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October 8th

Complete the sentences with the correct word from below. autotrophs eating producers consumers heterotrophs sunlight 1. Organisms that get their energy from other organisms are called ________________, or _________________. 2. Organisms that make their own food are called ________________, or ________________. 3. Consumers survive by _____________ producers. 4. Most producers get their energy from _______________.

Learning Goal:
1) Identify different types of consumers. 2) Describe the structure of a food chain.

Success Criteria:
Draw a food chain and accurately identify different trophic levels, producers, types of consumers, and the flow of energy.

Predator and Prey

Prey = An animal which is hunted or caught for food Predator = An organism that lives by hunting and catching other organisms Specialist: Florida snail kite bird with apple snail

Different Types of Heterotrophs (Consumers) Herbivores, such as cows, obtain energy by eating only plants. Carnivores, such as snakes, eat only animals. Omnivores, such as humans, eat both plants and animals. Detritivores, such as earthworms, feed on dead matter (ex: leaves, wood). Decomposers, such as fungi and bacteria, break down organic matter, cause decay. They return nutrients to the environment. Scavengers, such as vultures, consume the carcasses of other animals. Specialist, such as Florida snail kite birds, consume mainly one specific animal (apple snail) or plant or a very small number of organisms. Generalists, such as wolves, consume many different foods, varying diet (deer, elk, moose, beavers, mice, rabbits, bison).

Name some examples of detritivores:

maggots

wood lice

earth worm

Name some examples of decomposers:

Mold on fruit and bread fungi bacteria

Food chains model the flow of energy in an ecosystem. The trophic level of an organism is the position it occupies in a food chain. troph = food Trophic level 3 Trophic level 1 Trophic level 2

Food Chains Organisms need energy to live. They get this energy by eating other organisms. A food chain is a sequence which shows how each individual feeds on the organism below it in the chain. Each arrow means eaten by.

leaf

caterpillar

bird

fox

Energy is transferred from one organism to another in the direction of the arrow, showing the flow of energy through the chain. Energy is passed from one animal to the other.

A food chain is a model that links species by their feeding relationships. A food chain follows the connection between one producer and a single chain of consumers within an ecosystem. Primary consumers are usually herbivores. Secondary consumers are omnivores or carnivores.

What would happen to the rabbit and hawk if all the grass died out?
GRAMA GRASS DESERT COTTONTAIL HARRISS HAWK

Practice: Producer, herbivore or carnivore? From a food chain, we can tell if an organism is a producer, an herbivore or a carnivore. Which animal in the this food chain is a producer, which one an herbivore, and which one a carnivore? Explain why.

leaf

snail

bird

owl

Independent Practice Use your notes from yesterday and today and your textbook pages 382 to 385 to complete the practice assignment for this week.

Exit Slip 1. A model that shows a single sequence of feeding relationships is called a a. trophic level. b. food chain. c. food web. d. feeding chain. 2. Decomposers are important to ecosystems because they a. return vital nutrients to the environment. b. are producers. c. capture energy from the Sun. d. can be omnivores.

3. Giant pandas eat bamboo almost exclusively. For this reason giant pandas are an example of a(n) a. carnivore. b. omnivore. c. generalist. d. specialist.