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Journal of Constructivist Psychology

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Convergences and Divergences Among Cognitive Models

Isabel Caro Gabalda a a University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain

Online publication date: 28 December 2009

To cite this Article Gabalda, Isabel Caro(2010) 'Convergences and Divergences Among Cognitive Models', Journal of

Constructivist Psychology, 23: 1, 1 3 To link to this Article: DOI: 10.1080/10720530903400954 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10720530903400954

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Journal of Constructivist Psychology, 23: 13, 2010 Copyright C Taylor & Francis Group, LLC ISSN: 1072-0537 print / 1521-0650 online DOI: 10.1080/10720530903400954

INTRODUCTION
CONVERGENCES AND DIVERGENCES AMONG COGNITIVE MODELS
ISABEL CARO GABALDA University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
Downloaded By: [Gabalda, Isabel Caro] At: 10:18 29 December 2009

Cognitive psychotherapies are by now rmly established, playing an increasingly large role in the psychological treatment of a broad range of traditions. Nevertheless, there are many different ways of practicing cognitive therapy, which might be grouped under three main headings: cognitive restructuring, cognitivebehavioral, and constructivist models (see Meichenbaum, 1995). Each of these general headings could in turn include a large number of cognitive models or, at minimum, could serve as reference points for classifying the proximity or distance of cognitive models developed from other backgrounds. Close or distant, cognitive perspectives share a common interest in human beings as meaning-making creatures. However, to develop this assumption each cognitive modality adopts different premises regarding human beings and human knowledge and its relation to human problems. These different theoretical perspectives are articulated and exemplied in the respective practices of these models. That is, the clinical application of any cognitive approach derives from and is related to its theoretical background. Within this context I have invited two outstanding proponents of cognitive models, Professor Robert A. Neimeyer and Professor Cory F. Newman, to illustrate from their respective positionsnamely, constructivist and Beckian cognitive therapy (a cognitive restructuring perspective)the treatment of the same clinical case, comparing it with the framework that guided
Received 5 January 2009; accepted 20 June 2009. Address correspondence to Isabel Caro Gabalda, University of Valencia, Department ez, 21, 46010of Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatments, Avda. Blasco Ib an Valencia, Spain. E-mail: Isabel.Caro@uv.es

I. Caro Gabalda

the actual treatment: linguistic therapy of evaluation. Constructivist and Beckian perspectives represent excellent examples of two of the main cognitive therapy headings mentioned above, whereas linguistic therapy of evaluation entails a different theoretical and practical cognitive perspective that has developed from a different model, general semantics, and it could be related in some respects to restructuring models and in others to constructivist approaches. The aim of this special issue therefore is to show the convergences and divergences among these three different cognitive perspectives. Instead of talking theoretically, the three authors will develop the treatment of the same caseGabrieland expand on it from their respective cognitive positions. Gabriel, 24, was a university student suffering from performance anxiety and some depressive symptomatology who sought therapy advised by his psychiatrist. He was in his last academic year and quite worried about the prospect of failing exams, experiencing doubts about fullling his academic tasks, and engaging in ongoing procrastination. Gabriels collaborative stance in therapy as well as his ready access to his own cognitive world made him a good candidate for a cognitive treatment. The rst article, The Case of Gabriel: A Linguistic Therapy of Evaluation Perspective, by I. Caro Gabalda, will explain Gabriels case, focusing on his main complaints and psychological problems, which are mainly related to his performance anxiety. The article will show the actual treatment of Gabriel, an orthodox application of Caro Gabaldas distinctive model. In the second article, The Case of Gabriel: Treatment with Beckian Cognitive Therapy, Newman will explain the main theoretical and practical elements for the proposed treatment of the case from a Beckian cognitive therapy perspective. In the third article, Symptoms and Signicance: Constructivist Contributions to the Treatment of Performance Anxiety, Neimeyer will address the case from a constructivist model using an integrative perspective of Kellys personal construct theory and Eckers coherence therapy. The fourth article, Theory and Practice in Cognitive Psychotherapy: Convergences and Divergences, a collaborative project by the three authors, will ellaborate the points of contact and complementarity among the three perspectives.

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Cognitive Models Convergences and Divergences

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As the editor of this special issue I would like to gratefully acknowledge my two colleagues for taking the risk of writing about Gabriels treatment when they did not have the privileged access that, as Gabriels therapist, I had to the case. They have demonstrated capably how to use their respective models in the hypothetical treatment of Gabriel, and in so doing they make an original contribution to the eld of cognitive psychotherapy. Together we hope this exercise in case conceptualization and treatment from three perspectives offers something of value to readers seeking to clarify and broaden their understanding of the diverse clinical contributions of cognitive models. Reference
Meichenbaum, D. O. (1995). Cognitive-behavioral therapy in historical perspective. In B. Bongar & L. E. Beutler (Eds.), Comprehensive textbook of psychotherapy (pp. 140158). Oxford: Oxford University Press.