL [2003,2010], DNV). Results are accepted for certification Report generation including fatigue equivalent load report, extremes report and markov matrix. Project based data management using central database Multi-user environment and tracking of all design changes User friendly interface that seamlessly integrates tools, including in-house software from end-users Graphical analysis of results Multi-processor and multi-core-processor support Proven track record; world wide used by main players in industry

Rotor Pre-Design B.E.M. or Vortex Wake Power curves and annual energy production Eigenmodes and eigenfrequencies Graphical mode shape viewer visualizes the mode shapes for easier analysis Divergence speed One per rev shape and damping of the rotor blades Quick design optimization to avoid undesired frequencies of blade and rotor Noise Emission Calculates Sound Power Level (PWL) and Overall Wind Turbine Sound Power Level (Overall PWL) Trailing edge and inflow noise sources Trailing edge noise from model of Brooks, Pope and Marcolini Inflow noise from model of Amiet and Lowson Output in Power Watt Levels (PWL) and Overall PWL (OAPWL) per element including radial distribution of noise sources Breakdown of noise source types Data averaged over 1/3 octave bands to illustrate spectral content of noise Weighted and non-weighted results available

Aeroelasticity I, Rotor Pre-Design

For the aeroelastic pre-design of rotor blades a dedicated module is available. With this module the aeroelastic performance of rotor blades can be determined without the need for a full turbine model or a detailed blade design. This makes it easy to scale up / down an existing blade design and modify it to become the basis for a new blade design. The Aeroelasticity I module can compute: Quasy-steady rotor characteristics Quasy-steady rotor loads (thrust, torque, blade root bending moment) Eigenmodes and frequencies (including dimensionless aerodynamic damping, direction of the root bending moment, direction of the tip-vibration, amplitude and angle of tip torsional moment) Once per rev varying shape and damping of the rotor blades (including span, flap-wise amplitude of the mode, lag-wise amplitude of the mode, torsional deformation of the mode, blade chard length , aerodynamic damping of the local section) The Aeroelasticity I module can use either B.E.M. or Vortex Wake model as the basis for calculations. The models include torsional deformation and transverse shear flexibility and many aerodynamic and structural dynamic coupling terms for bending and torsion dynamics.

Rotor Pre-Design

Noise Emission
The noise emission module (requires Aeroelasticity I module) calculates the sound power level of the wind turbine blades and sums it to the overall wind turbine sound power level. For every blade element, trailing edge and inflow noise sources are considered. The trailing edge noise source is calculated from the model of Brooks, Pope and Marcolini. Inflow noise is due to the turbulence in the oncoming flow, interacting with the blade. It is calculated from the model of Amiet and Lowson. The noise sources are (acoustically) summed over the elements in order to obtain the total blade and turbine sound power level. The output comes in the form of Power Watt Levels (PWL). The Overall PWL (OAPWL) is specified per element to give an overview of the radial distribution of the noise sources. A breakdown is given of the noise source types.

 Aeroelasticity II, Wind Turbine Design Turbine simulations Load case generation (IEC With the Aeroelasticity II, Wind Turbine Design module the calculation of comed. 2 with GL-2003 supplebined aerodynamic and structural dynamic behaviour of a wind turbine in the ments or IEC ed. 3) time domain is available. Extreme load analyses Modal analysis of tower The rotor aerodynamics are solved on basis of the engineering BEM theory of Performance coefficients which the sub-models for tip-loss, tangential induction, blade-tower interaction, Power curves and annual oblique inflow effects and rotational effects are combined on a physical basis. energy production Detailed aerodynamic The build-in tower model gives a detailed and well-validated dynamic reinformation at specified sponse of the tower including all mutual interactions with the turbine model up blade stations to the aerodynamics of the rotor. Alternatively, an external tower model can be Peak value and level linked using the Craig-Bampton method. crossing analysis Detailed simulations of A built-in PD controller is provided that includes rotor speed filtering and peakperformance and loading shaving strategy. In addition, dedicated controllers using the Bladed interface for all turbine states. or the ECN Control Design Tool interface can be used (DLL). Blade and tower deflections and yaw motion Nacelle accelerations Blade pitch, controller and transducer signals Forces and moments at 0 Forces and moments at specified blade and tower stations Forces and moments at the hub and yaw bearing Shaft loads Rotational speeds at rotor and generator Mechanical and electrical losses 2D Graphs of time series Rain flow counting and Markov matrix export Equivalent fatigue load Load cases for IEC or GL load set calculations can be generated automaticalculation and (automatcally. For this purpose models are available to simulate faulted conditions and ic) reporting emergency situations. The results are accepted for certification by GL and DNV. Blades BEM theory In order to reduce the total turnaround time of load set calculations, load cases Oblique inflow included in can be calculated in parallel on (multiple) computers with multi-core procestip loss factor expression sors. Full or partial span pitch Blade pre-bending This module also includes functionality to generate waves and streams for use Blade dynamics flap and in offshore related projects. lead bending, torsion Blade dynamics tensiontorsion coupling, bendingtorsion coupling Geometrical non-linear blade deflections Iced blades

 Structural blade design Interactive 3D blade modeler Blade model including detailed lay-up Isotropic, orthotropic and core materials User defined fatigue formulations Geometric model using cross section shapes Automated FE meshing FEM export Import load time series from external programs Parametric blade design Stress/strain based extreme and fatigue analyses Panel and cross section based buckling analysis Coupled and uncoupled eigenmodes and eigenfrequencies 3D visualisation of results (strains, stresses, reserve factors, etc) 2D plotting of structural data and analysis results Export data to ASCII files. Calculation of mass distribution per material Static reserve factors per material Deflection calculation Rain flow counting and Markov matrix export for load time series and stresses or strains Equivalent fatigue load calculation

Structural Blade Design

FOCUS6 includes the unique 3D Structural Blade Modeller, that allows users to interactively model rotor blades in detail. While defining the blade stepby-step, the interactive 3D visualization gives direct feedback of the design changes.

3D Interactive Blade Modeller A blade definition is made by putting profiles in 3D space, defining lines and materials and finally specifying between which lines and profiles the section of material needs to be placed. Material properties include layer thicknesses and SN-Line formulation, with material specific constants like UTS, UCS. This makes it possible to model and use actual material properties in your calculations. The final blade model is the input for turbine simulation. Blade data can be viewed and exported both graphically and numerically. This includes export as a thick shell element mesh, with full layup data, for analyses with FOCUS FEM, Nastran and Ansys and export to CAD/CAE using STEP or IGES.

Structural Analyses
After automatically or manually creating loads, or importing loads from Flex 4/5 or Bladed, the following structural analyses calculations using an advanced beam model approach can be performed: Strain and stress based static strength evaluation Fatigue analyses based on time series Panel and cross section based buckling analyses Modal analyses Tip deflection calculations

Structural analyses

FOCUS FEM for blade design

Rotor Tilt and cone angles 2 and 3 blades Upwind / downwind Mass imbalance Wind 3-Dimensional, 3-component turbulence models Various turbulence spectra and coherence models Transients in wind speed, direction, and shear as specified in the design standards Wind shear (bi-linear, exponential, or logarithmic model) Tower shadow, upwind and downwind Waves Linear and non-linear waves Control Fixed or variable speed Built in PD controllers with gain scheduling and peak shaving External controller API (DLL; Bladed and ECN CDT) Passive or controlled pitch motion Collective pitch Parked, idling, start-up, shutdown and power production simulations WMC FEM For certification of a blade it is necessary to perform static analyses on the blade using Puck failure criteria. For this purpose the FOCUS FEM module is available. The FOCUS FEM provides a composite thick shell finite element that supports tapered layers. The FOCUS FEM module provides the following functionalities: Static structural analyses Includes Puck criterion Composite thick shell elements Full layup (individual plies) RBE3 elements for load introduction

FOCUS FEM for substructure design (under development)

The upcoming FOCUS FEM for (offshore) support structures will contain an interactive substructure modeller to allow creation of custom substructure designs, like jacket structures. The main features are: Beam elements Members can be filled with water Export of Craig-Bampton matrices Export of modal shapes Time series of member forces

Substructure modeller


Knowledge Centre

Wind turbine Materials and Constructions

WMC

Rotor Pre-Design B.E.M. or Vortex Wake Power curves and annual energy production Eigenmodes and eigenfrequencies Graphical mode shape viewer visualizes the mode shapes for easier analysis Divergence speed One per rev shape and damping of the rotor blades Quick design optimization to avoid undesired frequencies of blade and rotor Generator & Electrical Variable speed and variable slip model Generator characteristics from table Synchronous / asynchronous operation Drive train Stiff or torsionally flexible shafts and gearbox support Geared and direct drive Gearbox damping Tower & Nacelle Tower dynamics, fore-aft, side to side and torsion Yaw dynamics Foundation flexibility Wind loading, including aeroelastic feedback Wave and current loading, including hydrodynamic drag and inertia effects Craig-Bampton method interface to dynamics of FEM model of tower Guy wires Aerodynamic drag for tubular or lattice tower

FOCUS6 program options:

Structural Blade design Aeroelasticity I, Rotor pre-design Aeroelasticity II, Turbine design FEM for blade design Noise Emission (requires Aeroelasticity I) Bladed 4 interface for export of blade data and import of load sets FEM Mesh Export for Blade Design Queue Manager

Options under development:

Aero-Module with BEM, AWSM (non-linear lifting line vortex wake theory) Controller design toolkit (CDT) integration Earthquake loads Export to CAD/CAE with plybook for mould or draping FEM for support structures Substructure modeller Modular Aero II with supervisory control, plugin support for supplier specific turbine component models Load case pre-processor for offshore load sets

Recommended computer system:

Processor: Dual Core 2.2 GHz or better Memory: +4 GB Hard disk: 500 GB - 7200 rpm Graphics card: 128 MB with OpenGL 3D support Operating system:Windows 7 (64 bit to support +4 GB RAM) Database: PostgreSQL 8.3 (included) For a multi-user environment it is recommended to install the database on a separate server (Windows or Linux).

Contact information: Knowledge Centre WMC P.O. Box 43 1770 AA Wieringerwerf The Netherlands Phone: Fax: Internet: E-mail : +31-(0)227-50 49 49 +31-(0)227-50 49 48 www.wmc.eu info@wmc.eu