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THE GLOBE

September - OctoBer 2013


Student Writings from IEI

WRITING ONE
My City By Jaber (Saudi Arabia) The name of my city is Jubail. Jubail is in eastern Saudi Arabia near Bahrain. It is an industrial city. I live in Jubail. Jubail took third place in environmental cleanliness. There are malls, beaches, trees, factories, clubs, hotels, banks, hospitals, parks and restaurants. The malls and beaches are popular. There are many green trees that flower. The factories are large, close, and numerous. Three clubs are only for men and a new club is only for women. The hotels are big and international. The banks are always full of people. The hospitals are big buildings and have good doctors. There are six hospitals in Jubail. Parks in Jubail are beautiful with barbeque pits inside. There are five parks in Jubail. Restaurants in Jubail have a lot of good food. There are all kinds of foods: Arabic, Indian, Chinese, and others. People are friendly and busy because they work. People in Jubail are happy every day because it is a beautiful city. People in my city visit with one another and are nice. In conclusion, I love Jubail because my family lives there. It is a beautiful, small city. It is very convenient to live there. My Best Friend By Zainab (Saudi Arabia) I have three best friends. Their names are Narjs, Bashir, and Aqilah. The first time I saw them in school, we were in the same class in Saudi Arabia. I usually talk with them. They are 20 years old. They study in college. We live in the same country. Aqilah and Narjs are married. Aqilah is shy. Bashir is smart. Narjs is funny. Narjs likes makeup. Bashir likes to shop. Aqilah likes to cook. I love my friends because they are good girls. I miss my friends. Eid-Al-Adha By Beth, as told by Jaber Today is Eid-Al-Adha. What is Eid? The Quran explains: Ibrahim was a prophet. He had a son, named Ismail. Allah told Ibrahim to kill his son. Ibrahim said, ok and when he almost killed him, Allah said, Stop. Allah gave him a sheep. This is Eid. What do you do on Eid? In the morning, when the sun rises, everyone goes to the mosque and prays. Then the men kill the sheep, and give the meat to the women. The women cut the sheep into small pieces and put it into bags. They give the bags to the men, and the men share it with the neighbors. Then, everyone has breakfast together with their families and close neighbors. There are special events on Eid. People wear new clothes, children set off fireworks, and families visit the elderly. Children give candy and adults give them money. Men and women dance separately. People write and read new poems. Sometimes there are barbecues after sundown, and people visit and drink coffee in the cool weather. They eat cake, dates, and sweets. There are different cultures in the north, south, east, and west, but everyone is happy with their family. They keep all of their doors open in their houses so people will come inside and say, Eid Mubarak.

WRITING TWO
My Favorite Possession By Faisal (Saudi Arabia) My favorite possessions are my phone and my car. I like my phone because my family and friends can call me. My sister gave me my phone. I like my car because I can go to work and school. My father gave me my car. My Weekend Plans By Fatimah (Saudi Arabia) I have many plans for the weekend. After school I am going to visit my friend. On Saturday I am going to shop. On Sunday I am going to watch TV with my family. These are my weekend plans I am going to have so much fun!! My Weekend Plans By Mohammed Alrashidi (Saudi Arabia) I have many plans for my weekend. After school I am going to play football with my friend. On Saturday I am going to go with my teacher to see his mother. After that I want to go see a new movie in the theater. Every weekend I have different plans. I like my weekends so much. These are my weekend plans. My Weekend Plans By Nouf (Saudi Arabia) I have many plans for the weekend. After school I am going to go to my house. On Saturday I am going to visit with my friend. On Sunday I am going to go shopping. These are my weekend plans. I am going to have so much fun. My Life Goals By Salman (Saudi Arabia) I have many goals in my life. My first goal is to learn English. I want to learn English well because I want to go to university. I also want to go to university. I want to graduate from TSU with a science degree. Some other goals in my life are to get a job, buy a home, get married, and have a big family. I want to get a job in Saudi Arabia. I want to buy a very big home. These are the goals in my life. My Favorite Possession By Kener (Guatemala) My favorite possession is my watch. It is important because my dad gave it to me. It is very useful because I use it to tell the time. It is also something that goes with my personality. It is very valuable to me. It is silver and the face is blue. My Life Goals By Ahmed A.(Saudi Arabia) I have many goals in my life. My first goal is to go to college. I want to go to MTSU because I want to study computers. Another goal in my life is to learn English. I want to learn English to get a better life. I also want to travel to Italy. I want to travel to Italy because it is beautiful. Some other goals in my life are to get a job, fall in love, and have three children, all boys. I want to fall in love with someone that is smart funny, and nice. I want to get a job with Aramco in Saudi Arabia. These are the goals in my life.

WRITING THREE
My Son By Mohmood (Saudi Arabia) I have a beautiful and handsome son named Saeed who is 3 years old. Now, he is in Saudi Arabia, and he lives with his grandmother. Saeed has brown, curly hair. His eyes are brown, and his skin color is white. He has a small nose and pink lips. Also, he is 70 cm tall and weighs 33 pounds. Saeed is a helpful boy. Sometimes he helps to do house chores. For example, he picks up the dirty napkins and throws them in the trash. Also, Saeed is a friendly and social boy because he loves to play 2 with children. When Saeed goes to the park, he tries to make a friend and lets children play with his own toys. Saeed is very smart. When he was two and a half years old, he could name 10 kinds of animals and count from one to ten. Saeed is a cute boy. I am so proud Saeed is my son.

My Room By Azeez (Saudi Arabia)

My room is a large, amazing room. The bed is on the left side of the room. The walls of my room are like the blue color of the sea. On the front side of the room, there is a big TV sitting on a table with one shelf. I put my plan station inside it. On the right of the TV, there is a long rectangular table with a lamp above. There is a small sofa in front of the TV. Also, there is a small circle clock above my TV. I have a wonderful room. I think I really miss my room. My Sister By Bashaer (Saudi Arabia) I have a beautiful sister. Her name is Nora. She is 31 years old. She has small, dark brown eyes. She is short. Her hair is curly, and the color is black. Her skill color is tan. She is single. Also, she is different, friendly, and kind. She has a lot of fun. She likes to dance, listen to music, and sing. First, I like my sister because she is a nanny and is interesting. She helped my to study. Also, she taught me to think before I speak. She likes to help people because they need help. She works for a medical charity. Second, she is warmhearted. She takes care of our parents because my parents are very old. For example, she brings their medicine every day. Also, she likes to travel. She is going to travel to Dubai in December. Finally, I like my sister. I hope to live a happy life like her. God willing.

body, and a big stomach. When we walk out, he draws attention. He has a goatee, but I dont like it on his face because it doesnt gave him a beautiful appearance. Every week he visits his parents and relatives. He is lovely to people. Even though he is 33, he has a young spirit. He always stays busy because he helps people with many things. He gives to everyone around him. I think that he is the best friend in the world. My Teacher By Shareen (Saudi Arabia) I have a beautiful and wonderful teacher. She is a beautiful dresser, and she always looks nice with stylish clothes. She is gorgeous because she has amazing, big, green eyes. She has beautiful lips. Her teeth are white and a good size. She has a nice smile. She has long blonde hair. She is slim and she has white skin. Her nose is small and beautiful. She has nice cheeks, especially when she is smiling. She is very helpful with everyone. Her eyebrows are thick. She is very sweet and lovely. Her name is Rachel. My Father By Raed (Saudi Arabia) I have a great and special father named Nayil who is 71 years old. He has average length, mostly white hair. His brown eyes shine when he looks at me, and he smiles a lot. His face is a little wrinkled. Also, he has a small nose. My father is also very kind and helpful with people. He is a doctor. Sometimes he sees patients in his free time without taking money. He visits his mother and father every vacation. He gives to everyone around him. He has a big heart even if he is angry. Many people have told him he is very lovely. He talks with everyone in a comfortable way and enjoys listening to stories about their lives. In short, I think that he is the best father in the world. A Special Person By Suhhyun (South Korea) I have a wonderful and nice friend named Amy who is 26 years old. I have known her since I was 9 years old. She has short, black hair and she has big, black eyes. Her skin color is white. She is a brave and beautiful girl. Many guys have told her that. Also, she is very nice. Every vacation, we travel somewhere. For example, to the sea, islands, or another country. When I meet her, I feel at home. We talk about many things like my future, my job, and our friends and family. My parents like her because she is a kind and helpful girl. Maybe she will visit the United States during this winter vacation or next summer vacation. I look forward to seeing her.

My Holiday By Jessica (Brazil) I will never forget when I broke my surfboard on an unknown beach. I was in the ocean, and suddenly a huge wave came. I was under the water for seven minutes. I tried to go to the surface, but the wave was too strong. My friends were terrified because the wave was so big, and they could not see me. I swallowed a few gallons of salt water, and my new board was broken into three pieces. After this, I started to cry because my holiday was over. A Special Person By Khalid (Saudi Arabia) I have a good friend. He is 33 years old. His name is Ahmed. He has black, curly hair and small, brown eyes. He is friendly. He is kind, neat, helpful, honest, and a little smart. I can say he is the best friend in the world. He is short, but he has a strong 3

WRITING FOUR
Success By Abdullah (Saudi Arabia) Where can you find success? You can find the success from your life. What does success mean? Success is a feeling coming to you after completing your work in a good way. For me, I find success if I fix my mistakes, form my parents, and accomplishing my goals in life. When I want to feel success, I must fix my mistakes. I have many mistakes in my life. I fixed some mistakes in my life, and I felt successful. If I have some mistakes, I will fix them. For example, I had a big mistake when I studied in college. I didn't come to college everyday. and I got a bad grade. After that, I fixed my mistake, and I came to college every day. Then I took a good grade, and I felt success. Second of all, your parents can give you the feeling of success. If your parents support you to do something good in your life, and after that you do it, this support makes you feel successful. For example, my parents gave me success to get a good grade all of my school life. Each grade level my parents made me party for me and my brothers . This party made me feel successful. Next, do you feel success if you accomplish your goals? For me the answer is yes, and I anticipate all people's lives have goals. If they achieve this goal, all of them will feel successful. Everyone has a goal in their future. For example, people want a good job. I want to finish my school and college, and a lot of other goals in this life. I will get my goal, and, I will surely be successful. In conclusion, success is a good feeling in this life. I hope all of you feel it. However, your must fix your mistakes and accomplish your goals. In this life, have people make you feel successful. Success By Hatem (Saudi Arabia) "Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out," said Robert Collier. I believe everyone has the energy for success. However, most people do not know the way to reach for success. So, they only need someone who can teach them the way. Types of success are success in education, professional success, and social success. First, your success in education is a success in life in general. Because, your success in education is followed by professional and social success. The basics of success in education is ambition, 4 confidence in your ability to succeed and discover your talents and take advantage of them. Many ingredients for success, however, finally depend on your efforts. So, success is manufactured by that. Second, success in your job is not dependent on brainpower! It depends on many things, including proving yourself to your bosses, your ability to take responsibility, patience, and moral character. Moreover, the ingredients for success at a job are: first, take advantage of mistakes second, recognize your errors, third, find each new discovery with respect to your job, fourth, meet the challenges and don't escape from problems. Remember, success starts from the psychological state of the individual, so you have to believe that you will succeed. Always be positive to succeed. Finally, in order to be successful in your social life you have to understand and accept some things by coexist with them. First, there are no two persons on the earth who agree on everything, even siblings or twins. Second, treat others as you want to be treated. Finally, if you want others to take care of you, you should care of them too. If you understand that, you will be successful socially. In conclusion, your success in life is happiness. So, be successful and identify your goals. Trust your abilities and feed the giant fire inside you. How to Be Successful By Bob (Taiwan) Have you had success in your life? I think people want to be successful. Who doesnt want to get a better life or increase their ability. I believe there are three situations for success that include education, contests , and work. You will achieve academic success if you graduate from a good university. You can set a goal for the school you want to study at. It will give you more force. Then you have to study hard and be an active student. You probably can achieve the goal. For example , when I interview for a job, the chief will look at my resume, and know I graduated from a public college. Then I will get the job. When you take part in a contest and try to win, you will have success. This process may increase your confidence. In this situation, you will do your best and trust yourself. Because if you trust yourself, it can give you confidence. The most important thing is do more practice, and maybe you will be the champion. For instance, I took part in a basketball contest when I was in junior high. In that contest, I got more confidence, and I learned what team work is.

You can also experience success at work. You can find fulfillment in solving the problems, and getting achievement at work. If you want to be successful, you must work hard and work for a common goal with your colleague. Also, you need to have good relationships. Success can be achieved through education, competition, and work. Most people have no patience and dont work hard to achieve their goals. If you are a person who works step by step to complete your goal, I think you will be successful. Passions By Drica (Brazil) What is your passion? Everyone has a passion for something or someone. Passion is a physical attraction, an emotion, or a feeling that can generate impulsive symptoms and sensations. Passion can make a person partially lose their individuality, their identity, and their reasoning power. There are many kinds of passion. For instance, you can have passion for your relatives, for some collection, or animals. Many people have passion for their relatives. For example, for your parents, children, husband or wife. People who have this kind of passion are able to do anything to make their passion happy or help them. They may do something that they did not even think about before or they could not imagine being able to do. Other people have passion for collections. For instance, old cars, miniatures, shoes, games, etc. People who are really passionate can pay a lot of money and do many things to get pieces for their collection. Sometimes they spend more money than they have, so it can become a big financial problem. People can also have passion for animals. These animals may be their pets, like dogs, cats or wildlife. People with passion for animals do many things to save and protect them. Sometimes those people spend a lot of money and a lot of time to do this. Passion is a feeling as strong as love and sometimes it is dangerous because this feeling may dominate the person. People can have passion for many things including people, things, and animals. Every kind of passion can be dangerous when a person loses control of the situation. Contrast Between Single Life and Married Life By Rabyah (Saudi Arabia) Do you prefer life with more freedom or life with more responsibility? The lifestyle of single life and married life are different. Most people think when they are single they are happier. However, research shows that married people are more likely than those who are not married to be very happy. Forty-three percent of people who say they are very happy are married. On the other hand, twenty four percent of 5

single people say they are very happy. Whether it is being single or being married, there are many differences between life as a single person and life as a part of a married couple. Some of these differences are goals, responsibility, and stability. A single life has many properties. First, the person who is single has many goals. For example, many single people think about finishing the school and going to university. After that, they look for a good job. Second, single life has less responsibility. For instance, the single person has more freedom. They just think about themselves. They only have to take care of themselves. Finally, single life does not have more stability because they always think about the future. Moreover, he or she does not have financial stability because he or she has to do everything by themselves, and no anyone can help them. For example, they have to pay the bills and the rent every month. In contrast, the life of married person is very different than single life. First, the married person has many goals in his life. Many of them think about a good income. Also, they think about the children. In addition, most of them think about being a successful mother or father. Second, married life has more responsibility. For example, they have to take care of themselves and their spouse. If they have children, they will have more responsibility. They should teach them in a correct way. Finally, a married person feels more stability because he or she can achieve what they wanted when they were single. In addition, now they have more financial stability. The spouses in married life should join accounts. For example, in the United States, they should share everything in their life. In conclusion, every period in our life has pros and cons. A single life and a married life are completely different in many aspects, such as goals, responsibility, and stability. If you are married or single, think about yourself and what your opinion about that is? The Beauty of the Man and of His Reality By Sergio (Argentina) The beauty is more quotidian than what you believe. The human being is a social being and invests his life weaving social links with peers in different groups such as family, friends, teams, marriage, courtship, religions and much more. The Man in several occasions comes to his/her beauty to have social bonds. The inconvenience is present when the Man obtains the concept of beauty erroneously from the outside: from other people and/or organizations. This definition is within the Man and is simpler than it looks. The beauty from this approach is defined by three realities: the truth, the spontaneous, and the simple. First, the beauty is the truth. Truth is the genuine, the authentic, the singular, the characteristic of the being. The true Man expresses his desires and

thoughts in the reality, configuring it according to what is his/her essence and to his/her nature. In this way, the Man and his/her reality are beautiful because they manifest according to their truth. Second, the beauty is the spontaneous. The spontaneity of Man is manifested in a millisecond out from the depths of his unconscious and soul reflecting their deepest desires. In this scenario, humanity is naked and does not have time to wear their most beautiful shield. Third, the beauty is the simple. The simplicity is the perfection. This is manifested when a human being acts in pursuit of their ends without putting his/her stones in the way because he/she is understood. The Man knows what he wants and uses direct paths to get there. The simplicity is stripped of ambiguous messages of the Man, without indirect and difficult interpretations. On the contrary, there is a clear and direct message in finding that purpose. This essay concludes that you should take the concept of beauty from your nature and form therewith your community. Your nature is true, spontaneous, and simple. Follow your ultimate purpose, the love of being beautiful, which has characterized you since your birth. Education By Zaid (Saudi Arabia) Where can I find education? Education is learning new things. Everyone finds education in different places. For example, I find education from school, my mistakes, and my parents. The first place I can get an education is school. The school has great things, and you can learn many things. The teachers are very good too. They helped me a lot, and I really appreciate that. For example, I learned Mathematics, History, how I can read fast, and about my god from school. The second thing I can get education from is my mistakes. If I make a mistake and any person fixes my mistake, I will not do it again. For example, if any teacher gave me a test, and I make mistakes on my test and the teacher fixes my mistakes, I will not do that on another test again. The third thing I can get an education from is my parents. My parents taught me how I can pray to God, and my parents taught me to respect people and rely on myself and trust myself. For example, one year ago, I was traveling with my father because my father has some jobs, and I helped him. After we finished the jobs, my father told me to go back to Najran, my city, alone, I was afraid, but I did it alone. So, this case taught me to rely on myself and many things I got from my parents. In conclusion, how can I find the education? I can find the education from my school, my mistakes, and my parents. I learned from all of these Beauty By Yazeed (Saudi Arabia) 6

Where do you think people find beauty? There are many different types of beauty. In fact, beauty comes from our feeling. Also, what we like in our life. So, beauty is the most important thing in our life including the beauty of nature, beauty of technology, and beauty of space. First of all, beauty of nature describes a person who sees beauty in nature of the world. For example, people see beauty in mountains, rivers, and flowers. In my opinion, I think it's nice to see the beauty of this world. I like to watch rivers because it is relaxing. Secondly, the beauty of technology is made by humans. For example, there are many people in the world looking for new releases like smart TVs, smart phones, and many different kinds of technology. That technology is helpful in our world . For instance, if we aren't together we can make contact with others. I talk with my parents everyday in some programs like skype, tango, and others . So, in this way I feel that my parents are with me every day. In my opinion, this technology makes contact with others in this world. Lastly, there is the beauty of space. That means people found beauty outside of the earth. For instance, some people discovered that beauty like stars, galaxies, and moon although it is difficult to reach or live in. In my opinion, I like to look to outer space and think about it. In conclusion, I would say there are many types of beauty including natural and man made beauty. Also, the space of the world. So, there is a lot of beauty that we don't think about. What do you think is beautiful??? Success By Wael (Saudi Arabia) Have you ever had success in your life? Guess what? I did. Each one of us has different kinds of success. Success means someone who does very well in his or her job. Also, it has other meanings which is something that has the result or effect that you intended. You should be successful in your life, school, and in your job. First of all, in my opinion, to be successful in life is not easy. Also, it is not gift. I believe if you want to be successful in your life, you must work hard to get your dream to get your goal. To find triumph in life, people should work hard to gain it. Nobody should take success lightly or cheat his or her way to get success. For example, Albert Einstein was nothing. He was stupid and kicked out of the school. But he worked hard to be successful in has life. After that, he became one of the most successful people in the world. He changed all the science in the word. In addition, success in the school is necessary for a good life. There is not a big difference between rich students or poor students in the school. The teacher helps the student to understand that. Just

work hard in the school. If you want to be successful in the school, there are three important factors. The first one is you must respect the people who teach you in the school. Secondly, you must do your homework everyday. Third, you must try what you learn from the school. Finally, a person can be successful in his or her job. They work hard to get their job. Also, you have to love your job and you have to go to your job

early. For example, my teacher. Her name is Rachel. I think she is a successful person in her job. In addition, she has a lot of ways to explain what she wants the students to understand. In conclusion, if you want to be successful in your life, school, and job, my advice to you is work hard for your future to be a successful person. Let your family brag about you. How about you? Are you having a successful life?

WRITING FIVE
Whats The Effects Of Reading?
By Fahad (Saudi Arabia) Is reading helpful in students life? Yes, it is helpful. Because when students read as many as they will get a lot of benefits which helps to improve their skills. Development, correction of information, knowledge and why they are reading. Do you think people who are reading a lot of they can develop their information what they had. In my opinion, yes, they will develop them. Students who study at the university may be heard some information that it is wrong. However, when they are reading about it they are developing their information to the right way. For example, people who are studying English should read a lot because so many different between u s and their countries, Such as, Arabic reader different. When students in us reading a lot they will develop their information. Also, if they have some ideas which are correct They may be add more than what they had. Such as, Students in university. Maybe they read about their majors before they went to it. After they studied they learned some things new before they read. Furthermore, students may read some information, which are completely wrong. What should they do? In my opinion, looking for their topic in the website then get one site and keep reading about it. Maybe it is seam idea but it is completely correct. In addition, correction information is helpful for order their ideas whats the correct and whats the wrong. Also when they are reading about basic information they will find many different ideas. They should reading carefully and make sure it is seam idea that they have. In my opinion, correction it is hared to do but it is helpful to their information be correct and they can use them. Third of all, students who are smart they like new knowledge. Reading has 100% of knowledge. Why students do not read? Students who in university they must read to improve their skills. However, reading will helps them to get high grades in their course. Moreover, international students should reading a lot because they will go to US University. Reading is helps them to get a lot of knowledge about their majors. Also they will learn about u s culture when they read. Finally, people read books to get many items such as, experiences, knowledge development and smart bring. In addition, international students read for their study job, knowledge and get experiences. In conclusion, knowledge, correction information, development are important in students life. All students should read because it is helpful.

Women Driving in Saudi Arabia


By Majed A. (Saudi Arabia) Most people outside of Saudi Arabia dont know Manal Al-Sharif who dared to drive in Saudi Arabia. She got behind the wheel, and then she met the Committee for the Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice, but she was arrested by Saudi police and sent to women's jail for five days. Some Saudi people feel that women shouldnt drive based on their culture, religion, and community ineligibility, even though many think it helps women in emergency situations. 7

Opponents of women driving built their vision on our culture and religion. They said women must stay at home; if they want be go outside, they must take a man who should have a strong relationship with her, such as a father, brother, husband and son. Also, we have critical customs especially related with women who are living in Saudi Arabia. For instance, our community distributes a bad reputation for any woman who goes outside alone. Furthermore, Saudi men dont accept the idea that sitting next to a woman driving, because he thinks that broke his pride. Nevertheless, most of the Saudi community is between 18 to 28 years old; for that these people claim that members of the community are not prepared to accept this idea because they are ineligible because they are still young, and we can't protect our women when anything happened to them on roads. Others who support the women driving have many reasons to support these women to be an active part in a Saudi community. In fact, there isnt text of the Quran requires that women sit at home. Related to that, our customs which reject women driving based on our religion is not true. Because in 1955 all women can be ride camels if they are traveling. Otherwise, it isnt true that our community is ineligible; because we can take our neighbors such as Bahrain, United state of Emirate, Qatar, and Kuwait like a case study. They have a same religion and customs, but they have strong system which doesn't accept any violation and all people are equal. Also, they have women police stations to help any woman in roads any time. We have a similar infrastructure, but we need implementation. In addition, every year we lose more than 5 billion from our income, why? Because we paid that for women drivers who are foreign. That means we lose our budget and increase the number of unemployment. Finally, some Saudi people dont accept women driving based on several reasons; the others have many reasons to improve this idea. I remember an idiom I read it before: "Slow and steady wins the race," that is what our generation should be support our sister to be free.

Classes in High School


By Haoxuan (China) Many Chinese high school's students have a lot of classes to study mathematics and the sciences which they don't like to study. Students want to take some art classes after they study more than three math classes each day. Somebody said that students need to study classes of sciences because they need to study at university. However, it isn't more important for students to study mathematics and the sciences than to study arts and the humanities. Some people might say it is waist time if students take arts and the humanities classes when they are in high school. But, studying arts and the humanities is good for students when they have many classes of mathematics and sciences. For example, after students study history of world, they will have their own opinion of the world. Most of them will know wars are very bad for humans life. They might try to do something which is good for stop the war even though they are students in high school. Some people may say to study mathematics and the sciences is good for their grade to into university. However, if they take some art classes between their math classes, it will good for their body and they will learn more later. Such as music classes. Students take a music class after lunchtime, they will be relax and comfortable. They can change their studying state during the music class for study math later. Each class is equaled. There are not some classes are important and some students can drop it. Studying arts and he humanities is as necessary as mathematics and the science in high school.

The Demoralization of Teachers


By Saleh (Saudi Arabia) Forty- six percent of teachers in America leave teaching within the first five years (Kapkowski). One of the main reasons for this is the demoralization of teachers in which they lose their motivation to give to their students, supervisors, and communities. Teachers face many adversities that frustrate them. Policies, workloads, and lack of incentives are major problems that affect every aspect of their work. The first hurdle teachers must overcome are some disappointed policies. These policies take away the rights of teachers, encourage a lack of respect for the teachers and decrease their opportunities to invent. These are some examples of policies that may demoralize teachers: scripted lessons that divest teachers of using their talents in planning, mandated curriculum that allows no space for teachers to respond to students academic needs and interests, and testing practices that make teachers feel complicit in doing harm to their students (MEA). When teachers feel that the policies do not protect them, they get demoralized. Furthermore, every person has a limit to his/her energy. Once a teacher has reached his/her limit, he/she will lose his or her motivation. This is the effect of a large workload on teachers. Teachers must do too many duties; for instance they have to: plan, prepare and deliver instructional activities that facilitate active learning experiences, develop schemes of work and lesson plans, establish and communicate clear objectives for all learning activities, provide a variety of learning materials and resources for use in educational activities, keep 8

updated with developments in subject area, teaching resources and methods and so on (BJI). Teachers have more and more tasks that prevent them from doing their essential tasks. Last of all, teachers need both moral and financial incentives. Because society does not value education that much and some students do not respect their teachers, teachers are no longer proud of their profession. For instance, in a recent survey of medium-sized school districts, 25 percent of employees reported that they had been bullied (Twalker). In addition, compared to other careers, teaching seems to pay unfair wages. The National Association of Colleges and Employers performed a study in which the teaching profession was found to have an average national starting salary of $30,377. Also, NACE found that other college graduates who went into fields needing similar training and responsibilities start at higher pay. For example, computer programmers start at an average of $43,635, public accounting professionals at $44,668, and registered nurses at $45,570 (NEA). When teachers feel underpaid and bullied, they get frustrated. In conclusion the policy makers and executives in American education need to reevaluate policies, workloads, and incentives in order to motivate teachers and improve the education system.
Works Cited BJI (Best job interview), Teacher Job Description, 17 Oct, 2013<http://www.best-job-interview.com/teacher-job-description.html> Kopkowski, Cynthia, Why They Leave, April, 2008, 16 Oct, 2013 <http://www.nea.org/home/12630.htm> MEA (Main Education Association), How bad education policies demoralize teachers, 16 Oct, 2013 < http://www.maine.nea.org/home/1187.htm> NEA (National Education Association), Myths and Facts about Educator Pay, 15 Oct. 2013 < http://www.nea.org/home/12661.htm> Twalker Bullying of Teachers Pervasive in Many Schools Nea today, 16 May, 2012, 13 Oct 2013<http://neatoday.org/2012/05/16/bullying-ofteachers-pervasive-in-many-schools>

How Is The Public Transportation Helpful


By Hamad (Saudi Arabia) Can you imagine the life with out public transportation? One day, when I was in Dubai and my flight was after two hours. I got a taxi to go to the airport, but in this day we were stuck in the traffic. In this time, I changed my mind and went to the metro station, after that I was riding a metro, and then I arrived to airport on time because of no traffic in metro road. So we cannot imagine our live without public transportation. Also, we can use public transportation in different ways not just for traveling. In fact, when the world war happened, British citizens used metro tunnels as shelters .So that means its not just transportation. We can use it by different ways as British citizens did or we can create our way when something happens. Even if you dont use the public transportation you have to respect other people who use it. Opponents of public transportation said it wastes money, losses time, and breaks individual rights. On the other side, some people said it helps to increase economy, decrease traffic volume, and equalize people. I totally agree with people who said it helps to increase economy, decrease traffic, and equalize people. So I think government should be spent more money on public transportation. First of all, people who said it wastes money are just looking to public transportation from one side which is we have not gotten anything worth. They said that because they want government to spend money on services that serve them. They dont look to every thing, as when they look to things they need. However, they are not right because some spending money on public transport has the benefit of the economy, how come? When government spent money on it and take care of it. A lot of people are going to use it. That means there will be a return of the money spent on transport and supporting economy. I think when we use public transportation; maintenance of roads will be reduced. Because when you use public transport, at least the number of cars on the streets will reduce, which reduces damage to roads. For example, if all of us used public transportation, then we can save some money for government to spend it on other things like hospitals, schools, public parks, and charities because maintenance of roads will be reducing, and the income from using this transport will help economy to increase. People said that public transportation just losses time. They just say that because they dont like it. Some of these people are riches so they dont need to wait for the next bus. Also, believe that public transport is slow and will affect their business and the use of private cars faster than using public transportation. They dont think about poor people and how it is important for them. On the other hand, people see that public transportation helps to decrease traffic volume, which means, reducing pollution by reducing the number of cars on the streets and helps to reach to clear environment and you can arrive to your place faster than using your car. Because of that, you will save your time when you use public transportation. For example, when we use the public transport, the number of users of private cars will decrease in the streets. That leads to a decline in traffic on the road that decreased traffic volume. People who said it breaks individual rights dont respect other right. They just think about their right. So they said we want to do whatever we do, wherever we want, but they have to think about community. Not just individual. Conversely, people who agree with equalize people are think about community. They think the government should make tough rules for using the public transportation to keep the community as same treatment. That helps each 9

other to save our planet. For example, if the government has imposed high fines on the use of private transport, this will help to support the use of public transport. This makes the deal even among the people and helps the government interest in public transport to achieve the satisfaction of all citizens on the services provided to them. In conclusion, as I was saying, public transportation directly effects on our life from different ways. It helps us to get better life such as increase economy, decrease traffic volume, and equalize people. So I agree with that, because when the government spends more money on it and take care of it; they help us to lives good live, and they think about our aspiration. Nevertheless, some people will be disagreeing with me in my perspective. I respect those opinions, but they should think for what I said, because those will effect on our lives. They have to imagine our life without public transportation and what it is going to be.

There is no Operating System which is Best


By Fayez (Saudi Arabia) We live in an era of technology that is an innovative leap from earlier eras. This booming era is characterized by exceptional quality of technological development, computers which are indispensable this generation has become dominant on all the action, such as banks, hospitals, schools, government and businesses. Also, computers are needed by the developer who improves the environment, education, health, and saving a lot of time and suffering in all our daily lives. Today, the operating system is the most important software that is the lifeblood for a computer, and there are a lot of operating systems which are software packages which control how to work on the computer and connectivity between its components to facilitate communication between the user and the device such as Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X Lion and Linux. However, some people say that Microsoft Windows systems is the best operating system although opponents of Microsoft Windows systems say that Mac OS X Lion is the best operating system. In my opinion, there is no operating system which is the best because each operating system has positives and negatives. Windows operating systems have a flexible interface which any child can learn very easily in addition to an abundance of programs and dramatic applications, as well as the quality of the games that are unique. Also, Windows is a special system which is Windows Server 2003 and 2008, which is specially designed for businesses, and is considered the best at using video games. However, Mac OS X Lion systems have a high quality of security which is the more important than other features due to the abundance of viruses in the World Wide Web; therefore, Mac OS is the best so far in the protection of information because it uses superior protection, which makes it difficult for viruses to penetrate users' systems which have information that users take care about. Both operating systems have many advantages with which cannot be dispensed. For instance, Mac OS only was confined in their apparatus to make the system works with the highest possible quality. Also, Windows awarded to install its systems on a large number of devices, so it gives users a freedom for that. However, both operating systems have negatives which are left, such as mac isn't so easy to work with the first time, and Windows protection has been decreasing since viruses entered easily.

Invisible Benefits Taxes


By Abdullah (Saudi Arabia) Do you believe the taxes are useful? As we know. The tax means the percentage of money which government has been taking from us to improve many organizations. Such as, education, health system and transportation. Some people dont expect that taxes are going to improve any of these services, and they said that is not fair. Nevertheless, many said we could recognize the benefits that could improve our services; because of that they and I agree that the taxes are fair. Taxes opponents said we have reasons to reject the taxes. They said improved services are not our business and not from our money. The government has to spend money for these projects from its budget because there are many sources the government could take money from. Such as, oil, minerals and currency. Instead of our money. Finally, taxes are not fair, and they are going to reject to pay a tax as much as possible. The government must be eligible to grow our country without borrow money from people to do that. On the other hand, if there is honest tax system that we have here in U.S.A. They will see the services are improving. For instance, the education expenses. The taxes help students by reducing the tuition. There are many cases the government deals with by different ways such as the case below. According to American Recovery and Reinvestment Act " more parents and students qualify for a tax credit, the American opportunity credit, to pay for college expenses. "There is something you have to think about; who is going to use all these services. Definitely, the citizens are going to use them now and in a future also .We are supposed to share government efforts to make our lives easier. Taxes could progress any country that has a honest tax system, and who can recognize that will strongly 10

support the taxes, but the people who disagree with the taxes for sure couldnt realize that because no rational person Is going to say taxes are not fair and he or she can distinguish all these benefits. Finally, we should stand beside to the government with this issue to make the life better for new generations and us too.
Work Cited According to American Recovery and Reinvestment Act)) http://www.irs.gov/uac/Tax-Benefits-for-Education:-Information-Center (1)*

Compulsory Military and What the People Say About It


By Saif (Saudi Arabia) Do you know what conscription is? According to Merriam Webster, the definition of conscription is compulsory enrollment of persons especially for military service. Some countries force people to military service. For instance, Korea has compulsory military with no choice. On the other hand, some countries have compulsory military; however, they have a choice whether to enroll or not in the military. People are different in their opinions. Some people disagree with compulsory military because they say that compulsory military takes more time with no benefit. On the other hand, some people disagree with military with no choice, but they agree with military with a person's choice. First of all, people who disagree with the military have reasons for their opinions. For example, they say that military takes more time and the people want to do what they want. For example, they say: people have dreams in their lives and everyone has hopes after finishing high school. In addition, people want to get the best way for them like continuing their education, getting the best job and using their talent or skills to get money. So they do not have to lose their time for military. Opponents of conscription have another reason that they say: conscription alienates the people from their families, wives and friends for a long time, they will miss their lives and maybe they will lose their lives to serve in the military. Secondly, other people disagree with military with no choice in some countries like Korea, Egypt and others, but they agree with military with a person's choice. They disagree that countries make hard rules for their public and the people must join in military, but they agree with military that has been chosen by the person. People who agree have many reasons including experience and to learn how to be patient. The people who want to join in military between years to two years get experience when they finish their time in military. For instance, they will get experience how to use weapons at the hard time or to defend themselves. Another reason is that they will learn how to be patient in the life, like they will get a difficult treatment, both senior soldiers or difficult exercises, and if they are patient in these situations, they will be patient in their lives. In conclusion, people have their opinions and reasons. Opponents of conscription think that people want to live their lives and people who agree think about the future. For me, I agree with military that is with a person's choice because we do not know what will happen in the future. My opinion is that people should take the experience of the military.

Abortion: A Dilemma for the 21st Century


By Manuel (Peru) Today there are more than 30 million abortions a year, according to World Health Organization. Abortion has been one of the most controversial issues in the society during the last twenty years. Recently, there has been a process of legalization in the practice of abortion in countries with the same cultural environment as in many others. We know that there are different types of opinions of criminalization of abortion; also we are aware of the ethical aspects and that it is a dangerous practice for womens health. Today there is a strong debate in regards to abortion and many think that abortion is necessary. However, we can note that these three aspects that we will discuss are important to avoid it. Dont forget that this is a sensitive topic that goes beyond the rational aspect, as it can become an emotional issue. First, some people believe that it is a positive aspect of legislation that includes different opinions in society, the liberties of most citizens and the right of women to regulate her birth rate, which is considered to be higher than the embryo, which is not perceived as human. Also, the abortion is a social reality that cant be stopped. Therefore, it may be true that it is better to regulate abortion laws to avoid the negative consequences for clandestine abortions. For example, out of the 46 million abortions occurring worldwide each year, 20 million take place in countries where abortion is prohibited by law, stated Abortion Access project. In addition, as abortion is illegal in many countries, pregnant women have this kind of practice in nonclinical conditions and they run the risk of dying as a direct result of unsafe abortion. However, the opponents are convinced that the experience of other countries shows that legalization of abortion has a significant increase in the number of abortions. Some types of abortions are allowed when indicators and chronological periods are extended to reach a situation in which abortion becomes 11

a practice that only depends on a womans desire. For instance, today, many of all abortions in the U.S. take place before the end of the first trimester; also there are countries such as India and China with extremely permissive legislation where abortion has become a practice for birth control. In western countries the abortion rate is lower although facts on induced abortion in the U.S. according to official figures Guttmacher Institute, declare that there are around 1,300,000 abortions annually. For this reason, many people feel that governments should not continue creating permissive legislation instead they should criminalize induced abortion. For another thing, many people believe in the ethical principle that every woman has of individual liberty and freedom of privacy to choose. Also many countries allow abortion to regulate the birth control rate because governments want to reduce the amount of families that live in poverty. But, others think that abortion breaks any ethic and moral value because we cant take someones life away to recognize the right of life. For example, abortions are involved in the natural right of life of infants who are born or are capable of being born alive and therefore have equal protection under the law, according to this author, Joseph Fletcher who was an American professor and who analyzed this issue from a scientific and religious point of view, founded the theory of situational ethics in 1960 and was a pioneer in the field of bioethics. From an ethical point of view, he proposed the big question of whether abortion is intrinsically wrong, or when it is right. We can say that the fetal life is human only in a biological sense; also, it is important to consider the natural law of life. Many people are sure that one of the most significant ethical and moral principles is the right and respect for life. Finally, there is a reason why people say abortion is safe and that helps women to control and improve their lives. Also in countries where abortion practice is legal, most women can have clinical procedures performed and can be given medical care. For example, ProChoiceC.A.org reports that today in the United States the current death rate caused by abortion at all stages of gestations is 0.6 per 100,000 procedures. This is 11 times safer than carrying a pregnancy to full term and nearly twice as safe as a penicillin injection. Even though many think it is true that induced abortion hurts and harms a womans reproductive capacity, it clearly affects a womens body physically. Also it has been found in the last ten years that it has serious psychological and emotional damage. For instance, the American Psychological Association (APA) has researched about mental health and abortion in women and some studies indicate that many women do experience sadness and feelings of loss following an abortion; some have experienced clinical disorders, including depression and anxiety. Another example that shows how a woman is physically affected is when women are treated by persons lacking the necessary skills or are treated in an environment lacking the minimal medical standards or both which could cause severe damage to their reproductive organs and hemorrhage or even death. The majority of the population agrees that abortion practices can have serious physical and psychological consequences on womens health. Therefore, it is obvious that abortion is still a dilemma of difficult resolution. There are several points of view which make it a controversial topic because there are many different types of opinion about criminalization of abortion, such as the ethical aspect and a dangerous practice for a womans health. I believe it is very important to reflect on this issue and to take into account the circumstances and environment in which induced abortions can occur and to teach children and teenagers about sexuality when it is necessary to prevent unwanted pregnancies. References
Facts on Induced Abortion in the United States Guttmacher July 2013 http://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/fb_induced_abortion.html Joseph Fletcher Wikipedia 20 August 2013 < en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph Fletcher> Krysta Jones Mental health an abortion APA July 2008 <www.apa.org/about/gr/issues/women/mental-health> Melanie Zurek Abortion Access and Opportunity in Rural Communities: A survey of clinicians Provide 01 January 2010 < http://www.provideaccess.org > Mr. Valery Abramov, Office of Press and Public Relations Abortion in the developing world WHO 17 May 2009 < www.who.int/inf.html > The abortion access project Abortion Our bodies ourselves June 2003 http://www.ourbodiesourselves.org/book/companion>

Fast Foods Pros


By Changmin (South Korea) Have you ever eaten fast food? Probably, you have. Some people say fast food is not good for your health and it makes you too fat. But, other people say fast food is delicious and very cheap. Recently, a lot of people realize fast food is not good for our body. However obvious thing is they definitely have a good thing. We cant just deny it. First of all, fast food is cheap. Some people feel that even the fast food is not cheap, they think you can get cheap and good food in the market. For instance, many super markets sell cheap and good food they have many microwave meals and canned foods. On the other hand, when you go to the restaurant and eat some food, normally, that cost is over $10. Usually, people eat lunch or dinner in their houses. But, if you have reason for you have to eat the fast food that is very suitable. For instance, if you have $6, you can buy a set menu and that really satisfies your stomach. Fast food is really convenient. Many think that the restaurant is convenient. For certain, the restaurant has service. You just order, wait for the food and then eat, then you just pay for that, and you dont have to wash dishes. 12

However, that cost is expensive. In case of fast food, you can use a drive thru, order food, wait for a second and then pay for that. You will be able to eat and during that time, you can do anything you want. It really saves time. You can eat the food and go somewhere or do something at the same time. The fast food can be healthy food. It depends on each person. It contains a lot of bad things, so some parents boycott fast food restaurants. For example, hamburgers, French fries and Coke are fast foods trademark foods. So, many parents really worry about their children eating fast food. But, some of them dont have a choice. Even though many people eat the fast food, some people are healthy, and some people are not healthy because we can control this. Healthy people dont care about what food is good for body and which one is not good for our body. Instead of that, they exercise hard and they have good body balance. For example, some sport players dont care about anything they eat because, they always manage their body. In conclusion, still some people never eat fast food and some people eat fast food as ever. That means they will keep fast food as their food.

Family Love is the Same Around the World


By Fabricio (Brazil) Are there differences between families love in different culture around the world? This question is very interesting to analyze because each culture has their history and divergent point of view. If we come back in the worlds history from billion years ago in same parts of the world each population adapted their region. Furthermore, living and growing up in community or owner family, but they lived together to protect then. With humans evolution the families era separating or each part of family is building a new I life in other place to build new relationships and loves. In spite of that the family love, according their origin. Its not changing only, is alternating of intensity continuously as well as culture. First, we live in an age window where were looking the better place to improve our knowledge consequently the education to our children. Our parents are in the city what they feel assurance to live and to care their children. Moreover, when their children grow up right to get to university or college. Their children or young adults will separate again because this people looking better school to increase better live, so new partners or families will begin. The students are so far from old families but they dont stop relationship with your parents. I left my parents home I was fifteen years old, got married and now Im studying in US but never lost to contact by mail, phone, video conference, but this distance grew up my family love. On the other hand, we are opinion and feeling not against, but people from other culture have other point of view about family love. There are cultures that put a lot of intensity when they are together in contrast when they are so far, the family love go down pro rata. Accordingly, with same friends when are in front of the people it is possible we look the body language from another, so their family love could vary accurate by distance between. For these reasons, we could travel a lot of parts in the world and ask to many people about what they are feeling in family love when they are together or further. Youll find different points of view, but if prolongation of the meeting and the people continue explain their experience, both will have the same conclusion; the main importance hold the same value for all family around the world: the love.

The Negative Effects of Genetically Modified Organisms


By Afnan (Saudi Arabia) Do you agree that genetically modified food should be available in our grocery stores? Average Americans today eat about 193 pounds of genetically modified foods over 12 months (Garber). Although GMO's are being sold and consumed worldwide, the biological effects GMO's have on humans and the environment may be detrimental. Genetically modified organisms have been engineered with DNA from bacteria, viruses or others. Genetically modified organisms can create serious health problems, environmental problems, and economical problems. Genetically modified organisms may have a harmful effect on humans. Many studies have supported that it is harmful to health. According to (Natural News) Alarming large number of vitamins are formulated with ingredients derived from genetically modified corn According to www.csa.com Unknown effects on human health there is a growing concern that introducing foreign genes into food plants may have an unexpected and negative impact on human health. Moreover, Take a look at almost any children's vitamins and you'll find they're made with several GMO ingredients: aspartame, sucrose and often citric acid, too. Childrens vitamins are by far the most toxic because they're usually formulated with a much higher concentration of toxic ingredients such as artificial sweeteners, artificial colors and GMO-derived materials. 13

Genetically modified organisms may also negatively affect the environment. Many researchers have supported that it is harmful to the environment. However, many people Claim That more environment friendly as they require less herbicides and pesticides. According to (www.csa.com) reduced effectiveness of pesticides just as some populations of mosquitoes developed resistance to the now-banned pesticide DDT, many people are concerned that insects will become resistant to B.T. or other crops that have been genetically-modified to produce their own pesticides.corn caused high mortality rates in monarch butterfly caterpillars. Monarch caterpillars consume milkweed plants, not corn,but the fear is that if pollen from B.T. corn is blown by the wind onto milkweed plants in neighboring fields, the caterpillars could eat the pollen and perish. Although the Nature study was not conducted under natural field conditions, the results seemed to support this viewpoint. Unfortunately, B.T. toxins kill many species of insect larvae indiscriminately; it is not possible to design a B.T. toxin that would only kill cropdamaging pests and remain harmless to all other insects. This study is being reexamined by the USDA, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and other non-government research groups, and preliminary data from new studies suggests that the original study may have been flawed. This topic is the subject of acrimonious debate, and both sides of the argument are defending their data vigorously. Currently, there is no agreement about the results of these studies, and the potential risk of harm to non-target organisms will need to be evaluated further (Whitman). Genetically modified organisms have economic effects also. In contrast, a lot of farmers claim that " it's great in terms of yield, but we know that putting a transgene into a corn hybrid isn't always successful" (Millar). Many studies have shown that it is harmful to the economy. According to http://www.csa.com, bringing a GM food to market is a lengthy and costly process, and companies want to ensure a return on their investment. Many new plant genetic engineering technologies and GM plants have been patented, and patent infringement is a big concern of agribusiness. Patent enforcement may also be difficult, as the contention of the farmers that they involuntarily grew Monsanto-engineered strains when their crops were cross-pollinated shows. One way to combat possible patent infringement is to introduce a "suicide gene" into GM plants. These plants would be viable for only one growing season and would produce sterile seeds that do not germinate. Farmers would need to buy a fresh supply of seeds each year. However, this would be financially disastrous for farmers in third world countries who cannot afford to buy seed each year and traditionally set aside a portion of their harvest to plant in the next growing season. In an open letter to the public (Whitman). In conclusion, Genetically modified foods are not able to solve many of the world's hunger and malnutrition problems, and to help protect and preserve the environment and reducing reliance upon chemical pesticides and herbicides Also it is not good economically for poor people. Many people feel that genetic engineering is the inevitable wave of the future. However, we must proceed with caution to avoid causing unintended harm to human health and the environment as a result of our enthusiasm for this powerful technology.
Work Cited Deborah B. Whitman, (Genetically Modified Foods: Harmful or Helpful?) (Natural News) April 2000. Garber, (Americans Consume Nearly 200 Pounds of GMOs Each Year) October 19th, 2012. Mike Adams, (alert: Most common vitamins, including children's vitamins, found to contain GMOs Consumer) (Natural News) July 30, 2013. Nicole Millar, UW Madison News, (Value of modified corn is more in reducing losses than boosting yields) Feb. 14, 2013. S. D. Wells, Ninety percent of U.S. tobacco is GMO; hey smokers, you're smoking pesticide! Monday, June 10, 2013.

Genetically Modified Foods are Safe


By Cynthia (Guatemala) The American Association for the Advancement of Science states that consuming foods containing ingredients derived from GM crops is no riskier than consuming the same foods containing ingredients from crop plants modified by conventional plant improvement techniques. (The Scientific Debate) Although there are many criticisms against GM foods, there are multiple sources that can prove that GM foods are safe and major scientific and governmental organizations agree. The U.S. National Academy of Sciences found that no adverse health effects attributed to genetic engineering have been documented in the human population, and a report issued by the European Commission made the same claim. The World Health Organization has concluded that GM foods are not likely, nor have been shown, to present risks for human health, and specifically GM food dont have any allergic effects that is one of the most popular concerns of the effects of GM food, but there is no evidence that support this but there are some sources that can prove that GM food not only provides health benefits but also can consider other benefits such as feeding a growing population and the challenging growing conditions of a changing climate. People are worried about healthy risks that GM foods can provide one of the health concerns about genetically modified organisms is the risk of allergic reactions. More than 90% of food allergies occur in response to 14

specific proteins in milk, eggs, wheat, fish, tree nuts, peanuts, soybeans, and shellfish (The Ohio State Universitys). Food Allergy affects approximately 5% of children and 2% of adults in the U.S. and is a significant public health threat (Bakshi). Allergic reactions in humans occur when a normally harmless protein enters the body and stimulates an immune response. If the novel protein in a GM food comes from a source that is know to cause allergies in humans or a source that has never been consumed as human food, the concern that the protein could elicit an immune response in humans increases. The risk for allergic reaction stems from a protein from one of these foods incorporated into a food that does not cause a known allergic reaction. For example, if an individual who has a known allergy to peanuts unsuspectingly consumed a genetically modified organism that contained the allergenic protein from the peanut, conceivably the individual would experience an allergic reaction. This concern has been addressed with FDA measures put into place to prevent such a scenario, in the other hand no allergic reactions to GM food by consumers have been confirmed, in vitro evidence suggesting that some GM products could cause an allergic reaction has motivated biotechnology companies to discontinue their development (Bakshi). Besides, The FDA requires that each presenter of a genetically modified organism show scientific evidence that they have not incorporated an allergenic substance into their product. If the presenter cannot produce this evidence, the FDA requires a label on the product to alert the consumer of its possible allergic reaction (FDA/CFSAN Safety Assurance) this shows that we dont have to be concerned about healthy problems caused by GM foods. Besides, The scientific consensus is that GM food do not pose risks to our health or the environment that are any different from the risks posed by the non-GM crops created with modern breeding programs. There is no evidence that GM foods have bad effects in healthy food but can contain better nutrition and more vitamins. For example, blindness due to vitamin A deficiency is a common problem in third world countries. Researchers at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Institute for Plant Sciences have created a strain of "golden" rice containing an unusually high content of beta-carotene (vitamin A). ("Rockefeller Foundation"), this research clearly shows that GM food not only are not risky for our health, but also can provide benefits as being a supplement of Vitamin A. GM food includes not only health benefits, but also helping to lack of food in the world. There are some 800 million people (18 percent of the population in the developing world) who do not have sufficient food to meet their needs. (The Scientific Debate) Malnutrition plays a significant role in half the nearly 12 million deaths each year of Third World children under five. Growing enough staple crops -- such as corn, rice, wheat, yams, and potatoes -without further expanding the amount of land that must be cultivated will require substantial increases in yields per acre. Agricultural Biotechnology and the Poor, a report of an international conference on biotechnology convened by the World Bank's Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research and the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, explores the potential impact of biotechnology in developing countries. There are some criticisms about that, 18 African countries stated to the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization We strongly object that the image of the poor and hungry from our countries is being used by giant multinational corporations to push a technology that is neither safe, environmentally friendly nor economically beneficial to us. We do not believe that such companies or gene technologies will help our farmers to produce the food that is needed in the 21st century. On the contrary, we think it will destroy the diversity, the local knowledge and the sustainable agricultural systems that our farmers have developed for millennia, and that it will thus undermine our capacity to feed ourselves. (Burge). In contrast, a conventional breeding program in Uganda produced a new high-yielding variety that was virus-resistant and raised yields by roughly 100%. The Ugandan project achieved its goal in a fraction of the time and cost of the GM project. The GM sweet potato project, over 12 years, consumed funding from Monsanto, the World Bank, and USAID to the tune of $6 million. (GM education) The challenging growing conditions of a changing climate are resolved by genetic engineering. Unexpected frost can destroy sensitive seedlings an antifreeze gene from cold-water fish has been introduced into plants such as tobacco and potato. With this antifreeze gene, these plants are able to tolerate cold temperatures that normally would kill unmodified seedlings. ("Transgenic Research, p105") GM plant breeding has achieved success after success in producing a variety of drought resistant crops, including a whole series of drought resistant maize varieties, and these have been made available in many countries, including developing countries that are particularly vulnerable to drought. For example, researchers have identified maize parental lines and hybrids with high levels of drought tolerance among the early and the extra-early maturing maize genotypes developed and conserved by IITA. This successful identification has led to the availability and the possibility of sustainable development of more resilient maize varieties with dual characteristics of escaping and tolerating drought in the near future. The discovery of a high level of drought tolerance among early maturing maize parental lines is also seen as good news for farmers, especially in drought-prone areas of Africa where maize is a key staple. ("Early maturing") In the developing world genetic engineering is faster, more cost-effective, and more reliable than conventional breeding methods that include multiple benefits but the most important fact is that GM foods are safe for health.
Works Cited -Michael White, "The Scientific Debate About GM Foods Is Over: Theyre Safe", September 24, 2013. -Judith Rodin, "The Ohio State Universitys College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences", Oct 04, 2013.

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- Nicholas Bakshi, "The controversy of GM food ", April 15, 2003. -FDA/CFSAN Safety Assurance of Foods Derived by Modern Biotechnology in the United States, September 10, 2012. -David Burge, "It doesnt help" Magazine International, 2009. - http://www.gmeducation.org - (Rockefeller Foundation) "New rice may help address vitamin A- and iron deficiency, major causes of death in the developing world", May 12, 2013. - Early maturing maize lines at IITA hold drought tolerance that could save farmers in Africa, 15 April 2013.

Is the free-market system in capitalism beneficial for society as a whole?


By Itaru (Japan) In a country with capitalism, people can get good products with low prices because an economic system called the free-market system. In capitalism, for example, the prices of goods and services are affected by supply and demand, rather than controlled by a government or governing body. The free-market system has some advantages; such as fair prices, innovation, and environmental protection. On the other hand, it has also some disadvantages, most notably monopolies and other market barriers. Although I agree that the free-market system is not perfect and that the system has some negative aspects, it is significant for society to know and understand positive aspects of the free-market system. In addition, free-market doesnt necessarily mean completely free, as history has proven that regulations are needed in order to maintain fair and safe business practices. First, the free-market system is a competitive place in which fair prices are automatically decided. No one has the power to set prices. Competition benefits everyone by enabling us to choose from an array of excellent products at affordable prices. This can easily be seen in our day-to-day shopping at the grocery stores, where different brands compete for the best quality and most affordable prices, to shopping for a computer, where competition has led to not only lower prices, but also innovation. In an article entitled Free-Market Morals and the Microsoft Case, the author argues that consumers have received reliable computers that are more user-friendly and less expensive, and that the free-market competition has been good for both consumers and firms (Miller). Also, Michael E. Porter, the Bishop William Lawrence University Professor at Harvard Business School, advocates that cost advantage exists when a firm is able to offer the same value as competitors but at a lower cost (Porter, 1985). In fact, Walmart, McDonald's, Ikea, and Southwest Airlines are the good examples that the free-market competitions lead to reasonable prices to consumers (Scilly). Competition is also the critical driver of innovation. In other words, competition encourages companies to improve new ideas and new technology. As a result, companies create wonderful new goods and cheaper and better ways to do everything. According to a recent report entitled Annual Best Global Brands Report, five of the top-ten global brand companies are technology brand firms, such as Apple, Google, Microsoft, Samsung and Intel, which provide great electronics, computers, software, and services to consumers at wonderful prices (14th). A researcher also points out that even Microsoft has took a gamble with Windows 8 to stay alive in PC market (Bora). These examples probably show the technology product market has severe competition under the free-market system. Through the competitions, the free-market system creates innovation. As a result, the innovation enables not only consumers to have access to a wide range of goods and services but also companies to improve their value in a market. In addition, the free-market system actually contributes to environmental protection. For instance, according to an article entitled Mr. President, The Free Market Is Reducing CO2 Emissions, the author suggests that the free market will get the prices of natural gas lower as the production rises, and that expanding the market for natural gas will lead to reducing energy-related carbon emissions (Matthews). Now imagine that the free-market system would develop extremely. What would happen? Several disadvantages would probably emerge. First, monopoly might occur because competition tends to reduce the number of competitors. A few owners are in a position to set high prices and exploit both consumers and workers. That results in inflated pricing. For instance, a study suggests that IBM once controlled between 40 % and 70 % of the computer market. In this study, Scott McNealy, chairman and chief executive of Sun Microsystems stated, "Monopoly sets in at about a 30 percent market share" (Conigliaro et al.). Consumers will be forced to pay higher prices regardless of product quality. There is no one to stop the corrupt corporate exercise of power. Conversely, some regulations or rules by someone in neutral position would be needed to control monopoly; thereby holding back the threat in free-market system. Second, it could be hard for new companies to enter certain markets when older companies may dominate the scene. The entry barrier will prevent new players or startups in the marketplace. For example, several decades ago Alcoa, an Aluminum company of America, exercised control over almost every source of bauxite, which is an essential input for manufacture of aluminum. Therefore barriers to entry the market existed due to absolute cost advantages of Alcoa (Reisman, vol. 20, 1). Although these negative aspects could be possible under the free-market system, some supports, systems, or rules by governments are essential functions to retain the market fairly. According to Milton Friedman, who was a famous economist, the role of a government in free market economy is to maintain social freedom ( Capitalism and Freedom, Chapter ). If a support or a rule is adapted, a society can have vigorous market as the market can 16

contribute to the development of the society. In fact, the European Commission, in 2008, imposed a fine [0.9 billion] on Microsoft Corporation that broke European Union competition law by monopolizing the PC operating systems (OS) market, and in 2009, a fine [1.06 billion] on Intel by abuse of a dominant position in the x86 Computer Processing Units (CPU) market (MEMO, 08-125 and 09-235). These examples show the importance that the government or official organization acts as a kind of referee with the free-market system. In summary, the free-market system has many advantages for a society and quite valuable as a whole. Of course, there are some disadvantages; however, it could be possible to curb and settle the disadvantages by governmental supports or rules. That is, it is significant for the free-market system to harmonize with the official policies.
Works Cited Annual Best Global Brands Report. Interbrand.com 14th 30 Sep. 2013 <http://www.interbrand.com/en/best-global-brands/2013/Best-GlobalBrands-2013.aspx>. Antitrust: Commission Decision of 27 February 2008 to impose penalty payments on Microsoft frequently asked questions. European Commission MEMO 08-125 27 Feb. 2008 < http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_MEMO-08-125_en.htm?locale=en>. Antitrust: Commission imposes fine of 1.06 billion euros on Intel for abuse of dominant position; orders Intel to cease illegal practices questions and answers. European Commission MEMO 09-235 13 May. 2009 <http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_MEMO-09-235_en.htm? locale=en>. Bora, Kukil. Windows 8 Is A Big Gamble That Microsoft Must Take To Stay Alive In Competition: Gartner. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS TIMES 25 Sep. 2012. Conigliaro, Andy., Joshua Elman, Jeremy Schreiber, and Tony Small. The Building of Big Blue. the danger of corporate monopolies. 10 June. 1996 <http://www-cs-faculty.stanford.edu/~eroberts/cs201/projects/corporate-monopolies/development_ibm.html>. Friedman, Milton. Capitalism and Freedom: Chapter The Role of Government in a free society. Chicago: 1962. Matthews, Merrill. Mr. President, The Free Market Is Reducing CO2 Emissions. Forbes 12 July. 2013. Miller, Jason. Free-Market Morals and the Microsoft Case. Acton Commentary 1 July. 2001. Porter, Michael E. The Free Press: Competitive Advantage. New York: 1985 Reisman, George. Understanding Barriers to Entry. The Free Market Jan. 2002: vol. 20, 1. Scilly, M. and Demand Media. Examples of Cost Leadership & Strategy Marketing. Small Bussiness <http://smallbusiness.chron.com/examples-cost-leadership-strategy-marketing-12259.html>.

NEXT GENERATION
By Sadiye (Turkey) Genetically modified foods are foods produced from genetically modified organisms, especially genetically modified crops. GMOs have had specific changes introduced into their DNA by genetic engineering techniques (Lederberg 42). The first genetically modified plant was produced in1983. Genetically engineered plants are generated in a laboratory by altering their genetic makeup and are tested in the laboratory for desired qualities. This is usually done by adding one or more genes to a plants genome. Genetically modified (GM) foods hold great promises that they may provide one of the solutions to help feed growing world populations. But there is also potentially large, and often not well understood, risk from GM technologies. These risks include human health, environmental, farmers in Developing Countries, and organic farmers. The firs risk is human health. More and more studies point to the idea that theres grave cause for concern about the health effects of consuming GMOs and the chemicals they are sprayed with. These risks include food allergies, irritable bowels, organ damage, cancer. A study was conducted at Newcastle University on seven human volunteers who, in the past, had their lower intestine removed and now use colostomy bags. After eating a burger containing GM soy, researchers compared their stools with 12 people with normal stomachs. They found "to their surprise" that "a relatively large proportion of genetically modified DNA survived the passage through the small bowel." None was found in people who had complete stomachs. To see if GM DNA might be transferred via bacteria to the intestine, they also took bacteria from stools in the colostomy bags and cultivated them. In three of the seven samples they found bacteria had taken up the herbicide-resistant gene from the GM food at a very low level (Antonio 27). In research they feet same rats with GM food and other group of rats feed with normal food The results in the study the rats eat GM food died earlier than rats on standard diets. Of the Roundup group, half of the male and 70 percent of the female rats died prematurely. By comparison, among rats with normal diets, 30 percent of males and 20 percent of females died prematurely. The Roundup rats also experienced mammary tumors and liver and kidney damage. Pigs that ate the genetically modified feed in the study had a markedly higher instance of stomach inflammation than pigs on a non-GMO died. Female an indicator at disease that requires further investigation. (Carman 30) New research show that; in animals feed with GM foods revealed organ problems. For a period of 90 days mice had been fed with corn and soya, mice got liver and kidney poisoning appeared (Asimov 34) Another risk of GMOs is damage to the environment. Seventy-two percent of US GMO crops are engineered to tolerate a certain type of herbicide. But the weeds that these herbicides used to kill are coming back bigger and stronger, creating herbicide-resistant super weeds that require greater quantities of more toxic pesticides to eradicate. Most GM crops are engineered to be "herbicide tolerant"they deadly weed killer. 17

Monsanto, for example, sells Roundup Ready crops, designed to survive applications of their Roundup herbicide. Between 1996 and 2008, US farmers sprayed an extra 383 million pounds of herbicide on GMOs. Overuse of Roundup results in "super weeds, "resistant to the herbicide. This is causing farmers to use even more toxic herbicides every year. Not only does this create environmental harm, GM foods contain higher residues of toxic herbicides. Roundup, for example, is linked with sterility, hormone disruption, birth defects, and cancer. By mixing genes from totally unrelated species, genetic engineering unleashes a host of unpredictable side effects. Moreover, irrespective of the type of genes that are inserted, the very process of creating a GM plant can result in massive collateral damage that produces new toxins, allergens, carcinogens, and nutritional deficiencies.GM crops and their associated herbicides can harm birds, insects, amphibians, marine ecosystems, and soil organisms. They reduce bio-diversity, pollute water resources, and are unsustainable. For example, GM crops are eliminating habitat for monarch butterflies, whose populations are down 50% in the US. Roundup herbicide has been shown to cause birth defects in amphibians, embryonic deaths and endocrine disruptions, and organ damage in animals even at very low doses. GM canola has been found growing wild in North Dakota and California, threatening to pass on its herbicide tolerant genes on to weeds the. Lastly GMOs also create a potential risk to organic produce. Even when a farmer isnt growing GM crops, contamination can easily occurthrough seed mixing or pollen drift from neighboring GM fields. While this contamination is troubling for those of us who wish to avoid GMOs, it can be an economic disaster for organic and family farmers. There are potentially large, and often not well understood risks from GM Technologies. These risks include health risks, environmental risks, and economic risks. GMOs foods should not sold to the public and should undergo further testing until they are proven to be safe for the public.
References Dr. Vanda Shiva: The Future of Food (Found, Navdanya /RFSTE) Michael Antonio, a senior lecturer in molecular genetics at Kings College Medical School, London, Source: The Guardian (August 2002) Non-GMO Project: What is GMO? PSRAST.org: Problem With the Safety of Roundup-Ready Soybeans International Journal of Biological Sciences: A Comparison of the Effects of Three GM Corn Varieties on Mammalian Health GMOInside.org: GMO Timeline: A History of Genetically Modified Foods FDA: Questions & Answers on Food From Genetically Engineered Plants EPA: Pesticides Health and Safety National Geographic: Food: How Altered? Read more: http://www.livestrong.com/article/345554-disadvantages-of-genetically-modified-food/#ixzz2i2WPtZCK. 1. WHO: 20 Questions on Genetically Modified (Gm) Foods (Accessed 09/06/10) http://www.who.int/foodsafety/publications/b... 2. GMOS - What are the Dangers? http://www.safe-food.org/-issue/dangers.html 3. Transgenic pollen harms monarch larvae (Nature, Volume 399, No 6733, Page 214, May 1999) 4. Franken fish: Genetically Modified Salmon could Wipe out an Entire Specieshttp://www.naturalnews.com/029751_frankenfis... Learn more: http://www.naturalnews.com/029869_GMOs_dangers.html##ixzz2i2YkbKGJ

WRITING SIX
Studying Abroad
By Ali A. (Kurdistan) Being students for a year in school or university, they will know every building on the university like library, hall, and fields of sports. Also, they will make a lot of friends inside the university. Students will make a new environmental on the university. In addition, studying in another country make their feel more independent, they can work with professor in their fields that give them more experience by sharing information with each other. Studying overseas improves students personality in many ways such as: develop personality, improve education, they will have better future. Students personality Going to different area especially U.S.A, people will get great personality because U.S people are very intelligent friendly people, and they never give up. When they come back they will feel they can do every thing like U.S.A persons. However, living alone for the first time far for their families and friends, that gives them power to improve 18

their personality. Also, studying in different environmental, culture, language, and habitat, all this are very difficult in the beginning but by the time they will used to, and that will effects on their personalities every day. Improve education When student arrive the U.S.A they should clear their main to understand the education in U.S because it has different kind of education. Also, U.S has been discovering many new methods in many fields that will give student opportunity to improve their education in they own fields. The biggest benefit of studying in U.S is the university program has appertain to work with the faculty member in their departments. Also, they can study major that arent available in their home countries. Future Person who are studying overseas that will have more chance to get the job in the future because now international companies looking for employers who are studied abroad, reasons that all world has been working together, and they need the people who are know the English language because is the more popular language in the world now. Studying in U.S will make students to speak popular language in the world that the main reason. Also, living in different countries makes student knowledge about the way that can communicate with the international people from many different countries. In conclusion, leaving our home are very heavy on people feeling because they have used to daily life and they know everywhere, also, they understand their people. But studying abroad has many benefits in students life like: learning another language, understanding another policies, economies, and cultures. It will develop the international society for meeting people from diverse countries. We should think about life without studying abroad? I hope all international are successful in their studying.
Work cited Erin E. Sullivan, Considering the reasons to Study Abroad Web posted on, 29 June 2006 University of Indianapolis, Study Abroad, Accessed on, 29 June, 2006 Institute of International Education, Interested in studying abroad, Accessed on, 29 June, 2006

Success in Kindergarten
By Nora (Hungary) Do you know that kids have learning styles? Do you have idea how many methods are for parents to help their children be successful in Kindergarten? Kindergarten year is the first year when your children begin to attend the school in the U.S. This is an introduction year into the school, when the little students learn to read, to write, to count and learning the social relationships. And what we call success? In this case, the success is the process of learning the essential ability of the everyday activity; such as reading short stories, understand map, work with others, count and measure objects. When we translate these activities to qualities they can be creativity, flexibility, self-control, and discipline according to Diamond and Lee Interventions Shown to Aid Executive Function Development in Children 4 to 12 Years Old Science magazine article. We can say that the humanity side of the life begins with this age. In this research paper will be described some learning styles which help to improve the above qualities of the children. Moreover, this document will give additional ideas for parents to help achieve their kids goal. The school age When the kids reach the 6th years in their life, they need daily activities. They ask question which need answered and they need to have a little supervision. The school system can ensure the above circumstances for them. As Spock, the world-wide known pediatrician describes, this age is the beginning of the self-supporting process which goes and follow until their adolescent age. It is a long period for everybody to learn and struggle to be an adult. In other words, there is the first step and activity outside the family: understand the laws that move and change the world and learn lifelong skills (Spoke). 19

Learning styles from Mary Ann Smialek After seeing that the first socialization steps starts in Kindergarten, parents need to see and know which their kids learning characteristic is. It will help parents and children when they struggle with homework and they will gain proper tools and tips. For example, when the kids are primarily visual learner, the repeated aloud text or story will not help their understanding process. It will perhaps prolong the learning time without success. But if the parents use the right tools to support their children, the study time will be reduced spectacularly. In this part I will present four learning methods, according to Marie Ann Smialek, with their attributes for better understanding. Visual learners can recognize the person without name, speak and remember with closed eyes, use various illustration effects in writing and speaking, and do their work quietly. When your children are an auditory learner, their typical attributes are: unlike a visual learner who knows the name without face, they like hearing themselves and others, enjoy the reading aloud, have a problem when they learn in the noisy condition, and struggle with map and diagram reading. In the third style the kinesthetic learners have the following characteristic: they remember for the act, but not for audible or visible part, they often rotate the active and passive periods, they need something their hand. Finally, the typical attributes for a tactile learner are that he or she likes drawing and painting, enjoys the design process. They find craft activity relaxing. They need physical verification such as hug or pat on the back. Of course, the presented types are never stay clearly alone. But a seeking parent can realize their children primary, secondary styles and help children with a sufficient feedback. As the author said, With your [parents] creativity, knowledge and motivation you will meet the challenge, (Smialek). Some studies show that the learning style definition does not work well (Neighmond). Scientists say that brain work better when person meets with new information more times. This time is possible to be from months until a year. Experts say that people can develop memory with common learning, too. Moreover, the scientists state that brain work in everybody in similar way. It is easier to seek the mentioned identities than the differences. But based on the comments of the article, we can establish that the brain work is a complex process. As a commenter, Patrick Pete writes, the genetics, the environments and the social dynamics, how a person learned during early developments, affect the brain working process. So, brain activities are very multiple, and hard to model every little part and function. On other hand, the opponents of learning styles have not enough data from students for their studies. Above all, experts have lot of information about the learning styles which can easily adopt in everyday education. Supporting ideas for parents There is not just school task to discipline kids. Parents should give their children appropriate environment for continuous developing and learning. Based on the article Raisin' Brain: Maintaining Homes for All Kinds of Minds, parents need to observe their kids development carefully. When they reach the school age most of parents know which subjects of the kids needs to improve and which disciplines their children like (Mel Levine). Scientists recommend that parents should observe their children separately to see differences between their kids. Moreover, it is important that at home maintain some requirement, as "in this home, we always speak in full sentences (Mel Levine). In other words, discuss the daily happening, reflecting each other without interruption. The above tip is one idea to improve your children speaking. Henceforth, parents need to ensure enough time for active play and avoid the nonverbal activity. For example, play card or board game together; show how to work machines, telescope, and cars. In addition, outside play and active movement help kids brain work efficiently as the Science article demonstrate it. The author claims that for children who have aerobic practice every day, their working memory has more activity (Diamond and Lee). The next tip for parent is to have communication with their kids school. Daily or weekly written assessment is helpful information for parents to see children daily work and development. Moreover, the parent-teacher conferences where the parent and teacher can personally speak about the little student development are very useful. In addition, I cite Erin Dover teaching, which is another advice for parents, "It's very hard to encourage kids with school, grades, and college," she said. "Really you want to motivate kids to find what they're passionate about. Finding success outside of school is imperative." In fact, she writes that parents need to find good and short goals for their children motivation instead of invisible targets. Conclusion Finally, as the reader can see, the learning methods and helping tips are huge support for parents and for little students. For sufficient adaption of this information parents need to monitor their children learning style and choose their primary and secondary characteristics. With an effective method the homework time will be decreased. In addition, a motivational home environment will keep kids interest in high level. This activity will help them to be success people in the future. Keep in mind, that the first year in the school, namely the Kindergarten year, is a start 20

for the self-control, the living outside the family and cooperation. In other hand, the detailed information helps not just the parents and little students. When you study in your life, which is a lifelong process, help yourself with adequate and described methods and tips. Who knows what the next decades bring?
Works cited Diamond, Adele and Lee, Kathleen. Interventions Shown to Aid Executive Function Development in Children 4 to 12 Years Old Science Vol 333 19 August 2011 Web. 16 October 2013 Dower, Erin. 5 Essential Tools and Tips for Disorganized Boys school.familyeducation.com Web. 3 October 2013 Levine, Mel. Raisin' Brain: Maintaining Homes for All Kinds of Minds ReadingRocket.org January 2006. Web. 1 October 2013 Neighmond, Patti. Think You're An Auditory Or Visual Learner? Scientists Say It's Unlikely 29 August 2011.Web. 20 October 2013 Smialek, Mary Ann. How Do Children Learn? MaryAnnSmialek.com Smialek, Mary Ann, Web. 26 September 2013 Spock M.D., Benjamin and Parker M.D., Steven. Dr. Spocks Baby and Child Care First Dutton Printing (7th Edition), July 1998

Airplane landing and takeoff


By Oudah (Saudi Arabia) According to the CNN there is 10 million flights every year in the U.S, so there is 10 million takeoff and landing. Many people have been in an airplane. But they do not know what the pilot has to go through to land the plane or to taxi ( taxiing is the movement of an aircraft on the ground, under its own power ) it to the gate and take it back to the air. And keep you safe and relaxed. I will address in the research how all of this happen in short time 12 hours. I will talk about the big international overseas flight. Landing an airplane: First when the aircraft enter a country the pilot has to get the permission from the authority(authorization is provided by government department which control the airspaces over the country). The when he approach the runway he has to check several thing and one of these thing is the: Approach Speeds The approach speed are depended on temperature and airplane weight. The pilot has to calculate three or more sometimes. First he has to calculate approach speed, is the speed flown during the latter stages of the final approach to just short of the runway threshold. The runway threshold is the straps in the beginning of the runway. This relatively slow speed permits landing gear and flaps to extend. Second speed the engines are inoperative and that speed called VYSE . Then VREF, the lowest of the three speeds, is the target airspeed when crossing the runway threshold. Not every landing is perfect, some landings are dreadful because of the weather or miscalculate the necessary speed. There is a close example just before 3 months ago, Asiana Airlines flight 214 was flying from Incheon, South Korea to San Francisco, the plane crash in the beginning of the runway. According to the daily mail the early Investigates shows that the plane was not flight on a enough approaching speed so it hit the airport seawall shore. Ground handling: Ground handling is servicing of an aircraft while it is on the ground many thing are done. Some of these thing are: Cabin service: This serves make ensure passenger comfort also cleaning the passenger cabin and replenishment washable items such as soap, pillows, tissues, blankets, etc Catering: Catering includes the unloading of unused food and drink from the aircraft and to the airplane Ramp service: Ramp service include: Guiding the aircraft into and out of the gate, Water cartage, Luggage handling, Refueling, which may be done with a refueling tanker truck or refueling pumper, and ground power (so that engines need not be running to provide aircraft power on the ground). Passenger service This service Provided inside the terminal check-in counter services for the passengers departing on the customer airlines, boarding passengers, closing the flight, etc. Field operation service This service dispatches the aircraft, maintains communication with the Air Traffic Control. Passengers must remember that the ground stuff have to do all of these service in short time 1-1.5 hours so next time they have late flight they shod be calm and think about what these ground stuff have to do. Sometime the delay is caused by a passenger, ones my uncle was in Atlanta airport and the airplane was about to takeoff when someone start a problem, the pilot took the airplane back to the gate and they had to kick that man out of the 21

airplane, and we were delayed for one hour. And we arrived to Nashville on 12 midnight. Takeoff: Takeoff is the phase of flight in which an aerospace vehicle goes from the ground to flying in the air. As same as landing the pilot has to check the speed, also he has to check the weight of the airplane, the luggage and also the gas weight, and he has to check how long is the runway. And calculate these all of this to make a good takeoff.
Work cited: - http://www.cnn.com/2012/01/09/travel/safe-air-travel-2011/ -http://www.ifly.com/blog/from-the-cockpit/approach-and-landing/ - http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2450331/San-Francisco-Asiana-Airlines-crash-cause-faulty-speed-device.html - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft_ground_handling - Mohammed alahmadi , airplane engineer . (2012, October24

Benefits of Foreign Study


By Talal (Saudi Arabia) Have you lived outside your country? Stay a little time outside your country, then you may feel it was the best days that you spent in your life. And during your foreign study you may learn or get some things such as international certificate, working with other people and a good background about different cultures and different countries rules. And different cultures mean different customs and habits. So, Many people have different cases to life out their countries but ultimately they acquire friendships, cultures, customs and habits. Therefore, you shouldn't lose the opportunity to go out your country. First of all, foreign certificate or study is significant to get a good job such as to be lawyer or an engineer or even in travelling. According to Anne Merritt who said, " Why learn a foreign language? Benefits of bilingualism learning a foreign language is more than just a boost to your CV or handy for travelling. It will make you smarter, more decisive and even better at English." So, if I have English as second language, then it may be as strong weapon anywhere and any time.

Children learning foreign languages at a Grammar School in the 60's Photo: Getty Images For this, a higher education or foreign certificate is important. For instance, someone who has finished high school, dreams about getting a wonderful job with several unique features. In addition, he made plans for his life, and he wants to be judged in the long run. So, he can't be a doctor or judge without international information like building process is different between Saudi Arabia and China, medical and rules. So, foreign study is a really a great supporting for persons information. We shouldn't lose this chance for our life if we got it! According to Sullivan, "Studying abroad typically gives your resume a nice boost and improves your postgraduate employment prospects, particularly if you're considering a career in business international affairs, or government service". Several people say life will teach us everything, so they believe that they don't need to get foreign study or even high education. However, it's relatively correct, but also a high education or foreign study may teach many things like different customs and to add new ideas to the mind like culture of wedding. The step happens after they completely agree to get married, and this step includes a contract between them and the wedding ceremony. In the 22

wedding ceremony, every culture has different customs. For example, they have a different time of party, music and food. This stage is very important and has different specific events, especially when all of the couples have a first marriage because during this event they feel completely changed in their life, e.g. receiving congratulations, wearing special clothes, and leaving to a new home. So, the foreign study also donates a person complex cultures like formal celebrations. As it says on the university of Indianapolis web site,Immersion in international cultures promotes language proficiency. The best way to learn a language is to be immersed in its culture". In addition, "Cultural understanding, a less obvious but nonetheless compelling reason to study another language is the power that languages have to promote understanding between people of different cultural backgrounds. The study of another language helps students develop a sense of cultural pluralism, an openness to and appreciation of other cultures. Only through their languages can we understand other cultures. Academic benefits, the study of another language affects academic areas as well. Research has shown that children who have studied a foreign language in elementary school achieve higher scores on standardized tests in reading, language arts, and mathematics than those who have not (Masciantonio, Rafferty). Moreover, Foreign language study has also been shown to enhance listening skills and memory, and the development of second language skills can contribute a significant additional dimension to the concept of communication. Furthermore, students who have studied a foreign language develop greater cognitive skills in such areas as mental flexibility, creativity, divergent thinking and higher order thinking skills." Bernadette Morris A new ideas cant come with out research. Some people believe they will explore new ideas through study. They mean with time and a lot of research, they can get and explore new ideas. For example, during their study in local university, they already read many books and learn new information every day. So, with time they may get benefits and will explore new ideas. Even if this is correct, when they study university outside their country, then they may find a lot of new ideas from the first day of study. Why? Because they have different minds, different opinions, mix people and different ways of thinking. So, every day they may get new benefits and then can make groups of ideas in their minds. Later, maybe these ideas will be used in their research or through their study. So, that means there is the possibility of using new ideas in supporting of their studies because of the different place. For example, someone who is from China wants to complete his education in the USA. He already has information about his country, but when he came to the US, he learned new ideas. So, maybe he will use it in private business or to make a big deal. On the other hand, international universities are different from local universities. Even if someone thinks outside of studies aren't different in university inside his country studies. And He believes when he made some research in a local university, he will find all of solutions and results. For example, if a person makes research about British culture, he could get a lot of information with pictures through an internet. However, a local study is not the same as an outside study. An outside study helps people even with their private life, not only university studies, it will give a big background, and then a possibility is using it more than one place and time. Special research and studies such as examples and details will be strong support for research. So, an outside study has wonderful benefits. " Speaking a foreign language improves the functionality of your brain by challenging it to recognise, negotiate meaning, and communicate in different language systems. This skill boosts your ability to negotiate meaning in other problem-solving tasks as well." Anne Merritt said. Moreover, if the student has homework to compare his culture and a country that he studys in, then he will write a good topic about two cultures difference and advantage and disadvantage. For example, when a student who is from Saudi Arabia who studies marketing in an United States of America, and the university requested him to make an extensive study between Islamic loans with no benefits that are working in the KSA and interest loans in the USA, then he could make that study with proof, because he already had background about how to deal with Islamic loans and interest loans. So, that information is considered support for his study. Ambitious person can achieve his dream." Learning a foreign language enables students to relate to other cultures, expand their employment and witnessing opportunities, and sharpen skills in their own language. Many high school students, however, are not motivated to learn because of the boredom that often characterizes the foreign language classroom." Melody Moore and Ken Casillas. Many people think that it doesn't matter if a certificate is local or international, because they ultimately believe students will use it to find a job. For example, if somebody finished university and got a certificate, then he will use it to search for a good job with an appropriate salary. However, any international certificate is proof that a person tried and spent his time and his effort to get that certificate. Also, if the country is considered advanced like USA, Canada or Britain, that surely will give a strong certificate. For example, anyone who is from Egypt who wants to study electrical engineering in Canada will get a certificate stronger than local certificate from Egypt. So, this is one of the most important reasons to transfer for study outside his country. In conclusion, if someone has a chance to get an international certificate, an advice is: don't lose it. Big companies want students who study outside their country because they already have different ideas, opinions and background, so all of these considered benefits. Thus, maybe the company creates a big deal with their ideas, and most of the students who have graduated from international university, if they work in any company, and then they will make a successful meeting because they already have background about products and a famous company. Eventually, maybe they already have relationships with banks or companies which gave them some services or 23

work. In conclusion, remember always an international certificate is better than a local certificate, even in the long run. So, customs and habits, international training and certificate, also working with international students, ideas, experiences and skills, all of these are benefits from foreign study.
Works cited: Jump-starting your career. Adapted from study Abroad for Dummies by Erin E. Sullivan. office of study abroad. the university of Indianapolis. University of Indianapolis. Web. 23 October 2013. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/education/educationopinion/10126883/Why-learn-a-foreign-language-Benefits-of-bilingualism.html Anne Merritt. http://www.diversityabroad.com/article/study-abroad/8-study-abroad-scholarships-that-every-student-should-know-about Riley Sklar and Tara Matthews. http://www.learnnc.org/lp/pages/759 Bernadette Morris . http://www.bjupress.com/resources/articles/t2t/motivating-students-to-study-a-foreign-language.php Melody Moore and Ken Casillas.

Heart Attacks
Majed A. (Saudi Arabia) Have you heard or read about heart attack? Heart attack is considered one of the most dangerous deaseses that may lead to death. Aheart attack is happens when the flow of oxygen-rich bloodto part of heart muscle suddenly blocked and the heart can not get enough oxygen. If blood flow is not restored, the part of heart muscle will die. Aheart attack may occur in both men and women. Fortunately, recently the government of united states provides midicin in order to survive people and diminish the death percentages. In addition, experts always say there are several phases of any disease and mostly the primary phase which is under control considers mor likely to heal. Aperson can know and decide early if he/she has a heart attack or not by several indicates which called signs and symptoms. I want to explain a heart attack by three points which are signs and symptoms to alert people who just have this disease, causes of this dangerous keller to give people caution about its causes to let them avoide this disease and lastly, treatment. First of all, we have many signs which let a person knows early if he or she has this disease or not. People have carried wrong thought about symptoms of heart attack because usually we see heart attack's patients in movies suffer from suddenlly chest pain, however that not always for example in one study researchers have found that about one-third of patients who had heart attacks did not complain from chest pain, these people were more likely to be older, women or diabetic. Symptoms may vary from patient to another, some of patients who had experience with heartattack have been wendring why we did not have the same symptoms. It is very important for us to learn the symptoms of heart attack but before that I would like to show some facts about heart attack: -Heart attacks may start slowly and cause only mild pain or discomfort. Symptoms can be mild or more intense and sudden. some symptoms also may come and go over several hours. -Diabetic patient may have no symptoms or very mild ones. -The most common symptom, in both men and women, is chest pain or discomfort. -Women are considered more likely to have shortness of breath, nausea and vomiting, usual tiredness (sometimes for days), and pain in the back, shoulders, and jaw. -some patient do not have any symptoms and some of them have mild symptoms this situation is called silent heart attack. Common Symptoms Common warning symptoms of a heart attack are: -Chest pain or discomfort. Most heart attacks include discomfort in the center or left side of the chest. The discomfort often lasts for more than a few minutes or goes away and comes back. It may feel like pressure, squeezing, fullness, or pain. It also can feel like heartburn or indigestion. The feeling can be mild or severe. (NIH) -Upper body discomfort. some of patients feel discomfort in one arm or the both, the back, shoulders, neck, jaw, or upper part of the stomach (above the belly button). -Shortness of breath. This may be your only symptom, or it may occur before or along with chest pain or discomfort. It may happpen when you are resting or doing a little bit of physical activity. Secondly, we may come to the causes of heart attack, A heart attack happens if the flow of oxygen-rich blood to a section of heart muscle suddenly becomes blocked and the heart can't get oxygen. Most heart attacks coused by coronary heart disease(Coronary heart disease [CHD] is a disease happened when some thing [waxy substance] builds up inside the coronary arteries which will block it. These arteries supply oxygen-rich blood to your heart muscle,When plaque builds up in the arteries, the condition is called atherosclerosis. The buildup of plaque occurs over many years). Eventually, an area of plaque can break open inside of an artery. This causes a blood clot to form on the plaque's surface. If the clot is large enough, it can mostly or completely block blood flow through a 24

coronary artery. If the blockage isn't treated quickly, the portion of heart muscle fed by the artery begins to die. Healthy heart tissue is replaced with scar tissue. Usually this heart damage may not be obvious, or it may cause severe or chronic problems. Moreover, there is cause but it is considered not from the very common causes which is a severe spasm (tightening) of a coronary artery. The spasm prevents blood flow through the artery. Spasms can occur in coronary arteries that aren't affected by atherosclerosis, a spasm may deal with Taking certain drugs such as cocaine, Emotional stress or pain, Exposure to extreme cold and Cigarette smoking. Lastly, there are amidicines for every disease some of them already discovered and other not yet. By a medication we can prevent or limit the damage of heart muscle. Acting fast, at the first symptoms of a heart attack, can save your life. Medicalpersonnel can begin diagnosis and treatment even before you get to the hospital. Certain treatments usually are started right away if a heart attack is suspected, even before the diagnosis is confirmed". These include Oxygen therapy( Oxygen therapy is treatment by provide extra oxygen which is needed by the body), "Aspirin to thin your blood and prevent further blood clotting, Nitroglycerin to reduce your heart's workload and improve blood flow through the coronary arteries". In conclusion, knowing the signs and symptoms, causes, treatment of a heart attack is important to be in the safe side and to enjoy with healthy life. Finally my advices for all people try to avoid all its causes specially smoking because in these day we got alot of smokers, try to be healthy with daily exercise which diminish the opportunity of heart attack and if you feel you have any thing from heart attack's signs please do not be late to call 911 to inform them about what you got and to be in the safe side.
References Heart disease. Mayo Clinic. http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/heart-disease-prevention/WO00041. July13,2013. accessed in October21,2013. Explore Heart Attack. National Institutes of Health(NIH). http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/heartattack/. July5,2013. October21,2013. Heart Attack. Second Count(SCAI). http://www.scai.org/SecondsCount/Resources/Detail.aspx?cid=d1b1e0fe-ae2d-4cc4-96c7-02e944b7ed0d. October21,2013. Heart Health Center. WebMD. http://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/guide/heart-disease-heart-attacks. October21,2013.

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