Chapter-5 Introduction to Building Automation Systems (BAS)

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Chapter-5 Introduction to Building Automation Systems (BAS)

. Introduction
Building Automation System (BAS) service monitor control sub system (manage) computer-based Building Management System(BMS) equipment

- Building Automation Systems (BAS) graphic control automation (energy saving) BAS feature

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HVAC Controls and Building Automation Systems

.. What is Building Automation?

Building Automation System (BAS) service monitor control (automated function) (c (energy) (temperature reset) automated function standard feature optimal temperature BAS BAS BAS equipment system

- Johnson Controls Office building (building) (flexibility) control function Logic Controller (PLC) (
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Building Automation System (BAS) screen shopping center Commercial building Motion detector BAS process control BAS system Programmable commercial automatic lighting Building Automation System

intelligent security system

Cost-effectiveness/saving energy

Chapter-5 Introduction to Building Automation Systems (BAS)

( ) () ()

Communication via bus systems and networks Comfort and convenience Flexibility Building Control Building Automation

.. Building Automation Building Control

automated function

Association of German Engineers service system computer

building automation (measurement) control Function BAS commercial building

(definition)

building control

building a

- BAS Building automation system Control system system (monitor

system (communication) (communication) monitor Component information control

function (brain) BAS system operate device (exchange)

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Component

Operator

HVAC Controls and Building Automation Systems

Effici system BAS function system communicate () DDC building control component central DDC coordinate connect

function system

process System

() Special DDC

() BAS work station Distributed BAS () Primary field panel

system computer

() Direct Digital Controller(DDC) Direct Digital Controller(DDC) device (instruction) (programming capabilities) network communication module node

intelligent controller standalone control system networking capabilities control program architecture

panel

(communication)

Operator DDC

(communication)

(manage)

- BAS system
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equipment

protocol

Chapter-5 Introduction to Building Automation Systems (BAS)

BAS ( ( ) Control

(basic task) ) Data acquisition and processing

() Communication and information management () Diagnostic functions (task) ( ) Sensors and transducers component

( ) Actuators and control devices () Direct digital controllers (standalone or networked) () Digital communication system ( ) Terminal devices (PDU, keyboard, etc.) ( ) Software subsystem Integration service () () () () () () () () () Electrical power supply system UPS, regulated power supplies, and power conditioning equipment Standby/emergency power supply system Ventilation and air-conditioning system Primary and emergency lighting system Passenger and goods lifts/elevators Fire alarm and protection systems Noxious fume detection systems(e.g. in chemical plants) Access control, intruder alarm and security systems w ,w sub system BAS

Building Automation System (BAS) system

() Waste disposal and sewerage systems () Domestic hot

.. Building Automation System

(building owner) Service Facilities manager E H h R G h
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(Higher rental value) (Flexibility on change of building use)

perations

HVAC Controls and Building Automation Systems

L w R R R I I E G P I I E Summary of Infometrics Benefits () () () () () () () () () Reduced energy consumption and energy cost Prioritization of equipment maintenance Reduced downtime caused by mechanical equipment failure Improved facility operations Ongoing commissioning of mechanical systems and control systems Reduced risk of indoor air quality problems Identification of profitable mechanical retrofit opportunities Improved occupant comfort Knowledge of facility energy consumption patterns and trends HV -related complaints afety ecurity of energy consumption. (building tenant/occupants) osts manpower costs osts & downtime

() Integration with information technology systems

- Building Automation System (BAS) architecture

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(level)

Chapter-5 Introduction to Building Automation Systems (BAS)

- Building Automation system (BAS) architecture

(level)

. Building Automation System Architecture

.. Configuration
BAS system configure Functional hierarchy Architecture layer microprocessor hierarchical configuration (level) Management level controllers Automation-level controllers Zone-level controllers automation system workstation field device configuration workstation h (-) level architecture () () () (-) application controller layer level BAS network architecture Management application Supervisory controller Local controller DDC controller
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Building Automation System (BAS) hardware (microprocessor-based) controller Building Automation system (BAS) architecture ( ( ) () configuration controller ) Management-level processors System-level processors Field-level processors (-) (-) building

(connect) controller BAS workstation BAS network

Building Automation System device

building level controller Johnson Controls layer

Operator Workstation (OWS)

HVAC Controls and Building Automation Systems

Field control station level layer

network control station

central management station

- Johnson controls BAS architecture

(level)

- Johnson controls BAS architecture (-) BAS field level ( BAS field controller level ) Management level

(level)

application controller level

( ) Integration level () Field controller level () Application level

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Chapter-5 Introduction to Building Automation Systems (BAS)

- L BAS system Technology (IT) System Control function device BAS Field device actuator control architecture sensor (flow rate) VSD regulate actuator process system

BAS architecture Information computer automation level component (organize) Valve (speed) management level information

automated system (hierarchy configuration) valve

Variable Speed Driver (VSD)

.. Field-Level Controllers
Field-level controller port program controller (exchange information) management controller POT equipment controller w port Chillers boilers control action field-level controller system level controller Field level controller Portable Operator's Terminal (POT) air compressors generators self-contained field-level controller
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sensor

device (execute

(direct connection) DDC

Field-level controller memory

HVAC Controls and Building Automation Systems

- Honeywell BAS system architecture

.. System-Level Controllers
System-level controller System-level controller ( ( ) () ) Database Operational information Field-level controller (communication) operation coordinate management processor (maintenance) field-level controller processing capacity

() Field-level controller

- Johnson Controls Building Automation System(BAS) architecture

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Chapter-5 Introduction to Building Automation Systems (BAS)

System-level controller management-level processor communication bus BAS sub-system

data

management-level processor system-level controller Communication bus fire alarm system security system system-level controller

upload download system-level controller HVAC EMS fire

application program

(integration) alarm system security system

system-level controller

ACMV system field-level controller

- Johnson Controls Metasys system wireless network

.. Management Level
Management level (manage)

System Operator (control)

Management Processor
management processor sub system management level (information) (data collection) process System set point management level programming management management level
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BAS hierarchy configuration (control) workstation server web browser

(data storage) report sequence level system limit

historical data

(maintenance management) scheduling (security)

HVAC Controls and Building Automation Systems

- Johnson Controls wireless network

- Many-to-one room temperature sensing Management level integrate Internet technology Operator workstation Operator workstation function () Graphics operator interface () Generation of reports Integration subsystem

One-to-one room temperature sensing (multi-vendor systems) w

management level

() Storage of historical data (alarms trend point history and run time totalisation) () Back up storage of database
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Chapter-5 Introduction to Building Automation Systems (BAS)

- Building Automation- Three-level functional hierarchy design) Printers device command) Management-level processor (operating cost) alarm activity generating report (collection) (processes) programs handling daily activities sequences limits set points times system system programming vendor system alarm notification
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management level (sophisticated) SCADA plotters

stand-alone PC (server-based touch screens displays Field level point keyboard mouse I/O (issuing

video displays

management level

(data requesting) (energy usage) (stores)

management level

(management) historical data

handling alarms executing application fieldintegrate

Management-level processor level controller parameter Management level Management-level (maintenance management and scheduling)

system (security)

HVAC Controls and Building Automation Systems

- Building performance BAS maintenance layer control protocol building performance monitoring standard energy operation Building Management System

- BAS overview

- Hierarchical structure of building control systems

. Building Automation System

Building Automation System basic function ( ( ) () ( ) ( )
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(Basic Functions)

) Alarm detection/management Scheduling Trends (short-term storage) and historical data (long-term storage) Optimal start Custom control applications

() Totalization

Chapter-5 Introduction to Building Automation Systems (BAS)

.. BAS Trend Logging

Trend logging (intervals of time) cooling demand logging Record record parameter Recording (interval) Trend Data parameter Temperatures flow rates electrical power trend

- Trend data of building power demand (trouble shooting) trend logging (-) (8 a.m.) load BAS () (10 a.m) () (10 a.m) power demand Chiller plant demand Trend parameter Analog trend trends (such h Parameter (enable Memory Storage (power RAM battery Firmware controller h module driver failure) R Function block controller trend data h module driver R firmware controller non-v R 1Mb RAM module driver
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(energy saving power demand power cooling

(8 a.m.) power demand

record memory Non-linear analog linear analog trends trend ) module

digital trend

(such as 4 to 20mA sensors)

1Mb Flash memory

1Mb RAM

function block

HVAC Controls and Building Automation Systems

- Trend
Operator Workstation
GX-9100 Software

Comm Port
Networked DDCs N2 BUS XT BUS NCU/RPU

RS 232 to RS 485 Convertor

DX 9100

XT / XP 9100

- Johnson Control BAS network architecture

.. Data Analysis and Report Generation

data (function) processing alarm click Data information report (collection) information analysis report BAS system report

energy consumption/equipment failure BAS system

report () () () () () () () ()
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Energy report (normalized use and consumption) Consumption (details by energy type) Production (including efficiency of production) Electrical energy (usage, peak demand, reactive power, power factor) Energy cost (easy to configure overview) Equipment runtime (hourly, including number of starts/stops) Load profile (demand profile by day)

Chapter-5 Introduction to Building Automation Systems (BAS)

report ( ( ) () ( ) ( ) ) All point summary Alarm summary Disabled points log Controller status summary Applications summary BAS () () () Lockout summary Off-line summary Override summary

() Single system summary (single AHU or single chiller)

summary () () () Point summary Alarm summary Limits summary

Application summary () () () () Alarm detection/management Scheduling Trend logs/Trend Summaries Totalization system report (value) () Optimal start () Custom control applications () Demand limit / load rolling () Tailored Summaries Print archive

BMS software Data

.. Totalization
Fan pump Totalization Totalization () Analog calculates consumption from flow () Runtime counts elapsed time in a specified condition () Event counts number of occurrences building equipment equipment (runtime) totalization (runtime)

- BAS

schedule
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HVAC Controls and Building Automation Systems

.. Scheduling
Equipment scheduling feature Sundays) equipment Builiding cooling load equipment performance chiller Central workstation schedule h () Start and stop a point () Change alarm limits, warning limits or set point () Lock/unlock point reporting or point control () Demand limit target setting () Load rolling target setting () Trend point enable/disable for a point () Totalization enable/disable for a point () Alarm summary AHU manual timer schedule override equipment chiller AHU office building (public holidays) (starting) (stopping) (weekdays) (Saturdays and (one year calendar)

Scheduling feature

.. Equipment Interlocks
BAS (safety) interlock interlock Cooking gas valve Chiller chilled water pump interlock feature Equipment (boiler) air intake Exhaust fan kitchen exhaust hood feedwater pump supply fan interlock interlock interlock Equipment (group)

condenser water pump

cooling tower

.. Metering
DDC (-)
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utility energy management software

(data acquisition capability) (meters)

water consumption power consumption

Chapter-5 Introduction to Building Automation Systems (BAS)

(meters) data acquisition device

energy management software

.. Monitoring
Equipment failure equipment Alarm alarm print out SMS visual e-mail alarm operator audible signal alarm (malfunction) equipment BAS system BAS system monitoring

.. Graphic
BAS graphic () Main screen for each building
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HVAC Controls and Building Automation Systems

() Flow diagram for every air handling unit () Flow diagram for chiller system () Fire/security plan for every floor () Plumbing system diagram () Electrical system diagram () Vertical transportation system diagram () Point history graph for all analog points () Real-time graph for all analog points

- AHU

graphic

- VAV Box
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damper

opening percentage

Chapter-5 Introduction to Building Automation Systems (BAS)

- Chilled water system graphic

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HVAC Controls and Building Automation Systems

(-) equipment cooling tower parameter

BAS work operator station g h System

h chiller chiller

Chiller water plant pump operation

.. Alarms
Alarm () Maintenance scheduling application (parts) inventory control database management applications database management

.. Maintenance Scheduling and Inventory Control

Preventive maintenance schedule maintenance personnel inventory control

.. Controls
BAS advanced control program R ( ( ) () ) Point summary Alarm summary Override summary energy management program summary ( ) ( ) BAS () Off-line summary Disabled summary Custom summary

.. Software Functions
BAS software function () () () BAS system Configuration Commissioning Data archiving access user user (level) data equipment () Monitoring () Commanding () System diagnostics

.. User Access Level

Level 1 = View Data Level 1 access Level 2 = Command Level 2 access Level 3 = Operator Overrides Level 3 access setpoint Level 4 = Database Modification Level 4 access Level 5 = Database Configuration Level 5 access Level 6 access user user -End5-22

user valve

equipment damper override

user

database database configuration

Modify

Level 6 = All privileges, including Password Add/Modify

Chapter-5 Introduction to Building Automation Systems (BAS)

Introduction to Building Automation System (BAS) Contents

. Introduction .....................................................................................................................1

.. What is Building Automation? .................................................................................................. .. Building Automation Building Control

.....................................................

.. Building Automation System

............................................................................

. Building Automation System Architecture ...........................................................................7

.. Configuration ..........................................................................................................................

.. Field-Level Controllers .............................................................................................................

.. System-Level Controllers ......................................................................................................... .. Management Level

Management Processor ................................................................. (Basic Functions) ......................... 14

. Building Automation System

.. BAS Trend logging ..................................................................................................................

.. Data Analysis and Report Generation........................................................................................

.. Totalization .............................................................................................................................

.. Scheduling ..............................................................................................................................

.. Equipment Interlocks...............................................................................................................

.. Metering .................................................................................................................................

.. Monitoring ..............................................................................................................................

.. Graphic...................................................................................................................................

.. Alarms ....................................................................................................................................

.. Maintenance Scheduling and Inventory Control .......................................................................

.. Controls ................................................................................................................................

.. Software Functions ................................................................................................................

.. User Access Level ..................................................................................................................

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HVAC Controls and Building Automation Systems

. Introduction _ .. What is Building Automation? _ .. Building Automation Building Control .. Building Automation System . Building Automation System Architecture _ .. Configuration _ .. Field-Level Controllers _ .. System-Level Controllers .. Management Level _ .. BAS Trend logging _ .. Data Analysis and Report Generation _ .. Totalization .. Scheduling _ .. Equipment Interlocks _ .. Metering _ .. Monitoring .. Graphic _ .. Alarms _ .. Maintenance Scheduling and Inventory Control .. Controls _ .. Software functions _ .. User Access level Management Processor (Basic Functions) . Building Automation System

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