EXERCISES OF TORSION 1/ Four gears are attached to a solid shaft and transmit the torques shown in the figure.

Determine the required diameters dab, dbc, and dcd for each part of the shaft if the allowable stress in shear is 70 MPa. Resp. : dab = 40.3 mm, dbc = 44.4 mm, dcd = 38.8 mm 2/ A stepped shaft is subjected to three torques as shown in the figure. The length of each section is 0.5m and the diameters are 80 mm, 60 mm, and 40 mm. The material is steel with shear modulus of elasticity G = 80 GPa. (a) Calculate the maximum shear stress max in the shaft; (b) Calculate the angle of twist (degrees) at the free end. Resp. : (a) max = 66.0 MPa; (b) = 2.440 3/ A solid circular steel shaft AB, held rigidly at both ends, has two different diameters (see figure). Assuming that the maximum permissible shear stress is 80 Mpa, determine the allowable torque T that may be applied at the junction C Resp.: T = 128 N.m 4/ A bar ABC that is fixed at both ends is subjected to a torque T at section B (see the figure) . The bar has a solid, circular cross section (diameter = d1) from A to B and a hollow, circular cross section (outer diameter d2 , inner diameter d1) from B to C. Derive an

expression for the ratio a/L such that the reactive torque at A and C are equal numerically 5/ A solid circular steel bar of diameter 50 mm is enclosed by a hollow steel tube having outer diameter 75 mm and inner diameter 65 mm (see figure). The two bars are held rigidly at end A and welded to a steel plate at B. (a) If a torque T = 2 kN.m is applied to the rigid plate, what are the maximum shear stresses t and b in the tube and bar, respectively? (b) What is the angle of rotation of the plate, assuminh G = 80 GPa? (c) What is the torsional stiffness k of the device? Resp. : (a) 1 = 38.1 MPa, b = 25.4 MPa; (b) = 0.480; (c) k = 238.4 kN.m/rad 6/ A circular bar AB with fixed ends has a hole extending for half its length (see figure). The

polar moments of inertia of the two parts of the bar are Ipa and Ipb. At what distance x from the left-hand end should a torque T be applied so that the reactive torques at the supports will be equal Resp.: x = L(3 Ipb/Ipa)/4 7/

A hollow tube AB of length L and torsional rigidity GIp is rigidly supported at end A (see figure). At end B, a horizontal bar of length 2c is welded to the tube. Adjacent to the ends of the horizontal bar are two identical springs, each having a spring stiffness k (force per unit displacement). The length of the gap between the ends of the springs and the ends of the bar is b. The springs are stretched, attached to the ends of the bar, and then released, thus causing the bar and tube to rotate through a small angle (see figure). Obtain a formula for the torque T in the tube. Resp.: T = 2GIpbck/(GIp + 2c2kL) 8/ Rigid bar A 1 2a a B P C A 1 2a a Rigid bar B P C 2

a/ Compute maximum shear stresses in springs 1 (and/or 2). b/ Compute the vertical displacement of point C, assuming the bar ABC is rigid. Knowing: Spring 1: D1 = 0.06 m; d1 = 0.01 m; n1 = 10 Spring 2: D2 = 0.05 m; d2 = 0.008 m; n2 = 8 P = 1 kN; G1 = G2 = 80 GPa 9/