CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION 2. DESCRIPTION 3. BLOCK DIAGRAM 4. COMPONENTS LIST 5. SOFTWARES USED 6. ADVANTAGES 7. DISADVANTAGES 8. APPLICATIONS

1. INTRODUCTION
Green energy includes solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy, hydro etc, which is widely used and developed in recent years. Especially, Taiwan, which possesses subtropical climate, is very suitable for the development of solar energy system. The application of solar energy is more universal in daily now. In general, the solar power generation and solar illumination system are more popular for people. With regard to solar illumination system, which can be built while combined the charger and converter structure. It can charge the battery during the day, while lighting the LED module at night. In recent year, many charge methods have been widely used and discussed. For example constant current charging, constant voltage charging and reflex charging, etc. Reflex charging needs large input power, constant current charging is easily overcharge and constant voltage charging is unable to determine the charge current during initial charge stage. So there are still some disadvantages and insufficient while use unique charge method. In other sides, common linear dimming methods include constant voltage dimming scheme and constant current dimming scheme.

2. DESCRIPTION
In this project solar energy is used to charge the battery. Sometimes solar panel will not provide enough voltage to charge battery due to insufficient sun light. So here a Buck Boost circuit is used to boost the voltage to required level. A bulb or LED will be connected to battery as a load, the battery supply is given to LED through another Buck Boost so that if battery voltage reduces the intensity of light remains still due to constant voltage supplied by boost circuit.

3. BLOCK DIAGRAM

SOLAR PANEL

VOLTAGE DIVIDER

BUCK BOOST

VOLTAGE DIVIDER

CONTROLLER

BATTERY RELAY

BUCK BOOST

LED

Fig.1 Block diagram

In figure it shows solar panel is used to convert solar energy into voltage. Voltage generated at panel output will depend on the intensity of solar light. As the solar light is unpredictable so the output at solar panel will vary. With this variation it is not possible to charge the battery so the output of panel is fed to Buck Boost block where this block will supply constant required voltage to battery. A load (LED) is driven by the battery through Buck Boost circuit. So that if battery voltage reduces but the supply to the LED remains same. If the panel voltage reduces in such a way that indicating that it is too dark than the LED will turn ON where it is turned ON by activating relay by controller. As we need to measure voltage which is normally higher than 5V this will be not tolerated by controller when ADC input are fed so voltage dividers are used where this block will divide the voltage by 10 and which will be sufficient to measure voltage.

4. COMPONENTS LIST
PIC18F458 Buck Boost Baterry-12V Voltage divider Power Supply Solar Panel ALCD

5. SOFTWARES USED

MPLAB PICkit-Microchip ORCAD

6. ADVANTAGES
Solar energy is used which is freely available Due voltage regulation by buck boost constant supply voltage is obtained Low cost

7. DISADVANTAGES
Current ratings will be lower

8. APPLICATIONS
Used in vehicles Used in street lights Used in traffic lights