Electrochemical Series

Electrochemical Series is an arrangement of metals

according to the tendency of their atoms to donate electrons. The higher the position of a metal in the EC Series, the greater the tendency of the metal atoms to donate electrons. Thus the more electropositive is the metal. OR

ECS is an arrangement of metals in the decreasing order of

electropositivity (ability to release electrons)

K, Na, Ca, Mg, Al, Zn, Fe, Sn, Pb, H, Cu, Ag (Hydrogen is between lead and copper, though not a metal. But added in as a reference point)

Reactivity Series
Reactivity Series of metals is a list of metals arranged
according to their descending order of reactivity with oxygen / decreasing order of reactivity towards oxygen.

(Hydrogen is between zinc and iron) K, Na, Ca, Mg, Al, C, Zn, H, Fe, Sn, Pb, Cu, Hg, Ag, Au
NOTE : There is no carbon in EC Series but carbon is present in the Reactivity Series.

Electrochemical Series
(Cation)
Potassium, K+ Sodium, Na+ Calcium, Ca2+ Magnesium, Mg2+ Aluminium, Al3+ Zinc, Zn2+ Iron, Fe2+ Stanum, Sn2+ Lead, Pb2+ Hydrogen, H+ Copper, Cu2+ Silver, Ag+ Kalau Nak Cantik Mesti Ambil Zat Besi Sama Panadol Hingga Cukup Angin Kalau Nak Cari Mat Ali Ziarahi Flat Sekolah Pada Hari Cuti Ahad Pop Sound Can Make All Zebras In Town Like Hyppo Cute Again
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Electrochemical Series
(Anion)

Floride, F 2Sulphate, SO4 Nitrate, NO3 Chloride, Cl Bromide, Br Iodide, I Hydroxide, OH -

Finally SOme NOisy Clown Broke Into Our House

Acrostic method to remember

Historical development of atomic models Discovered Atom as a very tiny ball Electron Proton

Dont Throw

John Dalton

J.J. Thomson

Rubbish Ernest Rutherford Below

Neils Bohr

Atomic shells

Carpet

James

Neutrons

Chadwick

Elements in the Periodic Table Period 2

Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Florine Neon

Li Let

Be Bell

B Boy

C Carry

N Nine

O Oranges

F For

Ne Nenek

Period 3
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulphur Chlorine Argon

Na Nak

Mg Makan

Al Apple

Si Sila

P Pergi

S Supermarket

Cl Cari

Ar Arif

Transition Elements
Scandium Titanium Vanadium Cromium Manganese Ferum

Sc Send

Ti The

V Very

Cr Crazy

Mn Monkey

Fe For

Copper Zinc Co Ni Cu Zn Checkout Near Country Zoo

Cobalt Nickel

How to remember positive ions / negative ions Positive Ions

Single charge positive ions ( 1 +ve charge)

H+ He

Li+ Likes

Na+

K+

Ag+ Arranged

NH+ Nicely

NapKin

Al3+ is the only triple positive charged ion in Form 4, 5.

The rest of the metal ions are mostly double charged

Negative Ions
a) Single charge negative ions (anions) All of them have a vertical line l in their formula, except PO43- (phosphate ion) & N3- (nitride ion) OH- Cl- Br- IFb) Double charge negative ions SO42CO32O2HNO3-

Solubility Of Salts
1. All ANaK ( Ammonium , Sodium & Potassium ) salts are soluble 2. All sulphate salts are soluble except PemBaCa (Lead, Pb ; Barium, Ba ; Calcium, Ca) 3. All chloride salts are soluble except PengHArga (Lead, Pb ; Mercury, Hg ; Silver , Ag)