Bilateral InvestmentTreaties 1959-1999

INTERNET EDITION ONLY
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999
UNITED NATIONS
UNCTAD/ITE/IIA/2
UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT
United Nations New York and Geneva, 2000
NOTE
UNCTAD serves as the focal point within the United Nations Secretariat for all matters related to foreign direct investment and transnational corporations. In the past, the Programme on Transnational Corporations was carried out by the United Nations Centre on Transnational Corporations (1975-1992) and the Transnational Corporations and Management Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Development (1992-1993). In 1993, the Programme was transferred to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. UNCTAD seeks to further the understanding of the nature of transnational corporations and their contribution to development and to create an enabling environment for international investment and enterprise development. UNCTAD's work is carried out through intergovernmental deliberations, technical assistance activities, seminars, workshops and conferences. The term "country" as used in this study also refers, as appropriate, to territories or areas; the designations employed and the presentation of the material do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. In addition, the designations of country groups are intended solely for statistical or analytical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgement about the stage of development reached by a particular country or area in the development process. The following symbols have been used in the tables: Two dots (..) indicate that data are not available or are not separately reported. Rows in tables have been omitted in those cases where no data are available for any of the elements in the row; A dash (-) indicates that the item is equal to zero or its value is negligible; A blank in a table indicates that the item is not applicable, unless otherwise indicated. A slash (/) between dates representing years, e.g., 1994/95, indicates a financial year; Use of a hyphen (-) between dates representing years, e.g., 1994-1995, signifies the full period involved, including the beginning and end years. Reference to "dollars" ($) means United States dollars, unless otherwise indicated. Annual rates of growth or change, unless otherwise stated, refer to annual compound rates. Details and percentages in tables do not necessarily add to totals because of rounding. The material contained in this study may be freely quoted with appropriate acknowledgement.
UNCTAD/ITE/IIA/2
Copyright United Nations, 2000 All rights reserved
ii
Preface
Today, all countries seek foreign direct investment to advance their development process. They have therefore shown keen interest in promoting and protecting such investment through national and international policy instruments. Part of these efforts involve the adoption of bilateral treaties for the promotion and protection of foreign investment. The United Nations has analysed bilateral investment treaties over the years as part of its work on foreign direct investment, presently carried out by the Division on Investment, Technology and Enterprise Development of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). It has published two comprehensive analytical studies on this subject, in 1988 and 1998. It also updates the list of bilateral investment treaties and monitors developments on an annual basis; the updates are reported in various publications, notably the World Investment Report and International Investment Instruments: A Compendium. From time to time, UNCTAD publishes a comprehensive list of bilateral investment treaties. It furthermore assists developing countries that so request in the organization of events during which bilateral investment treaties can be negotiated. The 1990s saw a rapid increase in the number of bilateral investment treaties, and, by the end of the decade, the universe of these treaties looked dramatically different from that of previous decades. The number of treaties quintupled during the decade, rising from 385 at the end of the 1980s to 1,857 at the end of the 1990s. The number of countries involved in bilateral investment treaties reached 173. At the same time, the number of such treaties concluded by developing countries and Central and Eastern European countries have between themselves experienced a sharp increase, from 63 at the end of the 1980s to 833 at the end of the 1990s. All of this suggests that bilateral investment treaties are playing an increasingly important role in international investment relations worlwide, including in South-South cooperation.
iii
Preface
The present booklet is intended to document these trends and provide a snapshot of the universe of bilateral investment treaties signed by the end of 1999. The list of bilateral investment treaties is preceded by a brief introduction highlighting significant recent developments. It is meant to complement the analytical and technical cooperation work on bilateral investment treaties being undertaken by UNCTAD. The booklet was prepared by Abraham Negash under the guidance of Victoria Aranda and the overall direction of Anh-Nga Tran-Nguyen and Karl P. Sauvant. Production of the booklet was carried out by Florence Hudry.
Rubens Ricupero Geneva, December 2000 Secretary-General of UNCTAD
iv
Table of contents
Page Preface ............................................................................. iii Introduction .................................................................... 1 Bilateral investment treaties concluded up to 1 January 2000 ....................................................... 25 Box
UNCTADs support for BITs and DTTs ..................................... 2
Figures
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Growth of the number of BITs, 1959-1999........................ Number of BITs concluded by developing countries, by decade, 1960-1999 ...................................... BITs between developing countries, by region and decade, 1960-1999 .................................................... Participation of countries in BITs, by region and decade, 1960-1999 ........................................................... Number of BITs concluded by Central and Eastern European countries, by decade, 1960-1999........................ Ranking of the top 30 countries in terms of the number of BITs concluded, 1 January 2000 .................................. Density mapping of BITs worldwide, 1 January 2000........ 1 5 6 15 17 18 19
Table Countries/territories that have concluded BITs, 1 January 2000 . 7
Selected UNCTAD publications on transnational corporations and foreign direct investment .................... 125 Questionnaire
Introduction
Bilateral investment treaties (BITs) constitute to date the most important instrument for the international protection of foreign investment. Since the adoption of the first BIT in 1959, the number of such treaties has grown steadily and, by the end of 1999, reached a total of 1,857. The most dramatic increase took place during the 1990s, when their number quintupled (figure 1). Figure 1. Growth of the number of BITs, 1959-1999
2000 1900 1800 1700 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 1,857
1990s 1980s 1970s 1960s 1950s
385 165 1 end 1959 72
end 1969
end 1979
end 1989
end 1999
Source: UNCTAD database on BITs. Initially, BITs were concluded between a developed and a developing country, usually at the initiative of the developed country. The developed country typically a capital exporting country entered into a BIT with a developing country typically a capital importing country in order to secure additional and higher standards of legal protection and guarantees for the investments of its firms than those offered under national laws. The developing country, on the other hand, would sign a BIT as one of the elements of a favourable climate to attract foreign investors.
This pattern has changed since the late 1980s and especially in the 1990s, as developing countries and economies in transition began to sign BITs between themselves in great numbers (box). As a result, the dividing line for BIT partners between capital exporting and capital importing countries no longer holds true and, in many instances, countries approach BITs with the dual purpose of protecting their outward investments to, while attracting inward investment from, the other BIT partner. Of course, the degree of emphasis that countries place on each of these objectives varies considerably from BIT to BIT. Box. UNCTADs support for BITs and DTTs The UNCTAD Secretariat has launched an initiative aimed at strengthening investment cooperation between developing countries by providing them an opportunity to negotiate bilateral investment treaties (BITs) and bilateral treaties for the avoidance of double taxation of income and capital (DTTs). To that effect, the UNCTAD Secretariat facilitates meetings between interested countries for the negotiation and initialization of such treaties, to be signed and ratified in accordance with internal and diplomatic rules and practices in force in each country. In January 1999, the UNCTAD Secretariat, together with the Group of Fifteen (G-15) and UNDP, hosted the first meeting of BIT negotiators of interested members of the G-15 near Geneva. It resulted in the conclusion of three BITs. In addition, consolidated texts of two BITs were prepared reflecting consensus ad referendum on all key issues, as well as consolidated texts of three BITs reflecting consensus ad referendum on most issues. A round of DTT negotiations was organized in December 1999 in Colombo, Sri Lanka, with the G-15 and the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA). One DTT was initialled, two memoranda of understanding were concluded and one existing DTT was reviewed. /
Introduction
Box (continued) The next round of BITs negotiations, organized in Geneva in January 2000, brought together six developing countries and economies in transition. As a result, eight BITs were initialled and three were signed in February 2000 in Bangkok during UNCTAD X. At the request of one developing country, a round of BIT negotiations between that country and a group of selected countries took place in Lima, Peru, in March 2000. This event resulted in two initialled BITs. Finally, in June 2000, the UNCTAD Secretariat organized a round of negotiations in Sapporo, Japan, hosted by the Government of Japan. This event brought together eleven countries from Africa, Asia and Latin America, and resulted in the finalization of 22 BITs among themselves.
The next negotiating event is scheduled to take place in January 2001 in Geneva, focusing on BIT negotiations by least developed countries. It is expected that the agreements concluded during this round would be signed on the occasion of the LDC-III Conference in May 2001. While facilitating the organization of these rounds of negotiations, the UNCTAD Secretariat provides logistical assistance and, as requested, technical advice based on UNCTAD's expertise and experience in this area. Resource persons are made available uponrequest. The UNCTAD secretariat does not participate in the negotiations. The facilitation of BIT and DTT negotiations forms part of a broader Programme on International Investment Agreement aimed at helping developing countries participate as effectively as possible in international discussions or negotiations on investment. /
3
By the end of 1999, out of the total 1,857 BITs, 737 (40 per cent) were between developed and developing countries (compared with 260 or 68 per cent at the end of 1989), 476 (26 per cent) between developing countries (compared with 40 or 10 per cent at the end of 1989), 253 (14 per cent) between developing and Central and Eastern European countries (compared with 23 or 6 per cent at the end of 1989), 276 (15 per cent) between developed and Central and Eastern European countries (compared with 51 or 13 per cent at the end of 1989), and 104 (6 per cent) between Central and Eastern European countries (none at the end of 1989) (figures 2 and 3). There are only a few (11) BITs between developed countries, the reason being that investment relations among developed countries are dealt with in a number of instruments adopted under the auspices of the OECD, to which all developed countries belong. It is not only the number of BITs that has been growing, but also the number of countries involved, from 2 at the end of the 1950s to 48 at the end of the 1960s, 69 at the end of the 1970s, 102 at the end of the 1980s, and a total of 173 at the end of the 1990s, including countries from all regions (table and figure 4). Box (concluded) This work includes capacity-building seminars, regional symposia, training courses, dialogues between negotiators and groups of civil society and the preparation of a series of papers on Issues in International Investment Agreements. The organization of these events is financially supported by UNCTAD's Trust Fund on International Investment Agreements, financed by contributions from the European Commission, France, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands, Norway, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. The round of negotiations in Peru was further supported by the Government of Canada. Source: UNCTAD.
Introduction
Figure 2. Number of BITs concluded by developing countries, by decade, 1960-1999

550 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 1960s
65 3 0 69 4 31 19 125 230
With developed countries Between developing countries With Central and Eastern European countries
477 436
1970s
1980s
1990's
Source: UNCTAD database on BITs. In the 1990s, the regional distribution of participating countries was also quite different from that of previous decades, comprising 41 countries from Africa (in contrast with 21 in the 1980s), 46 from developing Asia and the Pacific (18 in the 1980s), 27 from Latin America and the Caribbean (15 in the 1980s), 24 developed countries (22 in the 1980s), and 19 Central and Eastern European countries (7 in the 1980s). African countries were more actively involved in BIT practice during the 1960s than any other region. They have since continued to conclude BITs, especially during the 1990s, when the number of BITs increased by 279, from 149 at the end of 1989 to a total of 428. Of these, 221 treaties were concluded with developed countries (172 with countries members of the European Union), 168
Figure 3. BITs between developing countries, by region and decade, 1960-1999

450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 1960's 1970's 1980's 1990's
BITs betw een developing countries in different regions BITs betw een Latin American and Caribbean countries BITs betw een developing Asian and the Pacific countries BITs betw een African countries
Source: UNCTAD database on BITs. with developing countries (44 between African countries themselves), 108 with Asian countries, 16 with Latin American and Caribbean countries, and 39 with Central and Eastern European countries. Among developing regions, the countries of the Asia and Pacific region have concluded the largest number of BITs, with a total of 842 at the end of 1999.1 Of these, 697 BITs were concluded during the 1990s alone, in contrast with the 1980s in which only 98 BITs were signed. The countries of South, East and South-East Asia have signed 523 BITs (74 between themselves); those of Central Asia 158 (15 between themselves); those of West Asia 251 (16 between themselves); and those of the Pacific 6 (none between themselves). The recent sharp growth of BITs in the region is partly explained by
1
The total number of BITs signed by the Asia and Pacific region is calculated by subtracting from the sum of all BITs signed by the countries of the region the 96 BITs signed between the subregions, so as to avoid double-counting these BITs.
Table. Countries/territories that have concluded BITs, 1 January 2000

Developed countries Countries and territories Albania Algeria Angola Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium / Luxembourg Belize Benin Bolivia Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria Western a Europe 13 6 2 2 14 6 4 1 6 4 8 1 1 3 11 1 1 10 1 18 United States 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Other developed b countries 1 3 1 1 1 1 Developing countries Latin America Asia and and the Africa the Pacific Caribbean 2 3 4 5 1 1 5 9 12 1 8 1 9 3 4 9 5 9 1 3 9 1 2 1 8 16 20 10 1 2 5 1 4 1 1 3 1 4 13 2
Central and c Eastern Europe 9 2 9 3 6 14 2 2 9 15 1 1 14
Table (continued)
Developed countries Countries and territories Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cameroon Canada Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Chile China Colombia Comoros Congo Congo, Democratic Republic of Costa Rica Cte d'Ivoire Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic d Czechoslovakia Denmark Djibouti Dominica Dominican Republic Western a Europe 2 3 2 5 6 3 4 15 16 2 5 5 6 7 12 10 2 3 14 2 2 United States 1 1 1 1 1 Other developed b countries 1 4 1 1 1 1 2 2 Developing countries Latin America Asia and and the Africa the Pacific Caribbean 1 1 6 1 2 4 10 1 1 1 1 2 7 14 15 33 9 2 1 1 2 1 5 2 5 7 1 2 1 5 8 1 17 4 14 1 2 2 16 9 8 3 Central and c Eastern Europe 1 8 6 17 1 13 6 6 16 14 -
Table (continued)
Developed countries Countries and territories Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Estonia Ethiopia Finland France Gabon Gambia Georgia Germany Ghana Greece Grenada Guatemala Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guyana Haiti Honduras Hong Kong, China Hungary Iceland India Western a Europe 7 16 6 1 1 14 3 1 7 1 7 3 7 1 1 1 3 1 2 3 5 10 15 10 United States 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Other developed b countries 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 2 Developing countries Latin America Asia and and the Africa the Pacific Caribbean 1 1 10 21 26 3 1 2 6 2 4 2 15 5 20 32 20 2 1 1 9 40 37 25 3 2 1 4 7 3 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 13 5 1 4 13 1 Central and c Eastern Europe 2 15 1 5 17 18 1 4 18 2 16 1 13 1 5
Table (continued)
Developed countries Countries and territories Indonesia Iran, Islamic Republic of Iraq Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Korea, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Republic of Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Lao People's Democratic Republic Latvia Lebanon Lesotho Liberia Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Lithuania Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Western a Europe 13 4 2 1 6 7 9 3 2 14 7 4 6 16 8 2 4 1 15 7 United States 1 1 1 1 1 1 Other developed b countries 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 Developing countries Latin America Asia and and the Africa the Pacific Caribbean 7 20 5 4 15 1 1 1 9 2 18 25 12 2 2 2 1 6 4 4 1 12 1 8 5 1 3 3 2 20 9 13 8 6 8 1 5 4 7 1 1 2 Central and c Eastern Europe 6 6 1 13 21 1 4 7 6 10 8 2 1 9 5 11 8
10
Table (continued)
Developed countries Countries and territories Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Mali Malta Mauritania Mauritius Mexico Moldova, Republic of Mongolia Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Namibia Nepal Netherlands New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Norway Oman Pakistan Palestine Authority Panama Papua New Guinea Western a Europe 4 13 2 7 3 5 10 9 8 15 1 3 3 1 6 2 3 7 11 5 2 United States 1 1 1 1 1 1 Other developed b countries 1 2 1 1 Developing countries Latin America Asia and and the Africa the Pacific Caribbean 2 12 24 5 3 1 2 1 1 2 5 1 6 10 1 6 13 2 4 1 1 1 1 1 17 21 14 2 1 3 3 4 1 4 2 4 5 2 20 1 1 4 2 Central and c Eastern Europe 9 1 1 1 10 6 5 19 8 4 1 -
11
Table (continued)
Developed countries Countries and territories Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Qatar Romania e Russian Federation Rwanda Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Sao Tome and Principe Saudi Arabia Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Slovakia Slovenia Somalia South Africa Spain Sri Lanka Sudan Suriname Western a Europe 11 12 12 16 1 2 22 18 3 2 1 1 2 6 2 6 2 13 1 12 11 4 United States 1 1 1 1 1 Other developed b countries 1 2 3 4 2 1 1 1 Developing countries Latin America Asia and and the Africa the Pacific Caribbean 2 7 4 7 11 2 3 19 3 10 3 9 3 5 12 29 8 1 14 3 1 3 1 1 1 5 7 1 2 2 4 1 9 5 2 3 11 8 8 1 1 1 3 17 1 Central and c Eastern Europe 3 2 3 17 12 2 14 13 1 5 11 11 1 12 1 1 -
12
Table (continued)
Developed countries Countries and territories Swaziland Sweden Switzerland Syrian Arab Republic Taiwan Province of China Tajikistan Tanzania, United Republic of Thailand Togo Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkey Turkmenistan Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States Uruguay Uzbekistan Venezuela Viet Nam Yemen Yugoslavia, Western a Europe 2 1 3 5 6 2 1 2 16 11 3 5 13 6 1 10 9 10 10 5 6 United States 1 1 1 1 1 Other developed b countries 1 1 2 1 2 3 1 1 1 Developing countries Latin America Asia and and the Africa the Pacific Caribbean 1 8 13 6 34 26 18 2 7 4 5 6 9 1 1 11 6 1 1 1 4 19 8 1 2 4 3 1 10 9 19 10 15 6 31 11 2 12 13 9 2 1 1 2 3 3 25 11 5 9 3 Central and c Eastern Europe 16 16 1 2 5 5 17 3 15 3 16 13 4 9 2 10 2 9
13
Table (continued)
Developed countries Countries and territories Federal Republic of Zambia Zimbabwe f Total g Total actual numbers) Western a Europe 2 8 913 904 United States 43 43 Other developed b countries 79 79 Developing countries Latin America Asia and and the Africa the Pacific Caribbean 1 472 428 1 6 1043 842 1 427 366 Central and c Eastern Europe 2 737 633
Source: UNCTAD database on BITs.

a b c
d e f g
Western Europe: European Union countries, Iceland, Malta, Norway and Switzerland. Other developed countries: Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan and New Zealand. Central and Eastern Europe: Albania, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Republic of Moldova, Romania, Russian Federation, Slovakia, Slovenia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Ukraine and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic have upheld all BITs concluded by Czechoslovakia. All international obligations undertaken by the USSR have been assumed by the successor States. These figures reflect a double-counting of BITs signed between countries in the same region. Without double-counting of BITs signed between countries in the same region.
Note: The world total calculated as the sum of each region in this table would be 3,714 BITs. This figure reflects doublecounting because of the involvement of two countries in each BIT. The actual total number of worldwide BITs is 1,857.
14
Introduction
the creation of a number of independent States in the Central Asian subregion after the dissolution of the USSR in 1991. 2 In fact the Central Asian region has since been the fastest growing as far as the number of BITs concluded is concerned. Figure 4. Participation of countries in BITs, by region and decade, 1960-1999
50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s
African countries Developing Asia and the Pacific Latin America and the Caribbean Central and Eastern European countries Developed countries
Source: UNCTAD database on BITs. The Latin American countries did not start signing BITs until the late 1980s. Changes in the development strategies of the countries in the region have since led to a rapid growth of BITs, to reach a total of 300 treaties, 93 per cent of which were signed during the 1990s. Together with the 82 BITs signed by t he Caribbean countries
2
For the purpose of UNCTADs BITs work, the new Central Asian countries emerging from the dissolution of the USSR in December 1991 were originally included in the Central and Eastern European region. Since 1997, they have been included in the Asia and Pacific region. This explains discrepancies in BIT data on Asia and Central and Eastern Europe between earlier publications on BITs and the most recent ones.
15
which, however, had started signing BITs much earlier they have concluded a total of 366 BITs,3 of which 205 with developed countries, mainly from Western Europe (179). The rest were signed with developing countries 61 between countries of the region itself, 46 with Asian countries and 16 with African countries and 38 with Central and Eastern European countries. The Central and Eastern European countries have signed 633 BITs, of which 104 were concluded between themselves (all signed during the 1990s), 253 with developing countries, and 276 with the developed countries. More than 75 per cent of the BITs with developed countries were signed with members of the European Union, mostly in the 1990s. Most of the BITs with developing countries are with countries of the Asian region (176, of which 91 with South, East and South-East Asia, 53 with West Asia and 32 with Central Asia), followed by Latin America and the Caribbean (38) and Africa (39) (figure 5). Overall, Western European countries have concluded the largest number of BITs (904), representing 49 per cent of all BITs. Of these, 658 BITs, representing 73 per cent of the total, were concluded with developing countries 270 with Asia (of which 160 with South, East and South-East Asia), 209 with Africa, and 179 with Latin America and the Caribbean. A total of 235 were concluded with Central and Eastern European countries. They have also concluded 9 treaties between themselves. North America and Japan were relative latecomers to the BIT practice although the United States and, to a lesser extent, Japan were earlier engaged in concluding Friendship, Commerce and
The total number of BITs signed by the Latin American and Caribbean region is calculated by subtracting from the sum of all BITs signed by the countries of the region the 16 BITs signed between the Latin American and Caribbean subregions, so as to avoid double-counting these BITs.
16
Introduction
Figure 5. Number of BITs concluded by Central and Eastern European countries, by decade, 1960-1999
250 With developed countries 200 150 100 50 0 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s With developing countries Between Central and Eastern European countries
Source: UNCTAD database on BITs. Navigation treaties (which contained provisions on investment) and, over the years, both Canada and the United States have signed numerous investment guarantee agreements. However, they picked up speed during the 1980s and especially the 1990s, and have now concluded 75 BITs (24 by Canada, 8 by Japan and 43 by the United States), of which 11 were concluded with African countries, 21 with Asian countries, 21 with Latin American and Caribbean countries, and 22 with Central and Eastern European countries. Among developed countries, Germany continues to be the country with the largest number of BITs concluded (124), followed by Switzerland (95), and France and the United Kingdom with 92 BITs each. Among developing countries and Central and Eastern European countries, China has concluded the largest number of BITs (94), followed by Romania (90) and Egypt (84) (figures 6 and 7). These trends are the result of various factors, notably a clear shift in development strategies on the part of most developing countries, which have given increased importance to the role of FDI; the move towards a free market economy system in Central and
17
Figure 6. Ranking of the top 30 countries in terms of the number of BITs concluded, 1 January 2000
Germany Switzerland China United Kingdom France Romania Egypt Italy Netherlands Malaysia Poland Belgium / Luxembourg Republic of Korea Turkey Bulgaria Argentina Russian Federation Indonesia Czech Republic Hungary Ukraine Spain Cuba Chile Tunisia United States Sweden Denmark Morocco Pakistan Finland 0 20 53 53 52 52 52 51 50 47 45 45 44 43 43 43 42 39 39 40 60 80 100 120 140 63 62 62 60 59 77 72 84 95 94 92 92 90 124
18
Introduction
19
Eastern Europe; and the emergence of new countries on the international scene. The basic features of BITs, including their objectives, format and broad principles underlying the agreements, have changed little over the years.4 Their main provisions typically deal with the scope and definition of foreign investment (which in most cases includes tangible and intangible assets, direct as well as portfolio investments, and existing as well as new investments); admission of investments; national and most-favoured-nation treatment; fair and equitable treatment; guarantees and compensation in respect of expropriation and compensation for war and civil disturbances; guarantees of free transfer of funds and repatriation of capital and profits; subrogation on insurance claims; and dispute-settlement provisions, both State-toState and investor-to-State. In addition, some BITs include provisions regarding transparency of national laws; performance requirements; entry and sojourn of foreign personnel; general exceptions; and extension of national and most-favoured-nation-treatment to the entry and establishment of investments. Within these broad themes, the exact content of BIT provisions varies considerably, even between BITs signed by the same country, reflecting different approaches as well as bargaining positions. Over the years, as practice develops, some provisions in BITs have tended to become more elaborated. BITs can have an influence in the development of regional and multilateral investment instruments. Sometimes, model BITs have been prepared by individual countries that reflect their positions and
For an extensive analysis, see UNCTAD, Bilateral Investment Treaties in the Mid-1990s (New York and Geneva: United Nations, 1998), United Nations publication, Sales No. E.98.II.D.8, which builds on an earlier publication, namely, UNCTC. Bilateral Investment Treaties (New York: United Nations, 1988), United Nations publication, Sales No. E.88.II.A.1.
20
Introduction
expectations on international FDI rules and standards.5 BITs can also influence national laws. It is therefore of critical importance to monitor the evolution of the substantive provisions in recent BITs. Such analysis, however, exceeds the scope and purpose of this publication.
A number are reproduced in UNCTAD, International Investment Instruments: A Compendium, vols. III and V (New York and Geneva: United Nations, 1996 and 2000), United Nations publications, Sales Nos. E.96.II.A.11 and E.00.D.II.14.
21
Bilateral investment treaties concluded up to 1 January 2000
Bilateral investment treaties concluded up to 1 January 2000

Country/territory Albania Greece Italy Germany Turkey Switzerland China Poland Austria Croatia Egypt Tunisia Malaysia United Kingdom Netherlands Bulgaria Czech Republic United States Sweden Russian Federation Romania France Denmark Hungary Israel Finland Slovenia Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Portugal Belgium/Luxembourg Algeria Belgium/Luxembourg Italy France Romania Spain Germany 24 April 1991 18 May 1991 13 February 1993 28 June 1994 23 December 1994 11 March 1996 13 February 1992 26 November 1993 ... 30 December 1995 17 January 1996 ... 01 August 1991 12 September 1991 31 October 1991 01 June 1992 22 September 1992 13 February 1993 05 March 1993 18 March 1993 10 May 1993 22 May 1993 30 October 1993 24 January 1994 30 March 1994 15 April 1994 27 April 1994 27 June 1994 11 January 1995 31 March 1995 11 April 1995 11 May 1995 13 June 1995 05 September 1995 24 January 1996 29 January 1996 24 June 1997 23 October 1997 04 December 1997 11 September 1998 01 February 1999 04 January 1995 29 January 1996 18 August 1995 ... 30 April 1993 20 January 1994 09 August 1993 01 August 1995 16 April 1994 06 April 1994 ... 29 March 1994 30 August 1995 01 September 1995 28 January 1996 07 July 1995 04 January 1998 01 April 1996 29 May 1996 02 September 1995 16 June 1996 ... 01 April 1998 18 February 1997 20 February 1999 ... 03 April 1998 ... ... Date of signature Date of entry into force
/ 25
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Mali Jordan China Viet Nam Egypt Niger Turkey Bulgaria Mozambique Denmark Cuba Yemen Angola Italy Cape Verde Portugal Antigua and Barbuda United Kingdom Germany Argentina Italy Belgium/Luxembourg United Kingdom Germany Switzerland France Poland Chile Spain Canada United States Sweden Turkey Egypt Tunisia Austria Netherlands China 22 May 1990 28 June 1990 11 December 1990 09 April 1991 12 April 1991 03 July 1991 31 July 1991 02 August 1991 03 October 1991 05 November 1991 14 November 1991 22 November 1991 08 May 1992 11 May 1992 17 June 1992 07 August 1992 20 October 1992 05 November 1992 14 October 1993 20 May 1994 19 February 1993 08 November 1993 06 November 1992 03 March 1993 01 September 1992 01 January 1995 28 September 1992 29 April 1993 20 October 1994 28 September 1992 01 May 1995 03 December 1993 23 January 1995 01 January 1995 01 October 1994 01 August 1994 12 June 1987 05 November 1998 12 June 1987 05 November 1998 10 July 1997 30 September 1997 24 October 1997 ... 15 December 1997 ... Date of signature 11 July 1996 01 August 1996 17 October 1996 21 October 1996 29 March 1997 16 March 1998 03 June 1998 25 October 1998 12 December 1998 25 January 1999 22 September 1999 25 November 1999 Date of entry into force 16 February 1999 05 June 1997 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
/ 26
Country/territory Denmark Hungary Senegal Armenia Romania Bulgaria Finland Venezuela Jamaica Ecuador Bolivia Korea, Republic of Malaysia Portugal Peru Croatia Israel Ukraine Australia Indonesia Cuba Lithuania El Salvador Panama Viet Nam Morocco Czech Republic Mexico Guatemala Russian Federation South Africa Nicaragua India Philippines Greece Armeniaa China United States Viet Nam Argentina Greece United Kingdom
Date of signature 06 November 1992 05 February 1993 06 April 1993 16 April 1993 29 July 1993 21 September 1993 05 November 1993 16 November 1993 08 February 1994 18 February 1994 17 March 1994 17 May 1994 06 September 1994 06 October 1994 10 November 1994 02 December 1994 23 July 1995 09 August 1995 23 August 1995 07 November 1995 30 November 1995 14 March 1996 09 May 1996 10 May 1996 03 June 1996 13 June 1996 27 September 1996 13 November 1996 21 April 1998 25 June 1998 23 July 1998 10 August 1998 20 August 1999 20 September 1999 26 October 1999
Date of entry into force 02 February 1995 01 October 1997 ... 20 December 1994 01 May 1995 11 March 1997 03 May 1996 01 July 1995 01 December 1995 01 December 1995 01 May 1995 25 September 1996 20 March 1996 03 May 1996 24 October 1996 01 June 1996 10 April 1997 06 May 1997 11 January 1997 ... 01 June 1997 01 September 1998 08 January 1999 22 June 1998 01 June 1997 ... 23 July 1998 22 June 1998 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
04 July 1992 23 September 1992 01 February 1993 16 April 1993 25 May 1993 27 May 1993
18 March 1995 29 March 1996 ... 20 December 1994 28 April 1995 11 July 1996
/ 27
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Kyrgyzstan Romania Ukraine Egypt Cyprus Bulgaria Lebanon Iran, Islamic Republic of France Germany Turkmenistan Georgia Canada Italy Switzerland Australia China Papua New Guinea Viet Nam Poland Czechoslovakia Hungary Indonesia Romania Hong Kong, China Czech Republic Lao People's Democratic Republic Philippines Argentina Peru Chile Pakistan Lithuania India Austria Romania Malaysia China Hungary 30 September 1976 12 April 1985 12 September 1985 26 May 1988 08 November 1977 01 January 1987 11 October 1986 01 September 1989 11 July 1988 03 September 1990 05 March 1991 07 May 1991 29 July 1991 15 August 1991 17 November 1992 21 June 1993 15 September 1993 30 September 1993 06 April 1994 25 January 1995 23 August 1995 07 December 1995 09 July 1996 07 February 1998 24 November 1998 26 February 1999 11 July 1988 20 October 1991 11 September 1991 27 March 1992 ... 10 May 1992 29 July 1993 22 April 1994 15 October 1993 29 June 1994 08 April 1995 08 December 1995 11 January 1997 02 February 1997 ... ... ... ... Date of signature 04 July 1994 20 September 1994 07 October 1994 09 January 1995 18 January 1995 10 April 1995 01 May 1995 06 May 1995 04 November 1995 21 December 1995 19 March 1996 04 June 1996 08 May 1997 23 July 1998 19 November 1998 Date of entry into force 27 October 1995 24 December 1995 07 March 1996 ... 01 July 1996 27 March 1996 01 October 1998 26 February 1997 21 June 1997 ... ... ... 29 March 1999 ... ...
/ 28
Country/territory Turkey Poland Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of Russian Federation Czechoslovakia Korea, Republic of Cape Verde Argentina Morocco Albania Paraguay Estonia Latvia Viet Nam Tunisia Romania Lithuania Hong Kong, China Ukraine Kuwait South Africa Bulgaria Croatia Bolivia Chile Mexico Iran, Islamic Republic of India Azerbaijana Turkey China Pakistan Germany United Kingdom Georgia Uzbekistan Kazakhstan Italy Iran, Islamic Republic of Ukraine United States
Date of signature 16 September 1988 14 November 1988 25 October 1989 08 February 1990 15 October 1990 14 March 1991 03 September 1991 07 August 1992 02 November 1992 18 March 1993 13 August 1993 16 May 1994 17 November 1994 27 March 1995 01 June 1995 15 May 1996 28 June 1996 11 October 1996 08 November 1996 16 November 1996 28 November 1996 22 January 1997 19 February 1997 04 April 1997 08 September 1997 29 June 1998 21 September 1999 08 November 1999
Date of entry into force 01 January 1992 01 November 1989 01 June 1991 01 September 1991 01 October 1991 01 November 1991 01 April 1993 01 January 1995 01 July 1995 01 August 1995 ... 01 October 1995 01 May 1996 01 October 1996 01 January 1997 01 July 1997 01 July 1997 01 January 1998 01 December 1997 22 September 1998 01 January 1998 01 November 1997 ... ... ... ... ... ...
09 February 1994 08 March 1994 09 October 1995 22 December 1995 04 January 1996 08 March 1996 27 May 1996 16 September 1996 25 September 1996 28 October 1996 21 March 1997 01 August 1997
... 01 April 1995 ... 29 July 1998 11 December 1996 10 July 1996 02 November 1996 ... ... ... 09 December 1997 ...
/ 29
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Poland Kyrgyzstan Lebanon France Bahrain United Kingdom Egypt Malaysia China Lebanon Bangladesh United Kingdom Germany Belgium/Luxembourg France United States Korea, Republic of Romania Turkey Thailand Italy Malaysia Netherlands Pakistan China Philippines Indonesia Poland Japan Korea, Democratic People's Republic of Barbados United Kingdom Venezuela Germany Switzerland Italy Cuba 07 April 1993 15 July 1994 02 December 1994 29 March 1995 25 October 1995 19 February 1996 07 April 1993 31 October 1995 ... 22 December 1995 21 July 1997 13 August 1998 19 June 1980 06 May 1981 22 May 1981 10 September 1985 12 March 1986 18 June 1986 13 March 1987 12 November 1987 13 March 1988 20 March 1990 12 October 1994 01 November 1994 24 October 1995 12 September 1996 08 September 1997 09 February 1998 08 July 1998 10 November 1998 21 June 1999 19 June 1980 14 September 1986 14 September 1987 03 October 1986 25 July 1989 06 October 1988 31 October 1987 21 June 1990 ... 20 September 1994 20 August 1996 01 June 1996 ... ... 01 August 1998 22 April 1999 ... ... ... 30 October 1991 04 October 1997 15 June 1999 17 June 1999 26 August 1999 30 October 1991 ... ... ... ... Date of signature 26 August 1997 28 August 1997 11 February 1998 01 September 1998 Date of entry into force ... 28 August 1997 ... ...
/ 30
Country/territory Canada China Belarusa Poland Viet Nam Finland China Germany Switzerland France United States United Kingdom Sweden Netherlands Romania Iran, Islamic Republic of Italy Turkey Ukraine Bulgaria Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of Czech Republic Pakistan Egypt Korea, Republic of Latvia Cyprus Lithuania Kyrgyzstan Moldova, Republic of Belgium/Luxembourg Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Tunisia Morocco Indonesiab Korea, Republic of Congo, Democratic Republic of theb
Date of signature 29 May 1996 20 July 1998
Date of entry into force 17 January 1997 ...
24 April 1992 08 July 1992 28 October 1992 11 January 1993 02 April 1993 28 May 1993 28 October 1993 15 January 1994 01 March 1994 20 December 1994 11 April 1995 31 May 1995 14 July 1995 25 July 1995 08 August 1995 14 December 1995 21 February 1996 06 March 1996 14 October 1996 22 January 1997 20 March 1997 22 April 1997 03 March 1998 29 May 1998 05 March 1999 30 March 1999 28 May 1999
18 January 1993 24 November 1994 11 December 1994 14 January 1995 23 September 1996 13 July 1994 ... ... 28 December 1994 01 November 1996 01 August 1996 08 January 1997 ... 12 August 1997 20 February 1997 11 June 1997 11 November 1997 25 January 1997 09 April 1998 ... ... 09 August 1997 21 December 1998 03 September 1998 ... ... ...
17 February 1999 15 July 1964 28 April 1965 15 January 1970 20 December 1974 28 March 1976
... 09 March 1966 18 October 1967 17 June 1972 03 September 1976 01 January 1977
/ 31
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Egypt Romania Singapore Malaysia Cameroon Bangladesh Sri Lanka Rwanda Mauritania China Liberia Thailand Hungary Turkey Malta Polandc Bulgaria Russian Federationc Burundi Czechoslovakiad Bolivia Argentina Viet Nam Cyprus Algeria Uruguay Mongolia Chile Paraguay Georgia Ukraine Estonia Romania Latvia Moldova, Republic of Hong Kong, China Tunisia Lithuania India Philippines Venezuela Kazakhstan Uzbekistan Pakistan Date of signature 28 February 1977 08 May 1978 17 November 1978 22 November 1979 27 March 1980 22 May 1981 05 April 1982 02 November 1983 23 November 1983 04 June 1984 05 June 1985 19 March 1986 14 May 1986 27 August 1986 05 March 1987 19 May 1987 25 October 1988 09 February 1989 13 April 1989 24 April 1989 25 April 1990 28 June 1990 24 January 1991 26 February 1991 24 April 1991 04 November 1991 03 March 1992 15 July 1992 06 October 1992 23 June 1993 20 May 1995 24 January 1996 04 March 1996 27 March 1996 21 May 1996 07 October 1996 08 January 1997 15 October 1997 31 October 1997 14 January 1998 17 March 1998 16 April 1998 17 April 1998 23 April 1998 Date of entry into force 20 September 1978 01 June 1980 27 November 1980 08 February 1982 01 November 1981 14 September 1987 26 April 1984 01 August 1985 ... 05 October 1986 ... ... 23 September 1988 04 May 1990 15 June 1993 02 August 1991 29 May 1991 13 October 1991 12 September 1993 13 February 1992 ... 20 May 1994 ... ... 13 February 1992 ... 28 October 1993 ... ... ... ... 11 December 1996 ... 04 April 1999 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
/ 32
Country/territory Cuba Gabon South Africa Mexico Brazil Albania Slovenia Egypt Cte d'Ivoire Morocco Lebanon El Salvador Belize United Kingdom Cuba Benin Switzerland Germany United Kingdom Bolivia Germany Switzerland United Kingdom France Spain Belgium/Luxembourg Italy Sweden Netherlands China Peru Argentina Chile Denmark Cuba Ecuador Romania Korea, Republic of
Date of signature 19 May 1998 27 May 1998 14 August 1998 27 August 1998 06 January 1999 01 February 1999 01 February 1999 28 February 1999 01 April 1999 13 April 1999 06 September 1999 12 October 1999
Date of entry into force ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
30 April 1982 08 April 1998
30 April 1982 16 April 1999
20 April 1966 29 June 1978 27 November 1987
06 October 1973 18 July 1985 27 November 1987
23 March 1987 06 November 1987 24 May 1988 25 October 1989 24 April 1990 25 April 1990 30 April 1990 20 September 1990 10 March 1992 08 May 1992 30 July 1993 17 March 1994 22 September 1994 12 March 1995 06 May 1995 25 May 1995 09 October 1995 01 April 1996
09 November 1990 13 May 1991 16 February 1990 12 October 1996 12 May 1992 ... 22 February 1992 03 July 1992 01 November 1994 26 July 1992 19 March 1995 01 May 1995 ... 22 March 1997 ... 15 August 1997 16 March 1997 04 June 1997
/ 33
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Austria United States Bosnia and Herzegovina Malaysia Croatia Iran, Islamic Republic of Turkey Egypt Netherlands Qatar Botswana Malaysia Switzerland Brazil Portugal Chile United Kingdom Switzerland France Finland Italy Denmark Venezuela Korea, Republic of Germany Cuba Netherlands Belgium/Luxembourg Brunei Darussalam Germany Oman Bulgaria Finland Malta 16 February 1984 12 June 1984 16 July 1985 07 February 1985 30 March 1998 08 June 1998 ... ... 09 February 1994 22 March 1994 19 July 1994 11 November 1994 21 March 1995 28 March 1995 03 April 1995 04 May 1995 04 July 1995 01 September 1995 21 September 1995 26 June 1997 25 November 1998 06 January 1999 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 31 July 1997 26 June 1998 ... ... 16 December 1994 26 February 1996 27 July 1996 21 January 1998 11 March 1998 13 May 1998 01 June 1998 27 May 1995 ... ... ... ... ... ... Date of signature 04 April 1997 17 April 1998 Date of entry into force ... ...
/ 34
Country/territory Germany Cyprus Netherlands Belgium/Luxembourg Italy France China Ghana Switzerland United States Greece Denmark Portugal Russian Federation Argentina Israel Poland Sweden Albania Romania Hungary Turkey Slovakia Ukraine Georgia Armenia Spain United Kingdom Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of Belarus Moldova, Republic of Morocco Croatia Viet Nam Austria Kuwait Finland Egypt Uzbekistan Slovenia Algeria India Iran, Islamic Republic of
Date of signature 12 April 1986 12 November 1987 08 March 1988 25 October 1988 05 December 1988 05 April 1989 27 June 1989 20 October 1989 28 October 1991 23 September 1992 12 March 1993 14 April 1993 27 May 1993 08 June 1993 21 September 1993 06 December 1993 11 April 1994 19 April 1994 27 April 1994 01 June 1994 08 June 1994 06 July 1994 21 July 1994 08 December 1994 19 January 1995 10 April 1995 05 September 1995 11 December 1995 13 February 1996 21 February 1996 17 April 1996 22 May 1996 25 June 1996 19 September 1996 22 January 1997 17 June 1997 03 October 1997 15 March 1998 24 June 1998 30 June 1998 25 October 1998 29 October 1998 13 November 1998
Date of entry into force 10 March 1988 18 May 1988 24 May 1990 29 May 1991 27 December 1990 01 May 1990 21 August 1994 ... 26 October 1993 02 June 1994 29 April 1995 20 May 1995 ... ... 11 March 1997 17 December 1996 09 March 1995 01 April 1995 28 January 1996 23 May 1995 07 September 1995 19 September 1997 09 March 1995 10 December 1995 ... 27 March 1996 22 April 1998 24 June 1997 09 January 1997 11 November 1997 11 June 1997 ... 20 February 1998 15 May 1998 01 November 1997 16 September 1998 16 April 1999 ... ... ... ... ... ...
/ 35
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Italy Cuba Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Czech Republic Lebanon Korea, Democratic People's Republic of Kazakhstan Netherlands Burkina Faso Switzerland Tunisia Germany Malaysia Burundi Germany Belgium/Luxembourg United Kingdom Cambodia Malaysia Thailand China Switzerland Singapore Korea, Republic of Germany Indonesia Cameroon Germany Switzerland Netherlands Belgium/Luxembourg Romania United Kingdom United States 29 June 1962 28 January 1963 06 July 1965 27 March 1980 30 August 1980 04 June 1982 26 February 1986 21 November 1963 06 April 1964 07 May 1966 01 November 1981 24 September 1981 07 June 1985 06 April 1989 17 August 1994 29 March 1995 19 July 1996 12 October 1996 04 November 1996 10 February 1997 15 February 1999 16 March 1999 ... 16 April 1997 ... ... ... 12 March 1997 ... ... 10 September 1984 13 April 1989 13 September 1990 09 December 1987 12 September 1993 13 September 1990 06 May 1969 07 January 1993 22 October 1996 23 April 1998 15 September 1969 ... ... ... Date of signature 05 December 1998 15 December 1998 22 February 1999 17 March 1999 01 June 1999 16 June 1999 15 September 1999 06 October 1999 Date of entry into force 05 December 1998 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
/ 36
Country/territory China Canada Russian Federation Poland Czechoslovakia Uruguay Hungary Argentina Ukraine Latvia Trinidad and Tobago Philippines South Africa Romania Ecuador Barbados Venezuela Panama Egypt Thailand Croatia Lebanon Armenia Uruguay Costa Rica El Salvador Cape Verde Germany Portugal Austria Switzerland Netherlands Cuba Italy Angola China Central African Republic France
Date of signature 10 May 1997
Date of entry into force ...
20 November 1989 26 October 1990 15 November 1990 16 May 1991 03 October 1991 05 November 1991 24 October 1994 26 April 1995 11 September 1995 10 November 1995 27 November 1995 17 April 1996 29 April 1996 29 May 1996 01 July 1996 12 September 1996 13 November 1996 17 January 1997 03 February 1997 11 April 1997 08 May 1997 29 October 1997 18 March 1998 31 May 1999
27 June 1991 22 November 1990 09 March 1992 ... 21 November 1993 29 April 1993 24 June 1995 27 July 1995 08 July 1996 01 November 1996 ... ... 06 June 1997 17 January 1997 28 January 1998 13 February 1998 03 November 1997 24 September 1998 ... ... 29 March 1999 ... ... ...
18 January 1990 26 October 1990 03 September 1991 28 October 1991 11 November 1991 22 May 1997 12 June 1997 30 September 1997 27 April 1998
15 December 1993 04 October 1991 01 April 1993 06 May 1992 25 November 1992 22 May 1997 ... 15 December 1997 ...
13 August 1960
...
/ 37
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Germany Switzerland Chad France Switzerland Germany Italy Egypt Chile Argentina Spain Germany Switzerland France Belgium/Luxembourg Malaysia Italy Venezuela Sweden Finland Denmark Norway Ecuador Brazil China Bolivia Croatia Czech Republic Portugal Romania Poland Paraguay Uruguay Ukraine Philippines United Kingdom Cuba Australia Greece Costa Rica 02 August 1991 02 October 1991 21 October 1991 11 November 1991 14 July 1992 15 July 1992 11 November 1992 08 March 1993 02 April 1993 24 May 1993 27 May 1993 28 May 1993 01 June 1993 27 October 1993 22 March 1994 23 March 1994 22 September 1994 28 November 1994 24 April 1995 28 April 1995 04 July 1995 05 July 1995 07 August 1995 26 October 1995 30 October 1995 20 November 1995 08 January 1996 10 January 1996 09 July 1996 10 July 1996 11 July 1996 01 January 1995 28 March 1994 ... ... 13 June 1994 ... 04 August 1995 08 February 1995 25 May 1995 30 December 1995 01 May 1996 03 November 1995 07 September 1994 02 January 1996 ... 01 August 1995 ... 15 June 1996 05 October 1996 24 February 1998 27 July 1997 ... 17 December 1997 22 April 1999 29 August 1997 06 August 1997 21 April 1997 ... ... ... ... 13 August 1960 21 February 1967 11 April 1967 11 June 1969 14 March 1998 ... 31 October 1967 23 November 1968 11 June 1969 ... Date of signature 23 August 1965 28 February 1973 Date of entry into force 21 January 1968 04 July 1973
/ 38
Country/territory Korea, Republic of El Salvador Guatemala Nicaragua Panama Honduras Hungary Austria Turkey Tunisia South Africa Netherlands Indonesia Viet Nam China Sweden Romania Germany France Belgium/Luxembourg Finland Norway Italy Thailand Denmark Netherlands Austria Singapore Kuwait Sri Lanka United Kingdom Switzerland Poland Australia Japan Malaysia New Zealand Pakistan Bulgaria Ghana Russian Federation Turkey
Date of signature 06 September 1996 08 November 1996 08 November 1996 08 November 1996 08 November 1996 11 November 1996 10 March 1997 08 September 1997 21 August 1998 23 October 1998 12 November 1998 30 November 1998 07 April 1999 16 September 1999
Date of entry into force ... 29 March 1997 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
29 March 1982 10 February 1983 07 October 1983 30 May 1984 04 June 1984 04 September 1984 21 November 1984 28 January 1985 12 March 1985 29 April 1985 17 June 1985 12 September 1985 21 November 1985 23 November 1985 13 March 1986 15 May 1986 12 November 1986 07 June 1988 11 July 1988 27 August 1988 21 November 1988 22 November 1988 12 February 1989 27 June 1989 12 October 1989 21 July 1990 13 November 1990
29 March 1982 10 February 1984 18 March 1985 19 March 1985 05 October 1986 26 January 1986 10 July 1985 28 August 1987 13 December 1985 29 April 1985 01 February 1987 11 October 1986 07 February 1986 24 December 1986 25 March 1987 15 May 1986 18 March 1987 08 January 1989 11 July 1988 14 May 1989 31 March 1990 25 March 1989 30 September 1990 21 August 1994 22 November 1990 26 July 1991 19 August 1994
/ 39
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Papua New Guinea Hungary Mongolia Czechoslovakia Portugal Spain Uzbekistan Bolivia Kyrgyzstan Greece Armenia Philippines Kazakhstan Korea, Republic of Ukraine Argentina Moldova, Republic of Turkmenistan Viet Nam Belarus Lao Peoples Democratic Republic Albania Tajikistan Georgia Croatia United Arab Emirates Estonia Slovenia Lithuania Uruguay Azerbaijan Ecuador Chile Iceland Egypt Peru Romania Jamaica Indonesia Oman Morocco Israel Cuba Date of signature 12 April 1991 29 May 1991 25 August 1991 04 December 1991 03 February 1992 06 February 1992 13 March 1992 08 May 1992 14 May 1992 25 June 1992 04 July 1992 20 July 1992 10 August 1992 30 September 1992 31 October 1992 05 November 1992 07 November 1992 21 November 1992 02 December 1992 11 January 1993 31 January 1993 13 February 1993 09 March 1993 03 June 1993 07 June 1993 01 July 1993 02 September 1993 13 September 1993 08 November 1993 02 December 1993 08 March 1994 21 March 1994 23 March 1994 31 March 1994 21 April 1994 09 June 1994 12 July 1994 26 October 1994 18 November 1994 18 March 1995 27 March 1995 10 April 1995 24 April 1995 Date of entry into force 12 February 1993 01 April 1993 01 November 1993 01 December 1992 01 December 1992 01 May 1993 14 April 1994 26 July 1992 01 September 1996 21 December 1993 18 March 1995 10 September 1995 13 August 1994 04 December 1992 29 May 1993 01 August 1994 01 March 1995 04 April 1996 01 September 1993 14 January 1995 01 June 1993 20 January 1994 20 January 1994 01 March 1995 01 July 1994 28 September 1994 01 June 1994 01 January 1995 01 June 1994 01 December 1997 01 April 1995 01 July 1997 01 August 1995 01 March 1997 01 April 1996 01 February 1995 01 September 1995 01 April 1996 01 April 1995 01 August 1995 ... ... ...
/ 40
Country/territory Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of Saudi Arabia Mauritius Zimbabwe Lebanon Zambia Cambodia Bangladesh Algeria Syrian Arab Republic Gabon Cameroon Nigeria Sudan Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Congo, Democratic Republic of the South Africa Yemen Qatar Cape Verde Ethiopia Barbados Qatar Bahrain Colombia United Kingdom Peru Cuba Spain Comoros Egypt Congo France Switzerland Germany
Date of signature
Date of entry into force
18 December 1995 29 February 1996 04 May 1996 21 May 1996 13 June 1996 21 June 1996 19 July 1996 12 September 1996 17 October 1996 09 December 1996 09 May 1997 10 May 1997 12 May 1997 30 May 1997 09 June 1997 18 December 1997 30 December 1997 16 February 1998 09 April 1998 27 April 1998 11 May 1998 20 July 1998 09 April 1999 17 June 1999
... 01 May 1997 08 June 1997 01 March 1998 10 July 1997 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 01 November 1997 ... 01 April 1998 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
09 March 1994 26 April 1994 16 July 1994 09 June 1995
... ... ... ...
13 November 1994
...
15 August 1960 18 October 1962 13 September 1965
... 11 July 1964 14 October 1967
/ 41
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory United Kingdom United States Italy Date of signature 25 May 1989 12 February 1990 17 March 1994 Date of entry into force 09 November 1990 13 August 1994 ...
Congo, Democratic Republic of the Germany Switzerland France Belgium/Luxembourgb United States Israel Korea, Republic of Greece China Egypt Costa Rica Switzerland United Kingdom France Germany Chile Spain Paraguay Canada Czech Republic Taiwan Province of China Netherlands Cte d'Ivoire Switzerland Netherlands Sweden Germany Italy Tunisia United Kingdom Ghana Belgium/Luxembourg 26 June 1962 26 April 1965 27 August 1965 27 October 1966 23 July 1969 16 May 1995 08 June 1995 04 November 1997 01 April 1999 18 November 1962 08 September 1966 03 November 1966 10 June 1968 ... ... 09 October 1997 ... ... 01 September 1965 07 September 1982 08 March 1984 13 September 1994 11 July 1996 08 July 1997 29 January 1998 18 March 1998 21 October 1998 25 March 1999 21 May 1999 18 August 1966 ... ... 24 March 1998 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 18 March 1969 10 March 1972 05 October 1972 28 March 1976 03 August 1984 14 May 1985 19 July 1990 26 April 1991 18 December 1997 18 December 1998 22 July 1971 10 May 1973 01 March 1975 01 January 1977 28 July 1989 ... ... ... ... ...
/ 42
Country/territory Croatia Sweden Albania China Romania Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Chile Argentina Malaysia Poland Portugal Slovakia Turkey Bosnia and Herzegovina Czech Republic Hungary Russian Federation France Bulgaria United States Greece Switzerland Italy Canada Austria Kuwait United Kingdom Germany Spain Egypt Slovenia Ukraine Netherlands Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of Finland Jordan Cuba Italy Russian Federation
Date of signature
10 November 1978 10 May 1993 07 June 1993 08 June 1994 06 July 1994 28 November 1994 02 December 1994 16 December 1994 21 February 1995 09 May 1995 12 February 1996 12 February 1996 26 February 1996 05 March 1996 15 May 1996 20 May 1996 03 June 1996 25 June 1996 13 July 1996 18 October 1996 30 October 1996 05 November 1996 03 February 1997 19 February 1997 08 March 1997 11 March 1997 21 March 1997 21 July 1997 27 October 1997 12 December 1997 15 December 1997 28 April 1998 18 August 1998 01 June 1999 10 October 1999
21 November 1979 16 April 1994 01 July 1994 09 September 1995 04 November 1995 15 June 1996 01 June 1996 19 July 1996 04 October 1995 27 November 1997 05 February 1997 21 April 1998 ... 15 May 1997 ... ... 05 March 1998 20 February 1998 ... 21 October 1998 ... 12 June 1998 ... ... 02 July 1998 16 April 1998 ... 17 September 1998 ... ... ... 01 June 1999 ... ... ...
07 May 1993 07 July 1993
23 August 1995 08 July 1996
/ 43
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Spain Colombia United Kingdom China Bolivia Ukraine Viet Nam Argentina South Africa Lebanon Chile Romania Barbados Germany Greece Switzerland Venezuela Slovakia France Lao People's Democratic Republic Ecuador Cape Verde Jamaica Brazil Namibia Indonesia Malaysia Turkey Belize Belgium/Luxembourg Portugal Bulgaria Suriname Panama Mongolia Trinidad and Tobago Guatemala Algeria Guyana Hungary Ghana Netherlands Dominican Republic Date of signature 27 May 1994 16 July 1994 30 January 1995 24 April 1995 06 May 1995 20 May 1995 12 October 1995 30 November 1995 08 December 1995 14 December 1995 10 January 1996 27 January 1996 19 February 1996 30 April 1996 18 June 1996 28 June 1996 11 December 1996 22 March 1997 25 April 1997 28 April 1997 06 May 1997 22 May 1997 31 May 1997 26 June 1997 27 June 1997 19 September 1997 26 September 1997 22 December 1997 08 April 1998 19 May 1998 08 July 1998 15 December 1998 07 January 1999 27 January 1999 26 March 1999 26 May 1999 20 August 1999 22 September 1999 22 October 1999 22 October 1999 02 November 1999 02 November 1999 11 November 1999 Date of entry into force 09 June 1995 ... 11 May 1995 ... ... 04 December 1996 01 October 1996 01 June 1997 07 April 1997 07 January 1999 ... 22 May 1997 13 August 1998 22 November 1998 18 October 1997 07 November 1997 ... 05 December 1997 ... 10 June 1998 01 June 1998 22 May 1997 ... ... ... ... ... ... 16 April 1999 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
/ 44
Country/territory Cyprus Bulgaria Hungary Belgium/Luxembourg Romania Greece Poland Armenia Russian Federation Seychelles Belarus Israel Egypt Czech Republicd Slovakia Hungary Slovenia Egypt Poland Australia Romania Portugal Tajikistan Thailand Peru Ukraine Russian Federation Albania Estonia Latvia Lithuania United Arab Emirates Philippines Singapore Chile Venezuela Kuwait Italy Croatia Ireland Malaysia
Date of signature
12 November 1987 24 May 1989 26 February 1991 26 July 1991 30 March 1992 04 June 1992 18 January 1995 11 April 1997 28 May 1998 29 May 1998 13 October 1998 21 October 1998
18 May 1988 25 May 1990 ... 10 July 1993 26 February 1993 01 July 1993 01 July 1996 ... 19 March 1999 03 September 1998 ... ...
23 November 1992 14 January 1993 04 May 1993 29 May 1993 16 July 1993 30 September 1993 08 November 1993 12 November 1993 11 February 1994 12 February 1994 16 March 1994 17 March 1994 05 April 1994 27 June 1994 24 October 1994 25 October 1994 27 October 1994 23 November 1994 05 April 1995 08 April 1995 24 April 1995 27 April 1995 08 January 1996 22 January 1996 05 March 1996 28 June 1996 09 September 1996
01 January 1993 25 May 1995 21 May 1994 04 June 1994 29 June 1994 29 June 1994 28 July 1994 03 August 1994 05 December 1995 04 May 1995 06 March 1995 02 November 1995 06 June 1996 07 July 1995 18 July 1995 01 August 1995 12 July 1995 25 December 1995 04 April 1996 08 October 1995 05 October 1996 23 July 1996 21 January 1997 01 November 1997 15 May 1997 01 August 1997 03 December 1998
/ 45
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Uruguay Argentina Kazakhstan India Belarus Tunisia Uzbekistan Lebanon Jordan Israel Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of Viet Nam Mongolia Korea, Democratic 's Peoples Republic of Indonesia Costa Rica Paraguay South Africa Bulgaria Mauritius Pakistan Moldova, Republic of Panama Zimbabwe El Salvador Czechoslovakiad Belgium/Luxembourgd United Kingdom Italy France Germany Switzerland Austria Finland Sweden Canada Spain Denmark Netherlands Norway 24 April 1989 10 July 1990 01 August 1990 13 September 1990 02 October 1990 05 October 1990 15 October 1990 06 November 1990 13 November 1990 15 November 1990 12 December 1990 06 March 1991 29 April 1991 21 May 1991 13 February 1992 26 October 1992 ... 27 September 1991 02 August 1992 07 August 1991 01 October 1991 23 October 1991 23 September 1991 09 March 1992 28 November 1991 19 September 1992 01 October 1992 06 August 1992 Date of signature 26 September 1996 27 September 1996 08 October 1996 11 October 1996 14 October 1996 06 January 1997 15 January 1997 19 September 1997 20 September 1997 23 September 1997 13 October 1997 25 November 1997 13 February 1998 27 February 1998 17 September 1998 21 October 1998 21 October 1998 14 December 1998 17 March 1999 05 April 1999 07 May 1999 12 May 1999 27 August 1999 13 September 1999 29 November 1999 Date of entry into force ... 23 July 1998 02 April 1998 06 February 1998 09 April 1998 08 July 1998 06 April 1998 ... ... 16 March 1999 ... 09 July 1998 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
/ 46
Country/territory Greece Australia Thailand United States China Korea, Republic of Turkey Denmark Indonesia Romania China Sri Lanka Hungary Korea, Republic of Turkey Poland Russian Federation Czechoslovakia Estonia Malaysia Ghana Latvia Lithuania Ukraine Argentina Bulgaria Paraguay Chile Viet Nam Russian Federation Hong Kong, China Romania Peru Venezuela Bolivia Mongolia Nicaragua Brazil Albania India South Africa Tunisia
Date of signature 03 June 1991 29 July 1991 16 October 1991 22 October 1991 04 December 1991 27 April 1992 30 April 1992
Date of entry into force 31 December 1992 ... ... 19 December 1992 01 December 1992 16 March 1995 01 August 1997
30 January 1968 12 November 1980 29 April 1985 04 June 1985 02 May 1988 02 June 1988 07 February 1990 01 May 1990 01 May 1990 06 March 1991 06 November 1991 06 January 1992 13 January 1992 30 March 1992 30 March 1992 23 October 1992 06 November 1992 14 April 1993 22 April 1993 28 May 1993 23 July 1993 04 November 1993 02 February 1994 14 June 1994 23 November 1994 28 November 1994 12 March 1995 13 March 1995 13 March 1995 04 May 1995 05 September 1995 06 September 1995 22 February 1996 28 June 1996
02 July 1968 09 April 1981 29 April 1985 04 June 1985 18 October 1988 02 June 1988 01 August 1992 30 October 1990 ... 19 September 1992 24 February 1993 18 September 1992 06 January 1995 18 November 1994 08 January 1993 29 April 1994 02 February 1995 20 May 1995 ... 03 November 1995 07 August 1994 26 August 1996 04 March 1994 24 August 1995 17 February 1995 19 September 1996 22 March 1997 02 April 1996 26 January 1996 ... ... 28 August 1996 23 April 1997 11 April 1997
/ 47
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Pakistan Korea, Democratic People's Republic of Zimbabwe Philippines Lao People's Democratic Republic Algeria Tanzania, United Republic of Slovenia Egypt Djibouti Egypt Malaysia Dominica Germany United Kingdom Dominican Republic Spain Ecuador France Haiti Cuba Ecuador Germany Switzerland Uruguay Egypt United States Chile Venezuela Paraguay Argentina China United Kingdom 28 May 1965 02 May 1968 31 July 1985 19 April 1992 27 August 1993 27 October 1993 18 November 1993 28 January 1994 18 February 1994 21 March 1994 10 May 1994 30 November 1966 09 November 1969 31 July 1985 ... 11 May 1997 02 January 1996 01 February 1995 18 September 1995 01 December 1995 01 July 1997 24 August 1995 16 March 1995 26 June 1998 14 January 1999 08 October 1999 11 November 1999 07 October 1996 ... ... ... ... 01 October 1984 23 January 1987 11 May 1986 23 January 1987 21 July 1998 03 August 1998 ... ... Date of signature 18 July 1996 10 September 1996 25 October 1996 25 September 1997 09 September 1998 25 January 1999 22 April 1999 12 May 1999 24 June 1999 Date of entry into force 25 September 1996 25 December 1997 02 February 1999 19 April 1998 09 May 1999 ... ... ... ...
/ 48
Country/territory El Salvador France Bolivia Germany Romania Russian Federation Canada Spain Cuba Dominican Republic Peru Netherlands Egypt Kuwait Switzerland Germany France United Kingdom Morocco Netherlands Japan Belgium/Luxembourg Sudan Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of Sweden Finland Oman United States United Arab Emirates Yemen Italy Saudi Arabia Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Tunisia Ecuador Argentina Spain Uzbekistan Ukraine Kazakhstan Albania
Date of signature 16 May 1994 07 September 1994 25 May 1995 21 March 1996 21 March 1996 25 April 1996 29 April 1996 26 June 1996 06 May 1997 26 June 1998 07 April 1999 27 June 1999
Date of entry into force 14 January 1996 17 June 1996 15 August 1997 12 February 1999 18 July 1997 ... 06 June 1997 18 June 1997 01 June 1998 ... ... ...
02 May 1966 25 July 1973 05 July 1974 22 December 1974 11 June 1975 03 June 1976 30 October 1976 28 January 1977 28 February 1977 28 May 1977 03 June 1977 15 July 1978 05 May 1980 28 April 1985 11 March 1986 19 June 1988 19 October 1988 02 March 1989 13 March 1990 03 December 1990 08 December 1990 19 April 1992 11 May 1992 03 November 1992 16 December 1992 21 December 1992 14 February 1993 22 May 1993
09 August 1966 04 June 1974 22 July 1978 01 October 1975 24 February 1976 07 September 1978 01 January 1978 14 January 1978 20 September 1978 14 March 1978 20 March 1979 29 January 1979 22 January 1982 09 October 1985 27 June 1992 ... 03 March 1990 01 May 1994 15 September 1992 04 July 1991 02 January 1991 ... 03 December 1993 26 April 1994 08 February 1994 10 October 1993 ... 06 April 1994
/ 49
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Czech Republic Greece Indonesia China Comoros Romania Armenia Hungary Turkmenistan Poland Uganda Netherlands Sri Lanka Lebanon Korea, Republic of Jordan Turkey Canada Belarus Algeria India Malaysia Morocco Singapore Latvia Syrian Arab Republic Slovakia Tanzania, United Republic of Viet Nam Russian Federation Bahrain Croatia Gabon Niger Senegal Guinea Mali Bosnia and Herzegovina Ghana Chad Bulgaria Oman Palestine Authority Date of signature 29 May 1993 16 July 1993 19 January 1994 21 April 1994 13 November 1994 24 November 1994 09 January 1995 23 May 1995 23 May 1995 01 July 1995 04 November 1995 17 January 1996 11 March 1996 16 March 1996 18 March 1996 08 May 1996 04 October 1996 13 November 1996 20 March 1997 29 March 1997 09 April 1997 14 April 1997 14 April 1997 15 April 1997 24 April 1997 28 April 1997 30 April 1997 30 April 1997 06 September 1997 23 September 1997 04 October 1997 27 October 1997 22 December 1997 04 March 1998 05 March 1998 06 March 1998 09 March 1998 11 March 1998 11 March 1998 14 March 1998 15 March 1998 25 March 1998 28 April 1998 Date of entry into force 04 June 1994 06 April 1995 29 November 1994 01 April 1996 ... 03 April 1996 ... 21 August 1997 28 February 1996 17 January 1998 ... 01 March 1998 10 March 1998 06 February 1997 25 May 1997 ... ... 03 November 1997 ... ... ... ... ... 01 March 1998 03 June 1998 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
/ 50
Country/territory Djibouti Cyprus Slovenia South Africa Mozambique Congo, Democratic Republic of the Jamaica Malta Belgium/Luxembourg Portugal Zimbabwe Denmark Georgia El Salvador France Ecuador Switzerland Spain Argentina Peru Taiwan Province of China Chile Germany Paraguay Korea, Republic of Nicaragua United States Morocco Canada Belgium/Luxembourg Netherlands Czech Republic Equatorial Guinea France Eritrea Italy
Date of signature 21 July 1998 21 October 1998 28 October 1998 28 October 1998 08 December 1998 18 December 1998 10 February 1999 20 February 1999 28 February 1999 29 April 1999 02 June 1999 24 June 1999 10 August 1999
Date of entry into force ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
20 September 1978 16 May 1994 08 December 1994 14 February 1995 09 May 1996 13 June 1996 30 August 1996 08 November 1996 11 December 1997 30 January 1998 07 July 1998 23 January 1999 10 March 1999 21 April 1999 31 May 1999 12 October 1999 12 October 1999 29 November 1999
12 December 1992 14 January 1996 16 September 1996 20 February 1996 08 January 1999 15 December 1996 25 February 1997 29 March 1997 03 April 1998 08 November 1998 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
03 March 1982
23 September 1983
06 February 1996
...
/ 51
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Estoniaa Denmark Finland Sweden France Norway Netherlands Germany Switzerland Poland China Israel United States United Kingdom Austria Czech Republic Ukraine Lithuania Belgium/Luxembourg Latvia Italy Greece Turkey Spain Ethiopia Germany Italy Kuwait China Switzerland Malaysia Yemen Finland Egypt Bulgaria China Malaysia Sri Lanka Hungary 05 May 1980 16 February 1984 04 September 1984 15 April 1985 27 April 1985 06 June 1988 22 January 1982 16 July 1985 26 January 1986 03 January 1988 25 October 1987 12 May 1989 21 April 1964 23 December 1994 14 September 1996 11 May 1998 26 June 1998 22 October 1998 15 April 1999 ... 08 May 1997 ... ... 07 December 1998 ... ... 06 November 1991 13 February 1992 31 March 1992 14 May 1992 15 June 1992 27 October 1992 12 November 1992 21 December 1992 06 May 1993 02 September 1993 14 March 1994 19 April 1994 12 May 1994 16 May 1994 24 October 1994 15 February 1995 07 September 1995 24 January 1996 07 February 1996 20 March 1997 17 April 1997 03 June 1997 11 November 1997 24 February 1993 02 December 1992 20 May 1992 25 September 1995 15 June 1992 01 September 1993 12 January 1997 18 August 1993 06 August 1993 01 June 1994 23 May 1995 16 February 1997 16 December 1994 01 October 1995 18 July 1995 05 July 1995 20 June 1996 11 December 1996 23 May 1996 ... 07 July 1998 ... 01 July 1998 Date of signature Date of entry into force
/ 52
Country/territory Russian Federation Poland Czechoslovakia Estonia Latvia Romania Ukraine Lithuania Kazakhstan Uzbekistan Belarus Turkey Chile Viet Nam Korea, Republic of Argentina Thailand Brazil Peru Moldova, Republic of Kuwait United Arab Emirates Indonesia Poland Albania Lebanon Oman Bulgaria Philippines Slovenia South Africa Mexico Croatia France Chad Central African Republic Congo Tunisia Congo, Democratic Republic of the Mauritius Indonesia
Date of signature 08 February 1989 05 April 1990 06 November 1990 13 February 1992 05 March 1992 26 March 1992 14 May 1992 12 June 1992 29 September 1992 01 October 1992 28 October 1992 13 May 1993 27 May 1993 13 September 1993 21 October 1993 05 November 1993 18 March 1994 28 March 1995 02 May 1995 25 August 1995 10 March 1996 12 March 1996 13 March 1996 25 November 1996 24 June 1997 25 August 1997 27 September 1997 03 October 1997 25 March 1998 01 June 1998 14 September 1998 22 February 1999 01 June 1999
Date of entry into force 15 August 1991 21 February 1991 23 October 1991 02 December 1992 07 December 1992 06 January 1993 30 January 1994 08 January 1993 14 February 1998 22 October 1993 11 December 1994 12 April 1995 01 May 1996 02 May 1996 11 May 1996 03 May 1996 18 May 1996 ... 14 June 1996 21 June 1997 21 May 1997 15 May 1997 07 June 1997 11 March 1998 20 February 1999 ... 20 February 1999 16 April 1999 16 April 1999 ... ... ... ...
11 August 1960 13 August 1960 15 August 1960 30 June 1972 05 October 1972 22 March 1973 14 June 1973
... ... ... 30 June 1972 01 March 1975 01 March 1974 29 April 1975
/ 53
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Gabon Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of Senegal Egypt Malaysia Morocco Singapore Philippines Malta Romania Syrian Arab Republic Korea, Republic of Jordan Sudan El Salvador Paraguay Liberia Sri Lanka Equatorial Guinea Panama Nepal Pakistan Israel Costa Rica Yemen Haiti China Bangladesh Hungary Poland Bulgaria Russian Federation Kuwait Bolivia Lao People's Democratic Republic Nigeria Czechoslovakia Argentina United Arab Emirates Mongolia Lithuania Estonia Date of signature 12 February 1974 28 March 1974 29 March 1974 22 December 1974 24 April 1975 15 July 1975 08 September 1975 14 June 1976 11 August 1976 16 December 1976 28 November 1977 28 December 1977 23 February 1978 31 July 1978 20 September 1978 30 November 1978 23 March 1979 10 April 1980 03 March 1982 05 November 1982 02 May 1983 01 June 1983 09 June 1983 08 March 1984 27 April 1984 23 May 1984 30 May 1984 10 September 1985 06 November 1986 14 February 1989 05 April 1989 04 July 1989 27 September 1989 25 October 1989 12 December 1989 27 February 1990 13 September 1990 03 July 1991 09 September 1991 08 November 1991 23 April 1992 14 May 1992 Date of entry into force ... 03 March 1975 ... 01 October 1975 01 September 1976 13 December 1976 18 October 1976 01 July 1976 01 January 1978 01 August 1978 01 March 1979 01 March 1979 18 October 1979 05 July 1980 12 December 1992 11 December 1980 22 January 1982 19 April 1982 23 September 1983 09 October 1985 13 June 1985 14 December 1984 11 January 1985 ... 19 July 1991 25 March 1985 19 March 1985 03 October 1986 30 September 1987 10 February 1990 01 May 1990 18 July 1991 16 May 1991 12 October 1996 08 March 1991 19 August 1991 27 September 1991 03 March 1993 10 January 1995 22 December 1993 27 March 1995 25 September 1995
/ 54
Country/territory Latvia Viet Nam Chile Kazakhstan Jamaica Algeria Peru Uruguay Uzbekistan Belarus Trinidad and Tobago Turkmenistan Ukraine Kyrgyzstan Ecuador Philippines Oman Brazil Romania Albania South Africa Armenia Hong Kong, China Morocco Croatia Qatar Lebanon Georgia Cuba India Moldova, Republic of Tunisia Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Kazakhstan Slovenia Nicaragua Honduras Guatemala Namibia Azerbaijan Mexico Dominican Republic Ghana
Date of signature 15 May 1992 26 May 1992 14 July 1992 23 September 1992 25 January 1993 13 February 1993 06 October 1993 14 October 1993 27 October 1993 28 October 1993 28 October 1993 28 April 1994 03 May 1994 02 June 1994 07 September 1994 13 September 1994 17 October 1994 21 March 1995 21 March 1995 13 June 1995 11 October 1995 04 November 1995 30 November 1995 13 January 1996 03 June 1996 08 September 1996 28 November 1996 03 February 1997 25 April 1997 02 September 1997 08 September 1997 20 October 1997 28 January 1998 03 February 1998 11 February 1998 13 February 1998 27 April 1998 27 May 1998 25 June 1998 01 September 1998 12 November 1998 14 January 1999 26 March 1999
Date of entry into force 01 October 1994 10 August 1994 13 June 1994 ... 15 September 1994 ... 04 July 1996 04 July 1997 15 June 1996 ... 16 May 1996 02 May 1996 26 January 1996 10 August 1997 17 June 1996 13 June 1996 04 July 1996 ... 21 June 1996 16 June 1996 22 June 1997 21 June 1997 30 May 1997 ... 05 March 1998 ... ... ... ... ... ... 18 January 1999 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
/ 55
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Gabon Italy Germany Switzerland France Morocco Romania Spain China Egypt Belgium/Luxembourg Germany Gambia Switzerland Georgiaa Turkey China Belgium/Luxembourg Germany United States Greece Ukraine Bulgaria United Kingdom Israel Uzbekistan Iran, Islamic Republic of Azerbaijan Turkmenistan Armenia Kazakhstan France Kyrgyzstan Italy Moldova, Republic of Romania Netherlands Egypt 30 July 1992 03 June 1993 23 June 1993 25 June 1993 07 March 1994 09 November 1994 09 January 1995 19 January 1995 15 February 1995 19 June 1995 04 September 1995 26 September 1995 08 March 1996 20 March 1996 04 June 1996 17 September 1996 03 February 1997 22 April 1997 15 May 1997 05 December 1997 11 December 1997 03 February 1998 10 August 1999 28 July 1993 01 March 1995 ... 27 September 1998 17 August 1997 03 August 1996 24 April 1995 ... 15 February 1995 18 February 1997 ... ... 10 July 1996 21 November 1996 ... ... ... 28 October 1997 ... ... 12 June 1998 ... ... 22 November 1993 30 March 1994 18 November 1968 16 May 1969 28 January 1972 12 February 1974 13 January 1979 11 April 1979 02 March 1995 09 May 1997 22 December 1997 27 May 1998 15 September 1998 ... 29 March 1971 18 October 1972 ... 07 November 1979 18 September 1982 ... ... ... ... ... Date of signature Date of entry into force
/ 56
Country/territory Germany Pakistan Malaysia Greece Togo Morocco Liberia Thailand Guinea Turkey Cameroon Madagascar Sudan Sri Lanka Tunisia Senegal Korea, Republic of Ethiopia Niger Tanzania, United Republic of Sierra Leone Ecuador Central African Republic Congo Iran, Islamic Republic of Cte d'Ivoire Uganda Zambia Chad Rwanda Indonesia Congo, Democratic Republic of the Gabon Mauritius Haiti Singapore Yemen Egypt Jordan Malta Israel
Date of signature
25 November 1959 22 December 1960 27 March 1961 16 May 1961 31 August 1961 12 December 1961 13 December 1961 19 April 1962 20 June 1962 29 June 1962 21 September 1962 07 February 1963 08 November 1963 20 December 1963 24 January 1964 04 February 1964 21 April 1964 29 October 1964 30 January 1965 08 April 1965 28 June 1965 23 August 1965 13 September 1965 11 November 1965 27 October 1966 29 November 1966 10 December 1966 11 April 1967 18 May 1967 08 November 1968 18 March 1969 16 May 1969 25 May 1971 14 August 1973 03 October 1973 21 June 1974 05 July 1974 15 July 1974 17 September 1974 24 June 1976
28 April 1962 06 July 1963 15 July 1963 21 December 1964 21 January 1968 22 October 1967 10 April 1965 13 March 1965 16 December 1965 21 November 1963 21 March 1966 24 November 1967 07 December 1966 06 February 1966 16 January 1966 15 January 1967 ... 10 January 1966 12 July 1968 10 December 1966 30 November 1966 21 January 1968 14 October 1967 06 April 1968 10 June 1968 19 August 1968 25 August 1972 23 November 1968 28 February 1969 19 April 1971 22 July 1971 29 March 1971 27 August 1973 01 December 1975 01 October 1975 19 December 1978 22 July 1978 10 October 1977 14 December 1975 ...
/ 57
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Mali Syrian Arab Republic Benin Oman Romania Portugal Papua New Guinea Bangladesh Somalia Lesotho Mauritania China Panama Burundi Dominica Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Bulgaria Hungary Nepal Bolivia Uruguay Russian Federation Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of Poland Guyana Cape Verde Swaziland Czechoslovakia Argentina Mongolia Chile Albania Lithuania Kazakhstan Jamaica Estonia Ukraine Belarus Viet Nam Latvia Uzbekistan Date of signature 28 June 1977 02 August 1977 29 June 1978 25 June 1979 12 October 1979 16 September 1980 12 November 1980 06 May 1981 27 November 1981 11 November 1982 08 December 1982 07 October 1983 02 November 1983 10 September 1984 01 October 1984 16 March 1985 25 March 1986 12 April 1986 30 April 1986 20 October 1986 23 March 1987 04 May 1987 13 June 1989 10 July 1989 10 November 1989 06 December 1989 18 January 1990 05 April 1990 02 October 1990 09 April 1991 26 June 1991 21 October 1991 31 October 1991 28 February 1992 22 September 1992 24 September 1992 12 November 1992 15 February 1993 02 April 1993 03 April 1993 20 April 1993 28 April 1993 Date of entry into force 16 May 1980 20 April 1980 18 July 1985 04 February 1986 10 January 1981 23 April 1982 03 November 1983 14 September 1986 15 February 1985 17 August 1985 26 April 1986 18 March 1985 10 March 1989 09 December 1987 11 May 1986 22 July 1987 08 January 1989 10 March 1988 07 November 1987 07 July 1988 09 November 1990 29 June 1990 05 August 1991 26 October 1990 24 February 1991 08 March 1994 15 December 1993 07 August 1995 02 August 1992 08 November 1993 23 June 1996 ... 18 August 1995 27 June 1997 10 May 1995 29 May 1996 12 January 1997 29 June 1996 23 September 1996 19 September 1998 09 June 1996 23 May 1998
/ 58
Country/territory Georgia Paraguay Slovenia Namibia Moldova, Republic of Kuwait Costa Rica Barbados Peru Ghana Honduras India South Africa Brazil Zimbabwe Armenia Azerbaijan Hong Kong, China Algeria Ecuador Cuba Kenya Nicaragua Venezuela Qatar Romania Lao People's Democratic Republic Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Burkina Faso Saudi Arabia Lebanon Croatia Philippines United Arab Emirates Kyrgyzstan Turkmenistan El Salvador Brunei Darussalam Mexico Gabon Antigua and Barbuda Cambodia
Date of signature 25 June 1993 11 August 1993 28 October 1993 21 January 1994 28 February 1994 30 March 1994 13 September 1994 02 December 1994 30 January 1995 24 February 1995 21 March 1995 10 July 1995 11 September 1995 21 September 1995 29 September 1995 21 December 1995 22 December 1995 31 January 1996 11 March 1996 21 March 1996 30 April 1996 03 May 1996 06 May 1996 14 May 1996 14 June 1996 25 June 1996 09 August 1996 10 September 1996 22 October 1996 29 October 1996 18 March 1997 21 March 1997 18 April 1997 21 June 1997 28 August 1997 28 August 1997 11 December 1997 30 March 1998 25 August 1998 15 September 1998 05 November 1998 15 February 1999
Date of entry into force 27 September 1998 03 July 1998 18 July 1998 21 December 1997 ... 15 November 1997 24 March 1998 ... 01 May 1997 23 November 1998 27 May 1998 13 July 1998 10 April 1998 ... ... ... 29 July 1998 19 February 1998 ... 12 February 1999 22 November 1998 ... ... 16 October 1998 19 January 1999 12 December 1998 24 March 1999 ... ... 09 January 1999 25 March 1999 ... ... ... 06 September 1998 ... 03 April 1998 ... ... ... 05 November 1998 ...
/ 59
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Ghana United Kingdom Netherlands Romania China Bulgaria Switzerland Denmark Germany Malaysia Cte d'Ivoire Egypt Italy South Africa France Cuba Greece Germany Hungary Congo, Democratic Republic of the Czechoslovakia Albania Romania Cyprus China Poland Tunisia Bulgaria Armenia Russian Federation Egypt Morocco Ukraine Georgia Korea, Republic of Latvia Cuba Chile Lithuania Croatia 27 March 1961 26 May 1989 26 April 1991 03 June 1991 01 August 1991 16 September 1991 30 March 1992 25 June 1992 14 October 1992 31 October 1992 12 March 1993 25 May 1993 30 June 1993 16 July 1993 16 February 1994 01 September 1994 09 November 1994 25 January 1995 20 July 1995 18 June 1996 10 July 1996 19 July 1996 18 October 1996 15 July 1963 01 February 1992 ... 31 December 1992 04 January 1995 21 October 1992 26 February 1993 21 December 1993 20 February 1995 21 April 1995 29 April 1995 28 April 1995 23 February 1997 06 April 1995 ... 04 January 1997 03 August 1996 04 November 1995 09 February 1998 18 October 1997 ... 10 July 1997 21 October 1998 22 March 1989 31 March 1989 14 September 1989 12 October 1989 20 October 1989 08 October 1991 13 January 1992 24 February 1995 08 November 1996 04 November 1997 11 March 1998 25 June 1998 09 July 1998 26 March 1999 02 November 1999 25 October 1991 01 July 1991 ... 22 November 1990 ... 16 June 1993 06 January 1995 23 November 1998 18 April 1997 ... ... ... ... ... ... Date of signature Date of entry into force
/ 60
Country/territory Uzbekistan Estonia Romania Slovenia Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of Lebanon Moldova, Republic of Argentina Grenada United States United Kingdom Guatemala Chile Argentina France Cuba Guinea Germany Switzerland Italy Tunisia Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of Malaysia Egypt Guinea-Bissau Portugal Guyana United Kingdom Germany Cuba
Date of signature 01 April 1997 17 April 1997 23 May 1997 29 May 1997 25 June 1997 24 July 1997 23 March 1998 26 October 1999
Date of entry into force 08 May 1998 07 July 1998 11 June 1998 ... 08 May 1998 ... ... ...
02 May 1986 25 February 1988
03 March 1989 25 February 1988
08 November 1996 21 April 1998 27 May 1998 20 August 1999
... ... ... ...
19 April 1962 26 April 1962 20 February 1964 18 November 1990 22 October 1996 07 November 1996 06 March 1998
13 March 1965 29 July 1963 20 February 1964 ... 15 July 1998 24 February 1997 ...
24 June 1991
08 April 1996
27 October 1989 06 December 1989 22 October 1999
11 April 1990 08 March 1994 ...
/ 61
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Haiti Germany United States France United Kingdom Dominican Republic Honduras Switzerland United Kingdom Spain Germany United States Taiwan Province of China Chile France Hong Kong, China Netherlands Australia Denmark Sweden Switzerland New Zealand Italy France Germany Belgium/Luxembourg Austria Japan Korea, Republic of United Kingdom Hungary Germany Belgium/Luxembourg France Italy United Kingdom Sweden 30 April 1986 14 May 1986 06 November 1986 17 February 1987 09 March 1987 21 April 1987 07 November 1987 23 September 1988 30 September 1987 23 February 1990 28 August 1987 21 April 1987 19 November 1992 15 September 1993 02 February 1994 27 May 1994 22 September 1994 06 July 1995 28 November 1995 30 November 1995 31 January 1996 07 October 1996 11 October 1996 15 May 1997 30 June 1997 30 July 1998 01 September 1993 15 October 1993 04 March 1994 26 June 1994 22 October 1994 05 August 1995 02 February 1998 30 May 1997 19 February 1998 ... 01 January 1998 18 June 1997 30 July 1997 12 April 1999 14 October 1993 07 December 1993 18 March 1994 21 March 1995 01 July 1995 26 February 1996 11 November 1996 27 April 1998 ... 08 March 1995 23 May 1996 27 May 1998 ... ... ... ... 14 August 1973 13 December 1983 23 May 1984 18 March 1985 08 October 1999 01 December 1975 ... 25 March 1985 27 March 1995 ... Date of signature Date of entry into force
/ 62
Country/territory Netherlands Denmark Austria Finland Switzerland Korea, Republic of Cyprus Greece Uruguay Kuwait Spain Norway Israel China Australia Canada Thailand Morocco Turkey Portugal Indonesia Poland Czech Republic Slovakia Argentina Malaysia Paraguay Romania Bulgaria Viet Nam Mongolia Ukraine Kazakhstan Russian Federation Moldova, Republic of Egypt Albania Croatia Slovenia Chile Singapore Lithuania Latvia Yemen
Date of signature 02 September 1987 02 May 1988 26 May 1988 06 June 1988 05 October 1988 28 December 1988 24 May 1989 26 May 1989 25 August 1989 08 November 1989 09 November 1989 08 April 1991 14 May 1991 29 May 1991 15 August 1991 03 October 1991 18 October 1991 12 December 1991 14 January 1992 28 February 1992 20 May 1992 23 September 1992 14 January 1993 15 January 1993 05 February 1993 19 February 1993 11 August 1993 16 September 1993 08 June 1994 26 August 1994 13 September 1994 11 October 1994 07 December 1994 06 March 1995 19 April 1995 23 May 1995 24 January 1996 15 May 1996 15 October 1996 10 March 1997 17 April 1997 25 May 1999 10 June 1999 12 October 1999
Date of entry into force 01 June 1988 18 October 1988 01 September 1989 12 May 1989 16 May 1989 01 February 1989 25 May 1990 01 February 1992 01 July 1992 01 March 1994 01 August 1992 04 December 1992 14 September 1992 01 April 1993 10 May 1992 21 November 1993 18 October 1991 ... 01 March 1995 08 October 1997 13 February 1996 16 June 1995 25 May 1995 19 July 1996 01 October 1997 08 July 1995 01 April 1995 06 May 1996 07 September 1995 16 June 1995 29 August 1995 03 December 1996 03 March 1996 29 May 1996 19 August 1996 21 August 1997 01 April 1998 ... ... ... 01 January 1999 ... ... ...
/ 63
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Cuba Iceland China Latvia India United Kingdom Russian Federation Germany Malaysia Denmark Turkmenistan Netherlands Italy Tajikistan Israel Korea, Republic of Poland Czech Republic Kazakhstan Sri Lanka Viet Nam Oman Switzerland Egypt Kyrgyzstan France Spain Belgium/Luxembourg Romania Mauritius Turkey Bulgaria Indonesia Zimbabwe Morocco Australia Qatar Uzbekistan Argentina Austria 14 March 1994 23 December 1994 10 July 1995 01 August 1995 06 September 1995 20 September 1995 06 November 1995 23 November 1995 13 December 1995 29 January 1996 26 February 1996 07 October 1996 11 October 1996 09 December 1996 22 January 1997 08 March 1997 02 April 1997 04 April 1997 09 April 1997 16 May 1997 02 September 1997 30 September 1997 31 October 1997 17 November 1997 04 September 1998 17 September 1998 29 October 1998 10 February 1999 10 February 1999 13 February 1999 26 February 1999 07 April 1999 18 May 1999 20 August 1999 08 November 1999 06 January 1995 05 August 1996 13 July 1998 ... 28 August 1996 ... 01 December 1996 26 March 1998 ... 18 February 1997 07 May 1996 31 December 1997 06 February 1998 ... 13 February 1998 ... ... ... ... 10 April 1998 ... 15 December 1998 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 31 March 1994 11 June 1998 01 March 1997 01 May 1999 Date of signature 22 October 1999 Date of entry into force ...
/ 64
Country/territory Indonesia Denmark Netherlands Germany Belgium/Luxembourgb France Switzerland United Kingdom Singapore Korea, Republic of Italy Viet Nam Norway Tunisia Hungary Sweden Poland Australia Egypt Malaysia Netherlands Turkmenistan Slovakia Lao People's Democratic Republic China Spain Kyrgyzstan Suriname Argentina Pakistan Finland Ukraine Sri Lanka Uzbekistan Jordan Turkey Mongolia Mauritius Morocco Romania Syrian Arab Republic Cuba
Date of signature
30 January 1968 07 July 1968 08 November 1968 15 January 1970 14 June 1973 06 February 1974 27 April 1976 28 August 1990 16 February 1991 25 April 1991 25 October 1991 26 November 1991 13 May 1992 20 May 1992 17 September 1992 07 October 1992 17 November 1992 19 January 1994 22 January 1994 06 April 1994 02 June 1994 12 July 1994 18 October 1994 18 November 1994 30 May 1995 19 July 1995 28 October 1995 07 November 1995 08 March 1996 13 March 1996 11 April 1996 10 June 1996 27 August 1996 12 November 1996 25 February 1997 04 March 1997 05 March 1997 14 March 1997 27 June 1997 27 June 1997 19 September 1997
02 July 1968 17 July 1971 19 April 1971 17 June 1972 29 April 1975 09 April 1976 24 March 1977 28 August 1990 10 March 1994 25 June 1995 03 April 1994 01 October 1994 12 September 1992 13 February 1996 18 February 1993 01 July 1993 29 July 1993 29 November 1994 15 June 1994 01 July 1995 ... 01 March 1995 14 October 1995 01 April 1995 12 February 1997 23 April 1997 ... ... 03 December 1996 07 June 1997 22 June 1997 ... 27 April 1997 ... ... 13 April 1999 29 August 1998 ... ... ... ...
/ 65
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Bangladesh Sudan Thailand Yemen Czech Republic India Jamaica Zimbabwe Cambodia Mozambique Chile Iran, Islamic Republic of Germany Armenia Moldova, Republic of Belarus Tajikistan Georgia Philippines Pakistan Kazakhstan Turkmenistan Yemen Ukraine Bosnia and Herzegovina Kyrgyzstan Zimbabwe Azerbaijan Turkey Lebanon South Africa Syrian Arab Republic Switzerland Poland Korea, Republic of Bulgaria Italy Zimbabwe Qatar Sudan Austria 11 November 1965 06 May 1995 31 May 1995 14 July 1995 18 July 1995 27 September 1995 08 October 1995 08 November 1995 16 January 1996 23 January 1996 29 February 1996 21 May 1996 27 July 1996 31 July 1996 21 September 1996 28 October 1996 21 December 1996 28 October 1997 03 November 1997 05 February 1998 08 March 1998 02 October 1998 31 October 1998 13 November 1998 10 March 1999 09 May 1999 20 May 1999 07 September 1999 21 September 1999 06 April 1968 26 February 1997 ... ... ... ... ... 27 June 1998 03 April 1999 ... ... ... ... 31 July 1996 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Date of signature 09 February 1998 10 February 1998 17 February 1998 20 February 1998 17 September 1998 10 February 1999 10 February 1999 10 February 1999 16 March 1999 26 March 1999 07 April 1999 Date of entry into force 22 April 1999 ... 05 November 1998 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
/ 66
Country/territory Iraq Kuwait Morocco Ireland Czech Republic Israel Germany France Congo, Democratic Republic of the Hungary Poland Romania Bulgaria Latvia Estonia Ukraine Uzbekistan Lithuania China Turkmenistan Georgia Argentina Kazakhstan Albania India Turkey Moldova, Republic of Czech Republic Uruguay Slovenia Romania Cyprus Korea, Republic of Italy Guinea Malta
Date of signature
25 October 1964 18 July 1990
07 June 1966 ...
28 June 1996
01 August 1997
24 June 1976 09 June 1983 14 May 1985 14 May 1991 22 May 1991 02 September 1991 06 December 1993 27 February 1994 14 March 1994 16 June 1994 04 July 1994 02 October 1994 10 April 1995 24 May 1995 19 June 1995 23 July 1995 27 December 1995 29 January 1996 29 January 1996 14 March 1996 22 June 1997 23 September 1997 30 March 1998 13 May 1998 03 August 1998 13 October 1998 07 February 1999
... 11 January 1985 ... 14 September 1992 06 May 1992 26 August 1992 17 December 1996 09 May 1995 23 May 1995 18 February 1997 18 February 1997 11 July 1996 ... 18 February 1997 18 February 1997 10 April 1997 19 February 1997 18 February 1997 18 February 1997 27 August 1998 16 March 1999 16 March 1999 ... ... ... ... ...
20 February 1964 28 July 1967
20 February 1964 15 October 1973
/ 67
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Gabon Chad Cte d'Ivoire Romania China Tunisia Hungary Sri Lanka Kuwait Malaysia Philippines Bulgaria Korea, Republic of Egypt Poland Russian Federation Uruguay Bangladesh Bolivia Viet Nam Argentina Venezuela Morocco Czechoslovakia Romania Indonesia Algeria Albania Mongolia Chile Cuba Oman Jamaica Russian Federation Congo Peru Kazakhstan Lithuania Ethiopia United Arab Emirates Turkey Brazil Ukraine Belarus Date of signature 18 November 1968 11 June 1969 23 July 1969 14 January 1977 28 January 1985 17 October 1985 17 February 1987 25 March 1987 17 December 1987 04 January 1988 17 June 1988 05 December 1988 10 January 1989 02 March 1989 10 May 1989 30 November 1989 21 February 1990 20 March 1990 30 April 1990 18 May 1990 22 May 1990 05 June 1990 18 July 1990 01 August 1990 06 December 1990 25 April 1991 18 May 1991 12 September 1991 15 January 1993 08 March 1993 07 May 1993 23 June 1993 29 September 1993 27 January 1994 17 March 1994 05 May 1994 22 September 1994 01 December 1994 23 December 1994 22 January 1995 22 March 1995 03 April 1995 02 May 1995 25 July 1995 Date of entry into force ... 11 June 1969 ... ... 28 August 1987 24 June 1989 23 February 1990 20 March 1990 21 May 1990 25 October 1990 04 November 1993 27 December 1990 26 June 1992 01 May 1994 10 January 1993 08 July 1991 02 March 1998 20 September 1994 22 February 1992 06 May 1994 14 October 1993 ... ... ... 14 March 1995 25 June 1995 26 November 1993 29 January 1996 01 September 1995 08 February 1995 23 August 1995 23 January 1997 09 November 1995 27 January 1994 ... 18 October 1995 12 July 1996 15 April 1997 08 May 1997 29 April 1997 ... ... 12 September 1997 12 August 1997
/ 68
Country/territory Barbados India Hong Kong, China Czech Republic Eritrea Russian Federation Jordan Saudi Arabia Kenya Azerbaijan Croatia Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Estonia Georgia Latvia South Africa Cape Verde Angola Pakistan Uzbekistan Moldova, Republic of Lebanon Uganda Ghana Armenia Slovakia Bulgaria Iran, Islamic Republic of Zimbabwe Mexico Paraguay Jamaica United Kingdom Switzerland Netherlands Germany France Italy United States Argentina China
Date of signature 25 October 1995 23 November 1995 28 November 1995 22 January 1996 06 February 1996 09 April 1996 21 July 1996 10 September 1996 16 September 1996 25 September 1996 05 November 1996 26 February 1997 20 March 1997 15 May 1997 21 May 1997 09 June 1997 12 June 1997 10 July 1997 19 July 1997 17 September 1997 19 September 1997 07 November 1997 12 December 1997 25 June 1998 23 July 1998 30 July 1998 05 December 1998 10 March 1999 16 April 1999 24 June 1999 15 July 1999
Date of entry into force 21 July 1997 26 March 1998 02 February 1998 01 November 1997 ... 06 January 1997 ... 22 May 1998 ... ... 12 June 1998 ... ... ... 02 March 1999 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 05 December 1998 ... ... ... ...
20 January 1987 11 December 1990 18 April 1991 24 September 1992 25 January 1993 29 September 1993 04 February 1994 08 February 1994 26 October 1994
14 May 1987 21 November 1991 01 August 1992 29 May 1996 15 September 1994 09 November 1995 07 March 1997 01 December 1995 01 April 1996
/ 69
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Cuba Egypt Indonesia Zimbabwe Japan Egypt Sri Lanka China Turkey Hong Kong, China Pakistan Bangladesh Russian Federation Jordan Germany Switzerland France United Kingdom Romania Turkey Malaysia Tunisia Yemen Egypt Italy Algeria Indonesia United States Czech Republic Poland Netherlands Morocco Croatia Spain Kazakhstana Turkey United States China 01 May 1992 19 May 1992 10 August 1992 10 August 1995 12 January 1994 13 August 1994 15 July 1974 11 November 1976 23 February 1978 10 October 1979 02 July 1992 02 August 1993 02 October 1994 27 April 1995 18 June 1995 08 May 1996 21 July 1996 01 August 1996 12 November 1996 02 July 1997 20 September 1997 04 October 1997 17 November 1997 16 June 1998 10 October 1999 20 October 1999 10 October 1977 02 March 1977 18 October 1979 24 April 1980 ... ... 03 March 1995 23 November 1995 28 January 1998 ... ... 05 June 1997 ... ... ... ... 01 August 1998 ... ... ... 28 January 1977 01 March 1982 27 August 1988 12 February 1992 15 May 1997 10 March 1998 10 November 1998 13 November 1998 14 January 1978 07 August 1982 14 May 1989 12 March 1993 18 June 1997 ... ... ... Date of signature 31 May 1997 10 February 1999 10 February 1999 10 February 1999 Date of entry into force ... ... ... ...
/ 70
Country/territory Germany France Finland Egypt Spain Switzerland Lithuania Ukraine Poland Italy Mongolia Hungary United Kingdom Israel Iran, Islamic Republic of Korea, Republic of Romania Malaysia Azerbaijan Georgia Czech Republic India Uzbekistan Kuwait France Belgium/Luxembourg Kyrgyzstan Bulgaria Kenya Netherlands Germany Italy
Date of signature 22 September 1992 23 September 1992 29 September 1992 14 February 1993 23 March 1994 12 May 1994 15 September 1994 17 September 1994 21 September 1994 22 September 1994 02 December 1994 07 December 1994 23 November 1995 27 December 1995 16 January 1996 20 March 1996 25 April 1996 27 May 1996 16 September 1996 17 September 1996 08 October 1996 09 December 1996 02 June 1997 31 August 1997 03 February 1998 16 April 1998 08 April 1999 15 September 1999
Date of entry into force 10 May 1995 ... 14 February 1998 ... 22 June 1995 13 May 1998 25 May 1995 09 January 1997 25 May 1995 12 July 1996 03 March 1995 03 March 1996 23 November 1995 19 February 1997 03 April 1999 26 December 1996 05 April 1997 ... ... ... 02 April 1998 ... 08 September 1997 ... ... ... ... ...
11 September 1970 03 May 1996 16 September 1996
11 June 1979 ... ...
Korea, Democratic People's Republic of Denmark Russian Federation Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Romania Malaysia Czech Republic 10 September 1996 28 November 1996 15 December 1997 23 January 1998 04 February 1998 27 February 1998 25 December 1997 ... 30 April 1998 ... 17 October 1998 ...
/ 71
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Slovakia Switzerland Bulgaria Bangladesh Mali Korea, Republic of Germany Switzerland Netherlands Belgium/Luxembourg Tunisia United Kingdom France Sri Lanka Senegal Bangladesh Malaysia Pakistan Denmark Hungary Italy Thailand Poland Congo, Democratic Republic of the Romania Russian Federation Indonesia Austria Mongolia Turkey Czechoslovakia Uzbekistan China Paraguay Viet Nam Peru Lithuania Finland Spain Philippines Argentina 04 February 1964 07 April 1971 16 October 1974 20 December 1974 23 May 1975 04 March 1976 28 December 1977 28 March 1980 12 July 1984 18 June 1986 11 April 1988 24 May 1988 02 June 1988 28 December 1988 10 January 1989 24 March 1989 01 November 1989 19 July 1990 07 August 1990 14 December 1990 16 February 1991 14 March 1991 28 March 1991 14 May 1991 27 April 1992 17 June 1992 30 September 1992 22 December 1992 13 May 1993 03 June 1993 24 September 1993 21 October 1993 17 January 1994 07 April 1994 17 May 1994 15 January 1967 07 April 1971 01 June 1975 03 September 1976 28 November 1975 04 March 1976 01 February 1979 15 July 1980 02 September 1985 06 October 1988 31 March 1989 15 April 1990 02 June 1988 01 February 1989 26 June 1992 30 September 1989 02 February 1990 ... 30 December 1994 10 July 1991 10 March 1994 01 November 1991 30 April 1991 04 June 1994 16 March 1995 20 November 1992 04 December 1992 06 August 1993 04 September 1993 20 April 1994 09 November 1993 11 May 1996 19 July 1994 25 September 1996 25 September 1996 Date of signature 27 October 1998 14 December 1998 16 June 1999 21 June 1999 11 October 1999 Date of entry into force 17 April 1999 ... ... ... ...
/ 72
Country/territory Greece Portugal South Africa Tajikistan Sweden Brazil India Egypt Kazakhstan Bolivia Lao People's Democratic Republic Chile Latvia Ukraine Cambodia Belarus Hong Kong, China Nigeria El Salvador Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of Iran, Islamic Republic of Tanzania, United Republic of Morocco Israel Qatar Kuwait Iraq United Arab Emirates Egypt Tunisia Morocco Pakistan China Malaysia Italy Turkey France Hungary Poland
Date of signature 25 January 1995 03 May 1995 07 July 1995 14 July 1995 30 August 1995 01 September 1995 26 February 1996 18 March 1996 20 March 1996 01 April 1996 15 May 1996 06 September 1996 23 October 1996 16 December 1996 10 February 1997 22 April 1997 30 June 1997 27 March 1998 07 July 1998 26 July 1998 31 October 1998 18 December 1998 27 January 1999 07 February 1999 16 April 1999
Date of entry into force 04 November 1995 11 August 1996 28 June 1997 13 August 1995 18 June 1997 ... 07 May 1996 25 May 1997 26 December 1996 04 June 1997 14 June 1996 ... 26 January 1997 03 November 1997 12 March 1997 09 August 1997 30 July 1997 01 February 1999 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
25 October 1964 12 February 1966 02 May 1966 14 September 1973 03 April 1980 17 March 1983 23 November 1985 21 November 1987 17 December 1987 27 October 1988 27 September 1989 08 November 1989 05 March 1990
07 June 1966 ... 09 August 1966 ... ... 15 March 1986 24 December 1986 ... 21 May 1990 25 April 1992 16 May 1991 01 March 1994 29 December 1993
/ 73
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Romania Moldova, Republic of Germany Russian Federation Tajikistan Malta Czech Republic Finland Ethiopia Austria Croatia Bulgaria Kazakhstan Mongolia Switzerland Morocco Kyrgyzstana Turkey China United States Ukraine France Armenia United Kingdom Indonesia Malaysia Pakistan Iran, Islamic Republic of Uzbekistan Georgia India Azerbaijan Germany Switzerland Belarus Kazakhstan Mongolia 28 April 1992 14 May 1992 19 January 1993 23 February 1993 02 June 1994 04 July 1994 08 December 1994 19 July 1995 20 July 1995 26 August 1995 31 July 1996 24 December 1996 22 April 1997 16 May 1997 28 August 1997 28 August 1997 29 January 1999 30 March 1999 08 April 1999 05 December 1999 31 October 1996 01 September 1996 11 January 1994 ... 10 August 1997 27 October 1995 18 June 1998 23 April 1997 ... ... 31 July 1996 06 February 1997 28 October 1997 10 April 1998 28 August 1997 06 September 1998 ... ... ... ... Date of signature 21 May 1991 04 February 1993 30 March 1994 21 November 1994 18 April 1995 19 April 1995 08 January 1996 10 March 1996 14 September 1996 16 November 1996 08 March 1997 17 June 1997 31 August 1997 15 March 1998 31 October 1998 16 February 1999 Date of entry into force 26 July 1992 ... 15 November 1997 30 May 1996 12 June 1998 25 June 1996 21 January 1997 21 May 1997 ... 22 September 1998 02 July 1998 16 September 1998 ... ... ... ...
Lao People's Democratic Republic France Thailand 12 December 1989 22 August 1990 08 March 1991 07 December 1990
/ 74
Country/territory Malaysia China Mongolia Australia Indonesia United Kingdom Viet Nam Korea, Republic of Germany Sweden Switzerland Russian Federation Singapore Cuba Denmark Latviaa Finland Sweden Denmark France Norway Taiwan Province of China Switzerland Germany Poland United Kingdom Israel Netherlands Czech Republic Austria United States Canada Greece Portugal Spain Viet Nam Estonia Lithuania Belgium/Luxembourg Uzbekistan Korea, Republic of Turkey
Date of signature 08 December 1992 31 January 1993 03 March 1994 06 April 1994 18 October 1994 01 June 1995 14 January 1996 15 May 1996 09 August 1996 29 August 1996 04 December 1996 06 December 1996 24 March 1997 28 April 1997 09 September 1998
Date of entry into force ... 01 June 1993 29 December 1994 08 April 1995 14 October 1995 01 June 1995 23 June 1996 14 June 1996 24 March 1999 01 January 1997 04 December 1996 ... 26 March 1998 10 June 1998 09 May 1999
05 March 1992 10 March 1992 30 March 1992 15 May 1992 16 June 1992 17 September 1992 22 December 1992 20 April 1993 26 April 1993 24 January 1994 27 February 1994 14 March 1994 25 October 1994 17 November 1994 13 January 1995 26 April 1995 20 July 1995 27 September 1995 26 October 1995 06 November 1995 07 February 1996 07 February 1996 27 March 1996 23 May 1996 23 October 1996 18 February 1997
07 December 1992 06 November 1992 18 November 1994 01 October 1994 01 December 1992 08 October 1993 16 April 1993 09 June 1996 19 July 1993 16 February 1995 09 May 1995 01 April 1995 01 August 1995 01 May 1996 26 December 1996 27 July 1995 09 February 1998 17 July 1997 14 March 1997 20 February 1996 23 May 1996 23 July 1996 04 April 1999 29 January 1997 26 January 1997 03 March 1999
/ 75
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Egypt Italy Ukraine Belarus Slovakia Iceland Singapore Hungary Moldova, Republic of Lebanon Romania Ukraine Armenia Cuba Spain Egypt China France Syrian Arab Republic Germany Russian Federation Canada Morocco Greece Finland Czech Republic Iran, Islamic Republic of Italy Azerbaijan Malaysia Tunisia United Kingdom Bulgaria Bahrain Belgium/Luxembourg Yemen Lesotho United Kingdom Germany 18 February 1981 11 November 1982 18 February 1981 17 August 1985 18 October 1994 25 March 1995 01 May 1995 14 December 1995 22 February 1996 16 March 1996 13 June 1996 28 November 1996 12 January 1997 18 March 1997 08 April 1997 11 April 1997 03 July 1997 24 July 1997 25 August 1997 19 September 1997 28 October 1997 07 November 1997 11 February 1998 26 February 1998 24 June 1998 16 February 1999 01 June 1999 26 August 1999 06 September 1999 25 November 1999 06 March 1997 ... 01 October 1998 07 January 1999 ... 06 February 1997 10 July 1997 ... 13 October 1998 25 March 1999 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Date of signature 24 April 1997 21 May 1997 24 July 1997 03 March 1998 09 April 1998 11 June 1998 07 July 1998 10 June 1999 22 September 1999 Date of entry into force 03 June 1998 02 March 1999 30 December 1997 21 December 1998 30 October 1998 01 May 1999 18 March 1999 ... ...
/ 76
Country/territory Liberia Germany Switzerland France Belgium/Luxembourg Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Malta Tunisia Morocco Egypt Syrian Arab Republic Lithuaniaa Germany Sweden Denmark France Finland Norway Poland Switzerland United Kingdom Korea, Republic of China Netherlands Ukraine Romania Spain Turkey Kazakhstan Israel Czech Republic Italy Venezuela Estonia Viet Nam Latvia Argentina Austria Greece
Date of signature
12 December 1961 23 July 1963 23 March 1979 05 June 1985
22 October 1967 22 September 1964 22 January 1982 ...
08 February 1973 06 June 1973 25 January 1984 03 December 1990 08 February 1993
19 December 1973 ... 18 September 1993 04 July 1991 ...
28 February 1992 17 March 1992 30 March 1992 23 April 1992 12 June 1992 16 June 1992 28 September 1992 23 December 1992 17 May 1993 24 September 1993 08 November 1993 26 January 1994 08 February 1994 08 March 1994 06 July 1994 11 July 1994 15 September 1994 02 October 1994 27 October 1994 01 December 1994 24 April 1995 07 September 1995 27 September 1995 07 February 1996 14 March 1996 28 June 1996 19 July 1996
27 June 1997 02 September 1992 08 January 1993 27 March 1995 08 January 1993 20 December 1992 06 August 1993 13 May 1993 21 September 1993 09 November 1993 01 June 1994 01 April 1995 06 March 1995 15 December 1994 22 December 1995 07 July 1997 25 May 1995 11 July 1996 12 July 1995 15 April 1997 01 August 1996 20 June 1996 ... 23 July 1996 01 September 1998 01 July 1997 10 July 1997
/ 77
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Belgium/Luxembourg United States Portugal Slovenia Australia Belarus Hungary Russian Federation Moldova, Republic of Date of signature 15 October 1997 14 January 1998 27 May 1998 13 October 1998 24 November 1998 05 March 1999 25 May 1999 29 June 1999 20 September 1999 Date of entry into force ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Croatia Turkey Slovenia Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of Germany Switzerland Poland Italy China Russian Federation Malaysia Albania Korea, Democratic People's Republic of France Ukraine Sweden Netherlands Belgium/Luxembourg Bulgaria Madagascar Germany Switzerland Sweden Norway Malawi Taiwan Province of China 22 April 1995 ... 21 September 1962 17 March 1964 02 April 1966 13 May 1966 21 March 1966 31 March 1966 23 June 1967 28 September 1967 06 July 1994 09 September 1995 05 June 1996 04 September 1996 10 September 1996 26 September 1996 28 November 1996 26 February 1997 09 June 1997 21 October 1997 11 November 1997 04 December 1997 15 December 1997 28 January 1998 02 March 1998 07 May 1998 07 July 1998 17 February 1999 22 February 1999 04 November 1995 27 October 1997 ... 22 July 1997 ... 06 May 1997 22 April 1997 ... 01 November 1997 09 July 1998 17 March 1999 03 April 1998 30 April 1998 ... ... 01 October 1998 01 June 1999 ... ...
/ 78
Country/territory Malaysia Malaysia Germany Netherlands France Switzerland Sweden Belgium/Luxembourg United Kingdom Sri Lanka Romania Norway Austria Finland Kuwait Italy Korea, Republic of China United Arab Emirates Denmark Viet Nam Papua New Guinea Chile Lao People's Democratic Republic Taiwan Province of China Hungary Poland Indonesia Albania Zimbabwe Turkmenistan Namibia Cambodia Argentina Jordan Bangladesh Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Spain Pakistan Kyrgyzstan
Date of signature 05 September 1996
22 December 1960 15 June 1971 24 April 1975 01 March 1978 03 March 1979 22 November 1979 21 May 1981 16 April 1982 26 November 1982 06 November 1984 12 April 1985 15 April 1985 21 November 1987 04 January 1988 11 April 1988 21 November 1988 11 October 1991 06 January 1992 21 January 1992 27 October 1992 11 November 1992 08 December 1992 18 February 1993 19 February 1993 21 April 1993 22 January 1994 24 January 1994 28 April 1994 30 May 1994 12 August 1994 17 August 1994 06 September 1994 02 October 1994 12 October 1994 16 December 1994 16 December 1994 04 April 1995 17 July 1995 20 July 1995
06 July 1963 13 September 1972 01 September 1976 09 June 1978 06 July 1979 08 February 1982 21 October 1988 31 October 1995 20 June 1984 07 January 1986 01 January 1987 03 January 1988 ... 25 October 1990 31 March 1989 31 March 1990 22 May 1992 18 September 1992 09 October 1992 ... 04 August 1995 ... 18 March 1993 08 July 1995 23 March 1994 15 June 1994 29 March 1994 ... ... ... ... 20 March 1996 03 March 1995 20 August 1996 27 May 1995 19 July 1996 16 February 1996 30 November 1995 ...
/ 79
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Mongolia India Uruguay Peru Kazakhstan Romania Malawi Czech Republic Guinea Ghana Egypt Botswana Cuba Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Korea, Democratic People's Republic of Yemen Lebanon Turkey Burkina Faso Sudan Djibouti Ethiopia Senegal Bahrain Mali Germany Switzerland Tunisia Algeria Egypt Korea, Democratic People's Republic of Malta Switzerland Italy Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Germany France 20 January 1965 28 July 1967 08 February 1973 17 September 1974 11 August 1976 23 February 1965 15 October 1973 19 December 1973 14 December 1975 01 January 1978 28 June 1977 08 March 1978 01 July 1986 11 July 1996 09 March 1998 11 October 1999 16 May 1980 08 December 1978 ... 16 February 1999 ... ... Date of signature 27 July 1995 03 August 1995 09 August 1995 13 October 1995 27 May 1996 25 June 1996 05 September 1996 09 September 1996 07 November 1996 08 November 1996 14 April 1997 31 July 1997 26 September 1997 11 November 1997 04 February 1998 11 February 1998 26 February 1998 26 February 1998 23 April 1998 02 August 1998 03 August 1998 22 October 1998 11 February 1999 15 June 1999 Date of entry into force 14 January 1996 ... ... 25 December 1995 ... 08 May 1997 ... 03 December 1998 24 February 1997 18 April 1997 ... ... ... 17 March 1999 17 October 1998 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
/ 80
Country/territory Bulgaria Netherlands United Kingdom Belgium/Luxembourg Kuwait Egypt Mauritania Switzerland Germany Belgium/Luxembourg Tunisia Romania Mauritius Germany France United Kingdom China Mozambique Indonesia Pakistan Portugal South Africa India Switzerland Czech Republic Nepal Mexico Spain Switzerland Argentina Netherlands Austria Germany Belgium/Luxembourg France Finland Italy Portugal
Date of signature 12 June 1984 10 September 1984 04 October 1986 05 March 1987 19 April 1995 20 February 1999
Date of entry into force 07 February 1985 01 July 1985 04 October 1986 15 June 1993 25 June 1996 ...
09 September 1976 08 December 1982 23 November 1983 11 March 1986 14 March 1988
30 May 1978 26 April 1986 ... ... 19 December 1989
25 May 1971 22 March 1973 20 May 1986 04 May 1996 14 February 1997 05 March 1997 03 April 1997 12 December 1997 17 February 1998 04 September 1998 26 November 1998 05 April 1999 03 August 1999
27 August 1973 01 March 1974 13 October 1986 08 June 1997 ... 29 August 1998 ... 12 December 1997 17 February 1998 ... ... ... ...
22 June 1995 10 July 1995 13 November 1996 13 May 1998 29 June 1998 25 August 1998 27 August 1998 12 November 1998 22 February 1999 24 June 1999 11 November 1999
18 December 1996 14 March 1996 22 June 1998 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
/ 81
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Moldova, Republic of a Romania China Kuwait United States Turkey Germany Poland Hungary Iran, Islamic Republic of Finland Ukraine Netherlands Uzbekistan Switzerland United Kingdom Bulgaria Belgium/Luxembourg Israel France Italy Georgia Greece Russian Federation Czech Republic Belarus Lithuania Latvia Mongolia Korea, Republic of Germany China United Kingdom France Belgium/Luxembourg Ukraine Italy Lao People's Democratic Republic Hungary United States 28 March 1991 26 June 1991 25 August 1991 04 October 1991 08 November 1991 03 March 1992 05 November 1992 15 January 1993 03 March 1994 13 September 1994 06 October 1994 30 April 1991 23 June 1996 01 November 1993 04 October 1991 22 December 1993 28 October 1993 05 November 1992 01 September 1995 29 December 1994 29 August 1995 04 January 1997 14 August 1992 07 November 1992 04 February 1993 21 April 1993 14 February 1994 28 February 1994 16 November 1994 19 April 1995 30 May 1995 25 August 1995 29 August 1995 26 September 1995 21 November 1995 30 November 1995 19 March 1996 17 April 1996 21 May 1996 22 June 1997 08 September 1997 19 September 1997 05 December 1997 23 March 1998 17 April 1998 12 May 1999 28 May 1999 20 September 1999 22 September 1999 15 June 1997 01 March 1995 ... 25 November 1994 ... ... 27 July 1995 19 August 1996 ... 21 June 1997 20 May 1996 01 May 1997 17 January 1997 29 November 1996 30 July 1998 11 June 1997 ... 16 March 1999 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Date of signature Date of entry into force
/ 82
Country/territory Kazakhstan Netherlands Denmark Singapore Malaysia Romania Poland Russian Federation Switzerland Indonesia Czech Republic Kuwait Turkey Cuba Kyrgyzstan Morocco Germany Belgium/Luxembourg Netherlands France Egypt Gabon Kuwait Romania United Arab Emirates Libyan Arab Jamahiriya United States Switzerland Portugal Spain Iraq Italy Sweden United Kingdom Hungary Austria Romania Tunisia Greece Poland China France
Date of signature 02 December 1994 09 March 1995 13 March 1995 24 July 1995 27 July 1995 06 November 1995 08 November 1995 29 November 1995 29 January 1997 04 March 1997 13 February 1998 15 March 1998 16 March 1998 26 March 1999 05 December 1999
Date of entry into force 03 March 1995 01 June 1996 02 April 1996 14 January 1996 14 January 1996 15 August 1996 21 March 1996 ... ... 13 April 1999 ... ... ... ... ...
31 August 1961 28 April 1965 23 December 1971 15 July 1975 03 June 1976 13 January 1979 03 April 1980 11 September 1981 16 June 1982 25 January 1984 22 July 1985 17 December 1985 18 October 1988 27 September 1989 18 July 1990 18 July 1990 26 September 1990 30 October 1990 12 December 1991 02 November 1992 24 January 1994 28 January 1994 16 February 1994 24 October 1994 27 March 1995 13 January 1996
21 January 1968 18 October 1967 27 July 1978 13 December 1976 07 September 1978 07 November 1979 ... ... ... 18 September 1993 29 May 1991 12 April 1991 22 March 1995 15 January 1992 ... ... ... ... ... 01 July 1995 ... ... ... 29 May 1995 ... ...
/ 83
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Bulgaria Argentina Indonesia Turkey Egypt Lebanon Spain Jordan Korea, Republic of United Arab Emirates India Kuwait Qatar Sudan Belgium/Luxembourg El Salvador Mozambique Portugal Mauritius South Africa United States Egypt Algeria Indonesia Myanmar Philippines Namibia Germany Switzerland Malaysia Cuba France Nepal France Germany United Kingdom 02 May 1983 20 October 1986 02 March 1993 13 June 1985 07 July 1988 02 March 1993 21 January 1994 01 August 1994 12 August 1994 27 June 1997 25 June 1998 21 December 1997 ... ... ... ... 17 February 1998 11 September 1998 28 May 1996 14 February 1997 06 May 1997 01 December 1998 08 December 1998 12 December 1998 26 March 1999 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Date of signature 22 May 1996 13 June 1996 14 March 1997 08 April 1997 14 April 1997 03 July 1997 11 December 1997 16 June 1998 27 January 1999 09 February 1999 13 February 1999 16 February 1999 20 February 1999 23 February 1999 13 April 1999 21 April 1999 Date of entry into force ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
/ 84
Country/territory Mauritius Netherlands Tunisia Cte d'Ivoire Cameroon Indonesia Tanzania, United Republic of Uganda Sudan Kenya Malaysia Morocco Singapore Thailand Korea, Republic of Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of Egypt Senegal Sri Lanka Malta Philippines Yemen China Turkey Hungary Oman Bulgaria Uruguay Pakistan Ghana Russian Federation Jamaica Czechoslovakia Venezuela Cape Verde Bolivia Poland Argentina Estonia Paraguay
Date of signature 03 August 1999
23 May 1963 26 April 1965 06 July 1965 07 July 1968 14 April 1970 24 April 1970 22 August 1970 11 September 1970 15 June 1971 23 December 1971 16 May 1972 06 June 1972 16 October 1974 16 February 1976 30 October 1976 03 August 1979 26 April 1984 10 September 1984 27 February 1985 18 March 1985 17 June 1985 27 March 1986 02 September 1987 19 September 1987 08 March 1988 22 September 1988 04 October 1988 31 March 1989 05 October 1989 18 April 1991 29 April 1991 22 October 1991 11 November 1991 10 March 1992 07 September 1992 20 October 1992 27 October 1992 29 October 1992
19 December 1964 08 September 1966 07 May 1966 17 July 1971 28 July 1972 ... 27 March 1972 11 June 1979 13 September 1972 27 July 1978 07 September 1973 03 March 1973 01 June 1975 01 April 1977 01 January 1978 05 May 1981 01 May 1985 01 July 1985 01 October 1987 01 September 1986 01 February 1987 01 November 1986 01 June 1988 01 February 1989 24 May 1990 01 August 1991 01 October 1989 01 July 1991 20 July 1991 01 August 1992 01 October 1992 01 November 1993 25 November 1992 01 November 1994 01 February 1994 01 October 1994 01 September 1993 01 August 1994
/ 85
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Nigeria Hong Kong, China Lithuania Viet Nam Latvia Indonesia Albania Romania Ukraine Bangladesh Peru Mongolia Belarus South Africa Moldova, Republic of India Egypt Uzbekistan Slovenia Zimbabwe Jordan Georgia Croatia Tunisia Bosnia and Herzegovina Mexico Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Brazil Chile Costa Rica Ecuador Bulgaria El Salvador Cuba New Zealand China Hong Kong, China Nicaragua Taiwan Province of China 29 July 1992 08 January 1993 22 November 1988 06 July 1995 25 March 1989 05 August 1995 Date of signature 02 November 1992 19 November 1992 26 January 1994 10 March 1994 14 March 1994 06 April 1994 15 April 1994 19 April 1994 14 July 1994 01 November 1994 27 December 1994 09 March 1995 11 April 1995 09 May 1995 26 September 1995 06 November 1995 17 January 1996 14 March 1996 24 September 1996 11 December 1996 17 November 1997 03 February 1998 28 April 1998 11 May 1998 13 May 1998 13 May 1998 07 July 1998 25 November 1998 30 November 1998 21 May 1999 27 June 1999 06 October 1999 12 October 1999 02 November 1999 Date of entry into force 01 February 1994 01 September 1993 01 April 1995 01 February 1995 01 April 1995 01 July 1995 01 September 1995 01 February 1995 01 June 1997 01 June 1996 01 February 1996 01 June 1996 01 August 1996 01 May 1999 01 May 1997 01 December 1996 01 March 1998 01 July 1997 01 August 1998 01 May 1998 01 August 1998 ... 01 June 1999 ... ... ... 01 June 1999 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
/ 86
Country/territory Spain Denmark United States Germany Chile United Kingdom France Argentina Switzerland El Salvador Niger Switzerland Germany Tunisia Egypt Algeria Nigeria France United Kingdom Netherlands Taiwan Province of China Turkey China Korea, Republic of Norway Madagascar Malaysia China Sri Lanka Poland Hungary Czechoslovakia Romania Indonesia Estonia Latvia Lithuania Chile Peru
Date of signature 16 March 1994 13 March 1995 01 July 1995 06 May 1996 10 November 1996 04 December 1996 13 February 1998 10 August 1998 30 November 1998 23 January 1999
Date of entry into force 28 March 1995 26 January 1996 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
28 March 1962 29 October 1964 05 June 1992 04 March 1998 16 March 1998
17 November 1962 10 January 1966 ... ... ...
27 February 1990 11 December 1990 02 November 1992 07 April 1994 08 October 1996 12 May 1997 27 March 1998
19 August 1991 11 December 1990 01 February 1994 07 April 1994 ... ... 01 February 1999
13 May 1966 06 November 1984 21 November 1984 13 June 1985 05 June 1990 08 April 1991 21 May 1991 11 June 1991 26 November 1991 15 June 1992 16 June 1992 16 June 1992 01 June 1993 10 March 1995
28 September 1967 07 January 1986 10 July 1985 13 June 1985 24 October 1990 04 December 1992 06 August 1992 23 March 1992 01 October 1994 15 June 1992 01 December 1992 20 December 1992 07 September 1994 09 May 1995
/ 87
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Russian Federation Oman Germany Egypt Netherlands Tunisia Italy France China Sweden United Kingdom India Finland Pakistan Egypt Brunei Darussalam Yemen Sudan Pakistan Germany Romania Sweden Kuwait France Korea, Republic of Netherlands China Uzbekistan Tajikistan Spain Turkmenistan United Kingdom Singapore Turkey Romania Switzerland Malaysia Kyrgyzstan Azerbaijan Bangladesh 25 November 1959 21 January 1978 12 March 1981 17 March 1983 01 June 1983 24 May 1988 04 October 1988 12 February 1989 13 August 1992 31 March 1994 15 September 1994 26 October 1994 30 November 1994 08 March 1995 16 March 1995 10 July 1995 11 July 1995 17 July 1995 23 August 1995 09 October 1995 24 October 1995 28 April 1962 26 June 1979 14 June 1981 15 March 1986 14 December 1984 15 April 1990 01 October 1989 30 September 1990 ... ... 26 April 1996 ... 30 November 1994 04 May 1995 ... 08 August 1996 06 May 1996 30 November 1995 ... ... ... 25 June 1979 28 April 1985 19 September 1987 19 October 1991 23 June 1993 17 October 1994 18 March 1995 13 July 1995 25 November 1995 02 April 1997 27 September 1997 09 November 1997 25 March 1998 08 June 1998 20 September 1998 25 October 1999 04 February 1986 09 October 1985 01 February 1989 ... 23 January 1997 04 July 1996 01 August 1995 06 June 1996 21 May 1996 ... 20 February 1999 ... ... ... ... ... Date of signature 04 October 1995 Date of entry into force 21 May 1998
/ 88
Country/territory United Arab Emirates Iran, Islamic Republic of Indonesia Tunisia Syrian Arab Republic Denmark Portugal Belarus Mauritius Italy Oman Sri Lanka Australia Japan Belgium/Luxembourg Philippines Czech Republic Yemen Palestine Authority Egypt Panama United States France United Kingdom Switzerland Germany Taiwan Province of China Argentina Canada Chile Spain Uruguay Cuba Czech Republic Papua New Guinea Germany United Kingdom Australia
Date of signature 05 November 1995 08 November 1995 08 March 1996 18 April 1996 25 April 1996 18 July 1996 11 October 1996 22 January 1997 03 April 1997 19 July 1997 09 November 1997 20 December 1997 07 February 1998 10 March 1998 23 April 1998 23 April 1999 07 May 1999 11 May 1999
Date of entry into force ... 27 June 1998 03 December 1996 ... ... 25 September 1996 14 December 1996 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
28 April 1998
...
27 October 1982 05 November 1982 07 October 1983 19 October 1983 02 November 1983 26 March 1992 10 May 1996 12 September 1996 08 November 1996 10 November 1997 18 February 1998 27 January 1999 27 August 1999
30 May 1991 09 October 1985 07 November 1985 22 August 1985 10 March 1989 14 July 1992 22 June 1998 13 February 1998 ... 31 July 1998 ... ... ...
12 November 1980 14 May 1981 03 September 1990
03 November 1983 22 December 1981 20 October 1991
/ 89
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory China Malaysia Paraguay Uruguay France United Kingdom Switzerland Taiwan Province of China Belgium/Luxembourg Netherlands Korea, Republic of Denmark Germany Hungary Austria Spain Ecuador Peru Romania Chile Venezuela Costa Rica El Salvador Czech Republic Italy Portugal Peru Thailand Switzerland Korea, Republic of Bolivia United Kingdom France Paraguay Czech Republic Colombia Sweden Italy Romania China 15 November 1991 22 November 1991 03 June 1993 30 July 1993 04 October 1993 06 October 1993 31 January 1994 16 March 1994 26 April 1994 03 May 1994 05 May 1994 16 May 1994 09 June 1994 15 November 1991 23 November 1993 20 April 1994 19 March 1995 21 April 1994 04 July 1996 18 December 1994 06 March 1995 ... 01 August 1994 18 October 1995 01 January 1995 01 February 1995 25 March 1976 30 November 1978 04 June 1981 31 January 1992 06 April 1992 06 October 1992 29 October 1992 22 December 1992 22 April 1993 11 August 1993 11 August 1993 13 August 1993 11 October 1993 28 January 1994 01 February 1994 21 May 1994 07 August 1995 05 September 1996 29 January 1998 30 January 1998 21 October 1998 15 July 1999 24 November 1999 ... 11 December 1980 23 April 1992 28 September 1992 11 September 1992 ... 01 August 1994 06 August 1993 ... 03 July 1998 01 April 1995 ... 22 November 1996 18 September 1995 18 December 1994 12 April 1995 17 December 1997 14 November 1997 ... 08 November 1998 ... ... ... Date of signature 12 April 1991 27 October 1992 Date of entry into force 12 February 1993 ...
/ 90
Country/territory Argentina Spain Portugal Denmark Netherlands Germany Norway Finland Malaysia Australia Venezuela El Salvador Ecuador Philippines France United Kingdom Netherlands Italy Viet Nam Taiwan Province of China China Spain Korea, Republic of Romania France Saudi Arabia Australia Czech Republic Thailand Iran, Islamic Republic of Canada Chile Switzerland Germany Bangladesh Russian Federation Denmark Belgium/Luxembourg Myanmar Finland Turkey Pakistan
Date of signature 10 November 1994 17 November 1994 22 November 1994 23 November 1994 27 December 1994 30 January 1995 10 March 1995 02 May 1995 13 October 1995 07 December 1995 12 January 1996 13 June 1996 07 April 1999
Date of entry into force 24 October 1996 17 February 1996 18 October 1995 17 February 1995 01 February 1996 01 May 1997 09 May 1995 14 June 1996 25 December 1995 02 February 1997 18 September 1997 15 December 1996 ...
14 June 1976 03 December 1980 27 February 1985 17 June 1988 27 February 1992 28 February 1992 20 July 1992 19 October 1993 07 April 1994 18 May 1994 13 September 1994 17 October 1994 25 January 1995 05 April 1995 30 September 1995 08 October 1995 10 November 1995 20 November 1995 31 March 1997 18 April 1997 08 September 1997 12 September 1997 25 September 1997 14 January 1998 17 February 1998 25 March 1998 22 February 1999 23 April 1999
01 July 1976 02 January 1981 01 October 1987 04 November 1993 29 January 1993 28 February 1992 10 September 1995 21 September 1994 25 September 1996 14 June 1998 13 June 1996 11 November 1996 08 December 1995 04 April 1996 06 September 1996 ... 01 November 1996 06 August 1997 23 April 1999 ... 01 August 1998 ... 19 April 1998 ... 11 September 1998 16 April 1999 ... ...
/ 91
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Sweden Argentina Poland Belgium/Luxembourgc United Kingdom China Austria France Italy Sweden Korea, Republic of Switzerland Germany Kuwait United States Finland Denmark Norway Canada Australia Israel Argentina Uruguay Turkey Belarus Cyprus Spain Netherlands Hungary Russian Federation Indonesia Greece Thailand Ukraine United Arab Emirates Albania Portugal Tunisia Malaysia Latvia Estonia Singapore 19 May 1987 08 December 1987 07 June 1988 14 November 1988 14 February 1989 10 May 1989 13 October 1989 01 November 1989 08 November 1989 10 November 1989 05 March 1990 21 March 1990 05 April 1990 01 May 1990 05 June 1990 26 October 1990 07 May 1991 22 May 1991 31 July 1991 02 August 1991 11 August 1991 24 April 1992 04 June 1992 30 July 1992 07 September 1992 23 September 1992 02 October 1992 06 October 1992 14 October 1992 18 December 1992 12 January 1993 31 January 1993 05 March 1993 11 March 1993 29 March 1993 21 April 1993 26 April 1993 06 May 1993 03 June 1993 02 August 1991 14 April 1988 08 January 1989 01 November 1989 10 February 1990 10 January 1993 04 January 1990 02 February 1990 18 April 1990 24 February 1991 29 December 1993 06 August 1994 21 February 1991 30 October 1990 24 October 1990 22 November 1990 27 March 1992 06 May 1992 01 September 1992 21 October 1994 19 August 1994 18 January 1993 01 July 1993 01 May 1993 01 February 1994 16 June 1995 ... 01 July 1993 20 February 1995 10 August 1993 14 September 1993 09 April 1994 09 August 1993 03 August 1994 22 September 1993 23 March 1994 19 July 1993 06 August 1993 29 December 1993 Date of signature 17 August 1999 20 September 1999 Date of entry into force ... ...
/ 92
Country/territory Czech Republic Bulgaria Romania Slovakia Viet Nam Kazakhstan Morocco Moldova, Republic of Uzbekistan Croatia Egypt Chile Mongolia Slovenia Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of India Finland Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Azerbaijan Jordan Bangladesh Iran, Islamic Republic of Portugal Germany Morocco Cape Verde Guinea-Bissau China Hungary Tunisia Poland Bulgaria Czech Republic Romania Brazil Zimbabwe Venezuela Russian Federation Argentina Peru
Date of signature 16 July 1993 11 April 1994 23 June 1994 18 August 1994 31 August 1994 21 September 1994 24 October 1994 16 November 1994 11 January 1995 21 February 1995 01 July 1995 05 July 1995 08 November 1995 28 June 1996 03 September 1996 07 October 1996 25 November 1996 28 November 1996 26 August 1997 04 October 1997 08 July 1998 02 October 1998
Date of entry into force 29 June 1994 09 March 1995 30 December 1995 14 March 1996 24 November 1994 25 May 1995 29 May 1995 27 July 1995 29 April 1995 04 October 1995 17 January 1998 ... 21 March 1996 ... 23 January 1997 31 December 1997 11 March 1998 22 April 1997 ... ... ... ...
16 September 1980 18 October 1988 26 October 1990 24 June 1991 03 February 1992 28 February 1992 11 March 1992 11 March 1993 27 May 1993 12 November 1993 17 November 1993 09 February 1994 05 May 1994 17 June 1994 21 July 1994 06 October 1994 22 November 1994
23 April 1982 22 March 1995 04 October 1991 08 April 1996 01 December 1992 08 October 1997 06 December 1994 03 August 1994 ... 03 August 1994 17 November 1994 ... ... 07 October 1995 ... 03 May 1996 18 October 1995
/ 93
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Chile Korea, Republic of Croatia Slovakia Latvia Mozambique Pakistan Slovenia Sao Tome and Principe Uruguay Angola Mauritius Lithuania Cuba Albania Egypt Mexico Paraguay Qatar Romania Germany France China Bosnia and Herzegovina Sudan Senegal Morocco India China Korea, Republic of Iran, Islamic Republic of Romania United Kingdom Austria France Italy Pakistan Belgium/Luxembourg Sudan Gabon 19 March 1976 30 September 1976 16 December 1976 14 January 1977 21 January 1978 08 May 1978 08 December 1978 11 April 1979 22 November 1976 08 November 1977 01 August 1978 ... 26 June 1979 01 June 1980 05 December 1979 18 September 1982 06 June 1996 14 June 1996 08 September 1996 09 April 1998 01 June 1998 03 June 1998 10 June 1998 20 February 1999 07 April 1999 09 April 1999 16 April 1999 20 May 1999 27 April 1997 19 January 1999 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Date of signature 28 April 1995 03 May 1995 09 May 1995 10 July 1995 27 September 1995 28 May 1996 11 October 1996 14 May 1997 18 July 1997 25 July 1997 24 October 1997 12 December 1997 27 May 1998 08 July 1998 11 September 1998 29 April 1999 11 November 1999 24 November 1999 Date of entry into force 24 February 1998 11 August 1996 27 November 1997 ... 17 July 1997 ... 14 December 1996 ... ... ... ... 12 December 1997 ... ... ... ... ... ...
/ 94
Country/territory Germany Senegal Cameroon Denmark Sri Lanka Morocco Malaysia China Bangladesh Tunisia Mauritania Ghana Korea, Republic of Uruguay Italy Turkey Kuwait Norway Cyprus Israel Greece Finland United States Jordan Moldova, Republic of United Arab Emirates Thailand Australia Argentina Hungary Russian Federation Switzerland Czech Republic Portugal Morocco Slovakia Lithuania Netherlands Peru Philippines Paraguay Bulgaria Croatia Denmark
Date of signature 12 October 1979 19 April 1980 30 August 1980 12 November 1980 09 February 1981 11 September 1981 26 November 1982 10 February 1983 13 March 1987 23 September 1987 14 March 1988 14 September 1989 07 August 1990 23 November 1990 06 December 1990 24 January 1991 21 May 1991 11 June 1991 26 July 1991 02 September 1991 16 September 1991 26 March 1992 28 May 1992 02 July 1992 14 August 1992 11 April 1993 30 April 1993 21 June 1993 29 July 1993 16 September 1993 29 September 1993 25 October 1993 08 November 1993 17 November 1993 28 January 1994 03 March 1994 08 March 1994 19 April 1994 16 May 1994 18 May 1994 21 May 1994 01 June 1994 08 June 1994 14 June 1994
Date of entry into force 10 January 1981 20 May 1984 24 September 1981 09 April 1981 03 June 1982 ... 20 June 1984 10 February 1984 31 October 1987 04 February 1989 19 December 1989 ... 30 December 1994 29 August 1993 14 March 1995 07 April 1996 26 July 1992 23 March 1992 10 July 1993 26 August 1992 21 October 1992 06 January 1993 15 January 1994 ... 15 June 1997 07 April 1996 20 August 1994 22 April 1994 01 May 1995 06 May 1996 19 July 1996 30 July 1994 28 July 1994 17 November 1994 ... 07 March 1996 15 December 1994 01 February 1995 01 January 1995 14 June 1998 12 April 1995 23 May 1995 09 September 1995 24 August 1995
/ 95
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Poland Algeria China Viet Nam Armenia Lebanon Turkmenistan Egypt Spain Ukraine France Albania Belarus Chile Pakistan United Kingdom Bolivia Tunisia Mongolia Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of Slovenia Cuba Belgium/Luxembourg Ecuador Canada Kazakhstan Austria Qatar Uzbekistan Germany Malaysia Greece Indonesia India Georgia Korea, Democratic People's Republic of Israel Yemen Russian Federationa Finland 08 February 1989 15 August 1991 Date of signature 23 June 1994 28 June 1994 12 July 1994 15 September 1994 20 September 1994 18 October 1994 16 November 1994 24 November 1994 25 January 1995 23 February 1995 21 March 1995 11 May 1995 31 May 1995 04 July 1995 10 July 1995 13 July 1995 09 October 1995 16 October 1995 06 November 1995 28 November 1995 24 January 1996 27 January 1996 04 March 1996 21 March 1996 17 April 1996 25 April 1996 15 May 1996 06 June 1996 06 June 1996 25 June 1996 25 June 1996 23 May 1997 27 June 1997 17 November 1997 11 December 1997 23 January 1998 03 August 1998 04 October 1999 Date of entry into force 30 December 1995 30 December 1995 01 September 1995 16 August 1995 24 December 1995 06 March 1997 ... 03 April 1996 07 December 1995 ... 21 June 1996 02 September 1995 08 January 1997 27 July 1997 08 August 1996 10 January 1996 16 March 1997 08 August 1997 15 August 1996 16 May 1997 24 November 1996 22 May 1997 ... 18 July 1997 ... 05 April 1997 01 July 1997 27 April 1997 30 May 1997 12 December 1998 08 May 1997 11 June 1998 ... ... 12 June 1998 ... ... ...
/ 96
Country/territory Belgium/Luxembourgc United Kingdom Germany France Netherlands Canada Italy Austria Denmark China Spain Switzerland Korea, Republic of Turkey United States Poland Bulgaria Greece Cuba Romania Denmark Slovakia Italy Czech Republic Viet Nam Portugal Kuwait India Hungary Albania Sweden Norway Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of Mongolia Italy Ecuador Croatia Korea, Democratic People's Republic of Lao People's Democratic Republic Lebanon Cyprus
Date of signature 09 February 1989 06 April 1989 13 June 1989 04 July 1989 05 October 1989 20 November 1989 30 November 1989 08 February 1990 01 May 1990 21 July 1990 26 October 1990 01 December 1990 14 December 1990 14 December 1990 17 June 1992 02 October 1992 08 June 1993 30 June 1993 07 July 1993 29 September 1993 04 November 1993 30 November 1993 27 January 1994 05 April 1994 16 June 1994 21 July 1994 21 November 1994 23 December 1994 06 March 1995 11 April 1995 19 April 1995 04 October 1995 11 October 1995 29 November 1995 09 April 1996 25 April 1996 20 May 1996 28 November 1996 06 December 1996 08 April 1997 11 April 1997
Date of entry into force 13 October 1991 03 July 1991 05 August 1991 18 July 1991 20 July 1991 27 June 1991 08 July 1991 01 September 1991 ... 26 July 1991 28 November 1991 26 August 1991 10 July 1991 ... ... ... ... 23 February 1997 08 July 1996 19 July 1996 26 August 1996 02 August 1996 27 January 1994 06 June 1996 03 July 1996 ... 30 May 1996 05 August 1996 29 May 1996 29 May 1996 07 June 1996 21 May 1998 19 July 1996 ... 06 January 1997 ... ... ... ... ... ...
/ 97
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Philippines Egypt Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Turkey Uzbekistan Moldova, Republic of Argentina Japan Ukraine Lithuania Rwanda Switzerland Germany Belgium/Luxembourg Saint Lucia United Kingdom Germany 18 January 1983 16 March 1985 18 January 1983 22 July 1987 15 October 1963 18 May 1967 02 November 1983 15 October 1963 28 February 1969 01 August 1985 Date of signature 12 September 1997 23 September 1997 21 October 1997 15 December 1997 22 December 1997 17 April 1998 25 June 1998 13 November 1998 17 November 1998 29 June 1999 Date of entry into force ... ... 09 July 1998 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Germany Sao Tome and Principe Portugal Saudi Arabia Egypt Philippines China Italy Germany Senegal Switzerland Germany Sweden 16 August 1962 24 January 1964 24 February 1967 13 August 1964 16 January 1966 23 February 1968 13 March 1990 17 October 1994 29 February 1996 10 September 1996 29 October 1996 15 September 1992 11 November 1996 01 May 1997 22 May 1998 09 January 1999 18 July 1997 ... 25 March 1986 08 January 1989
/ 98
Country/territory France Netherlands Romania United Kingdom United States Tunisia Korea, Republic of Argentina Taiwan Province of China Egypt South Africa Qatar Malaysia Seychelles Cyprus Sierra Leone Germany United Kingdom Singapore Netherlands Germany United Kingdom France Switzerland Belgium/Luxembourg Sri Lanka China Taiwan Province of China Indonesia Viet Nam Poland Pakistan Czech Republic Mongolia Cambodia Lao People's Democratic Republic Egypt
Date of signature 29 March 1974 03 August 1979 19 April 1980 07 May 1980 06 December 1983 17 May 1984 12 July 1984 06 April 1993 24 October 1997 05 March 1998 05 June 1998 10 June 1998 11 February 1999
Date of entry into force ... 05 May 1981 20 May 1984 09 February 1984 25 October 1990 ... 02 September 1985 ... ... ... ... ... ...
28 May 1998
19 March 1999
08 April 1965 08 December 1981
10 December 1966 ...
16 May 1972 03 October 1973 22 July 1975 08 September 1975 06 March 1978 17 November 1978 09 May 1980 21 November 1985 09 April 1990 28 August 1990 29 October 1992 03 June 1993 08 March 1995 08 April 1995 24 July 1995 04 November 1996 24 March 1997 15 April 1997
07 September 1973 01 October 1975 22 July 1975 18 October 1976 03 May 1978 27 November 1980 30 September 1980 07 February 1986 09 April 1990 28 August 1990 25 December 1992 29 December 1993 04 May 1995 08 October 1995 14 January 1996 ... 26 March 1998 01 March 1998
/ 99
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Hungary Latvia Slovenia Slovakiad Czech Republic Hungary Slovenia Russian Federation Tajikistan Romania Ukraine Indonesia Bulgaria Poland Uzbekistan Portugal Turkmenistan Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of Croatia Cuba Egypt Latvia Italy Korea, Democratic People's Republic of Slovenia Sweden Czech Republic Slovakia China Germany Switzerland Romania Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Poland United Kingdom Netherlands Hungary 10 November 1978 04 May 1993 28 July 1993 13 September 1993 28 October 1993 09 November 1995 24 January 1996 05 June 1996 28 June 1996 03 July 1996 24 September 1996 15 October 1996 21 November 1979 21 May 1994 28 March 1996 01 January 1995 18 July 1998 20 March 1997 24 November 1996 ... ... 27 March 1999 01 August 1998 ... 23 November 1992 15 January 1993 28 July 1993 30 November 1993 14 February 1994 03 March 1994 22 June 1994 12 July 1994 21 July 1994 18 August 1994 16 May 1995 10 July 1995 17 November 1995 07 February 1996 12 February 1996 22 March 1997 30 April 1997 09 April 1998 30 July 1998 27 October 1998 01 January 1993 19 July 1996 28 March 1996 02 August 1996 12 March 1996 07 March 1996 03 April 1996 01 March 1995 09 March 1995 14 March 1996 04 February 1999 ... 10 March 1999 16 July 1998 05 February 1997 05 December 1997 ... 30 October 1998 ... 17 April 1999 Date of signature 17 April 1997 07 July 1998 25 January 1999 Date of entry into force 01 January 1999 18 March 1999 ...
/ 100
Country/territory Portugal Greece Albania Croatia France Israel Finland Bulgaria Lithuania Egypt Singapore Belgium/Luxembourg Ukraine Denmark Spain Sweden Somalia Germany South Africa United Kingdom Netherlands Switzerland Korea, Republic of Germany France Canada Cuba Denmark Austria Mozambique Italy Iran, Islamic Republic of China Mauritius Sweden Senegal Ghana Argentina Belgium/Luxembourg Finland
Date of signature 14 May 1997 29 May 1997 23 October 1997 12 December 1997 11 February 1998 13 May 1998 01 June 1998 30 June 1998 13 October 1998 28 October 1998 25 January 1999 01 February 1999 30 March 1999 12 May 1999 15 July 1999 05 October 1999
Date of entry into force ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
27 November 1981
15 February 1985
20 September 1994 09 May 1995 27 June 1995 07 July 1995 11 September 1995 11 October 1995 27 November 1995 08 December 1995 22 February 1996 28 November 1996 06 May 1997 09 June 1997 03 November 1997 30 December 1997 17 February 1998 25 May 1998 05 June 1998 09 July 1998 23 July 1998 14 August 1998 14 September 1998
27 May 1998 01 May 1999 29 November 1997 28 June 1997 10 April 1998 22 June 1997 ... 07 April 1997 23 April 1997 01 January 1998 ... ... ... 01 April 1998 17 February 1998 ... ... ... ... ... ...
/ 101
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Spain Egypt Chile Czech Republic Spain Morocco Hungary Bolivia Russian Federation Czechoslovakia Tunisia Chile Argentina China Uruguay Poland Egypt Paraguay Philippines Korea, Republic of Nicaragua Honduras Kazakhstan Cuba Lithuania Pakistan Peru Algeria Romania El Salvador Turkey Gabon Dominican Republic Malaysia Indonesia Colombia Mexico Bulgaria Latvia Venezuela Lebanon Ecuador 27 September 1989 09 November 1989 24 April 1990 26 October 1990 12 December 1990 28 May 1991 02 October 1991 03 October 1991 06 February 1992 07 April 1992 30 July 1992 03 November 1992 11 October 1993 19 October 1993 17 January 1994 16 March 1994 18 March 1994 23 March 1994 27 May 1994 06 July 1994 15 September 1994 17 November 1994 23 December 1994 25 January 1995 14 February 1995 15 February 1995 02 March 1995 16 March 1995 04 April 1995 30 May 1995 09 June 1995 23 June 1995 05 September 1995 26 October 1995 02 November 1995 22 February 1996 26 June 1996 15 January 1992 01 August 1992 12 May 1992 28 November 1991 28 November 1991 20 June 1994 28 March 1994 28 September 1992 01 May 1993 06 May 1994 01 May 1993 26 April 1994 22 November 1996 21 September 1994 19 July 1994 28 March 1995 23 May 1996 22 June 1995 09 June 1995 22 December 1995 26 April 1996 17 February 1996 17 January 1996 07 December 1995 20 February 1996 03 March 1998 ... 07 October 1996 16 February 1996 12 February 1997 ... 18 December 1996 22 April 1998 14 March 1997 10 September 1997 ... 18 June 1997 Date of signature 30 September 1998 28 October 1998 12 November 1998 14 December 1998 Date of entry into force ... ... ... ...
/ 102
Country/territory Costa Rica Croatia India Panama Estonia Morocco Ukraine South Africa Slovenia Jordan Sri Lanka Germany United Kingdom Korea, Republic of France Singapore Romania Switzerland Japan Belgium/Luxembourg Malaysia Sweden Netherlands Finland Denmark Norway China Italy United States Thailand Egypt Indonesia India Pakistan Sudan Germany Netherlands Switzerland Egypt France
Date of signature 08 July 1997 21 July 1997 30 September 1997 10 November 1997 11 November 1997 11 December 1997 26 February 1998 30 September 1998 15 July 1999 20 October 1999
Date of entry into force ... 17 September 1998 15 December 1998 31 July 1998 01 July 1998 ... ... ... ... ...
08 November 1963 13 February 1980 28 March 1980 10 April 1980 09 May 1980 09 February 1981 23 September 1981 01 March 1982 05 April 1982 16 April 1982 30 April 1982 26 April 1984 27 April 1985 04 June 1985 13 June 1985 13 March 1986 25 March 1987 20 September 1991 03 January 1996 11 March 1996 10 June 1996 22 January 1997 20 December 1997
07 December 1966 18 December 1980 15 July 1980 19 April 1982 30 September 1980 03 June 1982 12 February 1982 07 August 1982 26 April 1984 31 October 1995 30 April 1982 01 May 1985 25 October 1987 04 June 1985 13 June 1985 25 March 1987 20 March 1990 01 May 1993 14 May 1996 10 March 1998 ... 13 February 1998 ...
07 February 1963 22 August 1970 17 February 1974 28 May 1977 31 July 1978
24 November 1967 27 March 1972 14 December 1974 14 March 1978 05 July 1980
/ 103
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Romania China Indonesia Qatar Malaysia Morocco Yemen Iran, Islamic Republic of Oman Turkey Suriname Indonesia Cuba Swaziland Germany 05 April 1990 United Kingdom 05 May 1995 Taiwan Province of China 03 March 1998 Sweden Cte d'Ivoire Madagascar Senegal Egypt Croatia Slovenia Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of Malaysia Pakistan China Sri Lanka Yemen Tunisia Hungary Poland Bolivia Morocco Czechoslovakia Argentina 27 August 1965 02 April 1966 24 February 1967 15 July 1978 10 November 1978 10 November 1978 10 November 1978 03 March 1979 12 March 1981 29 March 1982 30 April 1982 29 October 1983 15 September 1984 21 April 1987 13 October 1989 20 September 1990 26 September 1990 13 November 1990 22 November 1991 03 November 1966 23 June 1967 23 February 1968 29 January 1979 21 November 1979 21 November 1979 21 November 1979 06 July 1979 14 June 1981 29 March 1982 30 April 1982 23 February 1984 13 May 1985 21 April 1987 04 January 1990 03 July 1992 ... 23 September 1991 28 September 1992 07 August 1995 05 May 1995 ... 28 October 1995 07 January 1999 ... ... Date of signature 08 December 1978 30 May 1997 10 February 1998 03 June 1998 02 August 1998 23 February 1999 10 August 1999 07 September 1999 25 October 1999 19 December 1999 Date of entry into force 05 December 1979 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
/ 104
Country/territory Latvia Lithuania Estonia Indonesia Chile Viet Nam Bulgaria Peru Hong Kong, China Belarus Albania Russian Federation Oman Ukraine Korea, Republic of Lao People's Democratic Republic Venezuela Turkey Uruguay Zimbabwe Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of South Africa Philippines Slovenia Switzerland Tunisia Niger Guinea Cte d'Ivoire Senegal Congo Cameroon Liberia Rwanda Togo Madagascar Malta Tanzania, United Republic of Costa Rica
Date of signature 10 March 1992 17 March 1992 31 March 1992 17 September 1992 24 May 1993 08 September 1993 19 April 1994 03 May 1994 27 May 1994 20 December 1994 31 March 1995 19 April 1995 13 July 1995 15 August 1995 30 August 1995 29 August 1996 25 November 1996 11 April 1997 17 June 1997 06 October 1997 07 May 1998 25 May 1998 17 August 1999 05 October 1999
Date of entry into force 06 November 1992 02 September 1992 20 May 1992 18 February 1993 30 December 1995 02 August 1994 01 April 1995 01 August 1994 26 June 1994 01 November 1996 01 April 1996 07 June 1996 06 June 1996 01 March 1997 18 June 1997 01 January 1997 05 January 1998 08 October 1998 ... ... 01 October 1998 ... ... ...
02 December 1961 28 March 1962 26 April 1962 26 June 1962 16 August 1962 18 October 1962 28 January 1963 23 July 1963 15 October 1963 17 January 1964 17 March 1964 20 January 1965 03 May 1965 01 September 1965
19 January 1964 17 November 1962 29 July 1963 18 November 1962 13 August 1964 11 July 1964 06 April 1964 22 September 1964 15 October 1963 09 August 1966 31 March 1966 23 February 1965 16 September 1965 18 August 1966
/ 105
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Benin Chad Ecuador Burkina Faso Korea, Republic of Uganda Gabon Congo, Democratic Republic of the Central African Republic Egypt Indonesia Sudan Mauritania Jordan Syrian Arab Republic Malaysia Singapore Mali Sri Lanka Panama Morocco China Bolivia Turkey Hungary Uruguay Poland Czechoslovakia Russian Federation Jamaica Argentina Ghana Bulgaria Cape Verde Chile Peru Paraguay Viet Nam Albania Estonia Latvia Lithuania Uzbekistan Date of signature 20 April 1966 21 February 1967 02 May 1968 06 May 1969 07 April 1971 23 August 1971 28 January 1972 10 March 1972 28 February 1973 25 July 1973 06 February 1974 17 February 1974 09 September 1976 11 November 1976 22 June 1977 01 March 1978 06 March 1978 08 March 1978 23 September 1981 19 October 1983 17 December 1985 12 November 1986 06 November 1987 03 March 1988 05 October 1988 07 October 1988 08 November 1989 05 October 1990 01 December 1990 11 December 1990 12 April 1991 08 October 1991 28 October 1991 28 October 1991 11 November 1991 22 November 1991 31 January 1992 03 July 1992 22 September 1992 21 December 1992 22 December 1992 23 December 1992 16 April 1993 Date of entry into force 06 October 1973 31 October 1967 09 November 1969 15 September 1969 07 April 1971 08 May 1972 18 October 1972 10 May 1973 04 July 1973 04 June 1974 09 April 1976 14 December 1974 30 May 1978 02 March 1977 10 August 1978 09 June 1978 03 May 1978 08 December 1978 12 February 1982 22 August 1985 12 April 1991 18 March 1987 13 May 1991 21 February 1990 16 May 1989 22 April 1991 17 April 1990 07 August 1991 26 August 1991 21 November 1991 06 November 1992 16 June 1993 26 October 1993 06 May 1992 ... 23 November 1993 28 September 1992 03 December 1992 30 April 1993 18 August 1993 16 April 1993 13 May 1993 05 November 1993
/ 106
Country/territory Belarus Honduras Romania Venezuela Gambia Kazakhstan Namibia Zambia Hong Kong, China Brazil El Salvador Barbados Ukraine South Africa Mexico Pakistan Slovenia Moldova, Republic of Cuba Zimbabwe Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Cambodia Croatia Lao People's Democratic Republic Mongolia Philippines India Thailand Iran, Islamic Republic of Botswana Ethiopia Kuwait United Arab Emirates Armenia Mauritius Nicaragua Korea, Democratic People's Republic of Kyrgyzstan
Date of signature 28 May 1993 14 October 1993 25 October 1993 18 November 1993 22 November 1993 12 May 1994 01 August 1994 03 August 1994 22 September 1994 11 November 1994 08 December 1994 29 March 1995 20 April 1995 27 June 1995 10 July 1995 11 July 1995 09 November 1995 30 November 1995 28 June 1996 15 August 1996 26 September 1996 12 October 1996 30 October 1996 04 December 1996 29 January 1997 31 March 1997 04 April 1997 17 November 1997 08 March 1998 26 June 1998 26 June 1998 31 October 1998 03 November 1998 19 November 1998 26 November 1998 30 November 1998 14 December 1998 29 January 1999
Date of entry into force 13 July 1994 ... 30 July 1994 30 November 1994 30 March 1994 13 May 1998 ... 07 March 1995 22 October 1994 ... 16 September 1996 22 December 1995 21 January 1997 29 November 1997 14 March 1996 06 May 1996 20 March 1997 29 November 1996 07 November 1997 ... 06 May 1997 ... ... 04 December 1996 ... 23 April 1999 ... ... ... ... 07 December 1998 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
/ 107
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Syrian Arab Republic Switzerland Germany France Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Pakistan Yemen China Lebanon Egypt Indonesia United Arab Emirates Iran, Islamic Republic of Taiwan Province of China Singapore Philippines Panama Paraguay Nicaragua Latvia Malaysia Viet Nam Nigeria Malawi Honduras Thailand El Salvador Senegal Swaziland Costa Rica Tajikistana China Czech Republic Slovakia Pakistan Kuwait Korea, Republic of Iran, Islamic Republic of India 09 March 1993 11 February 1994 14 February 1994 31 March 1994 18 April 1995 14 July 1995 18 July 1995 13 December 1995 20 January 1994 05 December 1995 12 March 1996 ... 12 June 1998 13 August 1995 ... ... 09 April 1990 28 February 1992 26 March 1992 06 April 1992 29 July 1992 17 September 1992 18 February 1993 21 April 1993 07 April 1994 22 April 1995 26 February 1996 30 April 1996 30 August 1996 24 October 1997 03 March 1998 25 March 1999 09 April 1990 28 February 1992 14 July 1992 11 September 1992 08 January 1993 08 October 1993 18 February 1993 23 April 1993 07 April 1994 ... ... 30 April 1996 25 February 1997 ... ... ... 22 June 1977 02 August 1977 28 November 1977 08 February 1993 25 April 1996 09 October 1996 09 December 1996 12 January 1997 28 April 1997 27 June 1997 26 November 1997 05 February 1998 10 August 1978 20 April 1980 01 March 1979 ... ... ... ... 13 October 1998 ... ... ... ... Date of signature Date of entry into force
/ 108
Country/territory United Arab Emirates Turkey Viet Nam Tanzania, United Republic of Germany Switzerland Netherlands United Kingdom Egypt Korea, Republic of Denmark Thailand Germany Netherlands United Kingdom China Belgium/Luxembourg Bangladesh Korea, Republic of Lao People's Democratic Republic Czechoslovakia Hungary Viet Nam Peru Poland Romania Czech Republic Finland Cambodia Philippines Sri Lanka Taiwan Province of China Canada Switzerland Indonesia Togo Germany
Date of signature 17 December 1995 06 May 1996 19 January 1999
Date of entry into force ... ... ...
30 January 1965 03 May 1965 14 April 1970 07 January 1994 30 April 1997 18 December 1998 22 April 1999
12 July 1968 16 September 1965 28 July 1972 02 August 1996 ... ... ...
13 December 1961 06 June 1972 28 November 1978 12 March 1985 19 March 1986 13 March 1988 24 March 1989 22 August 1990 16 October 1991 18 October 1991 30 October 1991 15 November 1991 18 December 1992 30 April 1993 12 February 1994 18 March 1994 29 March 1995 30 September 1995 03 January 1996 30 April 1996 17 January 1997 17 November 1997 17 February 1998
10 April 1965 03 March 1973 11 August 1979 13 December 1985 ... ... 30 September 1989 07 December 1990 ... 18 October 1991 07 February 1992 15 November 1991 10 August 1993 20 August 1994 04 May 1995 18 May 1996 16 April 1997 06 September 1996 14 May 1996 30 April 1996 24 September 1998 ... 05 November 1998
16 May 1961
21 December 1964
/ 109
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Switzerland Tunisia Tonga United Kingdom Trinidad and Tobago United Kingdom France United States Canada Cuba Tunisia Switzerland Netherlands Germany Belgium/Luxembourg France Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Kuwait Korea, Republic of Senegal Sweden Italy Mauritania Mali Togo Romania United Kingdom United States Guinea Egypt Spain Turkey Oman Portugal Indonesia Niger Argentina Greece 02 December 1961 23 May 1963 20 December 1963 15 July 1964 30 June 1972 06 June 1973 14 September 1973 23 May 1975 17 May 1984 15 September 1984 17 October 1985 11 March 1986 01 July 1986 13 September 1987 23 September 1987 14 March 1989 15 May 1990 18 November 1990 08 December 1990 28 May 1991 29 May 1991 19 October 1991 11 March 1992 13 May 1992 05 June 1992 17 June 1992 31 October 1992 19 January 1964 19 December 1964 06 February 1966 09 March 1966 30 June 1972 ... ... 28 November 1975 ... 13 May 1985 24 June 1989 ... ... ... 04 February 1989 04 January 1990 07 February 1993 ... 02 January 1991 20 June 1994 07 February 1993 ... 06 December 1994 12 September 1992 ... 23 January 1995 21 April 1995 23 July 1993 28 October 1993 26 September 1994 11 September 1995 26 May 1999 08 October 1993 16 May 1996 26 December 1996 08 July 1996 ... 22 October 1997 22 October 1997 Date of signature 17 January 1964 13 September 1987 Date of entry into force 09 August 1966 ...
/ 110
Country/territory Burkina Faso Poland Albania Morocco Jordan Cte d'Ivoire Austria Romania United Arab Emirates Pakistan Denmark Czech Republic Belgium/Luxembourg France Netherlands Lebanon Chile Turkey Germany United States Netherlands Belgium/Luxembourg Bangladesh Switzerland Austria Kuwait Denmark China Russian Federation Romania United Kingdom Korea, Republic of Tunisia Poland Hungary Japan Kyrgyzstan Uzbekistan Czechoslovakia Kazakhstan Turkmenistan Argentina
Date of signature 07 January 1993 29 March 1993 30 October 1993 28 January 1994 27 April 1995 16 May 1995 01 June 1995 16 October 1995 10 April 1996 18 April 1996 28 June 1996 06 January 1997 08 January 1997 20 October 1997 11 May 1998 24 June 1998 23 October 1998
Date of entry into force ... 22 September 1993 ... ... 23 November 1995 ... 01 January 1997 08 August 1997 ... ... 11 April 1997 08 July 1998 ... 18 January 1999 ... ... ...
20 June 1962 03 December 1985 27 March 1986 27 August 1986 12 November 1987 03 March 1988 16 September 1988 27 October 1988 07 February 1990 13 November 1990 14 December 1990 24 January 1991 15 March 1991 14 May 1991 29 May 1991 21 August 1991 14 January 1992 12 February 1992 28 April 1992 28 April 1992 30 April 1992 01 May 1992 02 May 1992 08 May 1992
16 December 1965 18 May 1990 01 November 1986 04 May 1990 21 June 1990 21 February 1990 01 January 1992 25 April 1992 01 August 1992 19 August 1994 ... 17 April 1996 22 October 1996 04 June 1994 07 February 1993 19 August 1994 01 March 1995 12 March 1993 31 October 1996 18 May 1995 01 August 1997 10 August 1995 13 March 1997 01 May 1995
/ 111
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Albania Georgia Finland Jordan Azerbaijan Moldova, Republic of Bulgaria Lithuania Spain Pakistan Italy Belarus Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Croatia Israel Tajikistan Egypt Nigeria Ukraine Iran, Islamic Republic of Latvia Indonesia Morocco Sweden Estonia Russian Federation Cuba Bosnia and Herzegovina Malaysia Mongolia Algeria Chile India Philippines Sudan Turkmenistana Turkey China France Malaysia Indonesia 02 May 1992 21 November 1992 28 April 1994 30 May 1994 02 June 1994 13 March 1997 04 April 1996 02 May 1996 ... ... Date of signature 01 June 1992 30 July 1992 13 May 1993 02 August 1993 09 February 1994 14 February 1994 06 July 1994 11 July 1994 15 February 1995 16 March 1995 22 March 1995 08 August 1995 09 September 1995 12 February 1996 14 March 1996 06 May 1996 04 October 1996 08 October 1996 27 November 1996 21 December 1996 18 February 1997 25 February 1997 08 April 1997 11 April 1997 03 June 1997 15 December 1997 22 December 1997 21 January 1998 26 February 1998 16 March 1998 03 June 1998 21 August 1998 17 September 1998 22 February 1999 19 December 1999 Date of entry into force ... 28 July 1993 12 April 1995 ... ... ... 19 September 1997 07 July 1997 03 March 1998 ... ... 20 February 1997 27 October 1997 21 April 1998 27 August 1998 ... ... ... 21 May 1998 ... 03 March 1999 ... ... 08 October 1998 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
/ 112
Country/territory Pakistan Romania United Kingdom Egypt Israel India Slovakia Uzbekistan Iran, Islamic Republic of Armenia Georgia Germany Ukraine Uganda Germany Netherlands Switzerland Egypt Italy United Kingdom Ukrainea Finland Denmark China Mongolia Egypt Poland United Kingdom Germany Uzbekistan Kyrgyzstan Lithuania United States Czech Republic France Viet Nam Israel Slovakia Netherlands Greece
Date of signature 26 October 1994 16 November 1994 09 February 1995 23 May 1995 24 May 1995 20 September 1995 17 November 1995 16 January 1996 23 January 1996 19 March 1996 20 March 1996 28 August 1997 29 January 1998
Date of entry into force ... ... 09 February 1995 28 February 1996 18 February 1997 ... 10 March 1999 02 August 1996 ... ... 21 November 1996 ... ...
29 November 1966 24 April 1970 23 August 1971 04 November 1995 12 December 1997 24 April 1998
19 August 1968 ... 08 May 1972 ... ... 24 April 1998
14 May 1992 23 October 1992 31 October 1992 05 November 1992 21 December 1992 12 January 1993 10 February 1993 15 February 1993 20 February 1993 23 February 1993 08 February 1994 04 March 1994 17 March 1994 03 May 1994 08 June 1994 16 June 1994 22 June 1994 14 July 1994 01 September 1994
30 January 1994 29 April 1994 29 May 1993 05 November 1992 10 October 1993 14 September 1993 10 February 1993 29 June 1996 06 June 1994 ... 06 March 1995 16 November 1996 02 November 1995 26 January 1996 08 December 1994 18 February 1997 03 April 1996 01 June 1997 04 January 1997
/ 113
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Kazakhstan Armenia Hungary Canada Bulgaria Georgia Estonia Romania Lebanon Switzerland Italy Belgium/Luxembourg Cuba Argentina Sweden Moldova, Republic of Chile Belarus Indonesia Iran, Islamic Republic of Austria Turkey Korea, Republic of Azerbaijan Latvia Croatia Turkmenistan Spain Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Russian Federation Slovenia United Arab Emirates Kuwait Morocco Egypt France Malaysia United Kingdom Poland Romania China 12 February 1966 16 June 1982 19 June 1988 09 September 1991 11 October 1991 08 December 1992 31 January 1993 11 April 1993 01 July 1993 ... ... ... 10 January 1995 22 May 1992 15 December 1993 09 April 1994 07 April 1996 28 September 1994 Date of signature 17 September 1994 07 October 1994 11 October 1994 24 October 1994 08 December 1994 09 January 1995 15 February 1995 23 February 1995 25 March 1995 20 April 1995 02 May 1995 20 May 1995 20 May 1995 09 August 1995 15 August 1995 29 August 1995 30 October 1995 14 December 1995 11 April 1996 21 May 1996 08 November 1996 27 November 1996 16 December 1996 21 March 1997 24 July 1997 15 December 1997 29 January 1998 26 February 1998 02 March 1998 17 November 1998 30 March 1999 Date of entry into force 09 January 1997 07 March 1996 03 December 1996 24 June 1995 10 December 1995 24 April 1995 05 July 1995 ... ... 21 January 1997 12 September 1997 ... 04 December 1996 06 May 1997 01 March 1997 20 May 1996 29 August 1997 11 June 1997 22 June 1997 ... 01 December 1997 21 May 1998 03 November 1997 09 December 1997 30 December 1997 ... ... ... ... ... ...
/ 114
Country/territory Czech Republic Italy Pakistan Tajikistan Finland Tunisia Germany Syrian Arab Republic Switzerland Morocco United Kingdom Egypt Singapore Korea, Republic of Romania Indonesia Thailand Jordan Sri Lanka Senegal Bangladesh Philippines Lesotho Papua New Guinea Malaysia Paraguay Sierra Leone Yemen Belize Cameroon Costa Rica Saint Lucia Panama Haiti China Mauritius Malta Jamaica Dominica Hungary Antigua and Barbuda Benin
Date of signature 23 November 1994 22 January 1995 05 November 1995 17 December 1995 12 March 1996 10 April 1996 21 June 1997 26 November 1997 03 November 1998 09 February 1999
Date of entry into force 25 December 1995 29 April 1997 ... ... 15 May 1997 ... ... ... ... ...
11 June 1975 22 July 1975 04 March 1976 19 March 1976 27 April 1976 28 November 1978 10 October 1979 13 February 1980 07 May 1980 19 June 1980 03 December 1980 18 February 1981 14 May 1981 21 May 1981 04 June 1981 08 December 1981 25 February 1982 30 April 1982 04 June 1982 07 September 1982 18 January 1983 07 October 1983 18 March 1985 15 May 1986 20 May 1986 04 October 1986 20 January 1987 23 January 1987 09 March 1987 12 June 1987 27 November 1987
24 February 1976 22 July 1975 04 March 1976 22 November 1976 24 March 1977 11 August 1979 24 April 1980 18 December 1980 09 February 1984 19 June 1980 02 January 1981 18 February 1981 22 December 1981 21 October 1988 23 April 1992 ... 11 November 1983 30 April 1982 07 June 1985 ... 18 January 1983 07 November 1985 27 March 1995 15 May 1986 13 October 1986 04 October 1986 14 May 1987 23 January 1987 28 August 1987 12 June 1987 27 November 1987
/ 115
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Poland Grenada Bolivia Tunisia Ghana Russian Federation Congo Guyana Czechoslovakia Burundi Morocco Argentina Nigeria Turkey Mongolia Uruguay Bahrain United Arab Emirates Ukraine Nepal Barbados Lithuania Armenia Trinidad and Tobago Peru Uzbekistan Honduras Tanzania, United Republic of Latvia Belarus Colombia India Albania Ecuador Estonia Brazil South Africa Pakistan Kyrgyzstan Cuba Turkmenistan Georgia Zimbabwe Date of signature 08 December 1987 25 February 1988 24 May 1988 14 March 1989 22 March 1989 06 April 1989 25 May 1989 27 October 1989 10 July 1990 13 September 1990 30 October 1990 11 December 1990 11 December 1990 15 March 1991 04 October 1991 21 October 1991 30 October 1991 08 December 1992 10 February 1993 02 March 1993 07 April 1993 17 May 1993 27 May 1993 23 July 1993 04 October 1993 24 November 1993 07 December 1993 07 January 1994 24 January 1994 01 March 1994 09 March 1994 14 March 1994 30 March 1994 10 May 1994 12 May 1994 19 July 1994 20 September 1994 30 November 1994 08 December 1994 30 January 1995 09 February 1995 15 February 1995 01 March 1995 Date of entry into force 14 April 1988 25 February 1988 16 February 1990 04 January 1990 25 October 1991 03 July 1991 09 November 1990 11 April 1990 26 October 1992 13 September 1990 ... 19 February 1993 11 December 1990 22 October 1996 04 October 1991 01 August 1997 30 October 1991 15 December 1993 10 February 1993 02 March 1993 07 April 1993 21 September 1993 11 July 1996 08 October 1993 21 April 1994 24 November 1993 08 March 1995 02 August 1996 16 February 1995 28 December 1994 ... 06 January 1995 30 August 1995 24 August 1995 16 December 1994 ... 27 May 1998 30 November 1994 18 June 1998 11 May 1995 09 February 1995 15 February 1995 ...
/ 116
Country/territory Venezuela Swaziland Lao People's Democratic Republic Cte d'Ivoire Romania Kazakhstan Oman Bulgaria Azerbaijan Chile Moldova, Republic of Slovenia Nicaragua Croatia Tonga Uganda Hong Kong, China Lebanon United States Panama Senegal Haiti Congo, Democratic Republic of the Morocco Turkey Cameroon Egypt Bangladesh Grenada Congo Poland Tunisia Sri Lanka Czechoslovakia Argentina Kazakhstan Romania Russian Federation Armenia Bulgaria
Date of signature 15 March 1995 05 May 1995 01 June 1995 08 June 1995 13 July 1995 23 November 1995 25 November 1995 11 December 1995 04 January 1996 08 January 1996 19 March 1996 03 July 1996 04 December 1996 11 March 1997 22 October 1997 24 April 1998 30 July 1998 16 February 1999
Date of entry into force 01 August 1996 05 May 1995 01 June 1995 09 October 1997 10 January 1996 23 November 1995 21 May 1996 24 June 1997 11 December 1996 21 April 1997 30 July 1998 27 March 1999 ... 16 April 1998 22 October 1997 24 April 1998 12 April 1999 ...
27 October 1982 06 December 1983 13 December 1983 03 August 1984 22 July 1985 03 December 1985 26 February 1986 11 March 1986 12 March 1986 02 May 1986 12 February 1990 21 March 1990 15 May 1990 20 September 1991 22 October 1991 14 November 1991 19 May 1992 28 May 1992 17 June 1992 23 September 1992 23 September 1992
30 May 1991 25 October 1990 ... 28 July 1989 29 May 1991 18 May 1990 06 April 1989 27 June 1992 25 July 1989 03 March 1989 13 August 1994 06 August 1994 07 February 1993 01 May 1993 19 December 1992 20 October 1994 12 January 1994 15 January 1994 ... 29 March 1996 02 June 1994
/ 117
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Kyrgyzstan Moldova, Republic of Ecuador Belarus Jamaica Ukraine Georgia Estonia Trinidad and Tobago Mongolia Uzbekistan Albania Latvia Honduras Nicaragua Croatia Jordan Azerbaijan Lithuania Bolivia Mozambique El Salvador Uruguay Paraguay Ecuador Germany Netherlands Switzerland Hungary Italy Romania Canada Poland United Kingdom Belgium/Luxembourg Spain France China Malaysia Chile Czech Republic Venezuela 25 March 1976 31 July 1985 04 May 1987 22 September 1988 07 October 1988 25 August 1989 21 February 1990 23 November 1990 16 May 1991 02 August 1991 21 October 1991 04 November 1991 07 April 1992 14 October 1993 02 December 1993 09 August 1995 26 October 1995 26 September 1996 20 May 1997 ... 31 July 1985 29 June 1990 01 August 1991 22 April 1991 01 July 1992 02 March 1998 29 August 1993 ... 21 October 1994 01 August 1997 ... 06 May 1994 04 July 1997 01 December 1997 ... 22 April 1999 ... ... Date of signature 19 January 1993 21 April 1993 27 August 1993 15 January 1994 04 February 1994 04 March 1994 07 March 1994 19 April 1994 26 September 1994 06 October 1994 16 December 1994 11 January 1995 13 January 1995 01 July 1995 01 July 1995 13 July 1996 02 July 1997 01 August 1997 14 January 1998 17 April 1998 01 December 1998 10 March 1999 Date of entry into force 12 January 1994 25 November 1994 11 May 1997 ... 07 March 1997 16 November 1996 17 August 1997 16 February 1997 26 December 1996 04 January 1997 ... 04 January 1998 26 December 1996 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
/ 118
Country/territory Sweden Portugal Canada Panama Israel Uzbekistana Azerbaijan Belgium/Luxembourg Bulgaria China Czech Republic Egypt Finland France Georgia Germany Greece India Indonesia Israel Italy Kazakhstan Korea, Republic of Kyrgyzstan Latvia Moldova, Republic of Netherlands Pakistan Poland Romania Russian Federation Slovakia Switzerland Turkey Turkmenistan Ukraine United Kingdom United States Viet Nam
Date of signature 17 June 1997 25 July 1997 29 October 1997 18 February 1998 30 March 1998
Date of entry into force ... ... ... ... ...
27 May 1996 17 April 1998 24 June 1998 13 March 1992 15 January 1997 16 December 1992 01 October 1992 27 October 1993 04 September 1995 28 April 1993 01 April 1997 18 May 1999 27 August 1996 04 July 1994 17 September 1997 02 June 1997 17 June 1992 24 December 1996 23 May 1996 21 November 1995 14 March 1996 13 August 1992 11 January 1995 06 June 1996 22 December 1997 16 May 1995 16 April 1993 28 April 1992 16 January 1996 20 February 1993 24 November 1993 16 December 1994 28 March 1996
02 November 1996 ... ... 14 April 1994 06 April 1998 08 February 1994 22 October 1993 15 June 1996 ... 23 May 1998 08 May 1998 ... 27 April 1997 18 February 1997 ... 08 September 1997 20 November 1992 06 February 1997 29 January 1997 17 January 1997 01 July 1997 ... 29 April 1995 30 May 1997 ... 04 February 1999 05 November 1993 18 May 1995 02 August 1996 06 June 1994 24 November 1993 ... 06 March 1998
/ 119
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Venezuela Italy Netherlands Chile Argentina Ecuador Switzerland Portugal Barbados Denmark United Kingdom Lithuania Czech Republic Brazil Spain Peru Germany Canada Paraguay Sweden Cuba Uruguay Belgium/Luxembourg Viet Nam Italy Belgium/Luxembourg Australia Indonesia Thailand Malaysia Philippines France Switzerland Belarus Singapore China Armenia Germany Taiwan Province of China Korea, Republic of Denmark 18 May 1990 24 January 1991 05 March 1991 25 October 1991 30 October 1991 21 January 1992 27 February 1992 26 May 1992 03 July 1992 08 July 1992 29 October 1992 02 December 1992 01 February 1993 03 April 1993 21 April 1993 13 May 1993 23 July 1993 06 May 1994 ... 11 September 1991 03 April 1994 07 February 1992 09 October 1992 29 January 1993 10 August 1994 03 December 1992 24 November 1994 25 December 1992 01 September 1993 ... 19 September 1998 23 April 1993 04 September 1993 07 August 1994 04 June 1990 22 October 1991 02 April 1993 16 November 1993 18 November 1993 18 November 1993 17 June 1994 15 July 1994 28 November 1994 15 March 1995 24 April 1995 27 April 1995 04 July 1995 02 November 1995 12 January 1996 14 May 1996 01 July 1996 05 September 1996 25 November 1996 11 December 1996 20 May 1997 17 March 1998 ... 01 November 1993 25 May 1995 01 July 1995 01 February 1995 30 November 1994 07 October 1995 31 October 1995 19 September 1996 01 August 1996 01 August 1996 23 July 1996 ... 10 September 1997 18 September 1997 16 October 1998 28 January 1998 14 November 1997 05 January 1998 ... ... ... Date of signature Date of entry into force
/ 120
Country/territory Sweden Finland Netherlands Ukraine Russian Federation Hungary Poland Romania Austria Lithuania Cuba Latvia Lao People's Democratic Republic Uzbekistan Argentina Bulgaria Algeria India Egypt Czech Republic Tajikistan Chile Yemen Germany United Kingdom Sweden France Netherlands Egypt Jordan Iran, Islamic Republic of Syrian Arab Republic Malaysia China Indonesia Oman Ethiopia Pakistan Sudan Romania Hungary
Date of signature 08 September 1993 13 September 1993 10 March 1994 08 June 1994 16 June 1994 26 August 1994 31 August 1994 15 September 1994 27 March 1995 27 September 1995 12 October 1995 06 November 1995 14 January 1996 28 March 1996 03 June 1996 19 September 1996 21 October 1996 08 March 1997 06 September 1997 25 November 1997 19 January 1999 16 September 1999
Date of entry into force 02 August 1994 02 May 1996 01 February 1995 08 December 1994 03 July 1996 16 June 1995 24 November 1994 16 August 1995 01 October 1996 ... 01 October 1996 20 February 1996 23 June 1996 06 March 1998 01 June 1997 15 May 1998 ... ... ... 09 July 1998 ... ...
21 June 1974 25 February 1982 29 October 1983 27 April 1984 18 March 1985 19 October 1988 18 June 1995 29 February 1996 09 October 1996 11 February 1998 16 February 1998 20 February 1998 20 September 1998 15 April 1999 11 May 1999 10 August 1999 04 October 1999 12 October 1999
19 December 1978 11 November 1983 23 February 1984 19 July 1991 01 September 1986 03 March 1990 28 January 1998 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
/ 121
Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999 Country/territory Algeria Lebanon Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of France Netherlands Egypt Sweden Germany Austria Russian Federation Romania China Slovakia Bulgaria Belarus Poland Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Zimbabwe Guinea Greece Czech Republic Korea, Republic of Croatia Zambia Germany Switzerland China Zimbabwe Malaysia Portugal United Kingdom Germany China Switzerland Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of 28 April 1994 05 May 1994 01 March 1995 29 September 1995 21 May 1996 15 August 1996 19 September 1996 ... ... ... ... 01 March 1998 ... 22 July 1997 10 December 1966 03 August 1994 21 June 1996 25 August 1972 07 March 1995 ... 28 March 1974 16 February 1976 03 June 1977 10 November 1978 10 July 1989 25 October 1989 10 October 1995 28 November 1995 18 December 1995 07 February 1996 13 February 1996 06 March 1996 03 September 1996 04 September 1996 19 September 1996 22 October 1996 25 June 1997 13 October 1997 26 July 1998 18 August 1998 03 March 1975 01 April 1977 20 March 1979 21 November 1979 26 October 1990 01 June 1991 19 July 1996 16 May 1997 ... 16 July 1998 09 January 1997 25 January 1997 23 January 1997 22 July 1997 22 July 1997 15 July 1998 08 May 1998 ... ... ... Date of signature 25 November 1999 25 November 1999 Date of entry into force ... ...
/ 122
Country/territory Iran, Islamic Republic of Denmark Netherlands Sweden India Indonesia Jamaica Italy Iran, Islamic Republic of Egypt Czech Republic
Date of signature 21 September 1996 25 October 1996 11 December 1996 06 October 1997 10 February 1999 10 February 1999 10 February 1999 16 April 1999 09 May 1999 02 June 1999 13 September 1999
Date of entry into force ... 02 February 1999 01 May 1998 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

a
b c d
Obligations from treaties up to 25 December 1991, concuded by the former Soviet Union, have been assumed by the successor States in accordance with the Alma Alta Declaration. Signed by Belgium only. Signed by Belgium and Luxembourg, but not as an economic union. Obligations from treaties concluded by Czechoslovakia have been assumed as from 1 January 1993 by both the Czech Republic and Slovakia.
/ 123
Selected UNCTAD publications on transnational corporations and foreign direct investment

A. Individual studies World Investment Report 2000: Cross-border Mergers and Acquisitions and Development. 368 p. Sales No. E.99.II.D.20. $45. World Investment Report 2000: Cross-border Mergers and Acquisitions and Development. An Overview. 75 p. Free-of-charge. Investment Policy Review of Peru. 112 p. Sales No. E.99.II.D.7. (forthcoming). $15
Guide dInvestissement au Mali. 108 p. UNCTAD/ITE/IIT/Misc. . Freeof-charge. Investment Regimes in the Arab World: Issues and Policies. 232 p. Sales No. E.00.II.D.32. An Investment Guide to Bangladesh. 66 p. UNCTAD/ITE/IIT/Misc.29. Free-of-charge. Integrating International and Financial Performance at the Enterprise Level. 116 p. Sales No. E.00.II.D.28. $18. Development Strategies and Support Services for SMEs: Proceedings of Four Intergovernmental Expert Meetings, vol. I, 254 p and vol. II, 202 p. UNCTAD/ITE/EDS/Misc.18. Free-of-charge. An Investment Guide to Ethiopia. Free-of-charge. 69 p. UNCTAD/ITE/IIT/Misc.19.
International Investment Instruments: A Compendium, vol. IV, 319 p. Sales No. E.00.II.D.13. $55, vol. V, 505 p. Sales No. E.00.II.D.14. $55.
125
Selected UNCTAD publications on Transnational corporations and foreign direct investment
FDI Determinants and TNCs Strategies: The Case of Brazil. 195 p. Sales No. E.00.II.D.2, $35.
126
World Investment Report 1999: Foreign Direct Investment and the Challenge of Development. 536 p. Sales No. E.99.II.D.3. $45. World Investment Report 1999: Foreign Direct Investment and Challenge of Development. An Overview. 75 p. Free-of-charge. Investment Policy Review of Uganda. 75 p. Sales No. E.99.II.D.24. $15. Investment Policy Review of Egypt. 113 p. Sales No. E.99.II.D.20. $19. Science, Technology and Innovation Policy Review of Colombia. 175 p. Sales No. E.99.II.D.13. $23. Foreign Direct Invesment in Africa: Performance and Potential. 89 p. UNCTAD/ITE/IIT/Misc. 15. Investment Policy Review of Uzbekistan. 64 p. UNCTAD/ITE/IIP/Misc. 13. Free-of-charge. The Financial Crisis in Asia and Foreign Direct Investment: An Assessment. 101 p. Sales No. GV.E.98.0.29. $20. Science, Technology and Innovation Policy Review of Jamaica. 172 p. Sales No. E.98.II.D.7. $42. World Investment Report 1998: Trends and Determinants. 430 p. Sales No. E.98.II.D.5. $45. World Investment Report 1998: Trends and Determinants. An Overview. 67 p. Free-of-charge. Bilateral Investment Treaties in the mid-1990s. 314 p. Sales No. E.98.II.D.8. $46. Handbook on Foreign Direct Investment by Small and Medium-sized Enterprises: Lessons from Asia. 200 p. Sales No. E.98.II.D.4. $48. Handbook on Foreign Direct Investment by Small and Medium-sized Enterprises: Lessons from Asia. Executive Summary and Report on the Kunming Conference. 74 p. Free-of-charge.
127
International Investment Towards the Year 2002. 166 p. Sales No. GV.E.98.0.15. $29. (Joint publication with Invest in France Mission and Arthur Andersen, in collaboration with DATAR.) World Investment Report 1997: Transnational Corporations, Market Structure and Competition Policy. 420 p. Sales No. E.97.II.D.10. $45. World Investment Report 1997: Transnational Corporations, Market Structure and Competition Policy. An Overview. 70 p. Free-of-charge. International Investment Towards the Year 2001. 81 p. Sales No. GV.E.97.0.5. $35. (Joint publication with Invest in France Mission and Arthur Andersen, in collaboration with DATAR.) World Investment Directory. Vol. VI: West Asia 1996. 192 p. Sales No. E.97.II.A.2. $35. World Investment Directory. Vol. V: Africa 1996. 508 p. Sales No. E.97.II.A.1. $75. Sharing Asias Dynamism: Asian Direct Investment in the European Union. 192 p. Sales No. E.97.II.D.1. $26. Transnational Corporations and World Development. 656 p. ISBN 0-41508560-8 (hardback), 0-415-08561-6 (paperback). 65 (hardback), 20.00 (paperback). (Published by International Thomson Business Press on behalf of UNCTAD.) Companies without Borders: Transnational Corporations in the 1990s. 224 p. ISBN 0-415-12526-X. 47.50. (Published by International Thomson Business Press on behalf of UNCTAD.) The New Globalism and Developing Countries. 336 p. ISBN 92-808-0944X. $25. (Published by United Nations University Press.) Investing in Asias Dynamism: European Union Direct Investment in Asia. 124 p. ISBN 92-827-7675-1. ECU 14. (Joint publication with the European Commission.)
128
World Investment Report 1996: Investment, Trade and International Policy Arrangements. 332 p. Sales No. E.96.II.A.14. $45. World Investment Report 1996: Investment, Trade and International Policy Arrangements. An Overview. 51 p. Free-of-charge. International Investment Instruments: A Compendium. Vol. I. 371 p. Sales No. E.96.II.A.9; Vol. II. 577 p. Sales No. E.96.II.A.10; Vol. III. 389 p. Sales No. E.96.II.A.11; the 3-volume set, Sales No. E.96.II.A.12. $125. World Investment Report 1995: Transnational Corporations and Competitiveness. 491 p. Sales No. E.95.II.A.9. $45. World Investment Report 1995: Transnational Corporations and Competitiveness. An Overview. 51 p. Free-of-charge. Accounting for Sustainable Forestry Management. A Case Study. 46 p. Sales No. E.94.II.A.17. $22. Small and Medium-sized Transnational Corporations. Executive Summary and Report of the Osaka Conference. 60 p. Free-of-charge. World Investment Report 1994: Transnational Corporations, Employment and the Workplace. 482 p. Sales No. E.94.II.A.14. $45. World Investment Report 1994: Transnational Corporations, Employment and the Workplace. An Executive Summary. 34 p. Free-of-charge. Liberalizing International Transactions in Services: A Handbook. 182 p. Sales No. E.94.II.A.11. $45. (Joint publication with the World Bank.) World Investment Directory. Vol. IV: Latin America and the Caribbean. 478 p. Sales No. E.94.II.A.10. $65. Conclusions on Accounting and Reporting Corporations. 47 p. Sales No. E.94.II.A.9. $25. by Transnational
Accounting, Valuation and Privatization. 190 p. Sales No. E.94.II.A.3. $25.
129
Environmental Management in Transnational Corporations: Report on the Benchmark Corporate Environment Survey. 278 p. Sales No. E.94.II.A.2. $29.95. Management Consulting: A Survey of the Industry and Its Largest Firms. 100 p. Sales No. E.93.II.A.17. $25. Transnational Corporations: A Selective Bibliography, 1991-1992. 736 p. Sales No. E.93.II.A.16. $75. (English/French.) Small and Medium-sized Transnational Corporations: Role, Impact and Policy Implications. 242 p. Sales No. E.93.II.A.15. $35. World Investment Report 1993: Transnational Corporations and Integrated International Production. 290 p. Sales No. E.93.II.A.14. $45. World Investment Report 1993: Transnational Corporations and Integrated International Production. An Executive Summary. 31 p. ST/CTC/159. Free-of-charge. Foreign Investment and Trade Linkages in Developing Countries. 108 p. Sales No. E.93.II.A.12. $18. World Investment Directory 1992. Vol. III: Developed Countries. 532 p. Sales No. E.93.II.A.9. $75. Transnational Corporations from Developing Countries: Impact on Their Home Countries. 116 p. Sales No. E.93.II.A.8. $15. Debt-Equity Swaps and Development. 150 p. Sales No. E.93.II.A.7. $35. From the Common Market to EC 92: Regional Economic Integration in the European Community and Transnational Corporations. 134 p. Sales No. E.93.II.A.2. $25. World Investment Directory 1992. Vol. II: Central and Eastern Europe. 432 p. Sales No. E.93.II.A.1. $65. (Joint publication with the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe.) The East-West Business Directory 1991/1992. 570 p. Sales No. E.92.II.A.20. $65.
130
World Investment Report 1992: Transnational Corporations as Engines of Growth. 356 p. Sales No. E.92.II.A.19. $45. World Investment Report 1992: Transnational Corporations as Engines of Growth: An Executive Summary. 30 p. Sales No. E.92.II.A.24. Free-ofcharge. World Investment Directory 1992. Vol. I: Asia and the Pacific. 356 p. Sales No. E.92.II.A.11. $65. Climate Change and Transnational Corporations: Analysis and Trends. 110 p. Sales No. E.92.II.A.7. $16.50. Foreign Direct Investment and Transfer of Technology in India. 150 p. Sales No. E.92.II.A.3. $20. The Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment: A Survey of the Evidence. 84 p. Sales No. E.92.II.A.2. $12.50. The Impact of Trade-Related Investment Measures on Trade and Development: Theory, Evidence and Policy Implications. 108 p. Sales No. E.91.II.A.19. $17.50. (Joint publication with the United Nations Centre on Transnational Corporations.) Transnational Corporations and Industrial Hazards Disclosure. 98 p. Sales No. E.91.II.A.18. $17.50. Transnational Business Information: A Manual of Needs and Sources. 216 p. Sales No. E.91.II.A.13. $45. World Investment Report 1991: The Triad in Foreign Direct Investment. 108 p. Sales No.E.91.II.A.12. $25. B. IIA Issues Paper Series Employment. UNCTAD Series on issues in international investment agreements. 69 p. Sales No. E.00.II.D.15. $12.
131
Taxation. UNCTAD Series on issues in international investment agreements. 111 p. Sales No. E.00.II.D.5. $12. International Investment Agreements: Flexibility for Development. UNCTA3D Series on issues in international investment agreements. 185 p. Sales No. E.00.II.D.6. $12. Taking of Property. UNCTAD Series on issues in international investment agreements. 83 p. Sales No. E.00.II.D.4. $12. Trends in International Investment Agreements: An Overview. UNCTAD Series on issues in international investment agreements. 112 p. Sales No. E.99.II.D.23. $ 12. Lessons from the MAI. UNCTAD Series on issues in international investment agreements. 31 p. Sales No. E.99.II.D.26. $ 12. National Treatment. UNCTAD Series on issues in international investment agreements. 104 p. Sales No. E.99.II.D.16. $12. Fair and Equitable Treatment. UNCTAD Series on issues in international investment agreements. 64 p. Sales No. E.99.II.D.15. $12. Investment-Related Trade Measures. UNCTAD Series on issues in international investment agreements. 64 p. Sales No. E.99.II.D.12. $12 (English and Arabic). Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment. UNCTAD Series on issues in international investment agreements. 72p. Sales No. E.99.II.D.11. $12 (English and Arabic). Admission and Establishment. UNCTAD Series on issues in international investment agreements. 72p. Sales No. E.99.II.D.10. $12 (English, French and Arabic). Scope and Definition. UNCTAD Series on issues in international investment agreements. 96p. Sales No. E.99.II.D.9. $12 (English and Arabic). Transfer Pricing. UNCTAD Series on issues in international investment agreements. 72p. Sales No. E.99.II.D.8. $12 (English and Arabic).
132
Foreign Direct Investment and Development. UNCTAD Series on issues in international investment agreements. 88p. Sales No. E.98.II.D.15. $12 (English and Arabic). C. Serial publications Current Studies, Series A No. 30. Incentives and Foreign Direct Investment. 98 p. Sales No. E.96.II.A.6. $30. (English/French.) No. 29. Foreign Direct Investment, Trade, Aid and Migration. 100 p. Sales No. E.96.II.A.8. $25. (Joint publication with the International Organization for Migration.) No. 28. Foreign Direct Investment in Africa. 119 p. Sales No. E.95.II.A.6. $20. No. 27. Tradability of Banking Services: Impact and Implications. 195 p. Sales No. E.94.II.A.12. $50. No. 26. Explaining and Forecasting Regional Flows of Foreign Direct Investment. 58 p. Sales No. E.94.II.A.5. $25. No. 25. International Tradability in Insurance Services. 54 p. Sales No. E.93.II.A.11. $20. No. 24. Intellectual Property Rights and Foreign Direct Investment. 108 p. Sales No. E.93.II.A.10. $20. No. 23. The Transnationalization of Service Industries: An Empirical Analysis of the Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment by Transnational Service Corporations. 62 p. Sales No. E.93.II.A.3. $15. No. 22. Transnational Banks and the External Indebtedness of Developing Countries: Impact of Regulatory Changes. 48 p. Sales No. E.92.II.A.10. $12. No. 20. Foreign Direct Investment, Debt and Home Country Policies. 50 p. Sales No. E.90.II.A.16. $12.
133
No. 19. New Issues in the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations. 52 p. Sales No. E.90.II.A.15. $12.50. No. 18. Foreign Direct Investment and Industrial Restructuring in Mexico. 114 p. Sales No. E.92.II.A.9. $12. No. 17. Government Policies and Foreign Direct Investment. 68 p. Sales No. E.91.II.A.20. $12.50. The United Nations Library on Transnational Corporations (Published by Routledge on behalf of the United Nations.) Set A (Boxed set of 4 volumes. ISBN 0-415-08554-3. 350): Volume One: The Theory of Transnational Corporations. 464 p. Volume Two: Transnational Corporations: A Historical Perspective. 464 p. Volume Three: Transnational Corporations and Economic Development. 448 p. Volume Four: Transnational Corporations and Business Strategy. 416 p. Set B (Boxed set of 4 volumes. ISBN 0-415-08555-1. 350): Volume Five: International Financial Management. 400 p. Volume Six: Organization of Transnational Corporations. 400 p. Volume Seven: Governments and Transnational Corporations. 352 p. Volume Eight: Transnational Corporations and International Trade and Payments. 320 p. Set C (Boxed set of 4 volumes. ISBN 0-415-08556-X. 350): Volume Nine: Transnational Corporations and Regional Economic Integration. 331 p. Volume Ten: Transnational Corporations and the Exploitation of Natural Resources. 397 p. Volume Eleven: Transnational Corporations and Industrialization. 425 p. Volume Twelve: Transnational Corporations in Services. 437 p. Set D (Boxed set of 4 volumes. ISBN 0-415-08557-8. 350): Volume Thirteen: Cooperative Forms of Transnational Corporation Activity. 419 p. Volume Fourteen: Transnational Corporations: Transfer Pricing and Taxation. 330 p.
134
Volume Fifteen: Transnational Corporations: Market Structure and Industrial Performance. 383 p. Volume Sixteen: Transnational Corporations and Human Resources. 429 p. Set E (Boxed set of 4 volumes. ISBN 0-415-08558-6. 350): Volume Seventeen: Transnational Corporations and Innovatory Activities. 447 p. Volume Eighteen: Transnational Corporations and Technology Transfer to Developing Countries. 486 p. Volume Nineteen: Transnational Corporations and National Law. 322 p. Volume Twenty: Transnational Corporations: The International Legal Framework. 545 p. D. Journals Transnational Corporations (formerly The CTC Reporter). Published three times a year. Annual subscription price: $45; individual issues $20. ProInvest, a quarterly newsletter, available free of charge. United Nations publications may be obtained from bookstores and distributors throughout the world. Please consult your bookstore or write to: United Nations Publications Sales Section United Nations Office at Geneva Palais des Nations CH-1211 Geneva 10 Switzerland Tel: (41-22) 917-1234 Fax: (41-22) 917-0123 E-mail: unpubli@unorg.ch OR Sales Section Room DC2-0853 United Nations Secretariat
135
New York, NY 10017 U.S.A. Tel: (1-212) 963-8302 or (800) 253-9646 Fax: (1-212) 963-3489 E-mail: publications@un.org All prices are quoted in United States dollars. For further information on the work of the Division on Investment, Technology and Enterprise Development, UNCTAD, please address inquiries to: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development Division on Investment, Technology and Enterprise Development Palais des Nations, Room E-9123 CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland Telephone: (41-22) 907-5707 Telefax: (41-22) 907-0194
136
Questionnaire
In order to improve the quality and relevance of the work of the UNCTAD Division on Investment, Technology and Enterprise Development, it would be useful to receive the views of readers on this and other similar publications. It would therefore be greatly appreciated if you could complete the following questionnaire and return to: Readership Survey UNCTAD Division on Investment, Technology and Enterprise Development United Nations Office in Geneva Palais des Nations Room E-9123 CH-1211 Geneva 10 Switzerland
1.
Name and address of respondent (optional):
2.
Which of the following best describes your area of work?
Government
Public enterprise
Private enterprise Institution International Organization Not-for-profit organization 3. 4.
Academic or research
Media Other (specify)
In which country do you work? _____________________ What is your assessment of the contents of this publication? Excellent Good Adequate Poor
5.
How useful is this publication to your work? Very useful Irrelevant Of some use
6.
Please indicate the three things you liked best about this publication:
7.
Please indicate the three things you liked least about this publication:
8. If you have read more than the present publication of the UNCTAD Division on Investment, Enterprise Development and Technology, what is your overall assessment of them? Consistently good Generally mediocre 9. Usually good, but with some exceptions Poor
On the average, how useful are these publications to you in your work? Very useful Of some use Irrelevant
10.
Are you a regular recipient of Transnational Corporations (formely The CTC Reporter), UNCTAD-DITES tri-annual refereed journal? Yes No
If not, please check here if you would like to receive a sample copy sent to the name and address you have given above

Bilateral InvestmentTreaties 1959-1999

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Bilateral InvestmentTreaties 1959-1999

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

INTERNET EDITION ONLY

Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999

UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT

Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999

United Nations New York and Geneva, 2000

Rubens Ricupero Geneva, December 2000 Secretary-General of UNCTAD

Table Countries/territories that have concluded BITs, 1 January 2000 . 7

1990s 1980s 1970s 1960s 1950s

385 165 1 end 1959 72

Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999

Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999

Figure 2. Number of BITs concluded by developing countries, by decade, 1960-1999

Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999

Figure 3. BITs between developing countries, by region and decade, 1960-1999

Table. Countries/territories that have concluded BITs, 1 January 2000

Central and c Eastern Europe 9 2 9 3 6 14 2 2 9 15 1 1 14

Source: UNCTAD database on BITs.

Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999

Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999

Source: UNCTAD database on BITs.

Bilateral Investment Treaties 1959-1999

Bilateral investment treaties concluded up to 1 January 2000

Bilateral investment treaties concluded up to 1 January 2000

Date of signature 29 May 1996 20 July 1998

Date of entry into force 17 January 1997 ...

30 April 1982 08 April 1998

30 April 1982 16 April 1999

20 April 1966 29 June 1978 27 November 1987

06 October 1973 18 July 1985 27 November 1987

Date of signature 10 May 1997

Date of entry into force ...

Date of entry into force

09 March 1994 26 April 1994 16 July 1994 09 June 1995

... ... ... ...

15 August 1960 18 October 1962 13 September 1965

... 11 July 1964 14 October 1967

Date of entry into force

07 May 1993 07 July 1993

23 August 1995 08 July 1996

Date of entry into force

Date of entry into force

02 May 1986 25 February 1988

03 March 1989 25 February 1988

08 November 1996 21 April 1998 27 May 1998 20 August 1999

... ... ... ...

27 October 1989 06 December 1989 22 October 1999

11 April 1990 08 March 1994 ...

Date of entry into force

Date of entry into force

25 October 1964 18 July 1990

07 June 1966 ...

20 February 1964 28 July 1967

20 February 1964 15 October 1973

11 September 1970 03 May 1996 16 September 1996

11 June 1979 ... ...

Date of entry into force

12 December 1961 23 July 1963 23 March 1979 05 June 1985

22 October 1967 22 September 1964 22 January 1982 ...

19 December 1973 ... 18 September 1993 04 July 1991 ...

Date of signature 05 September 1996

Date of entry into force ...

30 May 1978 26 April 1986 ... ... 19 December 1989

Date of signature 03 August 1999

Date of entry into force ...