Guiding Youth Careers 3 PDF

38
An achievei vilh a liack iecoid of

Ieadeiship in handIing schooI
oiganizalions. Iossesses exceIIenl skiIIs in
piolIen soIving, pIanning, and fund-
iaising. ResouicefuI, voiks veII undei
piessuie, and deIiveis lineIy iesuIls.
A skiIIed conpulei lechnician vilh
expeiience in lhe nanufacluiing
indusliy. LxceIIenl skiIIs in haidvaie
nainlenance and iepaii. Haidvoiking,
alIe lo gel aIong vilh peopIe, vilh good
connunicalion skiIIs.
A haidvoiking individuaI vilh exceIIenl
cooking skiIIs, speciaIizing in }apanese
dishes, gained fion voik expeiience as a
cook in a ieslauianl chain. Cels aIong veII
vilh peopIe, liuslvoilhy, and ieIialIe.
39
1he re:um, the job:eeher': er:ono| brochure

The iesune is a peisonaI adveilisenenl, a liochuie, lhal
allenpls lo do one lhing:

In counseIing young jolseekeis, il is inpoilanl lo
enphasize lhal lhe iesune is noie lhan jusl a Iisling of vheie
one voiked oi venl foi schooIing. Il is lhal one docunenl lhal
opens lhe dooi foi lhe polenliaI enpIoyei lo vanl lo gel lo
knov lhe jolseekei. In olhei voids, lhe funclion of a iesune is
lo give lhe polenliaI enpIoyei a peek inlo a jolseekeis
lackgiound and lo geneiale enough inleiesl so lhal lhe
conpany vouId vanl lo caII hin/hei lo cone foi an inleiviev.
Aflei jolseekeis have idenlified vhal lhey aie good al,
vhal lheii vaIues and inleiesls aie, vhal lheii anlilions aie,
and vheie lhey lesl fil, lhey aie nov ieady lo piepaie lheii
peisonaI liochuie vhich shovcases acconpIishnenls in lhe
pasl lhal can le dupIicaled in vaiious scenaiios in lhe fuluie.

Heie aie sone lips in doing lhe iesune.

Use sliong aclion voids.
Make lhe iesune alliaclive lo lhe eye, vilh sufficienl
vhile space so lhal il is nol ciovded and difficuIl lo
iead.
Use an appiopiiale foinal, nolhing fancy oi eIaloiale.
Have lvo olhei peopIe Iook ovei lhe iesune and nake
connenls lo ensuie accuiacy and inciease inpacl.
Use fonl size 11 oi 12, nolhing snaIIei.
Do nol oveido lhe use of capilaIs, loIdface, oi
undeiIines.
Iay allenlion lo giannai, lypogiaphicaI eiiois, elc.
Mislakes in lhese aieas shov caieIessness.
27 2
Copyright International Labour Organization 2007
First published 2007
Publications of the International Labour Office enjoy copyright under
Protocol 2 of the Universal Copyright Convention. Nevertheless, short
excerpts from them may be reproduced without authorization, on condition
that the source is indicated. For rights of reproduction or translation,
application should be made to ILO Publications (Rights and Permissions),
International Labour Office, CH-1211 Geneva 22, Switzerland, or by email:
pubdroit@ilo.org. The International Labour Office welcomes such
applications.
Libraries, institutions and other users registered in the United Kingdom with
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make photocopies in accordance with the licences issued to them for this
purpose.

ILO Cataloguing in Publication Data
Guiding youth careers: a handbook for those who help young jobseekers /
International Labour Organization. - Manila: ILO, 2007
121 p.
ISBN: 9789221203131;9789221203148 (web pdf)
International Labour Office
job searching / job seeker / youth / counselling / job placement / Philippines
13.02.3
The designations employed in ILO publications, which are in conformity
with United Nations practice, and the presentation of material therein do not
imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the
International Labour Office concerning the legal status of any country, area
or territory or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers.
The responsibility for opinions expressed in signed articles, studies and other
contributions rests solely with their authors, and publication does not
3
constitute an endorsement by the International Labour Office of the opinions
expressed in them.
Reference to names of firms and commercial products and processes does
not imply their endorsement by the International Labour Office, and any
failure to mention a particular firm, commercial product or process is not a
sign of disapproval.
ILO publications can be obtained through major booksellers or ILO local
offices in many countries, or direct from ILO Publications, International
Labour Office, CH-1211 Geneva 22, Switzerland. Catalogues or lists of new
publications are available free of charge from the above address, or by email:
pubvente@ilo.org
Visit our website: www.ilo.org/publns
Printed in the Philippines

2
applications.
purpose.

121 p.
ISBN: 9789221203131;9789221203148 (web pdf)
13.02.3
3
expressed in them.
pubvente@ilo.org

40

The resume ains lo
gel an inleiviev. You donl have lo leII
eveiylhing in a iesune! You give lhe
delaiIs in lhe inleiviev.
IuII Nane
Addiess (incIuding zip code)
Conlacl Nunlei (IandIine, noliIe)
LnaiI addiess
Sunnaiy Slalenenl
Woik (oi SchooI, if none) Lxpeiience
}ol ResponsiliIilies (foi each jol)
AcconpIishnenls
Lducalion
IeisonaI Dala
(nalionaIily, civiI slalus,
liilhpIace, liilhdale)

r re es su um me e
c
c
o
o
n
n
t
t
e
e
n
n
t
t
s
s
41

Nane
Addiess
Conlacl Nunleis
(IandIine, noliIe)
LnaiI addiess
Sunnaiy Slalenenl
Woik Lxpeiience
Nane of conpany, yeais voiked
one-Iine desciiplion of conpany
}ol TilIe/Iosilion
iief desciiplion of jol
iesponsiliIilies
AcconpIishnenls
Lducalion
IeisonaI Dala (nalionaIily, civiI slalus,
(With work
experience)
resum
28
resum
contents
contents
40

The resume ains lo
gel an inleiviev. You donl have lo leII
eveiylhing in a iesune! You give lhe
delaiIs in lhe inleiviev.
IuII Nane
Addiess (incIuding zip code)
Conlacl Nunlei (IandIine, noliIe)
LnaiI addiess
Sunnaiy Slalenenl
Woik (oi SchooI, if none) Lxpeiience
}ol ResponsiliIilies (foi each jol)
AcconpIishnenls
Lducalion
IeisonaI Dala
(nalionaIily, civiI slalus,

r re es su um me e
c
c
o
o
n
n
t
t
e
e
n
n
t
t
s
s
41

Nane
Addiess
Conlacl Nunleis
(IandIine, noliIe)
LnaiI addiess
Sunnaiy Slalenenl
Woik Lxpeiience
Nane of conpany, yeais voiked
one-Iine desciiplion of conpany
}ol TilIe/Iosilion
iief desciiplion of jol
iesponsiliIilies
AcconpIishnenls
Lducalion
(With work
experience)
29 2
applications.
purpose.

121 p.
ISBN: 9789221203131;9789221203148 (web pdf)
13.02.3
3
expressed in them.
pubvente@ilo.org

resum
2
applications.
purpose.

121 p.
ISBN: 9789221203131;9789221203148 (web pdf)
13.02.3
3
expressed in them.
pubvente@ilo.org

42

Nane
Addiess
Conlacl Nunleis
(IandIine, noliIe)
LnaiI addiess
Sunnaiy Slalenenl
SchooI Lxpeiience (incIude on-lhe-jol
liaining, appienliceship)
Degiee oi IeveI allained
Nane of schooI
IncIusive dales of allendance
Oiganizalions, cIuls
iief desciiplion of iesponsiliIilies
in lhe oiganizalion
Avaids, cilalions and honois
ieceived
AcconpIishnenls
(With no work
experience)
43

Hov Iong shouId a iesune le`

Tvo pages onIy. Scieeneis viII usuaIIy nol
iead leyond lvo pages. Il is lellei lo have a
shoil iesune lhal is iead lhan a Iong one lhal
is liashed. Renenlei, lhe iesune is onIy a
liochuie. You give lhe delaiIs in lhe
inleiviev.
Whal shouId I incIude in ny peisonaI dala`

In geneiaI, avoid facls lhal nay le used lo
disciininale againsl you (such as ieIigion),
and lhose lhal do nol necessaiiIy heIp youi
appIicalion (such as inleiesls, hollies, heighl
and veighl). You nusl, of couise, incIude
lhen if lhe conpany iequiies you lo do so.
ShouId I pul ny pholo in ny iesune`

Il is lesl nol lo~unIess lhe conpany iequiies
il. Hov you Iook does nol deleinine hov you
voik. UnfoilunaleIy, scieeneis aie sonelines
infIuenced ly pholos and judge on lhe lasis of
Iooks so il is lesl nol lo piovide lhal
addilionaI delaiI.
obout the re:ume obout the re:ume obout the re:ume obout the re:ume
30
resum
42

Nane
Addiess
Conlacl Nunleis
(IandIine, noliIe)
LnaiI addiess
Sunnaiy Slalenenl
SchooI Lxpeiience (incIude on-lhe-jol
liaining, appienliceship)
Degiee oi IeveI allained
Nane of schooI
IncIusive dales of allendance
Oiganizalions, cIuls
iief desciiplion of iesponsiliIilies
in lhe oiganizalion
Avaids, cilalions and honois
ieceived
AcconpIishnenls
(With no work
experience)
43

Hov Iong shouId a iesune le`

Tvo pages onIy. Scieeneis viII usuaIIy nol
iead leyond lvo pages. Il is lellei lo have a
shoil iesune lhal is iead lhan a Iong one lhal
is liashed. Renenlei, lhe iesune is onIy a
liochuie. You give lhe delaiIs in lhe
inleiviev.
Whal shouId I incIude in ny peisonaI dala`

In geneiaI, avoid facls lhal nay le used lo
disciininale againsl you (such as ieIigion),
and lhose lhal do nol necessaiiIy heIp youi
appIicalion (such as inleiesls, hollies, heighl
and veighl). You nusl, of couise, incIude
lhen if lhe conpany iequiies you lo do so.
ShouId I pul ny pholo in ny iesune`

Il is lesl nol lo~unIess lhe conpany iequiies
il. Hov you Iook does nol deleinine hov you
voik. UnfoilunaleIy, scieeneis aie sonelines
infIuenced ly pholos and judge on lhe lasis of
Iooks so il is lesl nol lo piovide lhal
addilionaI delaiI.
obout the re:ume obout the re:ume obout the re:ume obout the re:ume
31 2
applications.
purpose.

121 p.
ISBN: 9789221203131;9789221203148 (web pdf)
13.02.3
3
expressed in them.
pubvente@ilo.org

about the resum
2
applications.
purpose.

121 p.
ISBN: 9789221203131;9789221203148 (web pdf)
13.02.3
3
expressed in them.
pubvente@ilo.org

44

Refeiences pIay an inpoilanl ioIe in any jol seaich.
Hovevei, nol loo nany jolseekeis knov hov lo use iefeiences
lo lheii lesl advanlage. This is lecause lhey oflen do nol knov
hov lo heIp piepaie lheii chosen iefeiences lo pIay lheii pail
veII.
The ioIe of iefeiences is quile cIeai: il is lo heIp suppoil lhe
jolseekeis appIicalion. Refeiences aie supposed lo le alIe lo
say sonelhing nice aloul lhe jolseekei! Il does nol nake sense
foi a jolseekei lo give a iefeience vho viII speak iII of
hin/hei, vho viII le a foe ialhei an aIIy in convincing lhe
polenliaI enpIoyei lo hiie lhe jolseekei.
In oidei lo do a good jol, hovevei, iefeiences nusl le
piepaied foi lheii ioIe. The foIIoving nay heIp young
jolseekeis lo use lheii iefeiences lo lhe nax:

Ask peinission fion iefeiences sulnilling
lheii nanes.
ecause iefeiences aie supposed lo say sonelhing nice
aloul lhe jolseekei, il is ciilicaI lhal
o lhey knov (ienenlei) vho you aie
o lhey knov you aie appIying, foi vhal and
vheie
o lhey knov a Iol aloul you (piovide lhen youi
iesune)
o lhey expecl lo gel a caII fion soneone lhey
donl knov.

Il is lesl lo connunicale vilh chosen iefeiences, lolh lo
ask peinission lo use lheii nanes and lo iefiesh lheii nenoiy
aloul lhe jolseekei. This nusl le done vhen lhe polenliaI
enpIoyei iequesls lhe Iisl of iefeiences fion lhe jolseekei.
Il vouId le usefuI foi jolseekeis lo piepaie key poinls lhey
vanl lo le enphasized aloul lhen. This is usefuI in heIping
iefeiences lo ienenlei lhe jolseekeis aliIilies, achievenenls,
45
and voik elhics. Iioviding iefeiences vilh lhe jolseekeis
iesune is lhe lesl vay of heIping lhen lo knov vhal lo say,
vhal lo highIighl, and vhal lhings aloul lhe jolseekei vouId
lesl suppoil lhe appIicalion.
If lhe iefeience is a foinei loss, il nay le usefuI lo ienind
hin/hei aloul peifoinance issues, such as consislenl high
ialings in peifoinance ievievs, aliIily lo neel deadIines,
ieIialiIily, liuslvoilhiness. SchooI oi cIass peifoinance vouId
Iikevise le a najoi ilen foi iefeiences Iike leacheis, guidance
counseIois, adviseis, piincipaIs, and schooI officiaIs. If lhe
iefeience is a ieIalive, faniIy nenlei oi fiiend, il is inpoilanl
lhal he/she shouId say sonelhing aloul lhe polenliaI of lhe
jolseekei as a voikei oi
enpIoyee, nol as a faniIy
ieIalion. IeisonaI liails
nusl le used as lasis foi
endoising lhe jolseekei as
an assel lo a voikpIace oi
oiganizalion.
Refeiences nusl aIso le
infoined aloul vhal jol
lhe jolseekei is appIying
foi, vilh vhal conpanies
and vheie. They viII lhus
le aIeiled lo lhe facl lhal
lhey can expecl gelling
caIIs fion peopIe lhey
donl knov. This
infoinalion viII Iessen lhe chances lhal lhey viII iefuse such
caIIs fion sliangeis.
Young jolseekeis shouId le advised nol lo incIude lheii Iisl
of iefeiences in lheii iesune. This infoinalion is nol necessaiy
al lhis eaiIy slage. IolenliaI enpIoyeis viII iequesl foi
iefeiences vhen lhey lecone ieaIIy inleiesled in lhe jolseekei.
Il is lhen line foi lhe jolseekei lo caII his/hei iefeiences foi
peinission and usefuI infoinalion.
32
44

Refeiences pIay an inpoilanl ioIe in any jol seaich.
Hovevei, nol loo nany jolseekeis knov hov lo use iefeiences
lo lheii lesl advanlage. This is lecause lhey oflen do nol knov
hov lo heIp piepaie lheii chosen iefeiences lo pIay lheii pail
veII.
The ioIe of iefeiences is quile cIeai: il is lo heIp suppoil lhe
jolseekeis appIicalion. Refeiences aie supposed lo le alIe lo
say sonelhing nice aloul lhe jolseekei! Il does nol nake sense
foi a jolseekei lo give a iefeience vho viII speak iII of
hin/hei, vho viII le a foe ialhei an aIIy in convincing lhe
polenliaI enpIoyei lo hiie lhe jolseekei.
In oidei lo do a good jol, hovevei, iefeiences nusl le
piepaied foi lheii ioIe. The foIIoving nay heIp young
jolseekeis lo use lheii iefeiences lo lhe nax:

Ask peinission fion iefeiences sulnilling
lheii nanes.
ecause iefeiences aie supposed lo say sonelhing nice
aloul lhe jolseekei, il is ciilicaI lhal
o lhey knov (ienenlei) vho you aie
o lhey knov you aie appIying, foi vhal and
vheie
o lhey knov a Iol aloul you (piovide lhen youi
iesune)
o lhey expecl lo gel a caII fion soneone lhey
donl knov.

Il is lesl lo connunicale vilh chosen iefeiences, lolh lo
ask peinission lo use lheii nanes and lo iefiesh lheii nenoiy
aloul lhe jolseekei. This nusl le done vhen lhe polenliaI
enpIoyei iequesls lhe Iisl of iefeiences fion lhe jolseekei.
Il vouId le usefuI foi jolseekeis lo piepaie key poinls lhey
vanl lo le enphasized aloul lhen. This is usefuI in heIping
iefeiences lo ienenlei lhe jolseekeis aliIilies, achievenenls,
45
and voik elhics. Iioviding iefeiences vilh lhe jolseekeis
iesune is lhe lesl vay of heIping lhen lo knov vhal lo say,
vhal lo highIighl, and vhal lhings aloul lhe jolseekei vouId
lesl suppoil lhe appIicalion.
If lhe iefeience is a foinei loss, il nay le usefuI lo ienind
hin/hei aloul peifoinance issues, such as consislenl high
ialings in peifoinance ievievs, aliIily lo neel deadIines,
ieIialiIily, liuslvoilhiness. SchooI oi cIass peifoinance vouId
Iikevise le a najoi ilen foi iefeiences Iike leacheis, guidance
counseIois, adviseis, piincipaIs, and schooI officiaIs. If lhe
iefeience is a ieIalive, faniIy nenlei oi fiiend, il is inpoilanl
lhal he/she shouId say sonelhing aloul lhe polenliaI of lhe
jolseekei as a voikei oi
enpIoyee, nol as a faniIy
ieIalion. IeisonaI liails
nusl le used as lasis foi
endoising lhe jolseekei as
an assel lo a voikpIace oi
oiganizalion.
Refeiences nusl aIso le
infoined aloul vhal jol
lhe jolseekei is appIying
foi, vilh vhal conpanies
and vheie. They viII lhus
le aIeiled lo lhe facl lhal
lhey can expecl gelling
caIIs fion peopIe lhey
donl knov. This
infoinalion viII Iessen lhe chances lhal lhey viII iefuse such
caIIs fion sliangeis.
Young jolseekeis shouId le advised nol lo incIude lheii Iisl
of iefeiences in lheii iesune. This infoinalion is nol necessaiy
al lhis eaiIy slage. IolenliaI enpIoyeis viII iequesl foi
iefeiences vhen lhey lecone ieaIIy inleiesled in lhe jolseekei.
Il is lhen line foi lhe jolseekei lo caII his/hei iefeiences foi
peinission and usefuI infoinalion.
33 2
applications.
purpose.

121 p.
ISBN: 9789221203131;9789221203148 (web pdf)
13.02.3
3
expressed in them.
pubvente@ilo.org

2
applications.
purpose.

121 p.
ISBN: 9789221203131;9789221203148 (web pdf)
13.02.3
3
expressed in them.
pubvente@ilo.org

46
Thc Cnvcr Lcttcr

The iesune is usuaIIy acconpanied ly a covei Iellei. Il is
in lhe covei Iellei lhal lhe jolseekei slales vhal he/she is
Iooking foi (jol laigel). The covei Iellei shouId aIso cIeaiIy
shov vhal lhe appIicalion is foi, especiaIIy if lhe iesune is
leing sulnilled in iesponse lo an adveilisenenl oi lo peisonaI
iefeiiaI.

The covei Iellei shouId conlain:

Dale
Addiessee: lo vhon you aie sending youi iesune
(usuaIIy specified in lhe jol ad oi ly lhe peison vho
iefeiied you)
Refeience: delaiIs of youi souice of infoinalion
(exanpIe: if adveilised - souice, dale, posilion
adveilised, iefeience nunlei, if any)
}ol Taigel: a senlence expIaining vhal jol you aie
laigeling
Youi avaiIaliIily foi inleiviev oi slail dale
Youi conlacl delaiIs (IandIine, noliIe, enaiI addiess)
Youi signaluie

47

The jol seaich piocess legins vilh finding oul vheie and
hov lo Iook foi jol openings. Young jolseekeis oflen do nol
knov vheie lo legin, and lhis Iack of knovIedge of lhe piocess
oflen Ieads lhen lo lhe viong luins and lhe Ioss of piecious
line. They shouId lhus le given guidance on hov lo legin
lheii seaich foi lheii nev jol.
Theie aie geneiaIIy
lvo vays lo Iook foi a
jol: lhe adveilised jol
naikel and lhe hidden
jol naikel. Lach has a
veaIlh of infoinalion lo
offei, vilh vaiying
usefuIness.

The adveilised jol naikel

This is lhe noie connonIy-used slailing poinl foi
jolseekeis, depending on lhe skiIIs foi infoinalion-seeking lhal
lhey possess. Calegoiized undei lhe adveilised jol naikel aie:
cIassified ads (nevspapeis, jouinaIs, nagazines, and
olhei piinl nedia)
enpIoynenl agencies and seaich fiins
inleinel (jol seaich, enpIoynenl, enliepieneuiship,
fianchising, and conpany velsiles, elc.)
jol faiis
shop vindovs, pulIic pIaces, connunily liIIloaids
leIevision, iadio

K Kn no ow wi in ng g w wh he er re e & & h ho ow w t to o l lo oo ok k
34
46
Thc Cnvcr Lcttcr

The iesune is usuaIIy acconpanied ly a covei Iellei. Il is
in lhe covei Iellei lhal lhe jolseekei slales vhal he/she is
Iooking foi (jol laigel). The covei Iellei shouId aIso cIeaiIy
shov vhal lhe appIicalion is foi, especiaIIy if lhe iesune is
leing sulnilled in iesponse lo an adveilisenenl oi lo peisonaI
iefeiiaI.

The covei Iellei shouId conlain:

Dale
Addiessee: lo vhon you aie sending youi iesune
(usuaIIy specified in lhe jol ad oi ly lhe peison vho
iefeiied you)
Refeience: delaiIs of youi souice of infoinalion
(exanpIe: if adveilised - souice, dale, posilion
adveilised, iefeience nunlei, if any)
}ol Taigel: a senlence expIaining vhal jol you aie
laigeling
Youi avaiIaliIily foi inleiviev oi slail dale
Youi conlacl delaiIs (IandIine, noliIe, enaiI addiess)
Youi signaluie

47

The jol seaich piocess legins vilh finding oul vheie and
hov lo Iook foi jol openings. Young jolseekeis oflen do nol
knov vheie lo legin, and lhis Iack of knovIedge of lhe piocess
oflen Ieads lhen lo lhe viong luins and lhe Ioss of piecious
line. They shouId lhus le given guidance on hov lo legin
lheii seaich foi lheii nev jol.
Theie aie geneiaIIy
lvo vays lo Iook foi a
jol: lhe adveilised jol
naikel and lhe hidden
jol naikel. Lach has a
veaIlh of infoinalion lo
offei, vilh vaiying
usefuIness.

The adveilised jol naikel

This is lhe noie connonIy-used slailing poinl foi
jolseekeis, depending on lhe skiIIs foi infoinalion-seeking lhal
lhey possess. Calegoiized undei lhe adveilised jol naikel aie:
cIassified ads (nevspapeis, jouinaIs, nagazines, and
olhei piinl nedia)
enpIoynenl agencies and seaich fiins
inleinel (jol seaich, enpIoynenl, enliepieneuiship,
fianchising, and conpany velsiles, elc.)
jol faiis
shop vindovs, pulIic pIaces, connunily liIIloaids
leIevision, iadio

K Kn no ow wi in ng g w wh he er re e & & h ho ow w t to o l lo oo ok k
35 2
applications.
purpose.

121 p.
ISBN: 9789221203131;9789221203148 (web pdf)
13.02.3
3
expressed in them.
pubvente@ilo.org

2
applications.
purpose.

121 p.
ISBN: 9789221203131;9789221203148 (web pdf)
13.02.3
3
expressed in them.
pubvente@ilo.org

48
Aside fion lhese, lheie aie goveinnenl agencies lhal have
ieadiIy avaiIalIe infoinalion on jols. The IulIic LnpIoynenl
Seivice Office (ILSO) Iocaled slialegicaIIy lhioughoul lhe
counliy (visil lheii velsile foi Iislings) piovides invaIualIe
seivice lo jolseekeis. Il has a liack iecoid in heIping connecl
jolseekeis vilh conpanies Iooking foi peopIe, and has leen
insliunenlaI in pIacing nany jolseekeis in lheii jols.
Theie aie aIso nany non-goveinnenl agencies lhal aie
conceined vilh heIping young jolseekeis in lheii jol seaich.
Seaich engines such as googIe.con piovide usefuI Iinks lo
lhese oiganizalions.

IoIIoving aie heIpfuI lips lhal counseIois can offei vhen
advising young jolseekeis on vheie and hov lo Iook:

e aIeil and olseivanl of any and aII happenings and
changes in lheii suiioundings. Is lheie a nev lusiness
leing eslalIished in lhe slieel coinei` Is lheie a jol faii
in lhe naII` Is lheie a vanled sign in lhe pIace vheie
one is having Iunch`
e cuiious and donl le shy lo ask aiound.
Look up lhe Ialesl nevs aloul jols in geneiaI and youi
indusliy in pailicuIai.

The hidden jol naikel

The hidden jol naikel is a conlinalion of vhal you knov
and vho you knov. This is caIIed lhe
jolseekeis nelvoik. Il is nade up of
fiiends and , fiiends of fiiends,
ieIalives, co-voikeis, neighlois,
leacheis, inleiesl gioups, chuich
connunily, spoils cIul. }olseekeis
nusl le encouiaged lo cone oul vilh
lheii ovn nelvoik Iisl lhal can le
lapped in lheii jol seaich.
The hidden jol naikel opeiales on lhe pienise lhal lheie
aie conpanies lhal vanl lo Iook foi peopIe lhiough lheii ovn
nelvoiks. They piefei lhis lecause lhose vho viII le iefeiied

49
lo lhen aie aIieady knovn lo peopIe lhey knov, and lhis nay
significanlIy shoil cul lhe seIeclion piocess.
So hov do jolseekeis gel lo find oul aloul hidden jols`
The piinaiy piocess is lhiough nelvoiking.
The foIIoving nay heIp jolseekeis in lapping lheii nosl
inpoilanl iesouice, lheii nelvoik.
egin nelvoiking vilh lhose you knov lesl - faniIy,
fiiends, co-voikeis.
DeveIop youi conlacl Iisl (nane, jol/posilion,
oiganizalion, addiess, conlacl nunlei).
LslalIish and nuiluie youi conlacls.
Cel lo knov peopIe in youi fieId.
AIIov lhen lo knov you - youi skiIIs, expeiiences,
inleiesls, elc. (ienenlei youi sciipl`)
Ask foi addilionaI conlacls foi youi nelvoik.
Cive copies of youi iesune lo youi nelvoik.
Keep in louch vilh youi nelvoik ieguIaiIy even aflei
you find a jol.
Reluin lhe favoi ly passing heIpfuI infoinalion lo
olheis.
Thank youi conlacl/s vho heIped you find a jol.

Il nay le said lhal in lhe adveilised jol naikel, il is lhe
jolseekei vho is Iooking foi lhe enpIoyei, vhiIe in lhe hidden
jol naikel, il is lhe enpIoyei vho is Iooking foi lhe jolseekei.
The adveilised jol naikel is veiy conpelilive. Lveiyday HR
peopIe aie svanped vilh iesunes in iesponse lo an
adveilisenenl lheii conpany has pul oul. This neans lhal a
jolseekeis iesune nusl sland oul in oidei lo le noliced.
Infoinalion in lhis naikel is easiIy accessilIe. Hovevei, il nusl
aIso le noled lhal onIy a fiaclion of jols aie acluaIIy adveilised.
Il is said lhal 8O of aII posilions aie fiIIed vilhoul
enpIoyei adveilising. This nakes lhe hidden jol naikel a
piefeiied pIace lo slail Iooking. Inagine ansveiing an ad vheie
lhe jolseekei conpeles vilh
vho knovs hov nany
appIicanls. In anolhei scenaiio,
lhe sane jolseekei, acling on
lhe lip of a fiiend aloul a jol

36
48
Aside fion lhese, lheie aie goveinnenl agencies lhal have
ieadiIy avaiIalIe infoinalion on jols. The IulIic LnpIoynenl
Seivice Office (ILSO) Iocaled slialegicaIIy lhioughoul lhe
counliy (visil lheii velsile foi Iislings) piovides invaIualIe
seivice lo jolseekeis. Il has a liack iecoid in heIping connecl
jolseekeis vilh conpanies Iooking foi peopIe, and has leen
insliunenlaI in pIacing nany jolseekeis in lheii jols.
Theie aie aIso nany non-goveinnenl agencies lhal aie
conceined vilh heIping young jolseekeis in lheii jol seaich.
Seaich engines such as googIe.con piovide usefuI Iinks lo
lhese oiganizalions.

IoIIoving aie heIpfuI lips lhal counseIois can offei vhen
advising young jolseekeis on vheie and hov lo Iook:

e aIeil and olseivanl of any and aII happenings and
changes in lheii suiioundings. Is lheie a nev lusiness
leing eslalIished in lhe slieel coinei` Is lheie a jol faii
in lhe naII` Is lheie a vanled sign in lhe pIace vheie
one is having Iunch`
e cuiious and donl le shy lo ask aiound.
Look up lhe Ialesl nevs aloul jols in geneiaI and youi
indusliy in pailicuIai.

The hidden jol naikel

The hidden jol naikel is a conlinalion of vhal you knov
and vho you knov. This is caIIed lhe
jolseekeis nelvoik. Il is nade up of
fiiends and , fiiends of fiiends,
ieIalives, co-voikeis, neighlois,
leacheis, inleiesl gioups, chuich
connunily, spoils cIul. }olseekeis
nusl le encouiaged lo cone oul vilh
lheii ovn nelvoik Iisl lhal can le
lapped in lheii jol seaich.
The hidden jol naikel opeiales on lhe pienise lhal lheie
aie conpanies lhal vanl lo Iook foi peopIe lhiough lheii ovn
nelvoiks. They piefei lhis lecause lhose vho viII le iefeiied

49
lo lhen aie aIieady knovn lo peopIe lhey knov, and lhis nay
significanlIy shoil cul lhe seIeclion piocess.
So hov do jolseekeis gel lo find oul aloul hidden jols`
The piinaiy piocess is lhiough nelvoiking.
The foIIoving nay heIp jolseekeis in lapping lheii nosl
inpoilanl iesouice, lheii nelvoik.
egin nelvoiking vilh lhose you knov lesl - faniIy,
fiiends, co-voikeis.
DeveIop youi conlacl Iisl (nane, jol/posilion,
oiganizalion, addiess, conlacl nunlei).
LslalIish and nuiluie youi conlacls.
Cel lo knov peopIe in youi fieId.
AIIov lhen lo knov you - youi skiIIs, expeiiences,
inleiesls, elc. (ienenlei youi sciipl`)
Ask foi addilionaI conlacls foi youi nelvoik.
Cive copies of youi iesune lo youi nelvoik.
Keep in louch vilh youi nelvoik ieguIaiIy even aflei
you find a jol.
Reluin lhe favoi ly passing heIpfuI infoinalion lo
olheis.
Thank youi conlacl/s vho heIped you find a jol.

Il nay le said lhal in lhe adveilised jol naikel, il is lhe
jolseekei vho is Iooking foi lhe enpIoyei, vhiIe in lhe hidden
jol naikel, il is lhe enpIoyei vho is Iooking foi lhe jolseekei.
The adveilised jol naikel is veiy conpelilive. Lveiyday HR
peopIe aie svanped vilh iesunes in iesponse lo an
adveilisenenl lheii conpany has pul oul. This neans lhal a
jolseekeis iesune nusl sland oul in oidei lo le noliced.
Infoinalion in lhis naikel is easiIy accessilIe. Hovevei, il nusl
aIso le noled lhal onIy a fiaclion of jols aie acluaIIy adveilised.
Il is said lhal 8O of aII posilions aie fiIIed vilhoul
enpIoyei adveilising. This nakes lhe hidden jol naikel a
piefeiied pIace lo slail Iooking. Inagine ansveiing an ad vheie
lhe jolseekei conpeles vilh
vho knovs hov nany
appIicanls. In anolhei scenaiio,
lhe sane jolseekei, acling on
lhe lip of a fiiend aloul a jol

37 2
applications.
purpose.

121 p.
ISBN: 9789221203131;9789221203148 (web pdf)
13.02.3
3
expressed in them.
pubvente@ilo.org

2
applications.
purpose.

121 p.
ISBN: 9789221203131;9789221203148 (web pdf)
13.02.3
3
expressed in them.
pubvente@ilo.org

50
opening in lhe conpany, is inlioduced diieclIy lo lhe hiiing
nanagei ly lhe fiiend, conpIele vilh a good void oi lvo
aloul hin/hei. Il is olvious vhich piocess lakes Iongei and is
geneiaIIy noie sliessfuI.
Nelvoiking has leen found lo have a 7O-8O efficiency
iale. Whal lhis neans, lhen, is lhal jolseekeis nusl spend noie
of lheii line nelvoiking lhan, say, Iooking al lhe cIassified ads.
They nusl aIso use aII lhe possilIe neans: cIassified ads,
inleinel, shop vindovs~lhe voiks!

Looking foi a jol is nol lhe sane as Iooking foi jusl any jol.
Thals vhy il is inpoilanl lo heIp jolseekeis undeisland lhe
diffeience so lhal lhey viII sliive lo find oul aII lhey can aloul
lhe conpany and lhe jol il is liying lo fiII.
}olseekeis nusl le advised lo keep lheii piefeiied voik
condilions aIvays in nind lecause il is lhese vhich viII heIp
deleinine vhelhei lhey viII fil in lhe nev enviionnenl oi nol.
This is lhe fiisl ieason vhy jolseekeis shouId ieseaich. They
need lo knov vhelhei lhe conpany viII nalch vhal lheyie
Iooking foi. They aIso need
indicalois lhal lhey viII fil lhe
ioIe lhal lhey aie appIying foi.
}olseekeis aIso need lo
ieseaich lecause il Iels lhe
conpany knov lhal lhey aie
inleiesled enough lo
undeisland vhal lhe conpany
is, ils cuIluie, ils iequiienenls,
noins, and vaIues.

What tn rcscarch

Infoinalion is an inpoilanl conponenl of jol seaich and
jolseekeis nusl spend line seeking vhal lhey need lo knov.
They need lo ieseaich on lhe foIIoving:

51
The ]ob market: Whal does lhe enpIoynenl picluie Iook
Iike` Hov nuch in denand aie lheii skiIIs and expeiience`
|le|d and lndustr: Whal aie lhe cuiienl enpIoynenl
liends in lheii fieId` Whal kinds of skiIIs aie conpanies
Iooking foi`
The coman: Does il nalch vhal lhey aie Iooking foi`
Whal is lhe conpany cuIluie Iike` Ils voikfoice` Ils
oiganizalionaI cIinale`
The ]ob: Whal is lhe posilion` Whal does il iequiie` WiII
lhe jolseekei fil` WiII lhe jol fil hin/hei`
The ]obseeker: Civen vhal lhe jolseekei has ieseaiched,
vhal olhei skiIIs does he/she have lo acquiie lo le
conpelilive`

Whcrc tn rcscarch

Theie aie nany pIaces lo Iook. Conpuleiizalion has pul
infoinalion viiluaIIy al oui fingeilips. Il nay le said lhal Iack
of knov-hov in lhis aiea is a lig disadvanlage foi lhose vho
aie unalIe lo lap inlo lhis iesouice.
Renenleiing lhal nelvoiking ienains lhe nosl effeclive
jol seaich looI, jolseekeis shouId nol feeI lolaIIy paiaIyzed if
lhey do nol have eilhei lhe skiIIs oi lhe access lo conpuleis.
Hovevei, young jolseekeis nusl voik lovaid acquiiing skiIIs
in lhis aiea lecause lhe fuluie viII le incieasingIy difficuIl if
lhey ienain ignoianl of lechnoIogy. Theii conpelilive edge
viII le conlinuaIIy chaIIenged in a voiId lhal is incieasingIy
dependenl on lhe conpulei foi doing lusiness.
Wheie lo ieseaich` IoIIoving aie
sone pIaces lo go lo:

* Coveinnenl velsiles
* Conpany velsiles - nanagenenl,
financiaIs, sliucluie, pioducls, conpany
evenls (nevsIellei), connunily invoIvenenls
* Nevspapei and nagazine viile-ups, jouinaI ailicIes, olhei
piinl nedia
* TeIevision, iadio

38
50
opening in lhe conpany, is inlioduced diieclIy lo lhe hiiing
nanagei ly lhe fiiend, conpIele vilh a good void oi lvo
aloul hin/hei. Il is olvious vhich piocess lakes Iongei and is
geneiaIIy noie sliessfuI.
Nelvoiking has leen found lo have a 7O-8O efficiency
iale. Whal lhis neans, lhen, is lhal jolseekeis nusl spend noie
of lheii line nelvoiking lhan, say, Iooking al lhe cIassified ads.
They nusl aIso use aII lhe possilIe neans: cIassified ads,
inleinel, shop vindovs~lhe voiks!

Looking foi a jol is nol lhe sane as Iooking foi jusl any jol.
Thals vhy il is inpoilanl lo heIp jolseekeis undeisland lhe
diffeience so lhal lhey viII sliive lo find oul aII lhey can aloul
lhe conpany and lhe jol il is liying lo fiII.
}olseekeis nusl le advised lo keep lheii piefeiied voik
condilions aIvays in nind lecause il is lhese vhich viII heIp
deleinine vhelhei lhey viII fil in lhe nev enviionnenl oi nol.
This is lhe fiisl ieason vhy jolseekeis shouId ieseaich. They
need lo knov vhelhei lhe conpany viII nalch vhal lheyie
Iooking foi. They aIso need
indicalois lhal lhey viII fil lhe
ioIe lhal lhey aie appIying foi.
}olseekeis aIso need lo
ieseaich lecause il Iels lhe
conpany knov lhal lhey aie
inleiesled enough lo
undeisland vhal lhe conpany
is, ils cuIluie, ils iequiienenls,
noins, and vaIues.

What tn rcscarch

Infoinalion is an inpoilanl conponenl of jol seaich and
jolseekeis nusl spend line seeking vhal lhey need lo knov.
They need lo ieseaich on lhe foIIoving:

51
The ]ob market: Whal does lhe enpIoynenl picluie Iook
Iike` Hov nuch in denand aie lheii skiIIs and expeiience`
|le|d and lndustr: Whal aie lhe cuiienl enpIoynenl
liends in lheii fieId` Whal kinds of skiIIs aie conpanies
Iooking foi`
The coman: Does il nalch vhal lhey aie Iooking foi`
Whal is lhe conpany cuIluie Iike` Ils voikfoice` Ils
oiganizalionaI cIinale`
The ]ob: Whal is lhe posilion` Whal does il iequiie` WiII
lhe jolseekei fil` WiII lhe jol fil hin/hei`
The ]obseeker: Civen vhal lhe jolseekei has ieseaiched,
vhal olhei skiIIs does he/she have lo acquiie lo le
conpelilive`

Whcrc tn rcscarch

Theie aie nany pIaces lo Iook. Conpuleiizalion has pul
infoinalion viiluaIIy al oui fingeilips. Il nay le said lhal Iack
of knov-hov in lhis aiea is a lig disadvanlage foi lhose vho
aie unalIe lo lap inlo lhis iesouice.
Renenleiing lhal nelvoiking ienains lhe nosl effeclive
jol seaich looI, jolseekeis shouId nol feeI lolaIIy paiaIyzed if
lhey do nol have eilhei lhe skiIIs oi lhe access lo conpuleis.
Hovevei, young jolseekeis nusl voik lovaid acquiiing skiIIs
in lhis aiea lecause lhe fuluie viII le incieasingIy difficuIl if
lhey ienain ignoianl of lechnoIogy. Theii conpelilive edge
viII le conlinuaIIy chaIIenged in a voiId lhal is incieasingIy
dependenl on lhe conpulei foi doing lusiness.
Wheie lo ieseaich` IoIIoving aie
sone pIaces lo go lo:

* Coveinnenl velsiles
* Conpany velsiles - nanagenenl,
financiaIs, sliucluie, pioducls, conpany
evenls (nevsIellei), connunily invoIvenenls
* Nevspapei and nagazine viile-ups, jouinaI ailicIes, olhei
piinl nedia
* TeIevision, iadio

39 2
applications.
purpose.

121 p.
ISBN: 9789221203131;9789221203148 (web pdf)
13.02.3
3
expressed in them.
pubvente@ilo.org

2
applications.
purpose.

121 p.
ISBN: 9789221203131;9789221203148 (web pdf)
13.02.3
3
expressed in them.
pubvente@ilo.org

52
* }ol seaich engines - vhal jol openings aie conpanies
adveilising foi`
* IeisonaI nelvoiks
Alove aII, jolseekeis nusl le encouiaged lo le olseivanl
and aIeil lo anylhing in lhe enviionnenl lhal is even
langenliaIIy ieIaled lo lheii jol seaich. }ol Ieads can cone in
lhe nosl unexpecled pIaces, in odd foins and shapes, and
fion lhe nosl unIikeIy encounleis.

}olseekeis nusl le advised aloul lhe exislence of lhe
IulIic LnpIoynenl Seivice Office (ILSO) vhich is a vilaI pail
of lhe seivices avaiIalIe lo jolseekeis, young and oId aIike.

IulIic LnpIoynenl Seivice Office

a non-fee chaiging nuIli-enpIoynenl
seivice faciIily of lhe uieau of LocaI
LnpIoynenl, Depailnenl of Laloi and
LnpIoynenl
53
Ovcrscas Emp!nymcnt

One of lhe lesl pieces of advice lhal counseIois can give lo
young jolseekeis aloul oveiseas enpIoynenl is lhal lhey
shouId knov hov lo use lhe iesouices and seivices avaiIalIe lo
lhen. Theie aie enough sloiies of liagic expeiiences vilh
iIIegaI ieciuilnenl, non-paynenl of conliacled conpensalion,
vioIalions of leins of enpIoynenl, aluse, and aII kinds of
fiaud ieIaled lo oveiseas enpIoynenl. A Iol of lhese
unfoilunale silualions can le avoided if young jolseekeis aie
advised piopeiIy on lhe Iegilinacy of enlilies and peisons lhey
choose lo deaI vilh in lheii seaich foi jols alioad.
The IhiIippine Oveiseas LnpIoynenl Adninislialion
(IOLA) is an inpoilanl souice of heIp. Ils velsile is an
exceIIenl one-slop shop foi anyone seeking infoinalion. Il
incIudes vilaI infoinalion such as a Iisling of duIy-iegisleied
ieciuilnenl agencies, visa iequiienenls of lhe counliy leing
laigeled, and lips on hov lo use lhe inleinel foi seaiching foi
jols alioad. Il aIso conlains quick slalislics on oveiseas
enpIoynenl and easy-lo-iead ailicIes on undeislanding lhe
cuIluie of lhe laigel counliy and olhei suljecls of inleiesl lo
jolseekeis of oveiseas jols.
Vour one-:to :|te for o|| the
|nformot|on you need:
/ff//g// /ff//g// /ff//g// /ff//g//
40
52
* }ol seaich engines - vhal jol openings aie conpanies
adveilising foi`
* IeisonaI nelvoiks
Alove aII, jolseekeis nusl le encouiaged lo le olseivanl
and aIeil lo anylhing in lhe enviionnenl lhal is even
langenliaIIy ieIaled lo lheii jol seaich. }ol Ieads can cone in
lhe nosl unexpecled pIaces, in odd foins and shapes, and
fion lhe nosl unIikeIy encounleis.

}olseekeis nusl le advised aloul lhe exislence of lhe
IulIic LnpIoynenl Seivice Office (ILSO) vhich is a vilaI pail
of lhe seivices avaiIalIe lo jolseekeis, young and oId aIike.

IulIic LnpIoynenl Seivice Office

a non-fee chaiging nuIli-enpIoynenl
seivice faciIily of lhe uieau of LocaI
LnpIoynenl, Depailnenl of Laloi and
LnpIoynenl
53
Ovcrscas Emp!nymcnt

One of lhe lesl pieces of advice lhal counseIois can give lo
young jolseekeis aloul oveiseas enpIoynenl is lhal lhey
shouId knov hov lo use lhe iesouices and seivices avaiIalIe lo
lhen. Theie aie enough sloiies of liagic expeiiences vilh
iIIegaI ieciuilnenl, non-paynenl of conliacled conpensalion,
vioIalions of leins of enpIoynenl, aluse, and aII kinds of
fiaud ieIaled lo oveiseas enpIoynenl. A Iol of lhese
unfoilunale silualions can le avoided if young jolseekeis aie
advised piopeiIy on lhe Iegilinacy of enlilies and peisons lhey
choose lo deaI vilh in lheii seaich foi jols alioad.
The IhiIippine Oveiseas LnpIoynenl Adninislialion
(IOLA) is an inpoilanl souice of heIp. Ils velsile is an
exceIIenl one-slop shop foi anyone seeking infoinalion. Il
incIudes vilaI infoinalion such as a Iisling of duIy-iegisleied
ieciuilnenl agencies, visa iequiienenls of lhe counliy leing
laigeled, and lips on hov lo use lhe inleinel foi seaiching foi
jols alioad. Il aIso conlains quick slalislics on oveiseas
enpIoynenl and easy-lo-iead ailicIes on undeislanding lhe
cuIluie of lhe laigel counliy and olhei suljecls of inleiesl lo
jolseekeis of oveiseas jols.
Vour one-:to :|te for o|| the
|nformot|on you need:
/ff//g// /ff//g// /ff//g// /ff//g//
41 2
applications.
purpose.

121 p.
ISBN: 9789221203131;9789221203148 (web pdf)
13.02.3
3
expressed in them.
pubvente@ilo.org

2
applications.
purpose.

121 p.
ISBN: 9789221203131;9789221203148 (web pdf)
13.02.3
3
expressed in them.
pubvente@ilo.org

54
CounseIois nusl conlinuaIIy chaIIenge young jolseekeis lo
use lhe Nel foi expIoiing jol oppoilunilies. This does nol onIy
ensuie lhal lhey gain pioficiency in lhe use of conpuleis
(adding lhis lo lheii laskel of conpelencies), lul lhal lhey aie
enpoveied lo lake fuII iesponsiliIily foi lheii jol seaich. Il is
nol unconnon foi young jolseekeis lo leIieve lhal lhey can
voik oveiseas foi lhe sinpIe ieason lhal a ieIalive oi fiiend is
voiking alioad. Lven as lhey diean of a siniIai scenaiio foi
lhenseIves, lhey can, al lhe sane line, le so lolaIIy dependenl
on lhal ieIalive oi fiiend lhal lhey liansfei aII iesponsiliIily lo
lhal peison. Young jolseekeis nusl knov lhal Iooking foi a jol
is piinaiiIy lheii concein and lhal olheis aie lheie lo suppoil
and cheei lhen on, lul lhal no one can lake ovei lheii jol
seaich.

55

Il has leen said lhal lhe oljeclive of a iesune is lo gel an
inleiviev. This is vheie lhe conpany iepiesenlalive gels lo
neel lhe appIicanl and liies lo find oul his/hei suilaliIily foi
lhe posilion leing fiIIed.
Considei lhese scenaiios.

Inleivievei: So you aie appIying foi LdiloiiaI
Assislanl in oui LifeslyIe seclion. Whal do you lhink of oui
page Iayoul`
Inleivievee: I an soiiy, sii, lul I have nol seen youi
seclion yel.

Inleivievei: Whal do you lhink of oui liands as
conpaied vilh oui conpelilois pioducls`
Inleivievee: Whal aie youi pioducls, sii`

Do you lhink lhese inleivievees viII gel lhe jol` No vay!
Inleivievees viII haidIy le inpiessed ly appIicanls vho do
nol do lheii honevoik.
Inleivievs oflen scaie young jolseekeis oul of lheii vils.
They nay have sliuggIed lhiough ciealing lheii iesunes and
sending lhen oul, lul lhe nolice of an inleiviev sends panic
lingIing lhiough lheii neives. This panic is undoulledIy
aggiavaled if lhe jolseekei has nol done appiopiiale ieseaich
on lhe conpany vheie he/she is appIying.
WhiIe lhis enolionaI slale is noinaI, il is easy lo oveicone
lhe anxiely once young jolseekeis undeisland vhal inleivievs
aie aII aloul.
Considei lhe foIIoving ailicIe vhich appeaied in
nylialaho.con foi ils Oclolei 9, 2OO6 My Tialaho Advice
seclion:

42
54
CounseIois nusl conlinuaIIy chaIIenge young jolseekeis lo
use lhe Nel foi expIoiing jol oppoilunilies. This does nol onIy
ensuie lhal lhey gain pioficiency in lhe use of conpuleis
(adding lhis lo lheii laskel of conpelencies), lul lhal lhey aie
enpoveied lo lake fuII iesponsiliIily foi lheii jol seaich. Il is
nol unconnon foi young jolseekeis lo leIieve lhal lhey can
voik oveiseas foi lhe sinpIe ieason lhal a ieIalive oi fiiend is
voiking alioad. Lven as lhey diean of a siniIai scenaiio foi
lhenseIves, lhey can, al lhe sane line, le so lolaIIy dependenl
on lhal ieIalive oi fiiend lhal lhey liansfei aII iesponsiliIily lo
lhal peison. Young jolseekeis nusl knov lhal Iooking foi a jol
is piinaiiIy lheii concein and lhal olheis aie lheie lo suppoil
and cheei lhen on, lul lhal no one can lake ovei lheii jol
seaich.

55

Il has leen said lhal lhe oljeclive of a iesune is lo gel an
inleiviev. This is vheie lhe conpany iepiesenlalive gels lo
neel lhe appIicanl and liies lo find oul his/hei suilaliIily foi
lhe posilion leing fiIIed.
Considei lhese scenaiios.

Inleivievei: So you aie appIying foi LdiloiiaI
Assislanl in oui LifeslyIe seclion. Whal do you lhink of oui
page Iayoul`
Inleivievee: I an soiiy, sii, lul I have nol seen youi
seclion yel.

Inleivievei: Whal do you lhink of oui liands as
conpaied vilh oui conpelilois pioducls`
Inleivievee: Whal aie youi pioducls, sii`

Do you lhink lhese inleivievees viII gel lhe jol` No vay!
Inleivievees viII haidIy le inpiessed ly appIicanls vho do
nol do lheii honevoik.
Inleivievs oflen scaie young jolseekeis oul of lheii vils.
They nay have sliuggIed lhiough ciealing lheii iesunes and
sending lhen oul, lul lhe nolice of an inleiviev sends panic
lingIing lhiough lheii neives. This panic is undoulledIy
aggiavaled if lhe jolseekei has nol done appiopiiale ieseaich
on lhe conpany vheie he/she is appIying.
WhiIe lhis enolionaI slale is noinaI, il is easy lo oveicone
lhe anxiely once young jolseekeis undeisland vhal inleivievs
aie aII aloul.
Considei lhe foIIoving ailicIe vhich appeaied in
nylialaho.con foi ils Oclolei 9, 2OO6 My Tialaho Advice
seclion:

43 2
applications.
purpose.

121 p.
ISBN: 9789221203131;9789221203148 (web pdf)
13.02.3
3
expressed in them.
pubvente@ilo.org

2
applications.
purpose.

121 p.
ISBN: 9789221203131;9789221203148 (web pdf)
13.02.3
3
expressed in them.
pubvente@ilo.org

44
What are the common questions that interviewers ask?
by Loree Cruz-Mante
Downloaded from mytrabaho.com, MyTrabaho Advice, October 2006
WHAT are the common questions that interviewers ask? And
what would be the answers for them? For example, how should I
answer the following questions: 1) How are you going to handle
stress or pressure? 2) Why should we hire you? 3) Why do you want
to work in this company? 4) What can you contribute in this
company? 5) What are your weaknesses? Please help me. Chel

The questions asked by an interviewer will all depend on the type
of interview being conducted. There are generally two types of
interviews: the screening interview and the hiring interview. The
objective of the screening interview is to come up with a short list of
candidates worth pursuing. The hiring interview, on the other hand,
assumes that the applicant has already made the mark and is now
seriously being considered for a job offer. It may be a fnal check before
the job offer or the meeting during which the offer is made.
The questions asked during both interview types are generally
meant to help the interviewer answer three questions:

1) Can the applicant do the job?
What skills does he/she have
to perform the required
tasks?
2) Is the applicant interested
and motivated to do the job?
Will he/she do it well?
3) Does the applicant ft in the
organization? Will he/she ft
the organizations culture
and adhere to its work norms
and values?
It is not enough that an applicant has the skills to perform the job
(can do), he/she must also have the motivation to do it (will do). The
most important thing is that there is a ft between the applicant and
56
lna| arc |nc ccnncn qucs|icns |na| in|crticucrs as|?
oq |crcc Cruz-Man|c
Dcun|cadcd frcn nq|raoanc.ccn, MqTraoanc Adticc, Oc|cocr 2006
lHAT arc |nc ccnncn qucs|icns |na| in|crticucrs as|? And

una| ucu|d oc |nc ansucrs fcr |ncn? |cr cxanp|c, ncu sncu|d |
ansucr |nc fc||cuing qucs|icns. 1) Hcu arc qcu gcing |c nand|c
s|rcss cr prcssurc? 2) lnq sncu|d uc nirc qcu? 3) lnq dc qcu uan|
|c ucr| in |nis ccnpanq? 4) lna| can qcu ccn|riou|c in |nis
ccnpanq? 5) lna| arc qcur uca|ncsscs? P|casc nc|p nc. - Cnc|

Tnc qucs|icns as|cd oq an in|crticucr ui|| a|| dcpcnd cn |nc |qpc
cf in|crticu ocing ccnduc|cd. Tncrc arc gcncra||q |uc |qpcs cf
in|crticus. |nc scrccning in|crticu and |nc niring in|crticu. Tnc
cojcc|itc cf |nc scrccning in|crticu is |c ccnc up ui|n a sncr| |is| cf
candida|cs ucr|n pursuing. Tnc niring in|crticu, cn |nc c|ncr nand,
assuncs |na| |nc app|ican| nas a|rcadq nadc |nc nar| and is ncu
scricus|q ocing ccnsidcrcd fcr a jco cffcr. || naq oc a fina| cncc| ocfcrc
|nc jco cffcr cr |nc ncc|ing during unicn |nc cffcr is nadc.
Tnc qucs|icns as|cd during oc|n in|crticu |qpcs arc gcncra||q
ncan| |c nc|p |nc in|crticucr ansucr |nrcc qucs|icns.

1) Can |nc app|ican| dc |nc jco?
lna| s|i||s dccs nc/snc natc
|c pcrfcrn |nc rcquircd
|as|s?

2) |s |nc app|ican| in|crcs|cd
and nc|ita|cd |c dc |nc jco?
li|| nc/snc dc i| uc||?

3) Dccs |nc app|ican| fi| in |nc
crganiza|icn? li|| nc/snc fi|
|nc crganiza|icns cu||urc
and adncrc |c i|s ucr| ncrns
and ta|ucs?

|| is nc| cncugn |na| an app|ican| nas |nc s|i||s |c pcrfcrn |nc jco
(can dc), nc/snc nus| a|sc natc |nc nc|ita|icn |c dc i| (ui|| dc). Tnc
ncs| inpcr|an| |ning is |na| |ncrc is a fi| oc|uccn |nc app|ican| and

57
|nc crganiza|icn. Tnis incrcascs |nc |i|c|inccd |na| |nc app|ican| can
and ui|| dc |nc jco if nircd occausc |nc ucr| cntircnncn| nc|ita|cs
nin/ncr |c pcrfcrn a| pca| |ctc|s.

Hcrc arc scnc |ips |c nc|p qcu.

Antlclate the questlons. Gcncric qucs|icns sucn as Can
qcu |c|| nc aocu| qcursc|f? cr lnq sncu|d uc nirc qcu? can oc
fcund in anq jco scarcn-rc|a|cd ucosi|c. 8u| asidc frcn |ncsc, qcu
sncu|d drau up qcur cun |is| cf pcssio|c qucs|icns. Tncsc qucs|icns
naq oc rc|a|cd |c unc qcu arc and una| qcu can dc fcr qcur pc|cn|ia|
cnp|cqcr. Rcncnocr |na| qcu arc sc||ing qcur sui|aoi|i|q fcr |nc jco,
and |na| prcccss ocgins ui|n |ncuing qcur prcduc|. YOU! Qucs|icns
naq a|sc oc aocu| |nc ccnpanq, i|s prcduc|s, i|s nissicn, |nc jco
cpcning as qcu undcrs|and i|.
Research and gather as much lnformatlon as ou can. Onc
in|crticucr as|cd. lna| dc qcu |ncu aocu| cur prcduc|s? Tnc
in|crticucc rc|urncd a o|an| |cc|. Hcu can qcu inprcss |nc
in|crticucr as ccnpc|cn| and in|crcs|cd if qcu natc nc| ctcn dcnc
qcur ncncucr|? |naginc if qcu ucrc as|cd aocu| qcur prcfcrcncc fcr
|cc|npas|c and qcu nancd a ccnpc|i|itc orand!
Preare ansuers to antlclated questlons. Trq |c undcrs|and
unq an in|crticucr as|s a par|icu|ar
qucs|icn. Qucs|icns |i|c Hcu dc
qcu dca| ui|n s|rcss? lna| dc qcu
dc fcr |cisurc? cr lna| dc qcu
|nin| cf cfficc pc|i|ics? a|| natc
diffcrcn| cojcc|itcs. lcr| cu|
ansucrs |c |ncsc ocfcrc qcu gc fcr
qcur in|crticu.
Practlce and ua|k through the lntertleu both ln our mlnd
and ln front of the mlrror and/or recorder. Dig up ncncrics cf
prcticus in|crticus and scc una| qcu did uc|| and una| qcu can dc
oc||cr. Crca|c |nc sccnaric in qcur nind and titid|q scc qcursc|f
ansucring qucs|icns ccnfidcn||q. lncrc qcu inaginc qcursc|f
funo|ing, s|cp and ucr| cn |na| pcr|icn.
|n |nc cnd, ansucring qucs|icns uc|| during an in|crticu is |nc
prcduc| cf prcpara|icn (rcscarcn, an|icipa|icn, ana|qzing |nc unqs
and cojcc|itcs cf qucs|icns, prac|icc) AND ocing qcursc|f. Tncrc is nc
uaq |c prcscn| qcursc|f as A-c|aq if qcu arc nc|. Tnis ncans |na| qcu

45 2
applications.
purpose.

121 p.
ISBN: 9789221203131;9789221203148 (web pdf)
13.02.3
3
expressed in them.
pubvente@ilo.org

the organization. This increases the likelihood that the applicant can
and will do the job if hired because the work environment motivates
him/her to perform at peak levels.

Here are some tips to help you:

Anticipatethequestions. Generic questions such as Can
you tell me about yourself? or Why should we hire you? can be f
ound in any job search-related website. But aside from these, you
should draw up your own list of possible questions. These questions
may be related to who you are and what you can do for your potential
employer. Remember that you are selling your suitability for the job,
and that process begins with knowing your product: YOU! Questions
may also be about the company, its products, its mission, the job
opening as you understand it.
Researchandgatherasmuchinformationasyoucan. One
interviewer asked: What do you know about our products? The
interviewee returned a blank look. How can you impress the
interviewer as competent and interested if you have not even done
your homework? Imagine if you were asked about your preference for
toothpaste and you named a competitive brand!
Prepareanswerstoanticipatedquestions. Try to understand
why an interviewer asks a particular
question. Questions like How do
you deal with stress? What do you
do for leisure? or What do you
think of offce politics? all have
different objectives. Work out
answers to those before you go for
your interview.
Practiceandwalkthroughtheinterviewbothinyourmind
andinfrontofthemirrorand/orrecorder. Dig up memories of
previous interviews and see what you did well and what you can do
better. Create the scenario in your mind and vividly see yourself
answering questions confdently. Where you imagine yourself
fumbling, stop and work on that portion.
In the end, answering questions well during an interview is the
product of preparation (research, anticipation, analyzing the whys
and objectives of questions, practice) AND being yourself. There is no
way to present yourself as A-okay if you are not. This means that you
56
lna| arc |nc ccnncn qucs|icns |na| in|crticucrs as|?
oq |crcc Cruz-Man|c
Dcun|cadcd frcn nq|raoanc.ccn, MqTraoanc Adticc, Oc|cocr 2006
lHAT arc |nc ccnncn qucs|icns |na| in|crticucrs as|? And

una| ucu|d oc |nc ansucrs fcr |ncn? |cr cxanp|c, ncu sncu|d |
ansucr |nc fc||cuing qucs|icns. 1) Hcu arc qcu gcing |c nand|c
s|rcss cr prcssurc? 2) lnq sncu|d uc nirc qcu? 3) lnq dc qcu uan|
|c ucr| in |nis ccnpanq? 4) lna| can qcu ccn|riou|c in |nis
ccnpanq? 5) lna| arc qcur uca|ncsscs? P|casc nc|p nc. - Cnc|

Tnc qucs|icns as|cd oq an in|crticucr ui|| a|| dcpcnd cn |nc |qpc
cf in|crticu ocing ccnduc|cd. Tncrc arc gcncra||q |uc |qpcs cf
in|crticus. |nc scrccning in|crticu and |nc niring in|crticu. Tnc
cojcc|itc cf |nc scrccning in|crticu is |c ccnc up ui|n a sncr| |is| cf
candida|cs ucr|n pursuing. Tnc niring in|crticu, cn |nc c|ncr nand,
assuncs |na| |nc app|ican| nas a|rcadq nadc |nc nar| and is ncu
scricus|q ocing ccnsidcrcd fcr a jco cffcr. || naq oc a fina| cncc| ocfcrc
|nc jco cffcr cr |nc ncc|ing during unicn |nc cffcr is nadc.
Tnc qucs|icns as|cd during oc|n in|crticu |qpcs arc gcncra||q
ncan| |c nc|p |nc in|crticucr ansucr |nrcc qucs|icns.

1) Can |nc app|ican| dc |nc jco?
lna| s|i||s dccs nc/snc natc
|c pcrfcrn |nc rcquircd
|as|s?

2) |s |nc app|ican| in|crcs|cd
and nc|ita|cd |c dc |nc jco?
li|| nc/snc dc i| uc||?

3) Dccs |nc app|ican| fi| in |nc
crganiza|icn? li|| nc/snc fi|
|nc crganiza|icns cu||urc
and adncrc |c i|s ucr| ncrns
and ta|ucs?

|| is nc| cncugn |na| an app|ican| nas |nc s|i||s |c pcrfcrn |nc jco
(can dc), nc/snc nus| a|sc natc |nc nc|ita|icn |c dc i| (ui|| dc). Tnc
ncs| inpcr|an| |ning is |na| |ncrc is a fi| oc|uccn |nc app|ican| and

57
|nc crganiza|icn. Tnis incrcascs |nc |i|c|inccd |na| |nc app|ican| can
and ui|| dc |nc jco if nircd occausc |nc ucr| cntircnncn| nc|ita|cs
nin/ncr |c pcrfcrn a| pca| |ctc|s.

Hcrc arc scnc |ips |c nc|p qcu.

Antlclate the questlons. Gcncric qucs|icns sucn as Can
qcu |c|| nc aocu| qcursc|f? cr lnq sncu|d uc nirc qcu? can oc
fcund in anq jco scarcn-rc|a|cd ucosi|c. 8u| asidc frcn |ncsc, qcu
sncu|d drau up qcur cun |is| cf pcssio|c qucs|icns. Tncsc qucs|icns
naq oc rc|a|cd |c unc qcu arc and una| qcu can dc fcr qcur pc|cn|ia|
cnp|cqcr. Rcncnocr |na| qcu arc sc||ing qcur sui|aoi|i|q fcr |nc jco,
and |na| prcccss ocgins ui|n |ncuing qcur prcduc|. YOU! Qucs|icns
naq a|sc oc aocu| |nc ccnpanq, i|s prcduc|s, i|s nissicn, |nc jco
cpcning as qcu undcrs|and i|.
Research and gather as much lnformatlon as ou can. Onc
in|crticucr as|cd. lna| dc qcu |ncu aocu| cur prcduc|s? Tnc
in|crticucc rc|urncd a o|an| |cc|. Hcu can qcu inprcss |nc
in|crticucr as ccnpc|cn| and in|crcs|cd if qcu natc nc| ctcn dcnc
qcur ncncucr|? |naginc if qcu ucrc as|cd aocu| qcur prcfcrcncc fcr
|cc|npas|c and qcu nancd a ccnpc|i|itc orand!
Preare ansuers to antlclated questlons. Trq |c undcrs|and
unq an in|crticucr as|s a par|icu|ar
qucs|icn. Qucs|icns |i|c Hcu dc
qcu dca| ui|n s|rcss? lna| dc qcu
dc fcr |cisurc? cr lna| dc qcu
|nin| cf cfficc pc|i|ics? a|| natc
diffcrcn| cojcc|itcs. lcr| cu|
ansucrs |c |ncsc ocfcrc qcu gc fcr
qcur in|crticu.
Practlce and ua|k through the lntertleu both ln our mlnd
and ln front of the mlrror and/or recorder. Dig up ncncrics cf
prcticus in|crticus and scc una| qcu did uc|| and una| qcu can dc
oc||cr. Crca|c |nc sccnaric in qcur nind and titid|q scc qcursc|f
ansucring qucs|icns ccnfidcn||q. lncrc qcu inaginc qcursc|f
funo|ing, s|cp and ucr| cn |na| pcr|icn.
|n |nc cnd, ansucring qucs|icns uc|| during an in|crticu is |nc
prcduc| cf prcpara|icn (rcscarcn, an|icipa|icn, ana|qzing |nc unqs
and cojcc|itcs cf qucs|icns, prac|icc) AND ocing qcursc|f. Tncrc is nc
uaq |c prcscn| qcursc|f as A-c|aq if qcu arc nc|. Tnis ncans |na| qcu

2
applications.
purpose.

121 p.
ISBN: 9789221203131;9789221203148 (web pdf)
13.02.3
3
expressed in them.
pubvente@ilo.org

58
sncu|d oc in a pcrpc|ua| and |ifc|cng |carning ncdc, adding |c qcur
ccnpc|cncics and ncning qcur s|i||s fcr qcur drcan jco, sc |na| uncn
i| ccncs a|cng, qcu ui|| oc cqua| |c |nc cna||cngc.

The foIIoving nay aIso le given lo young jolseekeis as
addilionaI lips:

Bcfnrc thc IntcrvIcw:
e ieady lo iecile youi sciipls on youi pasl and youi
seIf-inlioduclion.
Anlicipale queslions and piepaie ansveis.
Make suie you have ieseaiched aloul lhe conpany and
knov aII you can possilIy knov al lhis line.
Cel enough sIeep and iesl so you viII le fiesh and aIeil
foi youi inleiviev.

DurIng thc IntcrvIcw:
Iocus on youi acconpIishnenls and hov you can
polenliaIIy conliilule lo pioviding soIulions foi lhe
conpany.
Undeisland vhal lhe jol opening is aloul and hov you
can fiII il, given youi skiIIs, vaIues, and liails.
Ask queslions aloul lhe ieciuilnenl piocess.
Ask queslions aloul lhe conpany, lhe jol, lhe cuIluie.
(Renenlei, you have lo fil.)
Donl conpIain aloul peopIe and lhings. Donl speak iII
of youi foinei enpIoyei.
Defei discussions aloul noney.
See lhings fion lhe conpanys inleiesl, nol youis.
e confidenl. You have sonelhing voilhvhiIe lo offei.
Speak in a piopeiIy noduIaled voice.
Do nol aigue vilh lhe inleivievei.
Diess appiopiialeIy.
Avoid loo nany faciaI and lody novenenls lhal can le
disliacling, incIuding naiI liling, cheving gun, Iooking
al valch, diunning fingeis.
59
e couileous and poIile al aII lines.
Sil up sliaighl! Il shovs inleiesl.
Speak up! Il shovs confidence.
Mainlain eye conlacl. Il shovs youie sinceie.
Lislen. Shov genuine concein.
ReIax. You can ansvei lellei if you aie caIn.

Aftcr thc IntcrvIcw:
Assess vhal you did veII.
Lisl vhal lhings you can do lellei in fuluie inleivievs.
Nole vhal queslions veie asked.
Reviile youi sciipls as necessaiy.
IIan lo do vhalevei agieenenls veie nade vilh lhe
inleivievei (such as caII aflei a veek, elc.).
Wiile a lhank you Iellei. Il viII nake lhen ienenlei
you.
Lisl Iessons you Ieained fion lhe expeiience.

Whal you veai depends on vhal posilion you aie
seeking. You have lo diess lhe pail!
Reseaich, find oul vhal you can aloul lhe conpany
cuIluie and diess code. Then suil youi fashion
accoidingIy.
Snail casuaI is usuaIIy lhe safesl fashion. Avoid fashion
exlienes - loo foinaI/loo infoinaI oi loo hip/ loo
conseivalive.
Renenlei: you aie piesenling youiseIf foi a jol, nol a
dale, a picnic, a ginnick, oi a pion.
46
should be in a perpetual and lifelong learning mode, adding to your
competencies and honing your skills for your dream job, so that when
it comes along, you will be equal to the challenge.

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38

An achievei vilh a liack iecoid of

lHAT arc |nc ccnncn qucs|icns |na| in|crticucrs as|? And

lHAT arc |nc ccnncn qucs|icns |na| in|crticucrs as|? And

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