SURVEY OF COLLAPSED BUILDINGS IN VADODARA 2013

SURVEY OF BUILDINGS OF MADHAV NAGAR SOCIETY WHERE TWO BUILDINGS COLLAPSED

ATALADARA, VADODARA

BY THE STUDENTS OF ME ( STRUCTURES), FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING, M S University of Baroda, Vadodara

EDITED BY Dr. B. A. SHAH, Associate Professor The M. S. University of Baroda 29 August 2013

SURVEY OF BUILDINGS COLLAPSED IN VADODARA

Dr. B. A. Shah M.S. University

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SURVEY OF COLLAPSED BUILDINGS IN VADODARA 2013

GROUP-1 SHAH AMI KALE ANJALI PANCHAL NISHITH GARGI SINVHAL DRASHTI DAVE JAINESH BHAVSAR FINASALI NAVSARIVALA ANUBHAV BANSAL ME-III ME-III ME-III ME-I ME-I ME-I ME-I ME-I

GROUP-2 GAMIT NIRAV JINYAWALA MOHAMMAD SAGAR RAJESH PARTIWALA DHRUV RANTAL AMEY CHAUDHARI ASHISH BHAGAT BHAVIN ALITHA TASLIM ME-III ME-III ME-III ME-I ME-I ME-I ME-I ME-I

SURVEY OF BUILDINGS COLLAPSED IN VADODARA

Dr. B. A. Shah M.S. University

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SURVEY OF COLLAPSED BUILDINGS IN VADODARA 2013

First Inspection Report 1. Date and Time of Incident 28/08/2013, 4:30 a.m. 2. Date and Time of Inspection 29/08/2013, 12:30 p.m. 3. Any warnings of collapse prior to incident (Cracks, deformations etc. full description of the same) People felt the vibrations at upper floors. Material had started crumbling. Cracks were observed at number of places 4. Collapse trigger- Was there any specific trigger for collapse? E.g. earthquake, sudden change in soil pore water pressure, sudden change in loading of the structure, removal of any structural member such as masnory wall of any floor etc.? Collapse trigger may be due to sudden change in soil pore water pressure.

SURVEY OF BUILDINGS COLLAPSED IN VADODARA

Dr. B. A. Shah M.S. University

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Figure 1-Bulging of masonary walls nearby collapsed building People of Madhavnagar were complaining about distress shown by crumbling plaster and cracks which had appeared in the masonary walls for more than 3 months. One such representation was made to the news reporters of local TV channel on the previous eve of the event. There was continuous heavy rains for more than a month before the incidence and water logging in the building area was observed due to the level of surrounding roads being 600 mm above the plinth level of the buildings. Deterioration of masonry walls over a period of time and poor quality of construction may have added to the process of structural collapse. 5. Is it possible to see where (in which location of the building) the collapse started? It is not possible to see from, where the collapse of the structure started but as per residences the central load bearing wall collapsed. 6. If yes, where? ---SURVEY OF BUILDINGS COLLAPSED IN VADODARA

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7. Is there a collapse mechanism that is possible to identify? If yes, pl elaborate. The foundation was affected by the leakage problems of the underground water tank and accumulation of rain water because of the level difference in road level and floor level was observed. So, one of the masonry walls failed at ground level and thus the whole building collapsed.

Figure 2-Crack observed in base slab of under-ground water tank nearby collapsed building 8. What kind of a structural system does the building have? a. RC Ductile Moment frames b. RC Non-ductile moment frames c. RC Shear walls + RC ductile moment frames d. RC shear walls + non-ductile moment frames e. No well defined frames f. Loadbearing masonry structure with lintel, plinth and roof bands
SURVEY OF BUILDINGS COLLAPSED IN VADODARA

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SURVEY OF COLLAPSED BUILDINGS IN VADODARA 2013

g. Loadbearing masonry structure without bands h. Other (pl elaborate)

Load bearing masonry structure with plinth bands, without continuous lintel bands and no roof band.

Figure 3 Condition of lintel beam in one of the surviving buildings

SURVEY OF BUILDINGS COLLAPSED IN VADODARA

Dr. B. A. Shah M.S. University

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SURVEY OF COLLAPSED BUILDINGS IN VADODARA 2013

Figure 4 One more lintel in a nearby building

9. Is there adequate framing of the structure- (Are there adequate beammasonary wall frames in each direction?) Draw a plan of the building. What is the quality of concrete? a. in masonry walls b. in beams c. in slabs d. in beam-masonry wall junctions (Are there any voids in concrete, hollows regions, is the concrete totally crumbled, is the cement-FA-CA ratio problematic on visual inspection etc.)

SURVEY OF BUILDINGS COLLAPSED IN VADODARA

Dr. B. A. Shah M.S. University

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SURVEY OF COLLAPSED BUILDINGS IN VADODARA 2013

Figure 5 Layout plan of Madhavnagar buildings, Vadodara There were about 36 nos. G+3 blocks out of which two blocks marked in yellow collapsed

Figure 6 Elevation and Plan of a typical block

SURVEY OF BUILDINGS COLLAPSED IN VADODARA

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SURVEY OF COLLAPSED BUILDINGS IN VADODARA 2013

Figure 7 Typical Plans

Poor quality of concrete and mortar was observed. The mortar was easily getting removed from the masonary joints simply by scratching. Fig. 8 shows a typical chunk of concrete and crumbled masonary.

SURVEY OF BUILDINGS COLLAPSED IN VADODARA

Dr. B. A. Shah M.S. University

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SURVEY OF COLLAPSED BUILDINGS IN VADODARA 2013

Figure 8 Poor quality of material 10. a. b. c. d. What is the quality of the steel (is there corrosion) in masonary walls in beams in slabs in beam- masonary wall junctions Yes, the reinforcing steel was corroded in most of the blocks as seen in the following photographs.

SURVEY OF BUILDINGS COLLAPSED IN VADODARA

Dr. B. A. Shah M.S. University

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SURVEY OF COLLAPSED BUILDINGS IN VADODARA 2013

Figure 9 Corrosion of steel due to lack of proper cover 11. Is there adequate steel (at least min required as per code) a. in masonary walls b. in beams c. in slabs d. in beam-masonary wall junctions (Pl elaborate with spacing and dia of masonary wall and beam rings, spacing and dia of beam stirrups, dia and no. of main bars in masonary walls and beams, steel in beam-masonary wall junctions, development of bars in junctions) Cannot comment as dia and spacing of reinforcement was not observed. 12. At which level was maximum damage? At ground level where the masonary walls showed distress and third floor slab level where the spalling of ceiling plaster was observed due to seepage of rain water.
SURVEY OF BUILDINGS COLLAPSED IN VADODARA

Dr. B. A. Shah M.S. University

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SURVEY OF COLLAPSED BUILDINGS IN VADODARA 2013

Figure 10 Ground floor masonry walls showing damage

SURVEY OF BUILDINGS COLLAPSED IN VADODARA

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SURVEY OF COLLAPSED BUILDINGS IN VADODARA 2013

Figure 11 Ground floor masonry showing poor maintenance

Figure 12 Condition of existing ground floor masonry walls

SURVEY OF BUILDINGS COLLAPSED IN VADODARA

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SURVEY OF COLLAPSED BUILDINGS IN VADODARA 2013

Figure 13- Swelling of floor slab

SURVEY OF BUILDINGS COLLAPSED IN VADODARA

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Figure 14- Hogging effect of the beam at ground level

Figure 15- Leakage of water from terrace slab

Figure 16 Cracks observed in walls at 3rd floor along with water leakage which has not been attended to.

SURVEY OF BUILDINGS COLLAPSED IN VADODARA

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Figure 17- Cracks observed in the beams supporting over head water tank at terrace floor level

SURVEY OF BUILDINGS COLLAPSED IN VADODARA

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SURVEY OF COLLAPSED BUILDINGS IN VADODARA 2013

13.Was there a structural engineer on the project? If yes, who? No information is available. 14.Was there a third party check of the design? No information is available. 15.Was the design vetted by VUDA? No information is available. 16.Was there a construction supervision agency? If so, who? No information is available. 17.What were the procedures for monitoring construction quality and conformance to design? No information is available. 18.Is there any obvious foundation failure? If yes, pl elaborate. no details are available regarding foundation. 19.Pl elaborate on any other details that are observed and inferred during the field study Bulging of the masnory walls, Twisting of beams, Under-ground water tank leakage, Sagging and hogging of beams, Structural cracks in members,
SURVEY OF BUILDINGS COLLAPSED IN VADODARA

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Poor quality of materials, Inadequate cover to the concrete members. 20.Pl add as many photographs as possible of failures at global and local levels of structure

Remains of the collapsed buildings

SURVEY OF BUILDINGS COLLAPSED IN VADODARA

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SURVEY OF BUILDINGS COLLAPSED IN VADODARA

Dr. B. A. Shah M.S. University

www.sefindia.org

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