Unit 3 Transportation of Hazardous Material: Objectives

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UNIT 3 Transportation of Hazardous Material 61
Unit 3 Notes
__________________
__________________
Transportation of Hazardous __________________
Material __________________
__________________
__________________
Objectives __________________
__________________
After reading this unit, you will be able to:
__________________
y Define Dangerous goods/Hazardous Materials
__________________
y Understand requirments for Carriage of Hagardeous Material by
Air
y Classify dangerious goods
y Establish Training Programmes
y Understand cancellation/suspension of Licence, Certificate and
Approval
"Dangerous goods" or "Hazardous Material" means articles

or substances which are capable of posing a risk to health,
safety, property or the environment and which are listed as
such in the Technical Instructions or which are classified
according to the Technical Instructions. The above
mentioned Technical Instructions known as "Technical
Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by
Air" are in the form of an ICAO document (ICAO Doc 9284)
issued by ICAO and is available for sale at ICAO and at their
authorised dealers.
A number of aircraft accidents and many cases of explosions

are caused as a result of carriage of certain dangerous or
prohibited articles inside the aircraft which are referred as
`Hazardous cargo by International Civil Aviation
Organisation.
Often passengers deliberately or unknowingly carry such

dangerous articles due to which there is a possibility of fire
or explosion during the flight. Sometimes such objects are
carried through cargo or through unaccompanied baggage.
Some such dangerous goods that we are familiar with are

petrol, kerosene, bottles of acid, cooking gas, fire crackers
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Notes etc. However even many innocent looking objects like

__________________ domestic cleaning liquid, cans of aerosol, various organic
__________________ liquids, a bundle of match boxes, cigarette lighters, paints
__________________ etc. can also be quite harmful at times and therefore have
__________________ been categorized as restricted articles and should be carried
on board the flight under special precautions. So much so
__________________
that even a simple kitchen item like Copra (Dried Coconut)
__________________
is restricted due to its high oil content.
__________________
__________________ The hazardous material that have been forbidden in carry-
__________________
on and checked baggage on board the commercial aircraft
have been categorised in different classes as given below;
__________________
HAZARD CLASS COMMON ITEMS**
Explosives Fireworks, loose ammunitions, flares, gun powder

loaded firearms
Gas or vapour Aerosols containing flammable material under

pressure (e.g. hair sprays and paints), CO cartridges,
medical oxygen, butane fuel, Chemical Mace, tear
gas, scuba tanks, propane tanks, self-inflating rafts.
Flammable liquids Flammable paints and related material, solid

perfumes, gasoline, safety or "strike-any where"
Matches, some cleaning solvents.
Oxidisers Bleach, nitric acid, fertilizers, swimming pool and

spa chemicals.
Poisons Weed killers, pesticides, rat poisons.
Infectious Material Bacterial cultures, viral organism, medical

laboratory specimens.
Corrosives Drain cleaners, wet-type batteries, acids lye
Organic Peroxides Fibreglass resins.
Radioactive Material Smoke detectors, radioactive-labelled materials &

pharmaceuticals.
Magnetized Materials Magnets as in some loudspeakers and laboratory

equipments.
Other hazardous Dry ice, mercury, any equipment material containing

Materials fuel.
(There are certain exceptions for personal care medical needs sporting
equipment and items to support physically challenged travellers.)
** Source Hazardous Materials Advisory Council and

the US Federal Aviation Administration.
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There are hundreds of cases of aircraft accidents, which were Notes
primarily caused due to dangerous articles. For example, a __________________
B727 aircraft was flying at 35,000 feet with 68 passengers on __________________
board. The flight attendants suddenly smelled a burning __________________
odour and some smoke at the rear side of the passenger __________________
cabin. One airhostess went with the fire extinguisher and
__________________
found that the flames were emerging from a passenger
__________________
baggage kept below his seat. With great difficulty the fire
__________________
could be controlled which had already spread all around by
that time. The pilot informed Air Traffic control and made __________________
an emergency landing at the airport. Fortunately there was __________________

no injury to any passenger. However the aircraft had __________________
suffered significant fire damage in and around the area of
fire.
During investigation it was found that the fire has emerged

from the handbag of a passenger that contained a book of
matchboxes which ignited due to friction and vibration due
to presence of a container of hair spray perfume and other
miscellaneous items that were found to be highly inflammable
during tests.
In another accident a Pan Am B707 cargo aircraft crashed

during emergency landing at Boston in December 1973
killing all the three crew members who were the only
occupants of the aircraft. Investigations revealed that
incorrectly packed nitric acid had spilled reacted with the
sawdust packing and the resultant toxic fumes affected the
crew performance. The accident was attributed to carriage
of dangerous goods.
Similarly in case of another cargo flight in Canada the crew

smelled a strong nauseating odour twenty minutes after
departure. The crew members decided to return and make
an emergency landing after wearing protective oxygen
masks. On ground the officials found a 10-litre container of
Ethyl Mercaptan a chemical used for mixing with cooking
gas for making it smelly (Normally the cooking gases which
consist of Butane and Propane is odourless however it is
made odoury by artificial means so as to make its presence
felt during leakage to prevent kitchen accidents). The
material (Ethyl Marcaptan) had leaked and had been
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Notes absorbed by the packing in the outer container. Thus a near

__________________ mishap was averted.
__________________
On 12 April 89 a powerful blast damaged some portion of the
__________________
airport building at Calcutta International Airport. The
__________________ explosion occurred a few minutes before the Calcutta-Mumbai
__________________ (Bombay) flight was to take-off. The investigating officer
__________________ located the source of explosion in a package brought by a
__________________ private courier service from Vishakhapatnam that was to be
__________________ dispatched to Mumbai for its final destination to Cochin
__________________
(Kerala). Had the package containing explosive materials not
exploded while it was in the airport lounge it would have
__________________
been loaded on to the Calcutta-Mumbai (Bombay) flight.
Under those circumstances there was every possibility of it
exploding in the aircraft after it had taken off leading to
disastrous consequences) as nearly 230 passengers were to
travel by that flight.
Investigation revealed that the explosive material, locally

known as "rocket parachute", normally used by fisherman as
a danger signal in case of an emergency at the mid sea. It is
likely that the parcel might not have been intended for the
sabotage (perhaps it was meant for the genuine need of a
local fisherman) however the danger involved in such a risky
transportation was easily evident.
As a matter of fact International Civil Aviation Organisation

has issued ICAO Annex-18 to the Convention on
International Civil Aviation (The Safe Transport of Dangerous
Goods by Air) containing Standards and Recommended
Practices for the Transportation of Dangerous Goods by Air.
All contracting States are required to follow these
instructions, which in turn would result into carriage of
dangerous goods in a safe and secured manner that will not
pose any danger to passengers, aircraft and the crew.
Govt. of India has also formulated rules for carriage of

Hazardous material vide "The Aircraft (Carriage of
Dangerous Goods) Rules, 2003". The relevant extracts from
these rules are given below.
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Requirements for carriage of Hazardous Material by Air Notes
__________________
Carriage of dangerous goods by Air __________________
l Every Operator (a person, organisation or enterprise __________________

engaged in or offering to engage in an aircraft operation) __________________
is required to be certified by the DGCA to carry the __________________
dangerous goods. __________________
l These dangerous goods will be required to be carried in __________________

accordance with the requirements specified in the __________________
Technical Instructions issued by the International Civil __________________
Aviation Organisation (ICAO Doc 9284); __________________
l A permission in writing is required to be granted by the

Central Government for carriage of explosives and
radioactive material.
l In the event of an extreme emergency such as national

or international crisis or natural calamities or otherwise
necessitating transportation by air of such goods and
full compliance with the requirements specified in the
Technical Instructions may adversely affect the public
interest, exemption may be granted for such carriage
by DGCA/ Central Government.
l The articles and substances classified as dangerous

goods but otherwise required to be on board the aircraft
in accordance with the pertinent airworthiness
requirements and the operating regulations, or for
specialised purposes are also exempted
l It is the duty of the shipper, the operator and every

person concerned with packing, marking, labelling,
acceptance, handling, loading, unloading, storage,
transportation or any other process connected directly
or indirectly with carriage of such dangerous goods, to
take all precautions to avoid danger to the aircraft or to
the persons on board or to any other person or property.
Custody of unauthorized Dangerous Goods

l In case of requirement, the Government may cause the
dangerous goods in question to be placed under his
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Notes custody pending detailed examination of the nature of

__________________ the goods or pending a decision regarding the action, if
__________________ any, to be taken in the matter.
__________________
Classification of Dangerous goods
__________________
__________________ l The dangerous goods shall be classified in accordance
__________________ with the provisions of the Technical Instructions.
__________________
Packing
__________________
__________________ l Dangerous goods will be required to be packed in
accordance with the requirements specified in the
__________________
Technical Instructions
l It shall be ensured that no harmful quantity of a

dangerous substance adheres to the outside of the
packagings.
l Packagings shall be of good quality and shall be

constructed and securely closed so as to prevent leakage
which might be caused in normal conditions of transport
by changes in temperature, humidity or pressure, or by
vibration.
l The packagings shall be suitable for the contents and

the packagings in direct contact with dangerous goods
shall be resistant to any chemical or other action of such
goods. The Packagings shall be tested, should meet the
material and construction specifications there should
not be any leakage
l No packaging used for the transport of the dangerous

goods shall be re-used unless inspected and found free
from corrosion or other damage
l Provided that where it is not possible to properly clean

a packaging already used for the transport of dangerous
goods, then such an uncleaned empty packaging shall
be transported by air following the same procedure as
laid down for the transport of the dangerous goods for
which such packagings has been used earlier.
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Labelling & Marking Notes
__________________
l The dangerous goods are required to be labelled and
__________________
marked in accordance with the requirements specified
__________________
in the Technical Instructions. It should be marked with
the proper shipping name of its contents and, when __________________
assigned, the UN number (Four-digit number assigned __________________

by the United Nations Committee of Experts on the __________________
Transport of Dangerous Goods to identify a substance __________________
or a particular group of substances) and such other __________________
markings as may be specified in those Instructions. For
__________________
marking, the languages of the State of origin and English
__________________
shall also be used.
Shipper's responsibilities
l No shipper or his agent shall offer any package or
overpack (An enclosure used by a single shipper to
contain one or more packages and to form one handling
unit for convenience of handling and stowage) of
dangerous goods for transport by air unless he has
ensured that such dangerous goods are not forbidden
for transport by air and are properly classified, packed,
marked and labelled in accordance with the
requirements specified in the Technical Instructions.
He must also complete, sign and provided to the
operator a dangerous goods transport document, as
specified in the Technical Instructions.
Operator's Responsibilities
l The operator shall accept dangerous goods for transport
by air, subject to duly certified, labelled, marked, as per
the Technical Instructions
l The package, overpack or freight container containing

the dangerous goods should be inspected for evidence
of leakage or damage before loading.
l A unit load device (any type of freight container, aircraft

container or aircraft pallet with a net, but excluding an
overpack, designed for loading on an aircraft) shall not
be loaded aboard an aircraft unless the device has been
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Notes inspected and found free from any evidence of leakage

__________________ from, or damage to, any dangerous goods contained
__________________ therein.
__________________
l Where any package of dangerous goods loaded on an
__________________ aircraft appears to be damaged or leaking, the operator
__________________ shall remove such package from the aircraft, or arrange
__________________ for its removal by an appropriate authority or
__________________ organisation, as the case may be, and thereafter shall
__________________ ensure that the remainder of the consignment is in a
__________________
proper condition for transport by air and that no other
package has been contaminated.
__________________
l If evidence of any damage or leakage upon unloading
from the aircraft or unit load device and if evidence of
damage or leakage is found, the area where the
dangerous goods or unit load device were stowed on the
aircraft shall be inspected for damage or contamination.
l Dangerous goods should not be carried in an aircraft

cabin occupied by passengers or on the flight deck of an
aircraft.
l Any hazardous contamination found on an aircraft as a

result of leakage or damage to dangerous goods shall be
removed without delay.
l An aircraft which has been contaminated by radioactive

materials shall immediately be taken out of service and
not returned to service until the radiation level at any
accessible surface and the non-fixed contamination are
not more than the values specified in the Technical
Instructions.
l Packages containing dangerous goods which might react

dangerously with one another shall not be stowed on an
aircraft next to each other or in a position that would
allow interaction between them in the event of leakage.
l Packages of toxic and infectious substances shall be

stowed on an aircraft in accordance with the
requirements specified in the Technical Instructions.
l Packages of radioactive materials shall be stowed on an

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aircraft so that they are separated from persons, live Notes
animals and undeveloped film, in accordance with the __________________
requirements specified in the Technical Instructions. __________________
__________________
l When dangerous goods are loaded in an aircraft, the
operator shall protect the dangerous goods from being __________________
damaged, and shall secure such goods in the aircraft in __________________

such a manner that will prevent any movement in flight __________________
which would change the orientation of the packages. For __________________
packages containing radioactive materials, the securing __________________
shall be adequate to ensure that the separation __________________
requirements at all times.
__________________
l Except as otherwise provided in the Technical
Instructions, packages of dangerous goods bearing the
"Cargo aircraft only" label shall be loaded in such a
manner that a crew member or other authorised person
can see, handle and, where size and weight permit,
separate such packages from other cargo in flight.
Provision of Information
l The operator shall provide information in writing to the
pilot-in-command about the dangerous goods before
departure of the aircraft.
l The operator shall provide such information in the

Operations Manual so as to enable the flight crew
member to carry out their responsibilities with regard
to the transport of dangerous goods and shall also
provide instructions as to the action to be taken in the
event of emergencies arising involving dangerous goods.
l Operators shall ensure that information is promulgated

in such a manner that passengers are warned as to the
types of goods which they are forbidden from
transporting aboard an aircraft as provided in the
Technical Instructions.
l Operators, shippers or other organisations involved in

the transport of dangerous goods by air shall provide
such information to their personnel so as to enable them
to carry out their responsibilities with regard to the
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Notes transport of dangerous goods and shall also provide

__________________ instructions as to the action to be taken in the event of
__________________ emergencies arising involving dangerous goods.
__________________
l If an in-flight emergency occurs, the pilot-in-command
__________________ shall, as soon as the situation permits, inform the
__________________ appropriate air traffic services unit, for the information
__________________ of aerodrome authorities, of any dangerous goods on
__________________ board the aircraft, as provided in the Technical
__________________ Instructions.
__________________ l In the event of an aircraft accident or a serious incident
__________________ where dangerous goods carried as cargo are involved,
the operator of the aircraft shall provide information,
without delay, to the emergency services responding to
the accident or serious incident, and, as soon as possible,
to the appropriate authorities of the State of the operator
and the State in which the accident or serious incident
occurred, about the dangerous goods on board, as shown
on the written information to the pilot-in-command.
l In the event of an aircraft incident, the operator of an

aircraft carrying dangerous goods as cargo shall, upon
request, provide information, without delay, to the
emergency services responding to the incident and also
to the appropriate authority of the State in which the
incident occurred, about the dangerous goods on board,
as shown on the written information to the pilot-in
command.
Inspection
l The officials of DGCA, or Government may, at any
reasonable time, are authorized to enter any place to
which access is necessary and inspect any services,
equipment, documents and records.
Dangerous Goods Accidents and Incidents

In the event of a dangerous goods accident or dangerous
goods incident, as the case may be, the pilot-in-command of
the aircraft and the operator of the aircraft or of the
aerodrome, as the case may be, shall submit a report in
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writing to the Director General on such accident or incident. Notes
The report shall, in addition to any other relevant __________________
information, contain the following information, namely: - __________________
__________________
l the type, nationality and registration marks of aircraft;
__________________
l the name of the owner, operator and hirer of the aircraft; __________________
l the name of the pilot-in-command of the aircraft; __________________

__________________
l the nature and purpose of the flight;
__________________
l the date and time of the dangerous goods accident or __________________
incident; __________________
l the place where the accident occurred:
l the last point of departure and the next point of intended

landing of the aircraft;
l the details of the dangerous goods on board the aircraft

viz. their proper shipping name, UN number, quantity
etc.
l the known cause of the dangerous goods accident or

incident;
l details of other cargo on board the aircraft;
l the extent of known damage to the aircraft, other

property and persons on board the aircraft;
l any other information required to be included by the

Director-General.
l On receipt of such report, the DGCA may, if considered

necessary, order an investigation to determine the
causes of such accident or incident and take preventive
measures to avoid re-occurrence of such accident or
incident.
Establishment of Training Programmes -

l All persons engaged in any manner in the transport of
dangerous goods like shippers, operators, ground
handling agencies, freight forwarders, security agencies
etc. shall undergo proper training in accordance with
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Notes the Technical Instructions.

__________________
l Training shall be provided in the requirements
__________________
commensurate with the responsibilities of the personnel
__________________
being trained and such training shall include, general
__________________ familiarization training, function, safety training.
__________________
l Training shall be provided or verified upon the
__________________
employment of a person in a position involving the
__________________
transport of dangerous goods by air and recurrent
__________________
training shall take place within twenty-four months of
__________________ previous training to ensure knowledge is current.
__________________
l The training programmes established and maintained
by or on behalf of operators shall be subjected to review
and approval by Government/ DGCA.
Directions by Director-General
l The DGCA has issued Aeronautical Information
Circulars (AICs No. AIC 03 of 2004 Dated 24th Feb 2004)
and Civil Aviation Requirement (CAR), Section 3 - Air
Transport Series 'L' Part III dated 4th October 2006,
containing the provisions of the requirement of
transport and training on the carriage of dangerous
goods by air, and Air Safety Circular No. 2 of 1962 and 2
of 1989 dated 13th January, 1989 containing the
Instructions regarding handling of Radio active
materials and aircraft emergencies containing Radio
active materials. These circulars are given in the
Appendix.
General Power to exempt

l The Central Government may, by general or special
order in writing, exempt any aircraft or class of aircraft
or any person or class of persons from the operation of
these rules, either wholly or partially, subject to such
conditions, if any, as may be specified in that order.
Cancellation or suspension of licence, certificate and approval

l Where the Director-General, after giving an opportunity
of being heard, is satisfied that any person has
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contravened or failed to comply with the provisions of Notes
these rules, he may, for reasons to be recorded in __________________
writing, cancel or suspend any licence, certificate or __________________
approval issued under these rules or under the Aircraft __________________
Rules, 1937. __________________
__________________
Cooling Period
__________________
Any unaccompanied baggage required to be carried by air is __________________
sometimes subjected to undergo waiting through a certain
__________________
period of time known as "Cooling period". Thereafter the
__________________
baggage is loaded on board the aircraft. This is done with
__________________
the intensions to exclude the possibility of any mishap to
take place on ground instead of within the flight.
Action Plans for an Emergency involving Radioactive

Consignments
There are special requirements as regards to transportation

of radioactive consignments by air formulated in consultation
with Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai.
These procedures have been promulgated by DGCA Vide Air
Safety Circular no. 02 of 1962. In addition, DGCA has also
circulated another circular (Air Safety Circular no. 02 of 1989)
giving action to be taken in case the aircraft carrying
radioactive material meets with an emergency.
The following extracts from ICAO Aircraft accident

Investigation manual are forwarded for information of
investigation.
"Radioactive isotopes are being carried as freight with

increasing frequency in transport aircraft and the
investigator should be on guard against the possibility of such
material being present in the wreckage. A routine
preliminary check of freight manifest or an enquiry to Air
Carrier's agent will resolve the question. If it is established
that the radioactive materials were being carried, steps must
be taken immediately to make sure that they are removed
to a place of safety before they can cause harm to persons
working in close proximity to the wreckage.
Radioactivity can not be detected by the human senses but

by means of a special instrument known as a "Geiger
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Notes Counter". The radiation can not be stopped or slowed down

__________________ by any known means but its distance can be reduced to a
__________________ harmless level by distance or by suitable screening.
__________________
A radioactive source, if spilled or scattered may cling to any
__________________ object including clothing, food and the human body with
__________________ obviously harmful results. The small size of an isotope likely
__________________ to be carried in an aircraft, the strength of its package and
__________________ the shielding incorporated in it, minimize the possibility of
__________________ damage even when subjected to the impact of an aircraft
__________________
accident. As long as the package and shielding remain intact
there is likely to be little danger from the radiation. Where
__________________
fire follows the impact, however, the package and shielding
may be damaged. The radioactive isotopes may then be
changed into gaseous form by heat, in which the radiation
may spread in the downwind direction. Splashing of the
radioactive material with water would, in such
circumstances, increase the risk of radiation spreading
throughout the wreckage.
In case where an accident resulting in fire occurs to an aircraft

carrying radioactive isotopes, no examination of the wreckage
should be commenced until the degree of radiation has been
checked by an expert. (Of course in India the Expert has to
be a representative from BARC).
References
11. ICAO Annex-18 to the Convention on International Civil
Aviation-The Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air
12. Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of

Dangerous Goods by Air (ICAO Doc 9284).
13. DGCA Website http://dgca.nic.in/ also http://dgca.gov.in/
14. DGCA Air Safety Circular no. 02 of 1962
15. DGCA Air Safety Circular no. 02 of 1989
16. Indian Aircraft Manual

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Questions Notes
__________________
General Questions. __________________
1. How ICAO defines 'Dangerous Goods' __________________

__________________
2. Give an example of the case history an aircraft accident
__________________
caused due to presence of some kind of dangerous goods
__________________
on board or due to some bomb or terrorist attack, please
__________________
give the causes of the accident with possible methods of
prevention and your views on avoiding such accidents. __________________
__________________
3. What is the meant by 'cooling period' in respect of
__________________
unaccompanied baggage.
4. What actions are required to be taken in the event of an

aircraft carrying Radio Active material meets with an
accident.
Objective Type of questions

a. The following item is considered as a Hazardous
material and can not be carried on board the aircraft as
hand baggage;
i. Acid Battery
ii. Shaving Cream
iii. Double edged (Twin Blade) Safety Razor
iv. Camera Equipment with Battery
b. Hazardous cargo should be carried as per the

instructions contained in the ICAO document known
as ----
c. For carriage of Dangerous cargo, the airline operator

must be certified by ---
d. State True or False;
i. "Aerosols containing flammable material under

pressure (e.g. Hair sprays and paints), CO2
Cartridges, medical Oxygen, Butane fuel, Chemical
Mace, tear Gas, scuba tanks, propane tanks, self
inflating rafts etc. come under then category of
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Notes hazardous materials."- True/False

__________________
ii. "Bacterial cultures, viral organism, medical
__________________
laboratory specimens and such other hospital
__________________
wastes or Infectious Material are categorised as
__________________ 'hazardous materials.'- True/False"
__________________
iii. "The dangerous goods are required to be labelled
__________________
and marked in accordance with the requirements
__________________
specified in the Technical Instructions, with the
__________________
proper shipping name of its contents and, the UN
__________________ number etc. - True/False"
__________________
iv. "The operator shall provide such information in the
Operations Manual so as to enable the flight crew
member to carry out their responsibilities with
regard to the transport of dangerous goods and shall
also provide instructions as to the action to be taken
in the event of emergencies arising involving
dangerous goods. - True/False"
v.
Answers to Objective Type of questions

a. Acid Battery
b. "Technical Instructions for the safe transport of

Dangerous Goods by Air (ICAO Doc 9284)"
c. DGCA
d. State True or False;
i. True
ii. True
iii. True
iv. True

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OLEUM &

"Dangerous goods" or "Hazardous Material" means articles

A number of aircraft accidents and many cases of explosions

Often passengers deliberately or unknowingly carry such

Some such dangerous goods that we are familiar with are

Notes etc. However even many innocent looking objects like

Explosives Fireworks, loose ammunitions, flares, gun powder

Gas or vapour Aerosols containing flammable material under

Flammable liquids Flammable paints and related material, solid

Oxidisers Bleach, nitric acid, fertilizers, swimming pool and

Poisons Weed killers, pesticides, rat poisons.

Infectious Material Bacterial cultures, viral organism, medical

Corrosives Drain cleaners, wet-type batteries, acids lye

Organic Peroxides Fibreglass resins.

Radioactive Material Smoke detectors, radioactive-labelled materials &

Magnetized Materials Magnets as in some loudspeakers and laboratory

Other hazardous Dry ice, mercury, any equipment material containing

** Source Hazardous Materials Advisory Council and

an emergency landing at the airport. Fortunately there was __________________

During investigation it was found that the fire has emerged

In another accident a Pan Am B707 cargo aircraft crashed

Similarly in case of another cargo flight in Canada the crew

Notes absorbed by the packing in the outer container. Thus a near

Investigation revealed that the explosive material, locally

As a matter of fact International Civil Aviation Organisation

Govt. of India has also formulated rules for carriage of

l Every Operator (a person, organisation or enterprise __________________

l These dangerous goods will be required to be carried in __________________

l A permission in writing is required to be granted by the

l In the event of an extreme emergency such as national

l The articles and substances classified as dangerous

l It is the duty of the shipper, the operator and every

Custody of unauthorized Dangerous Goods

Notes custody pending detailed examination of the nature of

l It shall be ensured that no harmful quantity of a

l Packagings shall be of good quality and shall be

l The packagings shall be suitable for the contents and

l No packaging used for the transport of the dangerous

l Provided that where it is not possible to properly clean

assigned, the UN number (Four-digit number assigned __________________

l The package, overpack or freight container containing

l A unit load device (any type of freight container, aircraft

Notes inspected and found free from any evidence of leakage

l Dangerous goods should not be carried in an aircraft

l Any hazardous contamination found on an aircraft as a

l An aircraft which has been contaminated by radioactive

l Packages containing dangerous goods which might react

l Packages of toxic and infectious substances shall be

l Packages of radioactive materials shall be stowed on an

damaged, and shall secure such goods in the aircraft in __________________

l The operator shall provide such information in the

l Operators shall ensure that information is promulgated

l Operators, shippers or other organisations involved in

Notes transport of dangerous goods and shall also provide

l In the event of an aircraft incident, the operator of an

Dangerous Goods Accidents and Incidents

l the name of the pilot-in-command of the aircraft; __________________

l the place where the accident occurred:

l the last point of departure and the next point of intended

l the details of the dangerous goods on board the aircraft

l the known cause of the dangerous goods accident or

l details of other cargo on board the aircraft;