1: What are the two types of rainforests? In the United States, where are our rainforests located?

(Be specific). What percentage of our original rainforests does this represent? Tropical and temperate rain forests From Oregon to Alaska for 1200 miles are rainforests located in the united states Tundra 2: Where is the Tundra Biome located? What is permafrost? What percentage of the Earths surface is covered by Tundra? Is located at the top of the world around the north pole. Permafrost is a permanent frozen layer of ground. Taiga 3: Where is the Taiga Biome located? What is the soil like in the Taiga- why? Located between 50 degrees latitude north and the Arctic Circle Soil is thin and lacking in nutrients because decomposition is slow Desert 4: How much rainfall is characteristic of deserts? Explain where most deserts are located the and RAINSHADOW Effect It has a precipitation is ten inches or less per year Most deserts are located in bands along 30 degrees latitude north and 30 degrees latitude south Rain shadow effect is formed as air moves up over a mountain range, it gets cold

and loses the ability to hold moisture -- so it rains or snows. When the air moves down the other side of the mountain, it gets warmer. Warm air can hold lots of moisture, so it doesn't rain as much, and a desert is formed.
Temperate Deciduous Forest 5: What is special about this biome? Deciduous trees have special leaves that are adapted to the biome- explain. This biome has four different seasons winter, spring, summer and fall

The top leaf is from the Silver Maple because It tolerates moderate shade from other trees around it
Grasslands 6: Grasslands are found on every continent except for one- which? How much rainfall do grasslands get- why is this important? What are the 3 types of grasslands that are found in North America? What are grasslands called in other places in the world? Antarctica is the only continent without grassland They have about 10 to 30 inches of rain per year, its important because if less it would be a desert Prairies, Bison and pronghorns are found in North America

South America, grasslands are called "pampas"; in Europe, "steppes"; in Africa, "savannas".
Rivers & Streams 7: How much water on Earth does running water represent? What is a watershed? What

are the two main processes that happen to surface water? What is the longest river in the world? What is the longest river in the United States? What is a hydroelectric dam? 3% of the earths water is running water

A watershed describes an area of land that contains a common set of streams and rivers that all drain into a single larger body of water. Surface runoff and infiltration are the important processes that happen to surface water.
World; Nile, U.S.; Mississippi. A dam is a man-made structure built across a river to control river flow and so many other uses Ponds & Lakes 8: What is the difference between a pond and lake? Name the four stages of succession of a pond. Explain how an Oxbow Lake is formed. What is the largest lake in the world? What is the largest lake in the United States? What is the deepest lake in the world? What is Lake Effect Snow? Explain. What is the cause of summer kill in some lakes? A lake is large body of fresh water while ponds are smaller in size Pond Pioneers, submerging vegetation appears and soon grow all along the bottom, layers of decaying matter raise the pond floor over the years, pond becomes marsh and creatures can reside in the marshes. Oxbow lake is created overtime as erosion and deposits of soil change the rivers course. Caspian sea (largest in the world) Superior(largest in north America) Lake Bikal (deepest in the world) cold winds move across long expanses of warmer lake water, providing energy and picking up water vapor which freezes and is deposited on the leeward shores. Wetlands 9: What are the types of freshwater wetlands- name and define them. Explain why wetlands are so important. What is happening to our wetlands? Marsh: an inland area inundated of water, containing mostly grasses and flowers than trees Swamp: slow moving streams, rivers or isolated depressions Bog: Peat accumulating wetland Prairie pothole: a wetland area found in the northern great plains Riparian marsh: marshes that occur along rivers Uses: prevent flooding, release vegetative matter into rivers, for animal migration or reproduction, and improve other ecosystems Whats happening: disappearing rapidly, at about the rate of 300,000 acres but

they should be created.

Shorelines 10: What kind of life forms will you find in the intertidal zone? What is a barrier island? What is an estuary? What is life like in an estuary? What is a salt marsh? What is the Mangrove Forest? How are the trees specially adapted to living in that environment? Why are they important? Sea shells and sea clams

Barrier Island: A barrier island serves as a buffer or "barrier" between the coast

and the sea

Estuary: partially enclosed body of water where incoming seawater is mixed with fresh water coming from land, life is interesting and diverse mx of land and sea creatures. Salt Marsh: wetlands that contain salt water Mangrove Forest: found near the mouths of large rivers where river deltas provide lot of sediments, trees are adapted to that environment by special aerial

roots and salt-filtering tap roots that enable them to thrive in brackish water, theyre important because they protect coastline and they prevent erosion
Temperate Ocean Zones 11: Name and describe the different zones of the ocean and how they are divided. Describe the different photic zones of the ocean. What are kelp forests? Where are they found? Benthic zone: bottom of ocean Pelagic zone: the ocean it self Euphotic zone: gets sunlight Disphotic zone: partial sunlight Aphotic zone: no sunlight zone Kelp forest: large brown seaweed fund in temperate oceans around the world Tropical Ocean Zones 12: What is coral made of? Explain. Where are most coral reefs located? Where is the largest coral reef? Coral is made by an animal called a polyp. Thousands of individual polyps form a colon which forms a reef. They are located in tropical oceans near the equator. Largest coral is located in Australia and second is in Central America.