Steam Tables

Properties of Water and Steam

Saturated Water and Steam:

Temperatures from the Triple Point to 100deg C
Pressures from the Triple Point to 100kPa
Pressures from 100 to 3,000kPa
Pressures from 3,000kPa to Critical Point
Specific Enthalpy of Water and Steam
Specific Entropy of Water and Steam
Density of Water and Steam
Specific Internal Energy of Water and Steam
Enthalpy-Entropy diagram for Steam
Properties of R-12, CCl2F2
Properties of Ammonia, NH3
Enthalpy-Entropy diagram for Ammonia, NH3
Enthalpy-Entropy diagram for Carbon Dioxide, CO2
Enthalpy-Entropy diagram for Methane, CH4
Enthalpy-Entropy diagram for Refrigerant R-410A

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

Saturated Water and Steam

Temperatures from the Triple Point to 100deg C
Temp
C

Specific volume
m/kg
Water
Steam
vf
vg

Specific internal
energy

Specific
entropy
kJ/kg.K
Water Steam
sf
sg

Temp
C

Pressure
kPa
p

0.01
2
4
6
8

0.610
0.704
0.812
0.933
1.070

0.001000
0.001000
0.001000
0.001000
0.001000

206.5
180.2
157.5
138.0
121.1

0.0
8.4
16.8
25.2
33.6

2375.3
2378.1
2380.9
2383.6
2386.4

0.0
8.4
16.8
25.2
33.6

2501.4
2496.7
2491.9
2487.2
2482.5

2501.4
2505.0
2508.7
2512.4
2516.1

0.000
0.030
0.061
0.091
0.121

9.157
9.104
9.052
9.001
8.951

0.01
2
4
6
8

10
12
14
16
18

1.225
1.399
1.595
1.814
2.060

0.001000
0.001001
0.001001
0.001001
0.001001

106.6
94.0
83.0
73.5
65.2

42.0
50.4
58.8
67.2
75.6

2389.2
2391.9
2394.7
2397.4
2400.2

42.0
50.4
58.8
67.2
75.6

2477.8
2473.0
2468.3
2463.6
2458.9

2519.7
2523.4
2527.1
2530.8
2534.4

0.151
0.181
0.210
0.239
0.268

8.902
8.853
8.806
8.759
8.713

10
12
14
16
18

20
22
24
25
26
28

2.334
2.639
2.979
3.162
3.356
3.774

0.001002
0.001002
0.001003
0.001003
0.001003
0.001004

57.9
51.6
46.0
43.5
41.1
36.8

83.9
92.3
100.7
104.9
109.0
117.4

2402.9
2405.7
2408.4
2409.8
2411.1
2413.9

83.9
92.3
100.7
104.9
109.0
117.4

2454.1
2449.4
2444.7
2442.3
2439.9
2435.2

2538.1
2541.7
2545.4
2547.2
2549.0
2552.6

0.297
0.325
0.353
0.367
0.381
0.409

8.668
8.624
8.580
8.559
8.538
8.496

20
22
24
25
26
28

30
32
34
36
38

4.237
4.748
5.312
5.934
6.617

0.001004
0.001005
0.001006
0.001006
0.001007

33.0
29.6
26.6
24.0
21.7

125.8
134.1
142.5
150.8
159.2

2416.6
2419.3
2422.0
2424.7
2427.4

125.8
134.1
142.5
150.8
159.2

2430.5
2425.7
2421.0
2416.3
2411.5

2556.3
2559.9
2563.5
2567.1
2570.7

0.437
0.464
0.492
0.519
0.546

8.454
8.414
8.374
8.335
8.296

30
32
34
36
38

40
42
44
46
48

7.367
8.190
9.091
10.075
11.151

0.001008
0.001009
0.001009
0.001010
0.001011

19.6
17.7
16.1
14.6
13.2

167.5
175.9
184.2
192.6
200.9

2430.1
2432.8
2435.5
2438.2
2440.8

167.5
175.9
184.2
192.6
201.0

2406.7
2402.0
2397.2
2392.4
2387.6

2574.3
2577.9
2581.4
2585.0
2588.5

0.572
0.599
0.625
0.652
0.678

8.258
8.221
8.184
8.148
8.112

40
42
44
46
48

50
52
54
56
58

12.323
13.599
14.987
16.495
18.130

0.001012
0.001013
0.001014
0.001015
0.001016

12.1
11.0
10.0
9.2
8.4

209.3
217.7
226.0
234.4
242.7

2443.5
2446.1
2448.8
2451.4
2454.0

209.3
217.7
226.0
234.4
242.7

2382.8
2377.9
2373.1
2368.2
2363.4

2592.1
2595.6
2599.1
2602.6
2606.1

0.704
0.729
0.755
0.781
0.806

8.077
8.043
8.009
7.976
7.943

50
52
54
56
58

60
62
64
66
68

19.901
21.818
23.889
26.125
28.536

0.001017
0.001018
0.001019
0.001020
0.001022

7.7
7.1
6.5
6.0
5.5

251.1
259.5
267.8
276.2
284.6

2456.6
2459.2
2461.8
2464.4
2467.0

251.1
259.5
267.8
276.2
284.6

2358.5
2353.6
2348.7
2343.8
2338.8

2609.6
2613.1
2616.5
2620.0
2623.4

0.831
0.856
0.881
0.906
0.930

7.910
7.879
7.847
7.816
7.786

60
62
64
66
68

70
72
74
76
78

31.133
33.927
36.929
40.153
43.611

0.001023
0.001024
0.001025
0.001027
0.001028

5.1
4.7
4.3
4.0
3.7

292.9
301.3
309.7
318.1
326.5

2469.6
2472.1
2474.7
2477.2
2479.7

293.0
301.3
309.7
318.1
326.5

2333.9
2328.9
2323.9
2318.9
2313.8

2626.8
2630.2
2633.6
2637.0
2640.3

0.955
0.979
1.003
1.027
1.051

7.756
7.727
7.698
7.669
7.641

70
72
74
76
78

80
82
84
86
88

47.315
51.281
55.521
60.051
64.886

0.001029
0.001030
0.001032
0.001033
0.001035

3.4
3.2
2.9
2.7
2.5

334.8
343.2
351.6
360.0
368.4

2482.2
2484.7
2487.2
2489.6
2492.1

334.9
343.3
351.7
360.1
368.5

2308.8
2303.7
2298.6
2293.5
2288.4

2643.7
2647.0
2650.3
2653.6
2656.9

1.075
1.099
1.122
1.146
1.169

7.613
7.585
7.558
7.532
7.506

80
82
84
86
88

90
92
94
96
98

70.042
75.536
81.383
87.602
94.210

0.001036
0.001037
0.001039
0.001040
0.001042

2.4
2.2
2.1
1.9
1.8

376.8
385.2
393.7
402.1
410.5

2494.5
2497.0
2499.4
2501.8
2504.2

376.9
385.3
393.7
402.2
410.6

2283.2
2278.0
2272.8
2267.6
2262.3

2660.1
2663.3
2666.6
2669.7
2672.9

1.192
1.216
1.239
1.261
1.284

7.480
7.454
7.429
7.404
7.380

90
92
94
96
98

100

101.227

0.001044

1.7

418.9

2506.5

419.0

2257.0

2676.1

1.307

7.355

100

Water
uf

kJ/kg
Steam
ug

Specific enthalpy
kJ/kg
Evaporation
Steam
hfg
hg

Water
hf

Saturated Water and Steam

Pressures from the Triple Point to 100kPa
Specific internal
energy

Pressure
kPa
p
0.611
0.8

Temp
C
t
0.0
3.8

1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8

7.0
9.7
12.0
14.0
15.9

0.001000
0.001000
0.001001
0.001001
0.001001

129.2
108.7
93.9
82.8
74.0

29.4
40.7
50.4
59.0
66.7

2385.0
2388.7
2391.9
2394.7
2397.3

29.4
40.7
50.4
59.0
66.7

2484.8
2478.5
2473.0
2468.2
2463.9

2514.2
2519.2
2523.4
2527.2
2530.5

0.106
0.146
0.181
0.211
0.237

8.976
8.909
8.853
8.805
8.762

1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8

2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8

17.5
19.1
20.5
21.8
23.0

0.001001
0.001002
0.001002
0.001002
0.001002

67.0
61.2
56.4
52.3
48.7

73.6
80.0
85.8
91.3
96.4

2399.5
2401.6
2403.5
2405.3
2407.0

73.6
80.0
85.8
91.3
96.4

2460.0
2456.4
2453.1
2450.0
2447.1

2533.6
2536.3
2538.9
2541.3
2543.5

0.261
0.283
0.303
0.322
0.339

8.724
8.689
8.658
8.629
8.603

2
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8

3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5

24.1
26.7
29.0
31.1

0.001003
0.001003
0.001004
0.001005

45.7
39.5
34.8
31.1

101.2
112.0
121.6
130.2

2408.6
2412.1
2415.2
2418.0

101.2
112.0
121.6
130.2

2444.4
2438.3
2432.8
2428.0

2545.6
2550.3
2554.4
2558.2

0.355
0.391
0.423
0.451

8.578
8.523
8.475
8.433

3
3.5
4
4.5

5.0
6
7
8
9

32.9
36.2
39.0
41.6
43.8

0.001005
0.001006
0.001007
0.001008
0.001009

28.2
23.7
20.5
18.1
16.2

138.0
151.7
163.5
174.0
183.4

2420.5
2425.0
2428.8
2432.2
2435.2

138.0
151.7
163.6
174.0
183.4

2423.6
2415.8
2409.0
2403.0
2397.6

2561.5
2567.5
2572.6
2577.1
2581.1

0.477
0.521
0.560
0.593
0.623

8.395
8.331
8.276
8.229
8.187

5
6
7
8
9

10
11
12
13
14

45.9
47.7
49.5
51.1
52.6

0.001010
0.001011
0.001012
0.001013
0.001013

14.7
13.4
12.4
11.5
10.7

192.0
199.8
207.1
213.8
220.1

2438.0
2440.5
2442.8
2444.9
2446.9

192.0
199.8
207.1
213.8
220.2

2392.7
2388.2
2384.0
2380.1
2376.5

2584.7
2588.1
2591.1
2594.0
2596.6

0.650
0.674
0.697
0.718
0.737

8.150
8.117
8.087
8.059
8.033

10
11
12
13
14

15
16
17
18
19

54.0
55.4
56.6
57.8
59.0

0.001014
0.001015
0.001015
0.001016
0.001017

10.0
9.4
8.9
8.4
8.0

226.1
231.7
237.0
242.1
246.9

2448.8
2450.6
2452.2
2453.8
2455.3

226.1
231.7
237.0
242.1
246.9

2373.1
2369.8
2366.7
2363.7
2360.9

2599.1
2601.5
2603.7
2605.9
2607.9

0.755
0.772
0.789
0.804
0.819

8.009
7.986
7.965
7.945
7.927

15
16
17
18
19

20
22
24
26
28

60.1
62.2
64.1
65.9
67.6

0.001017
0.001018
0.001019
0.001020
0.001021

7.7
7.0
6.4
6.0
5.6

251.5
260.2
268.3
275.7
282.8

2456.8
2459.5
2462.0
2464.3
2466.4

251.6
260.2
268.3
275.8
282.8

2358.2
2353.2
2348.4
2344.0
2339.9

2609.8
2613.4
2616.7
2619.8
2622.7

0.832
0.858
0.882
0.904
0.925

7.909
7.876
7.846
7.818
7.793

20
22
24
26
28

30
35
40
45

69.1
72.7
75.9
78.8

0.001022
0.001024
0.001026
0.001028

5.2
4.5
4.0
3.6

289.4
304.4
317.7
329.7

2468.5
2473.0
2477.1
2480.7

289.4
304.4
317.7
329.7

2336.0
2327.1
2319.1
2311.9

2625.4
2631.5
2636.8
2641.6

0.944
0.988
1.026
1.061

7.769
7.716
7.670
7.630

30
35
40
45

50
55
60
65
70

81.4
83.8
86.0
88.0
90.0

0.001030
0.001032
0.001033
0.001035
0.001036

3.2
3.0
2.7
2.5
2.4

340.6
350.6
359.9
368.6
376.8

2483.9
2486.9
2489.6
2492.2
2494.5

340.6
350.7
360.0
368.7
376.8

2305.3
2299.2
2293.6
2288.2
2283.2

2645.9
2649.9
2653.6
2656.9
2660.1

1.091
1.120
1.146
1.170
1.192

7.594
7.562
7.532
7.505
7.480

50
55
60
65
70

75
80
85
90
95

91.8
93.5
95.2
96.7
98.2

0.001037
0.001039
0.001040
0.001041
0.001042

2.2
2.1
2.0
1.9
1.8

384.4
391.7
398.6
405.2
411.5

2496.7
2498.8
2500.8
2502.7
2504.4

384.5
391.8
398.7
405.3
411.6

2278.5
2274.0
2269.7
2265.6
2261.7

2663.0
2665.8
2668.4
2670.9
2673.3

1.213
1.233
1.252
1.270
1.287

7.457
7.435
7.414
7.395
7.377

75
80
85
90
95

100
101.325

99.7
100.0

0.001043
0.001044

1.7
1.7

417.5
419.0

2506.1
2506.5

417.6
419.1

2257.9
2257.0

2675.5
2676.1

1.303
1.307

7.360
7.355

100
101.325

Water
uf
0.1
15.9

kJ/kg
Steam
ug
2375.4
2380.6

Specific enthalpy
kJ/kg
Water
Evaporation
Steam
hf
hfg
hg
0.1
2501.3
2501.4
15.9
2492.4
2508.3

Specific
entropy
kJ/kg.K
Water Steam
sf
sg
0.000 9.157
0.058 9.058

Specific volume
m/kg
Water
Steam
vf
vg
0.001000
206.3
0.001000
159.7

Pressure
kPa
p
0.611
0.8
0.01 bar

0.1 bar

0.2 bar

0.5 bar

1 bar

Saturated Water and Steam

Pressures from 100 to 3,000kPa
Specific volume
m/kg
Water
Steam
vf
vg

Steam
hg

Specific.entropy
kJ/kg.K
Water
Steam
sf
sg

2257.9
2250.8
2244.2
2237.9
2232.0

2675.5
2679.7
2683.6
2687.2
2690.5

1.303
1.333
1.361
1.387
1.411

7.360
7.327
7.298
7.271
7.247

100
110
120
130
140

467.2
475.5
483.3
490.8
498.0

2226.4
2221.1
2216.0
2211.1
2206.4

2693.6
2696.5
2699.3
2701.9
2704.4

1.434
1.455
1.475
1.495
1.513

7.223
7.202
7.182
7.162
7.144

150
160
170
180
190

2529.5
2532.8
2535.9
2538.6
2541.2

504.8
517.7
529.8
541.0
551.6

2201.9
2193.3
2185.3
2177.8
2170.6

2706.7
2711.1
2715.1
2718.8
2722.2

1.530
1.563
1.593
1.621
1.647

7.127
7.095
7.066
7.040
7.015

200
220
240
260
280

561.3
570.7
579.7
588.3
596.6

2543.6
2545.9
2548.0
2550.0
2551.8

561.6
571.1
580.1
588.7
597.0

2163.8
2157.3
2151.0
2145.1
2139.3

2725.4
2728.4
2731.2
2733.8
2736.3

1.672
1.695
1.717
1.738
1.758

6.992
6.971
6.950
6.931
6.913

300
320
340
360
380

0.4625
0.4418
0.4229
0.4055
0.3896

604.4
612.0
619.3
626.4
633.2

2553.6
2555.3
2556.9
2558.4
2559.9

604.9
612.5
619.8
626.9
633.7

2133.7
2128.4
2123.1
2118.1
2113.2

2738.6
2740.9
2743.0
2745.0
2746.9

1.777
1.795
1.813
1.829
1.845

6.896
6.880
6.864
6.849
6.835

400
420
440
460
480

0.001093
0.001097
0.001101
0.001104
0.001108

0.3749
0.3427
0.3157
0.2927
0.2729

639.8
655.5
670.0
683.7
696.6

2561.3
2564.5
2567.5
2570.1
2572.6

640.4
656.1
670.7
684.4
697.4

2108.4
2097.0
2086.2
2076.0
2066.2

2748.8
2753.0
2756.9
2760.4
2763.6

1.861
1.898
1.932
1.963
1.993

6.821
6.789
6.760
6.733
6.708

500
550
600
650
700

167.8
170.5
173.0
175.4
177.7

0.001112
0.001115
0.001118
0.001121
0.001124

0.2556
0.2405
0.2270
0.2150
0.2042

708.8
720.4
731.4
742.0
752.1

2574.8
2576.9
2578.8
2580.5
2582.2

709.6
721.3
732.4
743.0
753.2

2056.9
2048.0
2039.3
2031.0
2023.0

2766.5
2769.2
2771.7
2774.0
2776.2

2.020
2.047
2.071
2.095
2.118

6.685
6.663
6.642
6.623
6.604

750
800
850
900
950

1,000
1,050
1,100
1,150
1,200

179.9
182.1
184.1
186.1
188.0

0.001127
0.001130
0.001133
0.001136
0.001139

0.1945
0.1856
0.1775
0.1702
0.1634

761.9
771.2
780.3
789.0
797.5

2583.7
2585.2
2586.5
2587.7
2588.9

763.0
772.4
781.5
790.3
798.8

2015.2
2007.6
2000.3
1993.1
1986.1

2778.2
2780.1
2781.8
2783.4
2784.9

2.139
2.160
2.180
2.199
2.217

6.587
6.570
6.554
6.538
6.524

1,000
1,050
1,100
1,150
1,200

1,250
1,300
1,400

189.9
191.7
195.1

0.001141
0.001144
0.001149

0.1571
0.1513
0.1409

805.7
813.6
828.9

2590.0
2591.0
2592.9

807.1
815.1
830.5

1979.3
1972.6
1959.6

2786.4
2787.7
2790.1

2.235
2.252
2.285

6.509
6.496
6.469

1,250
1,300
1,400

1,500
1,600
1,700
1,800
1,900

198.4
201.5
204.4
207.2
209.9

0.001154
0.001159
0.001163
0.001168
0.001172

0.1318
0.1238
0.1167
0.1104
0.1048

843.4
857.1
870.3
882.9
895.0

2594.6
2596.1
2597.3
2598.5
2599.5

845.1
859.0
872.3
885.0
897.2

1947.2
1935.2
1923.6
1912.3
1901.3

2792.3
2794.2
2795.8
2797.3
2798.5

2.315
2.345
2.372
2.399
2.424

6.445
6.422
6.400
6.380
6.360

1,500
1,600
1,700
1,800
1,900

2,000
2,100
2,200
2,300
2,400

212.5
214.9
217.3
219.6
221.9

0.001177
0.001181
0.001185
0.001189
0.001193

0.0996
0.0950
0.0907
0.0869
0.0833

906.6
917.9
928.7
939.2
949.4

2600.4
2601.1
2601.8
2602.4
2602.9

909.0
920.3
931.3
942.0
952.3

1890.7
1880.3
1870.1
1860.2
1850.5

2799.7
2800.6
2801.4
2802.2
2802.7

2.448
2.471
2.493
2.514
2.535

6.341
6.323
6.306
6.289
6.273

2,000
2,100
2,200
2,300
2,400

2,500
2,600
2,700
2,800
2,900

224.0
226.1
228.2
230.1
232.1

0.001197
0.001201
0.001205
0.001209
0.001213

0.0800
0.0769
0.0741
0.0715
0.0690

959.3
968.9
978.3
987.4
996.3

2603.3
2603.6
2603.8
2604.0
2604.1

962.3
972.0
981.5
990.8
999.8

1840.9
1831.6
1822.4
1813.3
1804.4

2803.2
2803.6
2803.9
2804.1
2804.2

2.555
2.574
2.593
2.611
2.629

6.258
6.243
6.228
6.214
6.200

2,500
2,600
2,700
2,800
2,900

3,000

233.9

0.001217

0.0667

1005.0

2604.2

1008.6

1795.7

2804.3

2.646

6.187

3,000

Pressure
kPa
p

Temp
C
t

100
110
120
130
140

99.7
102.3
104.8
107.2
109.3

0.001043
0.001045
0.001047
0.001049
0.001051

150
160
170
180
190

111.4
113.4
115.2
117.0
118.7

200
220
240
260
280

Specific internal energy

kJ/kg
Water
uf

Steam
ug

Water
hf

1.6942
1.5497
1.4285
1.3255
1.2367

417.5
428.8
439.3
449.1
458.4

2506.1
2509.3
2512.2
2514.9
2517.4

417.6
428.9
439.4
449.3
458.5

0.001053
0.001054
0.001056
0.001058
0.001059

1.1594
1.0915
1.0313
0.9776
0.9294

467.1
475.3
483.1
490.6
497.8

2519.7
2521.9
2524.0
2525.9
2527.8

120.3
123.3
126.1
128.8
131.2

0.001061
0.001063
0.001066
0.001069
0.001071

0.8858
0.8102
0.7468
0.6928
0.6464

504.6
517.5
529.5
540.7
551.3

300
320
340
360
380

133.6
135.8
137.9
139.9
141.8

0.001073
0.001075
0.001078
0.001080
0.001082

0.6059
0.5703
0.5388
0.5106
0.4853

400
420
440
460
480

143.7
145.4
147.1
148.8
150.4

0.001084
0.001085
0.001087
0.001089
0.001091

500
550
600
650
700

151.9
155.5
158.9
162.0
165.0

750
800
850
900
950

Specific enthalpy
kJ/kg
Evaporation
hfg

Pressure
kPa
p
1 bar

2 bar

4 bar

7 bar

10 bar

20 bar

Saturated Water and Steam

Pressures from 3,000kPa to Critical Point
Specific volume
m/kg
Water
Steam
vf
vg

Water
uf

Steam
ug

Specific enthalpy
kJ/kg
Water
Evaporation
Steam
hf
hfg
hg

0.06669
0.06250
0.05878
0.05546
0.05248

1005.0
1021.7
1037.8
1053.3
1068.1

2604.2
2604.2
2604.0
2603.6
2603.1

1008.6
1025.7
1042.0
1057.7
1072.9

1795.7
1778.5
1761.8
1745.6
1729.6

2804.3
2804.2
2803.8
2803.3
2802.5

2.646
2.679
2.710
2.740
2.769

6.187
6.162
6.137
6.114
6.092

3,000
3,200
3,400
3,600
3,800

0.001252
0.001259
0.001266
0.001273
0.001279

0.04979
0.04734
0.04511
0.04306
0.04118

1082.5
1096.4
1109.8
1122.9
1135.6

2602.4
2601.6
2600.7
2599.6
2598.5

1087.5
1101.7
1115.4
1128.8
1141.7

1714.1
1698.8
1683.7
1669.0
1654.4

2801.5
2800.4
2799.1
2797.7
2796.2

2.797
2.823
2.849
2.873
2.897

6.070
6.050
6.030
6.011
5.992

4,000
4,200
4,400
4,600
4,800

264.0
266.5
268.9
271.2
273.5

0.001286
0.001293
0.001299
0.001306
0.001312

0.03945
0.03784
0.03635
0.03496
0.03366

1148.0
1160.0
1171.8
1183.3
1194.6

2597.3
2595.9
2594.5
2593.0
2591.5

1154.4
1166.8
1178.8
1190.6
1202.2

1640.1
1625.9
1612.0
1598.2
1584.5

2794.5
2792.7
2790.8
2788.8
2786.7

2.920
2.943
2.965
2.986
3.007

5.974
5.956
5.939
5.922
5.906

5,000
5,200
5,400
5,600
5,800

6,000
6,200
6,400
6,600
6,800

275.7
277.8
279.9
282.0
284.0

0.001319
0.001325
0.001332
0.001338
0.001345

0.03245
0.03131
0.03024
0.02923
0.02828

1205.6
1216.4
1227.0
1237.4
1247.6

2589.8
2588.1
2586.3
2584.5
2582.6

1213.5
1224.6
1235.5
1246.3
1256.8

1571.0
1557.6
1544.3
1531.1
1518.1

2784.5
2782.2
2779.9
2777.4
2774.9

3.027
3.047
3.066
3.085
3.103

5.889
5.874
5.858
5.843
5.828

6,000
6,200
6,400
6,600
6,800

7,000
7,200
7,400
7,600
7,800

285.9
287.8
289.7
291.5
293.3

0.001351
0.001358
0.001365
0.001371
0.001378

0.02738
0.02652
0.02572
0.02495
0.02422

1257.7
1267.6
1277.3
1286.9
1296.4

2580.6
2578.6
2576.5
2574.4
2572.2

1267.2
1277.4
1287.4
1297.4
1307.1

1505.1
1492.2
1479.4
1466.6
1454.0

2772.3
2769.6
2766.8
2764.0
2761.1

3.121
3.139
3.157
3.174
3.190

5.814
5.799
5.785
5.771
5.757

7,000
7,200
7,400
7,600
7,800

8,000
8,200
8,400
8,600
8,800

295.1
296.8
298.5
300.2
301.8

0.001384
0.001391
0.001398
0.001404
0.001411

0.02352
0.02286
0.02223
0.02162
0.02104

1305.7
1314.9
1324.0
1333.0
1341.9

2569.9
2567.6
2565.3
2562.9
2560.4

1316.8
1326.3
1335.8
1345.1
1354.3

1441.3
1428.8
1416.2
1403.8
1391.3

2758.1
2755.1
2752.0
2748.8
2745.6

3.207
3.223
3.239
3.255
3.271

5.743
5.730
5.717
5.703
5.690

8,000
8,200
8,400
8,600
8,800

9,000
9,200
9,400
9,600
9,800

303.4
305.0
306.6
308.1
309.6

0.001418
0.001425
0.001432
0.001439
0.001446

0.02049
0.01996
0.01945
0.01896
0.01848

1350.6
1359.3
1367.9
1376.4
1384.8

2557.9
2555.3
2552.7
2550.1
2547.3

1363.4
1372.4
1381.4
1390.2
1399.0

1378.9
1366.5
1354.2
1341.8
1329.5

2742.3
2738.9
2735.5
2732.0
2728.5

3.286
3.301
3.316
3.331
3.345

5.677
5.665
5.652
5.639
5.627

9,000
9,200
9,400
9,600
9,800

10,000
10,500
11,000
11,500
12,000

311.1
314.7
318.2
321.5
324.8

0.001453
0.001470
0.001489
0.001507
0.001527

0.01803
0.01697
0.01599
0.01509
0.01427

1393.2
1413.7
1433.8
1453.6
1473.1

2544.6
2537.4
2529.9
2522.1
2513.8

1407.7
1429.1
1450.2
1470.9
1491.4

1317.2
1286.4
1255.6
1224.7
1193.6

2724.9
2715.5
2705.8
2695.6
2685.0

3.360
3.395
3.430
3.463
3.496

5.614
5.583
5.553
5.523
5.493

10,000
10,500
11,000
11,500
12,000

12,500
13,000
13,500
14,000
14,500

327.9
331.0
333.9
336.8
339.6

0.001547
0.001567
0.001589
0.001611
0.001634

0.01350
0.01278
0.01212
0.01149
0.01090

1492.3
1511.3
1530.1
1548.7
1567.3

2505.3
2496.3
2486.9
2477.0
2466.6

1511.6
1531.6
1551.5
1571.3
1591.0

1162.4
1130.8
1098.9
1066.6
1033.7

2674.0
2662.5
2650.4
2637.8
2624.7

3.529
3.561
3.592
3.623
3.654

5.463
5.433
5.403
5.372
5.341

12,500
13,000
13,500
14,000
14,500

15,000
15,500
16,000
16,500
17,000

342.3
344.9
347.5
350.0
352.4

0.001658
0.001684
0.001711
0.001740
0.001771

0.01034
0.00981
0.00931
0.00883
0.00837

1585.8
1604.4
1622.9
1641.7
1660.6

2455.7
2444.2
2432.1
2419.2
2405.5

1610.7
1630.5
1650.3
1670.4
1690.7

1000.2
965.9
930.8
894.6
857.2

2610.9
2596.4
2581.1
2565.0
2547.9

3.685
3.716
3.746
3.777
3.808

5.310
5.279
5.246
5.213
5.179

15,000
15,500
16,000
16,500
17,000

17,500
18,000
18,500
19,000
19,500

354.8
357.1
359.4
361.6
363.7

0.001804
0.001841
0.001881
0.001926
0.001978

0.00793
0.00750
0.00708
0.00667
0.00626

1679.8
1699.4
1719.6
1740.7
1762.8

2390.9
2375.1
2358.0
2339.3
2318.5

1711.4
1732.6
1754.4
1777.3
1801.4

818.3
777.6
734.6
688.8
639.3

2529.7
2510.1
2489.1
2466.1
2440.7

3.840
3.872
3.905
3.940
3.976

5.143
5.106
5.067
5.025
4.980

17,500
18,000
18,500
19,000
19,500

20,000
20,500
21,000
21,500
22,000
22,105

365.9
367.9
369.9
371.9
373.8
374.1

0.002039
0.002114
0.002213
0.002365
0.002766
0.002717

0.00585
0.00543
0.00498
0.00446
0.00363
0.00272

1786.6
1812.9
1843.7
1883.9
1966.0
1959.0

2294.9
2267.4
2233.6
2187.5
2094.9
1959.0

1827.4
1856.3
1890.1
1934.7
2026.9
2019.1

584.6
522.5
448.1
348.6
147.8
0.0

2412.0
2378.8
2338.2
2283.4
2174.6
2019.1

4.016
4.059
4.110
4.178
4.318
4.306

4.930
4.874
4.807
4.718
4.547
4.306

20,000
20,500
21,000
21,500
22,000
22,105

Pressure
kPa
p

Temp
C
t

3,000
3,200
3,400
3,600
3,800

233.9
237.5
241.0
244.3
247.4

0.001217
0.001224
0.001231
0.001238
0.001245

4,000
4,200
4,400
4,600
4,800

250.4
253.4
256.2
258.9
261.5

5,000
5,200
5,400
5,600
5,800

Specific internal energy

kJ/kg

Specific entropy

kJ/kg.K
Water Steam
sf
sg

Pressure
kPa
p

30 bar

50 bar

70 bar

100 bar

150 bar

200 bar

Critical point

Specific Enthalpy of Water and Steam

Pressure (kPa)
Pressure (bar)
Sat. temp. ( C)
Sat. specific
enthalpy
(kJ/kg)

10

50

100

500

1,000

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

22,105

25,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

Critical
Pressure

100,000

0.1
45.9

81.4

1
99.7

151.9

10
179.9

212.5

250.4

275.7

295.1

100
311.1

342.3

365.9

374.1

Water
Steam

192.0
2584.7

340.6
2645.9

417.6
2675.5

640.4
2748.8

763.0
2778.2

909.0
2799.7

1087.5
2801.5

1213.5
2784.5

1316.8
2758.1

1407.7
2724.9

1610.7
2610.9

1827.4
2412.0

2117.4
2117.3

Temp ( C)
0
25
50
75

2502
2548
2595
2642

0.0
104.9
2593
2640

0.0
104.9
209.3
313.9

0.1
105.0
209.4
314.0

0.5
105.3
209.7
314.3

1.0
105.8
210.2
314.7

2.0
106.7
211.0
315.5

4.0
108.6
212.7
317.1

6.0
110.4
214.5
318.7

Specific Enthalpy (kJ/kg)

8.0
10.0
15.0
112.3
114.1
118.7
216.2
217.9
222.2
320.3
322.0
326.0

20.0
123.2
226.5
330.0

22.1
125.2
228.2
331.7

24.9
127.8
230.7
334.0

29.8
132.3
235.0
338.1

39.5
141.3
243.5
346.1

49.0
150.3
251.9
354.2

95.0
194.1
293.8
394.2

Temp ( C)
0
25
50
75

100
125
150
175

2689
2736
2784
2832

2687
2735
2783
2831

2683
2731
2780
2829

2676
2727
2776
2826

419.3
525.2
632.2
2801

419.7
525.5
632.5
741.2

420.5
526.2
633.1
741.7

422.0
527.6
634.4
742.8

423.5
529.0
635.6
743.9

425.0
530.4
636.9
744.9

426.5
531.7
638.1
746.0

430.3
535.2
641.3
748.8

434.0
538.8
644.5
751.6

435.6
540.2
645.8
752.8

437.8
542.3
647.7
754.4

441.6
545.8
650.9
757.3

449.2
552.9
657.4
763.1

456.9
560.1
664.0
769.1

495.1
596.2
697.9
800.3

100
125
150
175

200
225
250
275

2880
2929
2978
3027

2880
2928
2977
3027

2878
2927
2976
3026

2875
2925
2974
3024

2855
2908
2961
3013

2828
2886
2943
2997

852.6
2836
2902
2964

853.4
967.1
1085.4
2886

854.3
967.6
1085.3
1210.0

855.1
968.1
1085.3
1209.2

856.0
968.7
1085.4
1208.4

858.2
970.2
1085.8
1206.9

860.5
971.8
1086.4
1205.9

861.5
972.5
1086.7
1205.6

862.8
973.5
1087.2
1205.3

865.2
975.3
1088.1
1205.0

870.3
979.2
1090.6
1205.2

875.5
983.5
1093.5
1206.3

903.7
1008.1
1113.6
1220.4

200
225
250
275

300
325
350
375

3077
3127
3177
3228

3077
3127
3177
3228

3076
3126
3176
3227

3074
3125
3175
3227

3064
3116
3168
3220

3051
3105
3158
3211

3024
3081
3137
3192

2961
3029
3092
3154

2884
2968
3043
3112

2785
2897
2987
3066

1342.3
2809
2923
3016

1337.2
1484.8
2692
2859

1333.3
1474.3
1645.6
2603

1331.9
1470.7
1635.0
2310

1330.2
1466.3
1623.5
1848

1327.8
1460.1
1608.4
1791

1324.6
1451.1
1588.2
1743

1323.0
1445.2
1575.2
1717

1328.8
1439.4
1552.6
1669

300
325
350
375

400
425
450
475

3280
3331
3384
3436

3280
3331
3383
3436

3279
3331
3383
3436

3278
3330
3382
3435

3272
3324
3377
3430

3264
3317
3371
3424

3248
3303
3357
3412

3214
3272
3330
3388

3177
3240
3302
3362

3138
3206
3272
3336

3096
3171
3241
3308

2975
3071
3156
3235

2818
2953
3060
3153

2733
2895
3016
3117

2580
2806
2950
3064

2151
2614
2821
2965

1931
2198
2513
2740

1875
2060
2284
2519

1790
1915
2044
2177

400
425
450
475

500
550
600
650

3489
3596
3705
3816

3489
3596
3705
3816

3489
3596
3705
3816

3488
3596
3705
3816

3484
3592
3702
3813

3478
3587
3698
3810

3468
3578
3690
3803

3445
3560
3674
3790

3422
3541
3658
3776

3398
3521
3642
3762

3374
3501
3625
3748

3309
3449
3582
3712

3238
3393
3538
3675

3207
3369
3518
3660

3162
3336
3491
3637

3081
3275
3444
3599

2903
3149
3346
3521

2720
3020
3248
3442

2313
2590
2860
3108

500
550
600
650

700
750
800

3929
4043
4159

3929
4043
4159

3929
4043
4159

3928
4043
4159

3926
4041
4157

3923
4038
4155

3917
4033
4150

3906
4023
4142

3894
4013
4133

3882
4003
4124

3871
3993
4115

3840
3967
4092

3809
3940
4070

3796
3929
4060

3778
3914
4047

3746
3887
4024

3681
3833
3979

3617
3780
3934

3332
3537
3726

700
750
800

1000

Specific Entropy of Water and Steam

Pressure (kPa)
Pressure (bar)
Sat. temp. ( C)
Sat. specific
entropy
(kg/kg.K)

10

50

100

500

1,000

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

22,105

25,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

Critical
Pressure

100,000

0.1
45.9

81.4

1
99.7

151.9

10
179.9

212.5

250.4

275.7

295.1

100
311.1

342.3

365.9

374.1

0.650
8.150

1.091
7.594

1.303
7.360

1.861
6.821

2.139
6.587

2.448
6.341

2.797
6.070

3.027
5.889

3.207
5.743

3.360
5.614

3.685
5.310

4.016
4.930

4.458
4.458

Temp ( C)
0
25
50
75

0.000
0.367
8.175
8.316

0.000
0.367
0.704
1.015

0.000
0.367
0.704
1.015

0.000
0.367
0.703
1.015

0.000
0.367
0.703
1.015

0.000
0.367
0.703
1.014

0.000
0.366
0.702
1.013

0.000
0.366
0.701
1.012

Specific Entropy (kJ/kg.K)

0.000 0.000
0.000
0.365 0.365
0.363
0.700 0.699
0.697
1.010 1.009
1.006

0.000
0.362
0.694
1.003

0.000
0.361
0.693
1.002

0.000
0.361
0.692
1.000

0.000
0.359
0.690
0.997

0.000
0.356
0.685
0.991

-0.001
0.353
0.681
0.985

-0.010
0.337
0.658
0.958

Temp ( C)
0
25
50
75

100
125
150
175

8.448
8.572
8.688
8.799

7.695
7.821
7.940
8.052

7.361
7.492
7.613
7.727

1.306
1.581
1.842
6.941

1.306
1.581
1.841
2.091

1.305
1.580
1.840
2.089

1.304
1.578
1.838
2.087

1.302
1.576
1.836
2.084

1.301
1.574
1.833
2.082

1.299
1.572
1.831
2.079

1.295
1.568
1.826
2.073

1.292
1.563
1.821
2.067

1.290
1.561
1.819
2.064

1.288
1.559
1.816
2.061

1.284
1.555
1.811
2.055

1.277
1.546
1.801
2.043

1.270
1.538
1.791
2.032

1.237
1.500
1.747
1.983

100
125
150
175

200
225
250
275

8.904
9.004
9.100
9.192

8.158
8.259
8.356
8.448

7.834
7.936
8.033
8.126

7.059
7.168
7.271
7.368

6.694
6.815
6.925
7.027

2.330
6.415
6.545
6.661

2.327
2.561
2.793
6.228

2.324
2.557
2.788
3.021

2.321
2.554
2.783
3.014

2.318
2.550
2.778
3.008

2.310
2.541
2.767
2.994

2.303
2.532
2.757
2.980

2.300
2.529
2.752
2.974

2.296
2.524
2.747
2.967

2.289
2.516
2.737
2.955

2.276
2.500
2.718
2.932

2.263
2.486
2.701
2.912

2.207
2.422
2.629
2.828

200
225
250
275

300
325
350
375

9.281
9.367
9.450
9.530

8.537
8.623
8.706
8.786

8.216
8.302
8.385
8.465

7.460
7.548
7.633
7.715

7.123
7.214
7.301
7.385

6.766
6.864
6.956
7.044

6.361
6.477
6.582
6.679

6.067
6.211
6.333
6.442

5.791
5.983
6.130
6.254

3.247
5.757
5.944
6.089

3.226
3.478
5.442
5.705

3.207
3.448
3.728
5.227

3.200
3.437
3.706
4.755

3.190
3.422
3.680
4.032

3.174
3.400
3.643
3.930

3.145
3.361
3.586
3.829

3.120
3.329
3.542
3.764

3.021
3.210
3.396
3.579

300
325
350
375

400
425
450
475

9.608
9.683
9.757
9.828

8.864
8.940
9.013
9.085

8.543
8.619
8.693
8.764

7.794
7.870
7.945
8.017

7.465
7.543
7.618
7.691

7.127
7.207
7.284
7.359

6.769
6.855
6.936
7.015

6.541
6.633
6.719
6.802

6.363
6.463
6.555
6.642

6.212
6.320
6.419
6.510

5.881
6.021
6.140
6.247

5.554
5.751
5.902
6.028

5.399
5.636
5.806
5.943

5.142
5.472
5.674
5.829

4.473
5.150
5.442
5.637

4.113
4.503
4.946
5.255

4.003
4.273
4.588
4.908

3.762
3.944
4.125
4.306

400
425
450
475

500
550
600
650

9.898
10.032
10.161
10.284

9.155
9.289
9.418
9.541

8.834
8.969
9.098
9.221

8.087
8.223
8.352
8.476

7.762
7.899
8.029
8.154

7.432
7.571
7.702
7.828

7.090
7.234
7.369
7.497

6.880
7.029
7.168
7.299

6.724
6.878
7.021
7.155

6.597
6.756
6.903
7.040

6.344
6.520
6.678
6.822

6.140
6.335
6.505
6.658

6.062
6.266
6.441
6.599

5.959
6.176
6.360
6.523

5.790
6.034
6.233
6.406

5.470
5.778
6.011
6.205

5.173
5.549
5.818
6.034

4.485
4.833
5.151
5.427

500
550
600
650

700
750
800

10.403
10.517
10.628

9.660
9.774
9.885

9.340
9.454
9.565

8.595
8.710
8.821

8.273
8.388
8.500

7.949
8.065
8.177

7.620
7.737
7.850

7.423
7.542
7.657

7.281
7.402
7.517

7.169
7.291
7.408

6.957
7.084
7.204

6.799
6.931
7.054

6.742
6.876
7.001

6.671
6.807
6.935

6.561
6.702
6.833

6.375
6.527
6.666

6.219
6.382
6.529

5.664
5.870
6.050

700
750
800

Water
Steam

1000

Density of Water and Steam

Pressure (kPa)
Pressure (bar)
Sat. temp. ( C)
Sat. density
(kg/m)

10

50

100

500

1,000

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

20,000

22,105

25,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

Critical
Pressure

100,000

0.1
45.9
990
0.0681

81.4
971
0.309

1
99.7
959
0.590

151.9
915
2.67

10
179.9
887
5.14

212.5
850
10.04

250.4
799
20.09

275.7
758
30.8

295.1
722
42.5

342.3
603
96.7

365.9
490
170.8

374.1
368
368

Temp ( C)
0
25
50
75

1000
997
0.0673
0.0624

1000
997
988
975

1000
997
988
975

1000
997
988
975

1000
998
988
975

1001
998
989
976

1002
999
990
977

1003
1000
991
977

Density (kg/m)
1004
1005
1007
1001
1002
1004
991
992
994
978
979
981

1010
1006
997
983

1011
1007
997
984

1012
1008
999
986

1015
1010
1001
988

1019
1014
1005
992

1024
1018
1009
996

1045
1038
1028
1015

Temp ( C)
0
25
50
75

100
125
150
175

0.0582
0.0545
0.0512
0.0484

0.293
0.274
0.257
0.243

0.590
0.550
0.516
0.487

958
939
917
2.504

959
939
917
892

959
940
918
893

960
941
919
894

961
942
920
896

962
943
921
897

963
944
922
898

965
946
925
901

967
949
928
904

968
950
929
906

970
951
930
907

972
954
933
910

976
958
938
916

980
963
943
921

1000
983
965
945

100
125
150
175

200
225
250
275

0.0458
0.0435
0.0414
0.0395

0.230
0.218
0.207
0.198

0.460
0.437
0.416
0.396

2.353
2.223
2.108
2.006

4.86
4.55
4.30
4.07

865
9.64
8.97
8.43

867
835
799
18.33

868
837
802
760

870
839
804
763

871
841
806
766

875
845
812
773

878
849
817
779

880
851
819
782

882
853
822
786

885
857
826
792

891
864
835
802

897
871
843
812

924
901
877
851

200
225
250
275

300
325
350
375

0.0378
0.0362
0.0348
0.0334

0.189
0.181
0.174
0.167

0.379
0.363
0.348
0.335

1.914
1.830
1.754
1.684

3.88
3.70
3.54
3.39

7.97
7.57
7.22
6.90

17.00
15.93
15.05
14.29

28
25.40
23.68
22.28

41.2
36.5
33.4
31.0

716
50.3
44.6
40.8

726
665
87.2
72.0

736
680
601
130.4

739
686
613
220.1

744
693
626
507

752
704
644
559

765
723
672
610

778
739
694
641

824
795
764
731

300
325
350
375

400
425
450
475

0.0322
0.0310
0.0300
0.0290

0.161
0.155
0.150
0.145

0.322
0.311
0.300
0.290

1.620
1.561
1.506
1.454

3.26
3.14
3.03
2.92

6.61
6.35
6.12
5.90

13.62
13.03
12.50
12.01

21.10
20.08
19.18
18.38

29.1
27.6
26.2
25.0

37.9
35.5
33.6
32.0

63.9
58.4
54.2
50.9

100.6
87.3
78.8
72.6

122.4
102.2
90.7
82.7

166.5
126.9
109.1
98.0

358.4
188.6
148.5
128.3

524.2
394.9
270.8
209.9

577.7
498.2
402.2
315.0

694.5
655.7
614.8
572.3

400
425
450
475

500
550
600
650

0.0280
0.0263
0.0248
0.0235

0.140
0.132
0.124
0.117

0.280
0.263
0.248
0.235

1.407
1.320
1.244
1.176

2.82
2.65
2.49
2.36

5.69
5.33
5.01
4.73

11.57
10.79
10.12
9.53

17.65
16.39
15.33
14.41

24.0
22.1
20.6
19.4

30.5
28.1
26.1
24.4

48.1
43.6
40.1
37.3

67.7
60.4
55.0
50.8

76.7
67.9
61.5
56.6

89.9
78.6
70.7
64.8

115.2
98.3
87.4
79.4

177.9
143.2
123.5
110.3

256.9
195.4
163.6
143.6

529.0
445.2
374.3
321.0

500
550
600
650

700
750
800

0.0223
0.0212
0.0202

0.111
0.106
0.101

0.223
0.212
0.202

1.115
1.060
1.011

2.23
2.12
2.02

4.48
4.26
4.05

9.01
8.55
8.14

13.60
12.89
12.25

18.2
17.3
16.4

22.9
21.7
20.6

35.0
32.9
31.2

47.3
44.4
41.9

52.6
49.3
46.5

60.1
56.2
52.9

73.2
68.2
64.0

100.6
93.0
86.8

129.4
118.7
110.2

282.0
252.9
230.5

700
750
800

Water
Steam

100
311.1
688
55.5

15,000

1000

Specific Internal Energy of Water and Steam

Pressure (kPa)

Sat. temp. (C)

Sat. specific
internal energy
(kJ/kg)
Temp ( C)
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
275
300
325
350
375
400
425
450
475
500
550
600
650
700
750
800

10

50

100

500

1,000

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

22,105

0.1
45.9

81.4

1
99.7

151.9

10
179.9

212.5

250.4

275.7

295.1

100
311.1

342.3

365.9

374.1

Water
Steam

192.0
2438.0

340.6
2483.9

417.5
2506.1

639.8
2561.3

761.9
2583.7

906.6
2600.4

1082.5
2602.4

1205.6
2589.8

1305.7
2569.9

1393.2
2544.6

1585.8
2455.7

1786.6
2294.9

2045.3
2045.3

2375
2410
2446
2481
2516
2552
2588
2625
2662
2699
2736
2774
2812
2851
2890
2929
2969
3009
3050
3091
3132
3217
3303
3390
3480
3571
3664

0.0
104.9
2444
2480
2516
2552
2588
2624
2661
2698
2736
2774
2812
2851
2890
2929
2969
3009
3050
3091
3132
3217
3302
3390
3480
3571
3664

0.0
104.9
209.3
313.9
2512
2549
2586
2623
2660
2697
2735
2773
2811
2850
2889
2929
2968
3009
3049
3090
3132
3216
3302
3390
3479
3571
3664

0.0
104.9
209.3
313.9
2507
2545
2583
2620
2658
2696
2734
2772
2810
2849
2888
2928
2968
3008
3049
3090
3132
3216
3302
3390
3479
3571
3664

0.0
104.8
209.2
313.8
418.8
524.6
631.7
2601
2643
2684
2724
2763
2803
2843
2883
2923
2963
3004
3045
3087
3128
3213
3300
3388
3478
3569
3662

0.0
104.8
209.1
313.7
418.7
524.4
631.4
740.1
2622
2667
2710
2752
2793
2834
2875
2916
2957
2999
3040
3082
3124
3210
3297
3385
3475
3567
3660

0.0
104.7
209.0
313.4
418.4
524.1
630.9
739.5
850.3
2628
2680
2727
2773
2817
2860
2903
2945
2988
3030
3073
3116
3203
3291
3380
3471
3563
3657

0.0
104.6
208.7
313.0
417.8
523.3
630.0
738.3
848.8
962.3
1080.3
2668
2725
2778
2827
2874
2920
2965
3010
3055
3100
3189
3279
3370
3462
3555
3650

Specific Internal Energy (kJ/kg)

0.0
0.1
0.1
0.2
104.4
104.3
104.1
103.7
208.4
208.1
207.8
207.1
312.6
312.2
311.7
310.7
417.2
416.7
416.1
414.7
522.6
521.9
521.2
519.4
629.1
628.2
627.3
625.1
737.2
736.0
734.9
732.1
847.4
845.9
844.5
841.0
960.5
958.6
956.8
952.4
1077.8 1075.4 1073.0 1067.3
1202.1 1198.7 1195.4 1187.5
2667
2591
1328.3 1316.6
2732
2678
2610
1462.3
2790
2748
2699
2520
2843
2808
2770
2651
2893
2864
2832
2741
2941
2916
2889
2814
2989
2967
2943
2879
3036
3016
2995
2940
3082
3064
3046
2997
3175
3160
3145
3105
3267
3254
3242
3209
3360
3349
3338
3310
3453
3444
3435
3411
3548
3540
3532
3511
3643
3636
3629
3611

0.2
103.4
206.4
309.7
413.4
517.7
622.9
729.4
837.7
948.2
1061.9
1180.2
1306.1
1444.9
1612.3
2449
2619
2724
2806
2878
2943
3062
3174
3281
3386
3490
3593

0.2
103.2
206.1
309.3
412.8
517.0
622.0
728.3
836.3
946.5
1059.7
1177.3
1302.0
1438.5
1599.0
2210
2552
2679
2772
2850
2919
3044
3159
3269
3376
3481
3585

25,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

Critical
pressure

100,000
1000

0.2
103.0
205.7
308.7
412.1
516.0
620.8
726.8
834.5
944.2
1056.7
1173.4
1296.6
1430.3
1583.6
1799
2430
2609
2721
2808
2884
3018
3138
3252
3361
3469
3574

0.3
102.6
205.0
307.7
410.8
514.4
618.7
724.3
831.3
940.3
1051.8
1167.1
1287.9
1417.5
1561.9
1738
2067
2455
2619
2731
2821
2970
3101
3221
3336
3447
3556

0.3
101.9
203.7
305.8
408.3
511.2
614.8
719.4
825.4
932.9
1042.6
1155.3
1272.3
1395.7
1528.7
1677
1855
2097
2365
2549
2678
2870
3023
3158
3284
3403
3518

0.2
101.2
202.4
304.0
405.9
508.1
611.0
714.8
819.7
926.1
1034.2
1144.7
1258.7
1377.5
1503.2
1639
1788
1960
2160
2361
2525
2764
2942
3094
3231
3358
3480

-0.7
97.8
196.5
295.7
395.1
494.6
594.3
694.5
795.4
897.1
999.6
1103.0
1207.5
1313.6
1421.8
1532
1646
1762
1881
2002
2124
2366
2593
2796
2978
3142
3292

Temp ( C)
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
275
300
325
350
375
400
425
450
475
500
550
600
650
700
750
800

4.5

5.5

6.5

7.5

8.5

4200

4200

4000

4000

Specific Enthalpy (kJ/kg) .

Enthalpy - Entropy diagram for Steam

3800

3800

3600

3600

3400

3400

3200

3200

3000

3000

2800

2800

2600

2600

2400

2400

2200

2200

2000

2000

1800

1800
4

4.5

5.5

6.5

Specific Entropy (kJ/kg.K)

10

7.5

8.5

Properties of R-12, CCl2F2

Specific volume
(m3/kg)
Liquid Vapour

Saturated
Specific enthalpy
(kJ/kg)
Liquid Vapour

Pressure
(MPa)

vf

vg

hf

hg

sf

sg

-40
-35
-30
-25
-20

0.0643
0.0808
0.1004
0.1237
0.1509

0.00066
0.00067
0.00067
0.00068
0.00069

0.2428
0.1963
0.1603
0.1320
0.1097

164.0
168.4
172.8
177.3
181.7

334.0
336.4
338.8
341.2
343.5

0.8583
0.8769
0.8951
0.9132
0.9309

1.5875
1.5824
1.5779
1.5738
1.5701

345.2
347.8
350.3
352.8
355.4

1.6334
1.6281
1.6233
1.6189
1.6151

356.7
359.4
362.1
364.8
367.5

1.6771
1.6715
1.6665
1.6619
1.6578

-15
-10
-5
0
5

0.1825
0.2189
0.2607
0.3083
0.3621

0.00069
0.00070
0.00071
0.00072
0.00072

0.0918
0.0773
0.0656
0.0559
0.0480

186.2
190.8
195.4
200.0
204.7

345.9
348.2
350.4
352.7
354.9

0.9485
0.9658
0.9830
1.0000
1.0168

1.5668
1.5639
1.5613
1.5590
1.5569

357.9
360.4
362.9
365.3
367.7

1.6117
1.6087
1.6060
1.6035
1.6014

370.1
372.8
375.4
378.1
380.6

1.6542
1.6510
1.6481
1.6456
1.6434

10
15
20
25
30

0.4228
0.4907
0.5665
0.6507
0.7438

0.00073
0.00074
0.00075
0.00076
0.00077

0.0413
0.0358
0.0311
0.0271
0.0238

209.4
214.2
219.0
223.9
228.9

357.1
359.2
361.2
363.2
365.2

1.0335
1.0501
1.0665
1.0829
1.0992

1.5550
1.5532
1.5516
1.5501
1.5487

370.1
372.5
374.8
377.1
379.3

1.5995
1.5978
1.5963
1.5950
1.5938

383.2
385.8
388.3
390.8
393.2

1.6414
1.6396
1.6381
1.6367
1.6356

35
40
45
50

0.8464
0.9591
1.0824
1.2171

0.00079
0.00080
0.00081
0.00082

0.0209
0.0184
0.0162
0.0143

233.9
239.0
244.2
249.5

367.0
368.8
370.5
372.1

1.1154
1.1315
1.1477
1.1638

1.5473
1.5459
1.5445
1.5431

381.5
383.6
385.6
387.6

1.5927
1.5917
1.5907
1.5898

395.6
397.9
400.3
402.5

1.6345
1.6336
1.6327
1.6320

11

Specific entropy
(kJ/kg.K)
Liquid Vapour

Superheated
by 20K
by 40K
(kJ/kg) (kJ/kg.K) (kJ/kg) (kJ/kg.K)

Saturation
temperature
(deg C)

Properties of Ammonia, NH3

Specific volume
(m3/kg)
Liquid Vapour

Saturated
Specific enthalpy
(kJ/kg)
Liquid Vapour

Superheated

Saturation
temperature
(deg C)

Pressure
(MPa)

vf

vg

hf

hg

sf

sg

-40
-35
-30
-25
-20

0.0717
0.0931
0.1194
0.1515
0.1901

0.00145
0.00146
0.00148
0.00149
0.00150

1.553
1.217
0.964
0.772
0.624

59.4
78.9
98.5
118.1
137.7

1448
1453
1458
1463
1467

0.438
0.521
0.602
0.682
0.760

6.394
6.292
6.194
6.100
6.010

1527
1533
1538
1544
1549

6.701
6.595
6.494
6.398
6.306

1597
1603
1609
1614
1620

6.930
6.821
6.717
6.618
6.523

-15
-10
-5
0
5

0.2362
0.2907
0.3548
0.4294
0.5158

0.00152
0.00153
0.00155
0.00157
0.00158

0.509
0.418
0.347
0.289
0.243

157.4
177.2
197.0
216.9
236.9

1471
1474
1477
1479
1481

0.837
0.912
0.986
1.060
1.132

5.923
5.840
5.759
5.681
5.605

1554
1558
1563
1567
1570

6.218
6.134
6.053
5.975
5.900

1625
1630
1635
1639
1644

6.433
6.347
6.265
6.185
6.109

10
15
20
25
30

0.6151
0.7285
0.8575
1.0032
1.1672

0.00160
0.00162
0.00164
0.00166
0.00168

0.205
0.175
0.149
0.128
0.110

257.0
277.1
297.3
317.7
338.2

1483
1483
1484
1483
1483

1.202
1.272
1.341
1.409
1.476

5.531
5.459
5.388
5.319
5.252

1574
1577
1579
1582
1584

5.828
5.758
5.691
5.625
5.561

1648
1652
1655
1659
1662

6.036
5.966
5.898
5.832
5.768

35
40
45
50

1.3508
1.5554
1.7827
2.0340

0.00170
0.00173
0.00175
0.00178

0.096
0.083
0.072
0.063

358.8
379.6
400.6
421.9

1481
1479
1476
1472

1.543
1.609
1.674
1.739

5.185
5.119
5.054
4.990

1585
1586
1587
1587

5.499
5.439
5.379
5.322

1664
1667
1669
1671

5.707
5.647
5.589
5.532

12

Specific entropy
(kJ/kg.K)
Liquid Vapour

by 20K
(kJ/kg) (kJ/kg.K)

by 40K
(kJ/kg) (kJ/kg.K)

Ammonia NH3
1000

100

Pressure (MPa)

10

0.1

0.01
0

200

400

600

800

1000
Enthalpy (kJ/kg)

13

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

Carbon Dioxide CO2

100

Pressure (MPa)

10

0.1
300

400

500

600

700

800
Enthalpy (kJ/kg)

14

900

1000

1100

1200

1300

Methane CH4
10

Pressure (MPa)

0.1

0.01
-1000

-800

-600

-400

-200

Enthalpy (kJ/kg)

15

200

400

600

800

R-410A (50/50 CH2F2 / CHF2CF3 by mass)

10

Pressure (MPa)

0.1

0.01
0

100

200

300
Enthalpy (kJ/kg)

16

400

500

600