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Recapp:

Hadith of gabrielle Gabrielle asked Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) 3 things about Islam: 1. Islam a. Submission (outward) 2. Iman a. Faith (inward) 3. Ihsan a. Excellence

Islam Five Pillars o Declaration of Faith (Shahada) o Prayer (Salat) o Charity (Zakat) o Fasting (Saum) o Pilgrimage (Hajj)

1. Declaration of Faith o Taking an oath o That oath obliges you to speak the truth o Youre willing to say it out loud o Takes courage, especially when you have to testifying against someone close o Taking a stand regarding your Islam o More than just believing something; you have to actually declare it o There is nothing worthy of worship except Allah Or Theres no diety except Allah Or There is no god except God. In Arabic, La illahah ilallah Theres nothing that should be worshipped except Allah

And Mohammad, peace be upon him, is His Messenger In Arabic Wa ashadu anna Mohamaddan (sullulahi-walahi-wasalam) rasullulah Oh Allah, give him salat (prayer) and salam (peace) This is a prayer for Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) Can also be used for other Prophets as well. Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said that whoever says the shahada has opened the doors to Paradise. The explanation is: Whoever says that, believing in those things and the way they were meant to be believed. Bearing witness is the way to enter Paradise What about those whove never heard about Islam? BIG scholarly debate. Who knows? We know that Allah is merciful and just and wont punish people for which they have no knowledge. Then those who hear the message of Islam and understand it and reject it: If they die that way, they head to hell Then those who believe but do not bear witness: They believe inwardly, but dont say it Also scholarly debate. Up to Allah.

2. Prayer Established in 12th year of Prophethood, the year before he made hijra Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) ascended to heaven to meet Allah We actually give charity with salat i. We take time out of our work and day ii. Were sacrificing time, sometimes money Were also fasting i. Cant eat or drink Were also in a pilgrimage i. Were facing Mecca Hence why Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) said prayer is the tentpole of the religion Whoever has left the prayer, has left the faith i. Abandoning the prayer entirely ii. Used to be considered very close to apostasy iii. Difference between not praying out of laziness, and not ever wanting to pray iv. Not praying out of laziness does not take someone Comes from sidah, meaning connection Whoever misses Asr (misses its time) its as if they have lost their entire family and all of their money Need to be properly dressed, know the time, know the direction Shows you are willing to do whatever you are doing to pray There is a window of time to pray between the prayers (i.e. Dhuhr starts at 1:35 and goes until Asr starts) That said, the best thing to do is pray at the beginning of their times People have different calculation methods, hence the differences

i. Especially places that are high north (no true night) ii. Usually Fajr and Isha Fajr starts when the suns light begins breaking the night, and ends when the sun breaks the horizon Dhuhr starts just after the sun reaches its zenith (the point when the sun is highest in the sky) i. Look at your shadow; when your shadow goes from going short and starts getting long ii. Ends when the sun is at a position where the persons shadow is equal to their heightAsr starts Asr ends when the sun dips beneath the horizonMaghrib starts Maghrib ends when there is no red left in the skyIsha starts Better to wait to pray Isha when the sky is totally black Isha stays until Fajr Q: Can you pray sitting down if necessary? i. Yes, you can sit down and lean for prayer if standing is difficult. Q: If you dont pray on time, then it doesnt count so dont do it. Is this true? i. You still have to make it up and it still counts ii. Theres a difference between someone who doesnt do a prayer on time and someone who doesnt want to do a prayer on time iii. i.e. saving someone, fighting, sleeping, in charge of someones health Q: If youre at work and prayer times come when you cant pray, what do you do? i. This is a situation where youre allowed to delay prayer, if its absolutely necessary