PANIPAT INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY PROJECT REPORT ON SATELLITE COMMUNICATION AND LAN/WAN NETWORKING TECHNIQUES. PROGRAMME : B.

TECH ECE

SEMESTER : FIFTH Faculty Guide: Mr. HARISH SHARMA Submitted by: TUSHAR RISHI 2811228

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project entitled SATELLITECOMMUNICATION AND LAN/WAN NETWORKING TECHNIQUES is a bona fide record of the industrial training project under my supervision and guidance, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Degreeof Bachelor of Technology in Electronic and Communication Engineering from Panipat Institute of Engineering and Technology, Noida, Sec-125 .

Mr. DEVESHKUMAR (guide) Dept. of Electronics & Communication Engineering

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Setting an endeavor may not always be an easy task; obstacles are bound to come in its way and when this happens, help is welcome and needless to say without help of those people whom I am mentioning here, this endeavor would not have been successful.The completion of any project brings with it a sense of satisfaction, but it is never complete without thanking those people who made it possible and whose constant support has crowned our efforts with success. I would like to express my gratitude to Mr, DGM( IT) at NTPC for encouraging and inspiring me to carry out the project in the Central Satellite Earth Station,NTPC . I would also like to thank all the staff members of NTPC for providing me with the required facilities and support towards the completion of the project .My sincere thanks to my faculty guide Mr.Harish Sharma for his constant support and guidance. Without his corporation the project would not have been completed successfully. . I am extremely happy to acknowledge and express mysincere gratitude to my parents for their constant support and encouragement.

ABSTRACT The project basically deals with the study of satellite communication and how it works.Organizations with many remote affiliates can create a private high-speed satellite intranet,which links the main office reliably with all local sites. Within and amongst institutionsthere is an ever-growing need to communicate and to enhance the existing networks. These networks need high speed, reliable and costeffective communications. This is especiallytrue when the locations are dispersed over remote regions , and barely connectable via aterrestrial network infrastructure. In this case, satellite communications are an effective way to provide private or secure data networks. Therefore for communication andexchange of data between various sites a central satellite earth station has been installed at NTPC Noida since it is the hub station for communication with its various other sites. NTPC Satcom Network is working in STAR Configuration with this Hub EarthStation .NTPC has been assigned transponder number 3 in

therecently launched satellite INSAT 3E.The project covers detailed study of the ground segment of satellite communication. Thetransmission and receive path which include various sub components like MODEM,up/down Converters etc have been studied and how they are connected practically. NTPC has a LAN for exchange of information within the building and a WAN for communication with various other sites so the project also covers a brief study of LAN andWAN networking techniques and basics of services like audio and video conferencing.

Figure (1) - VSAT Star-shaped Network

TABLE OF CONTENTS CONTENTS Certificate Acknowledgement Abstract Chapter 1 :INTRODUCTION

Chapter 2 :NTPC COMPANY PROFILE2.1 Overview of organization Chapter 3 :INTRODUCTION TO NETWORKING

3.1 Introduction 3.2 Networking topologies 3.3 Types of network 3.4 Local area network 3.5 Wide area network Chapter 4 :SATELLITE COMMUNICATION OVERVIEW 4.1 How it works 4.2Types of satellite 4.3Types of orbits 4.4 Frequency bands Chapter 5 :VERY SMALL APERTURE TERMINAL 5.1 VSAT system architecture 5.2 VSAT topologies 5.3 Hub station Chapter 6 :CENTRAL SATELLITE EARTH STATION NTPC NOIDA 6.1 Specifications 6.2 CSES block diagram6.3 Functioning of CSES6.4 Various subsystems6.5 Multiple access schemes6.6 Implementing VSAT Chapter 7 : NTPC NETWORK TODAY Chapter 8 : CONCLUSION Chapter 9 : FUTURE IMPLICATIONS Chapter 10: REFERENCES