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If on the middle line or lower the stem must go up Ties must be written from the notehead
Accidentals Must be written before the note head on the stave, and after in written descriptions. Key signatures For full marks, sharps and flats must be in the correct order and octave. Grouping Remember, in compound time the beat is a dotted crotchet In simple time the beat is a crotchet or minim
Key signatures Required for EVERY LINE. Time signatures required just for the first line. Sharps in Fives
Flats in Fours
Harmonic Minors: Raised 7th ascending and descending Melodic Minors: Raised 6th and 7th ascending,, back to normal descending Chromatic: Sharps ascending, flats descending Transposition [NICK] Notes? Write them out Interval? Clef? Key Signature?
Short Score to Open Score Soprano Alto Tenor Bass Copy soprano, alto and bass exactly, thinking about which way stems go. Then for tenor, - If you are going to short score, remember to transpose into the bass clef and put an octave down. - If you are going into open score, remember to transpose into treble clef and put an octave up.
Instruments of the Orchestra Two important points: Transposing instruments: Clarinet, trumpet, horn
Family
Instrument
Violin
Picture
Clef Transposing?
No
Viola
No
String
Cello
No
Double bass
8ve down
Flute
No
Oboe
No
Woodwind
Clarinet Yes (Bb/A)
Bassoon
No
Trumpet
Yes (Bb)
French horn
Yes (F)
Brass
Trombone No
Tuba
No
Untuned percussion/indefinite pitch: snare drum, bass drum [highest] Soprano Alto Tenor Baritone Bass [lowest]
Voice
1=
Semibreve (rare)
2=
Minim
4=
Crotchet
8=
Quaver
16= Semiquaver
The upper number tells you how many of those beats to count. Eg. 2/4 means 2 crotchets 2/2 means 2 minims 8/16 means 8 semiquavers Every time signature also has a technical name. You work out the technical name by looking at the upper number of the time signature. You will need to learn this table:
Duple Triple Quadruple Simple Compound
2 6 3 9 4 12
Eg. 2/4 is Simple Duple 6/8 is Compound Duple 12/16 is Compound Quadruple.