NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY(NUST), H-12, ISLAMABAD.

PAKISTAN

PHYSICS 101 LAB

GROUP: B7 MEMBERS: Hassan Bin Zahid, Ahsun Ali, Raees Khan PROGRAM: BE. Material Engineering (MtE-05) SUBJECT:
Physics 101

DUE DATE: 1st / October / 2012

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ERROR ANALYSIS
ABSTRACT:
The object of a quantitative physical experiment was to measure some quantity either directly or indirectly. No physical measurement is ever exact. The accuracy is always limited by the apparatus used and by the skill of the observer. Hence the numerical measurement of a physical quantity must include the error associated with the measurement. An error that tends to make a reading too high is called a positive error and one that makes it too low a negative error. Systematic error - an error of constant magnitude and sign. Random error - positive and negative errors are equally feasible.

EXCERSISE 1:
APPARATUS:
Meter rod / Measuring tape

PROCEDURE:
Before measuring the dimensions of the table, we took the least count of the measuring tape. We also looked for any other visible fault in the tape, but didnt find any. One of the group members held one end of the tape at the edge of the table, while the other took the measurements. We started from one end on the table, then the central region and then the other end. The readings were dually noted and then compiled in a tabular form.

DATA ANALYSIS:
FORMULAS:
Area = Length x Width Perimeter = 2(Length + Width) Mean

xi x
i 1

Standard Deviation =

N 1

Standard Error = S.E

Precision

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OBSERVATIONS AND CALCULATTIONS:

(Table 1) LENGHT(cm) WIDTH(cm) 151.5 90.2 152.4 90.8 151.6 90.4 151.6 90.2 152.4 90.8 151.4 90.2 151.6 90.8 151.7 90.2 152.4 90.5 Now to calculate the error in the above measured values we take the precision or relative uncertainty by using the formula: Precision

by using the above formula we calculate the error of the first values of length and width Precision or relative error (length)

= 0.13% Precision or relative error (width)

= 0.22% Similarly using the above method we calculate the precision/relative error for each value (Table 2) OBSERVATION Length(cm): 151.5 152.4 151.6 151.6 152.4 151.4 151.6 151.5 152.4 Width(cm): 90.2 90.8 90.4 90.2 90.8 90.2 90.8 90.2 90.5 PRECISION/RELATIVE ERROR 0.1320% 0.1321% 0.1319% 0.1319% 0.1312% 0.1321% 0.1319% 0.1320% 0.1312% 0.221% 0.220% 0.221% 0.221% 0.220% 0.221% 0.220% 0.221% 0.220%

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