Report of The 2ND Workshop On Asean HR System Final PDF

On 22-23 October 2012
At Imperial Garden Villa and Hotel, Phnom Penh, Cambodia

REPORT
OF
THE 2ND
WORKSHOP ON
Strengthening ASEAN
Human Rights Systems
through Civil Societys
Advocacy
The report was prepared by:

CHRAC Secretariat
I
REPORT OF THE 2ND WORKSHOP ON Strengthening ASEAN Human Rights Systems through Civil Societys Advocacy
REPORT
OF
THE 2ND
WORKSHOP ON
Strengthening ASEAN
Human Rights Systems
through Civil Societys
Advocacy
On 22-23 October 2012

At Imperial Garden Villa and Hotel, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
III
Day 1 - Regional Human Rights Systems: Dynamisms,
Challenges and Opportunities & the Role of Civil
Society ........................................................................ 01
. Welcome.remark ................................................. 02
. Introduction.of.the.workshop.objectives ........ 04
. Plenary.1:.The.Evolution.of.
the regional human rights systems:
Are.we.in.the.right.direction? ........................... 05
. Plenary.2:.Cross-Regional.Advocacy.
Agenda in Strengthening Human Rights
Systems: meaning, indicators and bases
(each.speaker.should.represent.one.case.
study) .................................................................... 10
Day 2 - Regional Human Rights Systems: Civil Society
Agenda for the next three years ............................ 13
. Plenary.4:.The.life.after.the.adoption.of.
AHRD ..................................................................... 14
. Finalization.of.the.Statement.and.
Recommendation ................................................ 18
. Special.sessions ................................................. 23
. Closing.remark.by.the.co-organizers .............. 26
annexes ................................................................................... 27
. Agenda ................................................................. 28
. CSOs.Recommendations................................... 30
. List.of.participants .............................................. 32
Table of Contents
1
Day 1 - Regional Human Rights systems:
Dynamisms, Challenges and
Opportunities & the Role of Civil
society
2
WelCOme speeCH
mr. Thun saray, Chairperson of CHRaC/ president of aDHOC
Below. is. the. original. message. from. Mr.. Thun.
Saray.during.the.frst.day.of.the.2nd.Workshop.
on. Strengthening. ASEAN. Human. Rights.
Systems through Civil Society Advocacy.
First. of. all,. let. me. warmly. welcome. to. all.
distinguished. guests,. speakers,. partners.
and colleagues coming from Cambodia, the
ASEAN.region.and.other.regions.to.attend.this.
important.workshop.
Ladies,.gentlemen.and.distinguished.guests!
This.2nd.Workshop.on.Strengthening.ASEAN.
Human.Rights.Systems.through.Civil.Societys.
Advocacy. is. a. follow-up. event. of. the. frst.
workshop,. which. was. held. in. Bali. last. year.
and. organized. by. Human. Rights. Working.
Group. (HRWG). Indonesia.. At. this. crucial.
time. while. Cambodia. is. chairing. ASEAN. this.
year, the Cambodian Human Rights Action
Committee (CHRAC), the Cambodian Human
Rights and Development Association (ADHOC)
and.HRWG.are.organizing.once.again.the.2nd.
Workshop.in.Phnom.Penh.today.and.tomorrow..
Tomorrow. marks. the. 3rd. Anniversary. of. the.
creation. of. the. ASEAN. Intergovernmental.
Commission.on.Human.Rights.(AICHR),.which.
is held under the Cambodian chairmanship in
Phnom Penh too.
The.main.objectives.of.this.two-day.workshop.
are:
1. To. discuss. the. evolution,. key. challenges.
and opportunities of regional systems
upholding.human.rights.and.civil.societys.
role;
2. To.explore.the.most.effective.and.strategic.
ways.of.sharing.experiences.and.expertise.
to strengthen cooperation across regions
and.countries.toward.the.goal.of.creating.
credible regional human rights bodies.
Our gathering today is refecting our
commitments and contribution to achieving an
ASEAN.Community,.which.is.being.undertaken.
by. our. leaders.. The. role. of. civil. society,.
particularly. NGOs,. in. the. ASEAN. region. is.
very.signifcant.not.just.only.to.fll.the.gaps.by.
our governments but also to help monitor the
Community progress and processes in order
to. fully. realize. the. goal. of. the. regional. bloc..
Furthermore. we. help. to. attain. the. regions.
vision to promote and respect human rights in
the.region.as.envisaged.in.the.ASEAN.Charter.
This.workshop.is.a.place.not.only.for.hearing.
perspectives and updates of our colleagues
3
from.different.countries.in.the.ASEAN.region,.
but also it is a venue for us to learn from each
other, and share strengths, solidarity and
common voices in order to better the civil
societys. engagement. with. ASEAN. leaders,.
particularly in the feld of human rights,
through. the. regions. different. human. rights.
mechanisms.. As. you. know. ASEAN. was. slow.
to. start. establishing. ASEAN. human. rights.
mechanism. in. the. region. if. compared. with.
other human rights mechanism in other region.
As. we. have. witnessed. so. far,. three. main.
human. rights. systems. in. ASEAN. established.
known. as:. (1). the. ASEAN. Intergovernmental.
Commission on Human Rights (AICHR), (2)
the. ASEAN. Commission. for. the. Promotion.
and. Protection. of. the. Rights. of. Women. and.
Children. (ACWC). which. are. performing. their.
respective roles and mandates pursuant to
their. Terms. of. References.. AICHR. has. no.
protection mandate yet to ensure human rights
of.the.people.in.the.region.are.well.protected,.
and. furthermore. the. draft. ASEAN. Human.
Rights. Declaration. lack. of. consultations. with.
civil. society,. and. transparency.. However,. we.
also note that there is still in deed al lot more
efforts to be made or contributed from different
stakeholders,.especially.from.us.as.a.relevant.
actor to engage, lobby, advocate and even
push these mechanisms to fully implement
their mandate more effectively, responsively
and transparently to the current human rights
challenges.we.all.are.facing.today..
Ladies,.gentlemen.and.colleagues!
With. your. active. participation,. discussion.
and. contribution. during. these. two. days,. we.
are. hopeful. that. in. the. end. we. will. be. more.
knowledgeable. on. the. ASEANs. . . human.
rights systems, and better informed of other
regional. human. rights. systems,. which. could.
be contributing to strengthening our regional
human. rights. system. in. the. later. stage.. With.
this.workshop.operation,.on.behalf.of.the.co-
organizers,.I.do.believe.that.you.will.be.learning.
and.sharing.more.with.each.other.relevant.key.
issues, challenges and best practices so that
we. can. build. our. knowledge. and. advocacy.
strategies.in.dealing.with.human.rights.issues.
in.our.ASEAN.region.
Finally,. on. behalf. of. CHRAC,. HRGW. and.
ADHOC,. I. wish. you. a. pleasant. stay. in.
Cambodia and a successful debate during
these. two-days.. May. I. take. this. opportunity.
also.to.thank.to.Open.Society.Foundation.and.
Swedish. Sida. for. their. contribution. to. make.
this event happening.
Thank. you. very. much. for. your. participation.
and.kind.attention!.

4
InTRODuCTIOn anD ObjeCTIve Of THe WORksHOp
ms. yuyun Wahyuningrum, senior advisor on asean and Human Rights, HRWG
Yuyun,.frst.of.all,.thanked.to.the.co-organizers.
(CHRAC and ADHOC) for hosting this event in
Phnom. Penh.. Then,. she. warmly. welcomed.
and. thanked. to. all. the. participants. coming.
from. various. countries. in. the. ASEAN. region..
The. workshop. today. was. so. crucial,. she.
highlighted.as.it.would.give.us.to.think.of.how.
to.react.to.the.adoption.of.current.draft.ASEAN.
Human. Rights. Declaration. (AHRD),. which. so.
worried. the. civil. society. as. it. falls. below. the.
international. standards. of. human. rights.. The.
ASEAN. Intergovernmental. Commission. on.
Human Rights (AICHR), under the Cambodian
chairmanship and after several consultations
with.civil.society.at.both.national.and.regional.
level, aimed at fastening the adoption of
the. draft. as. its. current. form.. Therefore. with.
this. move,. we. as. civil. society. should. play.
very. important. role. in. looking. in. the. feasible.
advocacy. strategies. to. deal. with. it,. and. we.
would. also. try. to. have. a. joint. statement. that.
would. come. up. as. the. result. of. this. workshop.
to.refect.on.the.outcomes.and.the.key.concern.
in. next. month. ASEAN. Summit,. as. well. as. in.
particular.with.regard.to.the.work.of.AICHR.in.
the next three-year mandate.
Then. she. moved. on. to. explain. about. the. two-
day. workshop. agenda,. and. highlighting. an.
expected. outcome. of. the. joint. statement.
drafted. during. this. workshop. and. presented.
in a Press Conference by civil society. During
this. conference,. there. would. also. be. some.
selective. representatives. to. join. and. convey.
the.group.messages.with.particular.to.the.work.
of.ASEAN.and.AICHR..She.also.told.that.a.day.
before.this.workshop.(on.21st).we.organized.a.
media.briefng.aiming.to.inform.about.the.work.
of.AICHR.within.its.three-year.term.that.would.
be ended by 23rd October. She also informed
that.while.we.were.at.this.workshop,.the.AICHR.
led.by.Cambodia.AICHR.would.also.gathered.in.
Phnom Penh on 23 Oct to commemorate the
1st Anniversary of the AICHR and launched its
website.as.well.as...the.booklet.about.AICHR.
After. the. plenaries,. there. would. follow. by.
two. special. sessions. on. Cambodias. role. in.
addressing its past human rights violations (i.e.
genocide,. or. crimes. against. humanity). which.
would. be. benefcial. to. the. strengthening. of.
the role of regional human rights mechanism
including AICHR to intervene further in any
cases considered as the mass human rights
violations. that. would. be. happening. in. the.
region. as. well.. She. explained. that. this. kind. of.
workshop. was. more. relax. and. participatory.
approach,. that. was. why. she. urged. the.
participants to give their opinions freely and
frankly.in.order.to.attain.the.objectives.
5
plenaRy 1: THe evOluTIOn Of THe ReGIOnal Human RIGHTs
sysTems: aRe We In THe RIGHT DIReCTIOn?
moderator: ms. jelen paclarin, executive Director of Wlb, the philippines
speaker:. H.E. Rafendi. Djamin,. Indonesias.
Representative to the AICHR
The.full.presentation.of.H.E.Djamin.was.shown,.
and. below. were. key. points. raised. during. the.
course.of.the.workshop.
Prior. to. his. speech,. frst. of. all,. he. thanked.
the. organizers,. CHRAC,. ADHOC,. and. HRWG.
for. organizing. this. important. workshop.. This.
event. was. very. signifcant. after. three. years.
of.AICHRs.work.has.completed..The.mandate.
of. Indonesian. AICHR. representative. would.
also be ended by this month, and therefore
a. representative. could. also. old. or. new. one.
to. join. in. the. regional. human. rights. body.. We.
did.not.know.about.other.representatives.from.
other.ASEAN.member.states.as.well.including.
the current chair Cambodian representative.
Mr. Rafendi stressed the important that many
years. ago,. ASEAN. had. neither. human. rights.
Charter nor mechanism, despites its norms
including other human rights conventions that
were.ratifed.by.the.member.states..Then.there.
were. some. evolutions. in. ASEAN. in. regards.
to its regional Human Rights Mechanism as
follows:
. AICHR.was.created.in.2009;
. ACWC.was.created.in.2010;
. ACMW.was.created.in.2008;
Back.in.1967,.the.main.objective.of.creation.of.
ASEAN. was. to. maintain. regional. peace. and.
security,.economic.cooperation..Back.in.2000,.
Indonesia proposed on political sphere in
the region including governance, democracy
and. human. rights. If. compared. with. other.
regions,. human. rights. were. not. discussed. at.
all. at. the. early. stage.. To. initiate. a. charter. of.
ASEAN. has. taken. time,. then. it. was. achieved.
in 2007.
Measuring AICHR:
. consensus.on.ToR.of.AICHR.in.2009,.limited.
6
protection mechanism;
institutional building: strengthening
. AICHR.creation.was.challenged.including.
the mandate, the name, and the person
who.will.serve.this.commission;
consensus= building up engagement,
assurance,.trust.and.the.commitment.will.
be implemented institutional building:
. ToR:. election. of. the. representative.
can.discuss.with.civil.society
. Secretariat.has.from.two.to.four.staffs.
to help AICHR, but at the national level,
because. of. each. countrys. foreign.
affairs. (which. not. focus. only. AICHR,.
but other issues);
. functioning. and. engaging. with. other.
ASEAN. bodies. that. dealt. with. human.
rights;
14 Mandates of AICHR
Chart:
- Protection and Promotion mandate
. Development strategies to promote and
protect human rights
mandate 10: obtaining information
from member states
- there is no guideline, but conduct
thematic.studies.(CSR);.the.way.
engage the member states;
-. thematic. workshopsuseful.
process.to.engage.stakeholders.in.
the.region.(women,.and.children);
- obtaining information
Mr.. Rafendis. key. concluded. observations. for.
this.topic.were.the.following:
. It.is.just.three.years.of.AICHR.so.that.it.is.
so.early.to.have.full.and.critical.judgment.
over.its.work.and.the.implementation.of.its.
mandate;
. It. might. need. long. advocacy. and. keep.
pushing and because many other member
states. change. their. attitudes. toward.
human.rights.in.its.own.context.in.general.
and in the region in particular;
. For. the. frst. stage,. AICHR. can. be. a. frm.
forum to create understanding, building
trust. about. human. rights. within. ASEAN.
contexthow.is.human.rights.critical,.and.
acknowledging. of. the. role. of. civil. society.
in promoting and protecting human rights;
. It. is. the. only. process. that. deals. with.
human rights issues in the region at the
moment;
It needs more time to create engagement
procedures. with. AICHR. as. a. whole. or. an.
individual AICHR representative in order
to build trust and relationship among them
and civil society;
speaker: mr. David padilla, former assistant
executive secretary, Inter-American
Commission.on.Human.Rights,.professor.of.law.
in.the.Philippines.focusing.on.the.Challenges.
and lessons from Inter-American commission
on.human.rights.that.can.be.useful.for.ASEAN
First. of. all. he. said. that. he. was. so. interested.
in. what. has. been. going. on. in. Southeast.
Asia,. especially. the. current. move. toward.
the. adoption. of. an. ASEAN. Human. Rights.
Declaration. (AHRD). and. the. passive. work.
of. AICHR. in. the. frst. term. it. has. worked. in.
promoting.human.rights.in.the.ASEAN.region.
He then started his presenting by focusing on
the. works. of. the. Inter-American. Commission.
on Human Rights. He briefed a little bit about
the.background.and.the.initiative.to.establish.
a commission on human rights. He said that
after.the.World.War.II,.in.1948.member.states.
of the American states came together to
create. a. declaration. on. Human. Rights. with.
the. participation. of. 35. member. states.. The.
Commission. on. Human. Rights. was. created.
in. 1959.. The. key. roles. of. the. commission. are.
to receive communication from individual
complaints. from. the. member. states.. The.
Commission had initiated and drafted some
signifcant treaties for example, the treaties
on. violence. against. women,. prevention. of.
torture. It also established norms, standard
setting, and several other protocols (i.e. on
death. penalty).. These. human. rights. norms.
and principles shall be applied in the member
states.
He. said. that. the. Declaration. is. however.
is not a binding document that can bring
7
accountability of state members; but it sets
up a lot of guiding human rights principles
focusing in the Inter-American states region
in. addition. to. the. states. ratifcation. to. other.
international human rights treaties. He raised
some examples of the successful stories of
the.Commissions.work.in.dealing.with.human.
rights. such. as:. in. a. war. among. its. member.
states (Honduras and other), the commission
jumped. in. to. help. address. the. issue;. in. 1990s.
in Bogota, a group of rebel got hostage, then
there. was. negotiation. with. the. government.
and rebels, but the commission played a
role. as. a. mediator. between. the. two. parties.
leaders.
Dr. Padilla then explained about the some
special measures that are used under the
Commission in form of recommendations,
which. are. more. specifc. on. issues. (i.e..
should. do. or. should. not. do). while. the. Court.
of. Human. Rights. issued. a. lot. decision. which.
then. became. the. jurisprudences. for. other.
cases implemented in the member states.
Then,. apart. from. the. Commission,. they. also.
established. a. Court. of. Human. Rights. within.
the Inter-American system that can hand
down. binding. decisions. that. are. sometimes.
specifc.on.issues.it.dealt.with.and.sometimes.
in a more general.
Professor. Padilla. suggested. the. following.
lessons from the Inter-American Commission
for.ASEAN:
. ASEAN. should. encourage. the. member.
states.to.strengthen.the.work.of.AICHR.in.
dealing.with.human.rights.in.the.region;
. Create. and. strengthen. a. Secretariat. (of.
AICHR) that shall play very important role in
assisting the AICHR to fulfll its mandates.
Those. should. include:. permanent. staffs,.
good leadership, clear and persistent
fund-raising strategies, budgeting and
accountability, and regular staff meeting
for. updating. and. follow-up.. This. refects.
a good lesson from the Inter-American
system.where.a.Secretariat.is.quite.strong.
with. adequate. staffng. that. could. help.
the offcers and Commissioners of the
Commission,.because.they.just.work.part-
time,.not.paid.jobs,.but.practicing;
. Constructive. way. and. communication.
shall be important principles because
the. consensus. decision. making. style.
of. ASEAN/AICHR. shall. be. focusing. on.
themes rather than strategic issues that
are under the mandate;
. Participation. and. engagement. of. the.
civil society in the process is very
recommended in order that the AICHR can
have.an.overview.on.human.rights.issues.
in.the.region.it.is.working.on;....
speaker: mr. adem kassie abebe, Centre for
Human Rights, university of pretoria
Mr.. Abebe. could. not. attend. the. workshop.
due. to. his. fight. trouble;. however,. he. shared.
his. presentation.. Below. is. the. extract. of. his.
presentation.
Normative.framework:
. African. Charter. on. Human. and. Peoples.
Rights.(1986)
. Protocol.on.the.Rights.of.Women.in.Africa.
(2005)
. African.Charter.on.the.Rights.and.Welfare.
of.Children.(1999)
. African. Charter. on. Democracy,. Elections.
and Governance (2012)
. And. others. such. as. on. corruption. (2006),.
IDPs,. refugees(1974),. conservation. of.
nature
. Articles. 60. and. 61. of. the. African.
Charter refer to international and
African. instruments. (model. for. ASEAN.
Declaration?)
Institutional.framework
. African. Commission. on. Human. and.
Peoples.Rights
. African. Court. on. Human. and. Peoples.
Rights
. African. Committee. on. the. Rights. and.
Welfare.of.Children.
. African.Court.of.Justice.and.Human.Rights.
- in the pipeline merging the African Court
of. Human. and. Peoples. Rights. with. the.
African.Court.of.Justice;.also.discussions.
to.give.it.criminal.jurisdiction.
. Sub-regional. systems. and. Courts:.
ECOWAS,.EEC,.SADC
African Commission: Membership
. Composed. of. 11. members. of. the. highest.
reputation,. known. for. their. high. morality,.
integrity, impartiality and competence in
matters of human and peoples rights.
. Serve.in.their.personal.capacity.
. Challenges. in. the. beginning:. politically.
active individuals such as ambassadors
8
were. members;. not. a. major. problem.
anymore
. Gender:. initially. all. men;. now. 7. out. of. 11.
are.women,.including.the.Chairperson.and.
Deputy Chairperson
. Challenge:. nomination. process. . lessons.
from.ASEAN?.An.AU.note.verbal.calls.for.
participatory national processes
african Commission: functions
functions Cntd
Resolutions
Promotional
Protection
Communication
State communications
Fact-fnding.missions
Individual
communications
State reports Promotional visits etc
Thematic.e.g.
fair trial
Country specifc e.g.
Mali
9
Role for CSOs: Promotional functions
. Commission.has.robust.relationship.with.
CSOs
. NGO.Forum.preceding.the.ordinary.
sessions.of.the.Commission..major.
platform to shape the agenda and
outcomes of the Sessions
. Shadow.reports
. Proposing.resolutions.and.even.Protocols.
(CSOs.played.a.major.role.in.the.drafting.
of.the.Womens.Protocol)
. Supporting.promotional.missions.
Specifc personal experiences:
. Drafting.model.access.to.information.law.
. General.Comment.on.women.and.HIV
. Establishment.of.Committee.on.HIV/AIDS
. Preparation.of.shadow.reports.almost.
every year
Role of CSOs: protection mandate
. Almost.all.communications.before.the.
Commission submitted by CSOs
. Specifc.personal.experiences.example.
. Case.against.Angola.
. Amicus.curiae.submissions
. Supporting.Commissioners.during.fact-
fnding missions
Challenges
. Some.normative.defects:.But.has.been.
dispelled through creative interpretations
and thematic resolutions of the
Commission - similar problems in the
ASEAN.Declaration?
. But.major.challenges.are.practical.
. Failure.to.report.periodically.(every.
two.years)
Implementation challenges:
communications, concluding
observations, provisional measures,
resolutions:.The.Court.expected.to.
help in this regard
Resource constraints (forcing the
Commission to focus on promotional
functions)
Visibility problems: the Commission as
elitist,.very.few.people.know.about.it.
(CSOs can help in this regard)
. Communications.take.too.
long to resolve: some pending
communications submitted in 2002
Participation and transparency of
appointment process
Conclusion
. Things.improving.overtime.but.there.is.a.
lot to be desired
. CSOs.have.been.and.continue.to.be.the.
LIFELINE.of.the.Commission.in.achieving.
both its promotional and protection
mandates..this.is.a.big.lesson.for.the.
ASEAN.Commission.
Question.&.Answer:
(1). How.the.commission.was.set.up?
(2). How.to.ensure.the.independence.
in.implementing.the.work?
A-. The.independence.coming.from.
the.works.and.decision.of.each.
individual representative in
performing.their.tasks..However.
this.takes.times;
(3) Individual complaint to AICHR
(4). Information.fow,.but.it.is.hard.to.
disseminate information to other.
(5). What.mechanism.to.push.ASEAN.
member states to apply human
rights.standards,.i.e..court,.or.law.
on freedom of expression that
can beneft all the member states
(2 countries adopted access to
information.law)?
(6). How.Inter-American.commission.
deal.or.confict.with.national.
human.rights.institution?.how.
the regional mechanism can
intervene issues at the national
level?
(7). Can.make.more.advocacy.to.
spread it out to other sub-region,
or.ASIAN.HR.Commission.taking.
the strengthening of AICHR.
10
plenaRy 2: CROss-ReGIOnal aDvOCaCy aGenDa In
sTRenGTHenInG Human RIGHTs sysTems: meanInG,
InDICaTORs anD bases (eaCH speakeR sHOulD RepResenT One
Case sTuDy)
This plenary was moderated by mr. kuol panha, executive director of COmfRel. He highlighted that this
session would focus on (1) CsO participation /space; (2) Complementarity of regional human rights with
national system (conformity of regional convention to national law); and (3) efforts to establish or pursue a
regional convention
speaker:. Ms.. Viviana. Krsticevic,. Executive.
Director.of.Center.for.Justice.and.International.
Law.(CEJIL)..(the.video.could.not.work)
speaker:. Ms.. Yuyun. Wahyuningrum,. Senior.
Advisor.on.ASEAN.and.Human.Rights,.HRWG.
Indonesia.
Her. full. presentation. was. shown,. and. below.
was.key.points.were.raised.during.her..speech.
Human.rights.in.ASEAN.come.from
. Engagement.among.civil.society;
. Interaction. between. national,. regional.
and international actors;
national opening contributing to regional
openness;
Human rights mechanism established in
the region
Advocacy agenda by civil society 3 Cs
Convention
. Commission:.ACWC,.AICHR,.ACMW
Court
So. it. is. important. for. the. civil. society. to. look.
into these aspects. Strategies to bring AICHR
to be:
accountable
transparent
independent
responsive;
. regional.networking,.at.the.regional.level,.
national. level. (training,. workshops). in.
bringing understanding among peoples;
lot of complaints that many people do not
understand these human rights;
engage to the offcials of the member
states
defnition for human rights mechanism that
we.want;.NGOs.have.worked.with.ASEAN.
Secretariat,. offcials. and. the. UN.. with.
regard.to.ASEAN.mechanism;
. work.with.the.national.secretariat,.getting.
involved. with. them,. i.e.. in. Indonesia. to.
push for national selection process of
representative of AICHR through national
secretariat. It gives precedence to other
11
practice. in. other. countries. in. Thailand.
and. the. Philippines.. This. will. give. best.
practices.to.others..We.engage.with.both.
national level and regional level to build
up.the.efforts..During.the.engagement,.we.
can build trust among them.
. Element.of.3.Cs.infuence:
priority;
standard setting
agenda setting;
infuencing on the process
opinion building
crossing over from civil society to be
government offcial;
Representative (Rafendi and
Sriphapha). in. AICHR. help. us. to. keep.
pushing issues and discourses on
human rights to be discussed; opening
up, moving, expanding the space from
inside-system of AICHR;
. i.e..AHRD.consultation.processthere.
were. chances,. different. channels.
to. open. space. for. engagement. with.
AICHR;. we. need. to. push. through.
different.ways.in.order.to.make.AICHR.
work.and.talk.to.us,.including.the.boss.
of AICHR (foreign ministers);
Current initiatives:
-. ACSC/APF
-. APF.on.AICHR;
-. Venue:.ASEAN.ministerial.meeting,.
informal meeting (interface
meeting),. dialogues. with. ASEAN.
S-G,. with. CPRs. (i.e.. ASEAN. SG.
meeting. with. civil. society,. with.
other CPRs participation in the
meeting);
-. working. formality:. formal. versus.
informal;
-. ASEAN.ambassadors.want.to.have.
kinds.of.informal.meeting.with.civil.
society, not only focus on human
rights, but on other issues..
-. Status. of. engagement. with. HR.
mechanism:
. some. changes. from. listening.
to civil society not affliated
with.ASEAN;
. engagement. with. HRWG:.
informal.dinner.with.ACWC;
. formal. sessions. have.
increased the number of the
members. of. ACWC. or. AICHR.
to.meet.with.civil.society;
. ToR.and.its.timelines
. need. review. ToR,. and. it.
will. be. reviewed. under.
chairmanship of Myanmar;
it be good or bad in terms
of.substance.of.the.ToR;
-. Lessons.learnt:
. Civil.society.has.played.critical.
role. in. making. AICHR. as. it. is.
move active;
. sectoral. bodies. bring. civil.
society to their meetings;
Challenges:
. government. control. of. civil. societys.
gathering and movement;
. AICHR. establishes. many. tasks. force. on.
LGBT,.migrant.workers,.IPs..;
change can happen from outside and
inside the system; the more civil society
in, the more transparent system is;
What.to.do.next:
. new. composition. of. AICHR. can. be. (good.
or bad);
. 2014:. review. of. ToR,. we. can. add. more.
new. mandate. (by. interpreting. the.
declaration.) but cannot separate
depending on the independence of the
AICHR)
. ASEAN.Charter.view.in.2013.
. AICHR. will. be. working. on. the. Convention.
on. Human. Right. (legally. binding)what.
can.we.do.and.prepare;
more funding on human rights system
(regional character);
. AICHR.Secretariat.will.be.set.up.under.the.
supervision. by. ASEAN. Secretariat. (how.
can.we.react.to.this,.as.it.is.still.uncertain);
African system is even beyond the
mandates: private session, offcial meeting
or informal; civil society can observe
the session through the sending to the
commissioner;.the.way.the.commissioner.
interpret its mandate;
. AICHR. wants. to. replace. the. word.
investigation/. fact. fnding. mission,. but.
study
AICHR:
. legal.advice.by.AICHR.to.other.ASEAN.
sectoral bodies on human rights;
. building.trusts.with.diplomats;
. general. attitude. to. respect. what.
we. want. to. say,. and. the. institution,.
selection of languages;
12
Group discussion:
In.the.afternoon,.there.were.three.groups.divided.to.discuss.on.the.following.in.order.for.coming.up.a.joint.
statement.on.the.second.day.of.the.workshop..
Group 1: focus on Group 2: Group 3:
. standard.setting;
. institutional.building;
. AICHR.mandates
. human.rights.priorities/
discusses
What.would.be.the.role.of.civil.
society?
Standard setting:
. how.can.collectively.react.the.
adoption of AHRD
. how.we.can.interpret.AHRD
. how.we.can.use.AHRD.to.
advance.our.advocacy?
. more.standard.setting.
exercise?
. review.ToR
. Review.of.ASEAN.Charter
. Alignment.with.the.existing.
standards.(women,.children,.
terrorism.);
Institutional building:
. AICHR.secretariat;
. New.composition.of.AICHR.
representative, need a
performance of AICHR
. Alignment.with.other.ACWC.
and other organs
The.implementation.of.AICHR.
mandate to be pushed in the next
3 years
Question.&.Answer:
. TOR.review:.3.things.within.three.years.AICHR:
. 9.2..state.member.requests.for.amendment;
. 9.6..review.of.AICH.after.fve.years
AICHR should focus on protection rather than promotion; interpretation, representative
to be selected rather appointed to be more open; not representative but commissioner
(based on the competence);
. ASEAN.Secretariat:.should.not.be.guided.under.the.of.deputy.secretary-general,.directly.
link.with.ASEAN.Secretary,.in.mainstreaming.(authority)
OIC has commission on human rights, based on competence ;
promoting human rights of the member states;
. How. does. Indonesian. government. consider. open. process. of. selection. would. contribute. to.
selection.of.AICHR.representative?
. A:. Selection. by. independent. selection. committee;. Indonesian. Ministry. of. Foreign. affairs.
created. a. panel. of. selection. (Ministry,. Journalist,. NHRI);. the. Philippine. appointee;. in.
Singapore,.the.cabinet.decided.who.will.be.representative;.Indonesian.delegate.to.be.open.
and.transparent.process.for.AICHR.representative..In.ToR,.selection.is.based.on.the.national.
context;.Indonesia.was.committed.to.have.independent.representative;.in.Thailand,.published.
the.announcement.on.the.AICHR;..the.context.of.Indonesia.at.the.time.was.democratic,.same.
practice.for.other.commissioners.in.other.ASEAN.commissions;.building.trust.with.champion;.
civil.societys.activism.(democratic.country.character);.commitment.from.the.government
led to open selection of AICHR representative;
. From.Vietnam:.Vietnam.try.to.have.workshop.with.foreign.ministry.on.human.rights;
. Concept.of.human.rights.is.very.important;.big.challenges.for.the.civil.society.to.deal.with.this.
human.rights.issue;.how.to.make.national.law.and.regional.mechanism.together;.governments.
look.at.issues.different;
. Content.the.report.of.human.rights.violation.in.Vietnam.is.not.clear;.as.a.researcher;.in.fact.
Vietnam has various human rights;
. Victims. cannot. bring. the. cases. the. national. human. rights. mechanism. still. NGO. play. role. to.
help; more education, spreading information;
Each group was given time to present their fnding (refect in the statement).
13
Day 2 - Regional Human Rights systems:
Civil society agenda for the next
three years
14
plenaRy 4: THe lIfe afTeR THe aDOpTIOn Of aHRD
moderator: mr. suon bunsak, executive secretary, CHRaC
speaker: Ms.. Yuni. Chuzaifah,. Chairperson,.
National. Commission. on. Violence. Against.
Women,.Indonesia
Below.is.the.full.presentation.prepared.by.Ms..
Yuni.
Understanding.of.HR.spirit:
. Basic. spirit. of. HR:. borderless. rights,.
responding vulnerabilities, state
obligation, all element participation.
. Pillar. of. HR. mechanism:. State,. National.
Human. Right. Institution. (NHRI),. CSO,.
Individual/victim.accessibility;
. Element. of. HR:. Convention. (norm),.
Commission, Court.
1. Convention (International, regional,
national),
2. Commission (independent mechanism,
clear mandate),
3.. Court.(justice.and.truth).
4.. Culture. (standard. of. civilization,.
shifting paradigm and attitude,
sensitivity, commitment),
Refection of Human Rights intervention:
HR . need. to. be. translated. to. simple.
and accepted understanding among
state institutions and public.
. HR. mechanism. required. high. civilized.
state to implement . power. of. HR. are.
recommendation .shaming.and.naming?
State responsibility: fulfll, protect,
promote extent to non-state actor:
corporate and individual develop other
paradigm :human responsibility (South
America).
Beneft of adopting HR instrument
better national baseline, controlled
horizontally. by. other. states. through. UPR.
(Universal. Periodic. Review). and. Treaty.
bodies.(Cedaw,.etc).at.United.Nations.
Strategic. Interventions. to. strengthen. ASEAN.
HR mechanism: Role of CSO (part 1)
AICHR (Asean Intergovt Commission
on HR) urgency, transparency
participatory,. working. from. below.
15
(challenge : vulnerable group vs. state
sovereignty.?).
. AICHR. should. .acknowledge. . and.
positioning.ACWC..(Asean.Commission.on.
Women. and. Children). . correctly. avoid
institutionalizing. women. subordination.
at. the. institutional. /regional. mechanism.
level.
Asean mechanism clear role and
alignment. with. international,. inter-
regional, national mechanism.
. Need. to. touch. crucial. issues:. . integrate.
d grand design of development facing
global.economic.power,.
. Filling. the. gap. of. inter-regional. HR.
mechanism .Middle.East?.China?
. Need.people.to.people.solidarity..In.Asean.
and.wider.solidarities..
Push each country to have strong and
independent. NHRI. (national. Human. Right.
Institution):. Not. all. Asean. members. have.
NHRI,. only. Indonesia. (has. 3. Institutions),.
Philippines,.Thailand,.Malaysia,.Myanmar..
Strategic role of CSO (part 2)
. Submit. . shadow. report. . to. . national,.
regional (study) and international HR
mechanism
. ADHR. +. conventions. and. others?:. below.
standard. of. International. instrument. ?.
Open.possibility.to.revise?
Push each country to ratify international
conventions:. ICCPR,. Ecosoc,. Cedaw.
(women),. CRC. (children),. CAT. (torture),.
CERD. (Racial. discrimination),. Migrant. 90,.
CRPD (Disability), etc push optional
protocol.
. Encourage. state. and. all. element. to. use.
international mechanism as basic of
legal/policy/point. of. view. for. national. HR.
standard
. Actively. giving. input. to. AICHR-ACWC.
and others, to adopt CSO input: ADHR,
Convention, mechanism, etc.
Push state members to open transparency
and participatory process for the selection
of AICHR representative, open process for
public consultation and accountability.
Why. strong. and. independent. NHRI. is.
important?
. Background:. . current. development.
of modern state 4
th
element after
executive,. judicative,. legislative. +.
auditive/correctional. system). reduce
state authoritarianism, direct intervention
(NHRI. is. state. institution),. . . proactive.
approach.
. NHRI.mandates.:.
- Monitoring HR violations and policies
produce. report. /data. for. policy. making.
process (state cannot monitor themselves)
- Correctional system : produce
recommendation (based on fndings and
data) to reform legal-policy
- Public participation: raising public
awareness,. bridger. CSO. and. state.
institutions.
- Strengthen HR mechanism: adoption HR
instrument, strengthen local-national-
regional-international mechanism and
alignment.
Translating.alignment.between.HR.mechanism.
(national-regional-international):. Experience.
of.Komnas.Perempuan.as.NHRI.(part.1)
. Monitoring. . and. reporting:. annual. year.
report.on.VAW,.HR.violation.(women.in.the.
context.of.confict,.discriminatory.bylaws,.
etc) . submit. . independent. report. to. UN.
mechanism through public consultation
with. CSO. and. state. (basic. for. list. of.
question.of.the.UN.committee)
. Strengthen. international. and. regional.
mechanism : expert meeting to produce
document. on. alignment. between. HR.
mechanism. horizontally. and. vertically,.
giving. input. on. Asean. /. UN. document. ,.
facilitating.UN.mission.to.the.state,.giving.
criteria. for. the. selection. /nomination. of.
representative.
. Cross. fertilization. /strengthening. among.
NHRI. s:. Timor. Leste. on. VAW. bill,. NHRI.
Myanmar,. Asian. women. commission. (on.
cultural rights), etc.
. Set. up. alignment. among. National. NHRI.
in Indonesia . National. HR. assembly.
(Sidang. HAM):. NHRI. fnding. report,.
fnd. participatory. solution. with. CSO,.
victim, state, regional and international
mechanism).
. Etc.
Important. interventions. through. women. HR.
mechanism (part 2)
1.. Increase. public. awareness. that. womens.
rights are human rights and all form of
violence.against.women.are.human.rights.
violation.
2. Strengthen efforts to promote survivors
16
rights physical, psychological recovery
and rehabilitation
3. Advocate policy and legal reform at
legislative,.judicative.and.executive.
4.. Conduct..monitoring,.reviews.and.research.
on HR violation (esp. violence against
women.). policy, religion, culture
5. Strengthen Human right mechanism
Build an independent, democratic and
credible. institution. as. National. Humans.
right mechanism, strengthen regional and
international mechanism.
Best Practices from other countries
. NHRI.set.up.basic.principle.and.mechanism.
of..regional.mechanism.(Europe)
. Join. monitoring. between. International.
mechanism. with. regional. mechanism. (on.
women.issue). inter America.
. International. mechanism. as. national.
priority : participatory process to report
national.inquiry.(Australia)
. Power. of. optional. protocol. on. individual.
complain : migrant individual report attract
attention.from.UN.(Denmark)
. etc
Prediction. of. Norms-Convention. in. Asean:.
Conventions
1.. Critical. point. of. view. on. development.
and. HR. in. ASEAN:. from. women.
perspective
2. Behind the development in Asean and
HR.issues:.List.of.vulnerable.groups.
3.. VAW:. Komnas. Perempuan. Report. on.
Indonesia
Critical.point.of.view.on.development.and.HR.
in.ASEAN:.from.women.perspective
. Development. policy. is. less. integrating.
Human right principles focus on
economic, politic and legal minded.
. HR. implementation:. perceived. as. an.
executive responsibility (less involvement
from. judicative. and. legislative),. no.
concrete. follow. up. from. . ratifed.
international conventions, no serious
follow.up.from.UN.recommendation.
. Democracy. does. not. automatically. bring.
better. life. for. women. real example
of Indonesia regional autonomy has
different. impact. to. women. After
reformation up to March 2012 ; 207
discriminatory. bylaws,. copy. paste. from.
other.regions,.excluding.women.and.other.
minority. groups. in. the. making. process,.
targeting. women. as. marker. . identity. and.
morality symbol (Komnas Perempuan
fndings) Increasing religious
fundamentalism
. Development. design. does. not. put. VAW.
as an important aspect Poverty invites
VAW. (violence. against. women). some
perpetrators. are. jobless,. forced. young.
marriage,. . vulnerable. to. be. traffcked,.
forced migration multiple impact,
transferred to multi generations, no
appropriate. services/shelter,. lack. of.
access.to.justice
Behind the development in Asean and HR
issues:.List.of.vulnerable.groups
. Vulnerable. worker:. Migrant. workers.
(death.row,.bad.conditions,.sexual.abuses,.
unwanted. pregnancy,. lot. of. orphans),..
Domestic. workers:. . (RI. data. from. Jala.
PRT.in.2007-2011:..726.violence.cases.in.,.
536.unpaid,.wages.:.20-30.USD/per.month),.
sex.workers,.factory.workers/outsourcing,.
traffcking,.etc.
. Peace. and. transitional. justice. :. Women.
in the context of confict-post confict :
Domestic violence increase during post
confict.
. Indigenous. people/women. (natural.
resources confict, etc)
. Discrimination. . and. VAW. in. the. context.
of culture and religion morality
and identity . discriminatory. bylaws,.
discrimination against minorities ( gender,
religion, culture, sexual orientation)
. Women. with. disability. :. access. of.
livelihood,.forced.sterilization,.VAW,.etc
VAW:.Komnas.Perempuan.Report.on.Indonesia
. No.Asean.data.on.VAW..UNFPA.(August.
2012) supported initiative to collect
statistic. data. on. VAW. (Violence. Against.
Women).in.Asean.
. Indonesia. :. Data. of. VAW. from. NHRI.
Komnas Perempuan : 105.103 cases (2010),
119.107.(2011)..
. More.than.95.%.are.domestic.VAW..(wives)
. 1.405. :. . VAW. in. intimate. relationship.
(mostly teenagers)
. 71.%.out.of.91.thousands.sexual.violence.
happened.at.domestic.spaces.(1998-2010)
. 69. %. perpetrators. are. family. members/
close relations
17
Convention.on.Women?
. All.Asean.ratifed.Cedaw
. Women.are.crucial.issues.
. Cedaw. not. well. implemented. since. no.
sanction/punishment.
. Worried..less.common.ground/common.
understanding. about. gender. justice.
among. policy. makers/representatives. of.
state members .potentially.will.produce.
lower.standard.
Supplement. 1:. CEDAW. long struggle to
negotiate.womens.basic.rights
. 1919:. . Struggle. for. pregnancy. . protection.
(from.women.workers)
. 1921.:.struggle.for.anti-traffcking
. 1933.:.Convention.anti.traffcking
. 1946.:.Equal.political.rights
. 1948.:.Universal.Human.Right.Declaration
. 1949.:.Commission.Status.of.Women
. 1949.:.Draft.of.Convention.on.women
. 1951.:.ILO:.equal.wages
. 1952.:.Women.political.rights
Cedaw...(part.2)
. 1956:.abolishing.slavery
. 1957:.citizenship.-.marriage.status
. 1960.:.Education
. 1962:.Marriage.:.minimum.age.and.
registration
. 1974:.Declaration.on.protection.in.the.
context of confict.
. 1975:.Mexico.declaration
. 1979:.Adoption.of.CEDAW.
. 1981:.CEDAW. effective
. 2000:.Optional.protocol.(individual.
complain)
speaker: Mr. Ian Seiderman, Senior legal and
policy director, International Commission of
Jurists.(ICJ).
Mr. Seiderman provided his perspective on
how. to. strengthen. human. rights. system. in.
immediate. and. long. term,. with. a. particular.
lesson. learned. from. the. United. Nations.
human.rights.system..He.described.what.has.
been. done. at. the. UN. level. in. regard. to. the.
promotion, protection of human rights in the
member.states..There.are.a.lot.of.mechanisms.
were. established. known. as. mechanisms.
established under each human rights treaty
and.the.UN.charter..Apart.from.these.systems,.
it contains also, the special procedure that
can. keep. closer. monitoring. of. human. rights.
situation and record for each member state
of. the. UN,. and. for. some. particular. countries.
under this special procedure regime.
With. regard. to. ASEAN. context,. he. noticed.
with.the.signifcant.development.of.the.focus.
on human rights in the region through the
establishment of AICHR, and the attempt to
adopt an AHRD in the coming month. On this
note,. he. made. the. following. suggestions. for.
improving. the. work. AICHR. as. sub-regional.
human. rights. body. for. ASEAN,. with. the.
procedures.and.lessons.learnt.at.the.UN.level:
- Should the member states consider
to develop special procedures for
independent experts (for an immediate
term) to do reports on human rights
situation.in.member.states.to.AICHR...This.
mechanism can also provide technical
advice. and. assistance. (with. depth.
assessment, transparency) to AICHR to
fulfll its mandate more effectively;
-. Create. a. system. in. which. AICHR. can.
receive individual complaints from the
victims.within.the.territories.of.the.ASEAN.
member states, so that AICHR can then
intervene.or.take.any.necessary.measures.
on those reporting issues;
- AICHR should have a political function
that. is. a. kind. of. political. response. to. the.
situation;
- AICHR can play role in time of state of
emergency;
-. Networking. (from. civil. society,. national.
institutions) by AICHR to conduct
regular.meeting.(i.e..annual.session).with.
these. stakeholders. to. update. and. learn.
from each other strengths;
18
speaker: Ms..Glenda.Litong,.the.Philippines
Her. full. presentation. was. shown. in. the.
workshop.
I. The International system to prevent
Genocide/Crimes against Humanity
Sources.of.International.Law:
. Primary sources:
. Customary. international. law. created.
by a general and consistent practice
of. a. state. in. conformity. with. its.
perceived obligations.
prohibits genocide and crimes against
humanity, including rape and sexual
violence
International agreements have
contributed to the international
formation of the legal system. Aside
from specifcity relating to obligations,
they create legal institutions.
. International. Organizations. like. UN.
Security Council
. Secondary sources:
. National.views
. Judicial.opinions
. Bodies.of.International.Law:
. International.Criminal.Law
. International.Humanitarian.Law
. International.Human.Rights.Law
. International.Criminal.Law
Int'l system uses criminal sanctions
to discourage retribution, discredit
and. neutralize. dangerous. leaders,. in.
addition to deterring commission of a
crime.
Also a system of rules based on treaty
or custom.
Int'l criminal system has become a
speCIal sessIOn 1: WHaT Is THe ROle Of ReGIOnal Human
RIGHTs sysTems In pRevenTInG GenOCIDe? Can ReGIOnal
Human RIGHTs InTeRvene OR paRTICIpaTe In Cases Of
GenOCIDe, CRImes aGaInsT HumanITy?
moderator: mr. nay vanda, Deputy Head of aDHOCs monitoring section
fInalIzaTIOn Of THe sTaTemenT
please see THe sTaTemenT In THe annex Of THIs RepORT.
19
tool. for. wider. enforcement. of. peace.
and to end impunity.
. Crimes. created. by. international. law.
and prosecuted by int'l tribunals.
But is also site of political disputes.
Institutional arrangements: Genocide
Convention (no body to monitor),
Rome Statute and the ICC, concept of
universal.jurisdiction
. International.Humanitarian.Law.or.Law.of.
War
by treaty or custom, specifcally
intended to solve humanitarian
problems directly arising from
international or non-international
armed conficts.
. protect.persons.who.do.not,.or.are.no.
longer.taking.part.in.hostilities.(article.
3 common to the Geneva Conventions
and Protocol II) and civilians through
rules on the conduct of hostilities by
limiting the rights of the parties to a
confict to use methods and means of
warfare.of.their.choice..
. International. Humanitarian. Law. or.
Law.of.War
Individual criminal responsibility
for "grave breaches" of the Geneva
Conventions and of Additional Protocol
I, and for other serious violations of
the. laws. and. customs. of. war. (war.
crimes).
State responsibility on the same basis
as individual responsibility
Institutional arrangements: Geneva
Conventions and Additional Protocols,
universal. jurisdiction,. Ad. Hoc.
Tribunals,.ICC.(for.war.crimes).
. International.Humanitarian.Law.or.Law.of.
War
States have a duty to:
. Undertake. best. efforts. to. prevent.
acts: legal and practical measures
. both. in. peacetime. and. in. armed.
confict.situations..aimed.at.ensuring.
full. compliance. with. IHL,. including.
preventing.and.punishing.war.crimes,.
through the enactment of penal
legislation; applying fundamental
and. judicial. guarantees;. and. training.
personnel.qualifed.in.IHL.
. Cooperate.in.the.prosecution;.like.handing.
over accused, extradition
. States have collective responsibility
under article 1 common to the Geneva
Conventions to respect and to ensure
respect for the Conventions in all
circumstances
. by.treaty.or.custom,.on.the.basis.of.which.
individuals.and.groups.can.expect.and/or.
claim certain behaviour or benefts from
governments.
. provides for individual criminal
responsibility for violations that may
constitute international crimes, such as
genocide, crimes against humanity and
torture.. These. crimes. are. also. subject. to.
universal.jurisdiction..
. tailored primarily for peacetime, applies to
all persons.
. States have duty to implement rules,
include enacting criminal legislation to
outlaw.and.repress.acts.prohibited.under.
IHRL. treaties,. or. providing. for. a. remedy.
before domestic courts for violations
of specifc rights and ensuring that the
remedy is effective.
. Supervisory system consists of bodies
established. either. by. the. United. Nations.
Charter.or.by.the.main.IHRL.treaties..
. Regional human rights courts and
commissions:. distinct. feature. of. IHRL,.
with.no.equivalent.in.IHL.and.ICL..
II. asean Context
Ongoing. regional. effort. to. institutionalize. an.
ASEAN.HR.system.
. But part of an international community
governed.by.international.law.
Genocide Convention: 140 countries,
all.ASEAN.except.Thailand,.Indonesia,.
Brunei,. but. mostly. with. reservations.
on immunity against prosecutions
Geneva Conventions: All countries,
including.ASEAN.countries
. Rome. Statute:. 121. countries,. ASEAN:.
Only Cambodia, Philippines
Pertinent. ASEAN. Charter. provisions:. Art.. 2,.
sec.
a. respect for the independence, sovereignty,
equality,. territorial. integrity. ad. national.
identity.of.all.ASEAN.member.States;
b. shared commitment and collective
responsibility in enhancing regional peace
20
security and prosperity;
c. renunciation of aggression and of the
threat or use of force or other actions in
any.manner.inconsistent.with.international.
law;
e. non-interference in the internal affairs of
ASEAN.Member.States
f. respect for the right of every Member
State to lead its national existence free
from external interference, subversion
and coercion;
i. respect for fundamental freedoms, the
promotion and protection of human rights
and.the.promotion.of.social.justice;
j... upholding.the.UN.Charter.and.international.
law,. including. IHL,. subscribed. to. by.
ASEAN.Member.States;
III. Defnitions
A. Genocide: Genocide Convention
. (adopted.1948;.entered.into.force.1951)
1... Commission.of.the.following.acts:.
(a) Killing members of the group;
(b) Causing serious bodily or mental
harm to members of the group;
(c) Deliberately inficting on the group
conditions of life calculated to
bring about its physical destruction
in.whole.or.in.part;
(d) Imposing measures intended to
prevent.births.within.the.group;
(e). Forcibly. transferring. children. of.
the group to another group.
2.. Commission.with.intent.to.destroy
3.. To.destroy.a.particular.group.as.such,.
in.whole.or.in.part.a.national,.ethnical,.
racial or religious group
A. Genocide: Rome Statute
(entered into force 2002)
. any. of. the. following. acts. committed. with.
intent. to. destroy,. in. whole. or. in. part,.
a national, ethnical, racial or religious
group, as such:
(a) Killing members of the group;
(b) Causing serious bodily or mental harm
to members of the group;
(c) Deliberately inficting on the group
conditions of life calculated to bring
about.its.physical.destruction.in.whole.
or in part;
(d) Imposing measures intended to
prevent.births.within.the.group;.
(e). Forcibly. transferring. children. of. the.
group to another group.
B. Crimes Against Humanity: Rome Statute
(entered into force 2002)
. any.of.the.following.acts.when.committed.
as. part. of. a. widespread. or. systematic.
attack. directed. against. any. civilian.
population,.with.knowledge.of.the.attack:
(a) Murder;
(b). Extermination;
(c). Enslavement;.
(d) Deportation or forcible transfer of
population;
(e) Imprisonment or other severe
deprivation of physical liberty in
violation of fundamental rules of
international.law;
(f). Torture;
Rape, sexual slavery, enforced
prostitution, forced pregnancy,
enforced. sterilization,. or. any. other.
form of sexual violence of comparable
gravity;
(h) Persecution against any identifable
group or collectivity on political, racial,
national, ethnic, cultural, religious,
gender as defned in paragraph 3, or
other grounds that are universally
recognized. as. impermissible. under.
international. law,. in. connection. with.
any act referred to in this paragraph
or.any.crime.within.the.jurisdiction.of.
the Court;
(i). Enforced.disappearance.of.persons;
(j). The.crime.of.apartheid;.
(k). Other. inhumane. acts. of. a. similar.
character intentionally causing great
suffering,. or. serious. injury. to. body. or.
to mental or physical health.
C. Rape and Sexual Violence:
Historical:.Jurisprudence.shows.that.rape.and.
gender violence can constitute crimes against
humanity,. war. crimes,. grave. breaches. of. the.
Geneva Conventions, torture and genocide.
International.Humanitarian.Law:
- Prosecutor. v.. Furundzija. (ICTR):
prohibition of rape evolved in
customary.international.law
-. Rape/sexual.violence.rises.to.the.level.
of.a.war.crime.when.it.is.used.as.part.
of military strategy of ethnic cleansing
or. is. used. to. terrorize,. torture. or.
displace a population
21
- Or Crimes Against Humanity:
inhumane acts committed against any
civilian population
-. prohibition. of. outrages. against.
personal.dignity.laid.down.in.common.
Art. 3, Geneva Conventions
As Genocide
-. if.committed.with.the.specifc.intent.to.
destroy,.in.whole.or.in.part,.a.particular.
group as such
As Crime Against Humanity
-. committed.as.part.of.a.widespread.or.
systematic.attack.and.not.as.a.random.
inhumane act
Sexual. violence,. as. other. inhuman. acts.
prongs of crimes against humanity if the
conduct constituting the alleged sexual
violence is of comparable seriousness to
other enumerated crimes against humanity.
IV. Observations
Can. an. ASEAN. regional. HR. system. prevent.
genocide/crime.against.humanity?
- History of atrocities is a predictor of
future atrocities.
-. No.genocidal.destiny.that.irrevocably.
threatens any specifc ethnic groups
or.region.of.the.world.
-. While. immediate. escalation. of. mass.
violence.can.be.quite.rapid,.precedent.
sequence. of. events. is. generally.
gradual. and. profles. adequate.
warning.
If genocide or a crime against humanity
occurs.in.ASEAN,.what.can.be.done?
- Had to rely on the mechanisms
provided.by.international.law.
-. ICC. would. be. a. venue,. but. needs. to.
be. a. State. Party. (only. Cambodia/
Philippines)
-. Ad.Hoc.Tribunals.created.by.UNSC
-. Universal.jurisdiction.
. under. Genocide. Convention. but.
issue of reservations
. under. IHL. as. grave. breaches. of.
GC,.but.then.where.to.fle
-. IHRL:.supervisory.bodies
-. Advocacy. re. ASEAN. HR. system:.
need. to. take. into. account. existing.
jurisprudence;. growing. regional. HR.
jurisprudence.on.IHL/ICL.concerns.by.
regional. HR. courts;. ASEAN. charter.
which.mandates.IHL.and.international.
law. commitments. and. adherence.
to. customary. law;. recognition. of.
vulnerable groups.
speaker: Prof.. David. Cohen,. Director. War.
Crimes.Studies.Center,.U.C..Berkeley

Prof. Cohen started his comment by
introducing the concept of genocide as
serious crime under the international criminal
law. and. how. it. is. necessary. to. preventing.
crimes of genocide. He cited some examples
in the context of African Human Rights
Commission. as. he. observed. that. we. can. fnd.
on. the. website. about. human. rights. issues.
and. concerns. in. Africa,. but. we. dont. fnd. the.
confict that produce mass atrocities in Africa.
Both genocide and crimes of humanity are
forms. as. serious. international. crimes.. The.
current confict happening in the Democratic
of the Congo has demonstrated a number
of. serious. crimes. happening. including. war.
crimes and crimes against humanity.
In. the. international. context,. we. have. so. far.
seen. a. lot. of. working. groups. on. a. number.
of. serious. issues,. but. not. yet. the. working.
group. on. prevention. of. genocide,. which. is.
recommendable to be initiated and started
considering.. At. the. UN. level,. even. the.
Human.Rights.body.has.not.been.empowered.
or resources necessary to prevent such
atrocities.. There. are. actually. many. types. of.
prevention. mechanism. with. the. political. will.
is. needed. including. a. political. will. to. impose.
sanction on state committing crimes, or
creating a tribunal and investigation of crimes
that are happening. He raised another example
in.former.Yugoslavia,.Rwandaboth.of.which.
crimes. were. happening,. but. however,. the.
political. will. came. later. that. was. why. crimes.
existed,.and.then.we.could.not.prevent.those.
22
crimes from being committed. He stressed
that impunity is enemy of prevention. And to
bring someone committing serious crimes
with. individual. accountability. is. through. the.
tribunal.not.the.human.rights.body.as.it.has.now.
power.to.impose.any.criminal.responsibility.to.
the.persons.involved..For.example,.the.Human.
Rights. courts. in. Europe. or. in. African. still.
cannot hold individuals accountable for crimes
they. committed.. Therefore,. according. to. his.
opinion, prevention is based on (1) individual;
(2) state and (3) international community.
With. regard. to. ASEAN. context,. he. believed.
that the accountability and prosecution of
serious crimes at the national level is more
meaningful than at the regional or international
level.. He. said. that. in. ASEAN,. most. member.
states are not yet as states parties of the ICC.
On. the. regional. mechanism. in. ASEAN,. he.
said that the role of AICHR can be an actor
of prevention of genocide or other types of
serious human rights violations unless it is
an. independent. body. to. perform. the. job. and.
mandate..It.is.required.also.to.look.at.laws.and.
human rights institution at the member state
level,. it. would. then. be. better. to. talk. about.
prevention, and then the accountability.
Q & A:
- Killing in Argentina, the Inter-American
body intervened;
-. Role.of.human.rights.body?.
- Intervention and prevention
Question.&.Answer:
- Killing in Argentina, the Inter-American body intervened;
-. Role.of.human.rights.body?.
- Intervention and prevention
23
speCIal sessIOn 2: lessOns leaRnT fROm CambODIa On HOW TO
Deal WITH THe pasT Human RIGHTs vIOlaTIOns: exTRaORDInaRy
CHambeRs In THe COuRTs Of CambODIa (eCCC)
This special session was presented in order to share how Cambodia address the past human rights violation
through a criminal prosecution known as the eCCC. This special session was moderated by mr. kyaw lin Oo,
from myanmar.
speaker:.Mr..Neth.Pheaktra,.Press.Offcer,.
ECCC.
Topic:.An.overview.of.the.ECCC.and.its.
current.works
PICUTRE 14
Before.presenting.his.speech.about.the.ECCC,.
he. started. with. an. outreach. video. explaining.
about. this. tribunal.. Then. Mr.. Pheaktra.
explained. that. the. ECCC. is. a. hybrid. tribunal.
established to bring to trials the senior leaders
and the most responsible for the crimes and
serious human rights violations committed
during the Democratic Kampuchea (Khmer
Rouge.regime).in.the.period.of.17.April.1975.to.
6. January. 1979.. This. tribunal. was. created. by.
an.Agreement.between.the.Royal.Government.
of. Cambodia. and. the. United. Nations. in. 2003..
Then. a. Law. on. establishment. of. the. tribunal.
was. also. created. in. 2004.. It. composes. of.
majority. of. national. judicial. offcials. and.
international offcials and staffs.
He said that it came to function in mid-2006,
and. when. the. Co-prosecutors. submitted.
the. frst. submissions. under. which. fve.
accused. were. named. in. July. 2007. to. the.
Offce. of. Co-Investigating. Judges.. Unlike.
other international criminal tribunals such
as. those. in. the. former. Yugoslavia. (ICTY),. in.
Rwanda. (ICTR),. Sierra. Leone. (SCSL),. or. the.
International. Criminal. Court. (ICC),. the. ECCC.
functions. based. on. the. Cambodian. civil. law.
system. which. is. rooted. from. the. French. civil.
law. tradition.. However,. the. main. procedural.
laws. and. international. jurisprudence. are.
complemented.to.the.Cambodian.law..
This. tribunal. has. the. mandate. to. fnd. justice.
24
for. the. serious. crimes. including. war. crimes,.
crimes against humanity and genocide
committed under the leadership of the
Khmer. Rouge. regime.. The. Press. Offcer. told.
that. the. ECCC. is. the. only. hope. and. criminal.
prosecution.for.those.who.committed.serious.
crimes and to bring them accountable of
crimes. under. which. they. charged. and. then.
convicted..Through.this.trial,.we.expect.to.(1).
send.a.message.to.any.world.leaders.that.he.
or. she. or. they. will. be. criminalized. of. crimes.
under. which. they. would. have. committed.
although the time has passed for a long time
(more than 30 years for the Case of the Khmer
Rouge);.(2)..deliver.justice.for.the.victims.who.
have. been. waiting. for. more. than. 30. years;.
(3) end impunity of the past human rights
violations and crimes; (4) a model for domestic
judicial. and. legal. reform;. and. (5). contribute.
to the national reconciliation. Currently, the
are. two. cases;. Case. 001. against. Duch. was.
already completed and the charged person
was.convicted.to.life.imprisonment;.and.Case.
002 consists of 3 accused (former president of
peoples.assembly.Nuon.Chea,.former.deputy.
prime minister and minister of foreign affairs
Ieng Sary, and former head of presidium
Khieu. Samphan). while. former. social. action.
minister.was.temporarily.released.on.bail.due.
to her unftness to stand trial (of her serious
psychological. illness).. The. Case. 002. has.
been. putting. on. trials.. The. other. two. cases.
(003 and 004) have not fnally concluded by
the. Co-investigating. judges.. Presently,. there.
are approximately 16,000 people visiting and
seeking. on. the. understanding. of. the. ECCC.
proceeding.
speaker:. Mr.. Long. Panhavuth,. Program.
Offcer,.Cambodia.Justice.Initiative.(CJI)
Topic:. How. the. hybrid. tribunal. address. the.
past human rights violation, and its challenges
PICUTRE 15
Mr. Panhavuth provided his insight from a
long-standing. court. monitor. from. CJI-. NGO..
Below.is.an.extract.of.his.presentation.during.
the.workshop.
Goal of the tribunal:
- Condemnation of the crimes committed
during the Khmer Rouge time and dealing
with.the.past;
-. Promoting. justice. and. peace. insider. the.
country;
- Creating a historical record (through
evidence,. hearings,. witnesses.
testimonies.);
-. Fulflling. the. diverse. expectations. from.
the people, particularly the victims of the
crimes;
-. Contributing. to. the. national. judiciary.
(legacy of the court);
-. Seeking.the.truth;
Short comings:
-. Limited. scoped. for. crimes. based. to. be.
investigated by the Co-Investigating
judges.on.a.number.of.cases;
-. Only. deal. with. the. senior. leaders. the.
regime and the most responsible person
for. the. crimes. committed;. which. made. a.
large portion of people unhappy about this
limited.jurisdiction;
-. Politicization. of. cases. (Case. 003. and. 004).
which.might.affect.the.legitimacy.or.a.fair.
trial process;
-. How.to.transfer.the.legacy.of.the.tribunal.
to the national level;
- Creating trust and confdence (because
of different standards);
-. Dual. system. (i.e.. Cambodian. and. UN.
management). which. somehow. left. some.
issues unresolved properly;
-. No.unifed.spokesperson.who.can.publicly.
bring the information about the court to the
public.(at.the.moment.we.have.the.courts.
national. spokesperson. and. international.
one);
-. Lacking. constituency. support. if. the. court.
does not fulfll its mandate properly, for
example. the. reparations. projects. to. the.
victims;
- Short funding to continuously support the
work.of.the.court;
- Creating a lot of unlimited expectations
among. the. public,. and. how. to. deal. with.
those expectations in practice;
The. speaker. concluded. that. despite. a. lot. of.
25
challenges. facing,. a. hybrid. tribunal. like. the.
ECCC. is. the. only. way. to. deal. with. the. past.
human.rights.abuses.as.it.will.not.cost.so.much.
money. (cheap);. with. clear. timeframe. to. fulfll.
its.mandate..Or.otherwise,.these.crimes.would.
be.left.unsettle.and.impunity.would.continue.to.
exist. He said this criminal prosecution in the
end. provided. a. lesson. learned. not. only. with.
Cambodian. context. but. also. for. the. ASEAN.
region. as. well.. He. draw. another. lesson.
learnt that the existence of the tribunal in the
place. where. the. crimes. had. occurred. would.
attracted.a.lot.of.support.from.the.majority.of.
victims,.and.the.public.as.it.would.contributes.
to.the.historical.record.of.what.had.happened;.
it. was. easily. to. investigate;. it. allowed. the.
victims.who.suffered.the.crimes.to.participate.
in the criminal proceedings.
speaker:. Mr.. Hisham. Mousar,. Project.
Coordinator,. Royal. University. of. Law. and.
Economics
Topic:. Academic. view. of. the. ECCC. in.
addressing serious crimes and its contribution
to.international.law.development
PICUTRE 16
Being experienced in the closed monitoring
of. the. ECCC,. and. a. professor. of. international.
law,. Mr.. Mousar,. felt. very. supportive. to. the.
establishment. of. the. ECCC. in. Cambodia..
He. said. this. tribunal. was. so. signifcant. for.
the Cambodian people; academies inside
Cambodia and outside international legal
community.at.large..The.operation.at.the.ECCC.
is another contribution to the development
of. international. criminal. law,. particularly.
a. new. feature. of. victims. participating. as.
civil. partiesa. legal. theory. derived. from.
the Cambodian criminal procedure code
and. rooted. from. the. French. criminal. law.
system. He said about the role of international
relations. that. bring. the. relations. between.
states. and. states,. and. therefore. will. be. a.
source. for. broadening. up. the. modernization.
of.the.domestic.law.including.Cambodian.civil.
law.systemcurrently.applied.at.the.national.
level. and. at. the. ECCC.. Professor. Mousar.
told that legacy of this tribunal can be not
only for the Cambodian society, but for the
international. level;. and/or. the. international.
law.theory.development..
He. stressed. that. the. ECCC. has. dealt. with.
international. crimes. within. the. context. of.
international. criminal. law. known. as:. crimes.
against. humanity,. war. crimes. and. genocide..
The.Chambers.at.the.ECCC.have.applied.these.
crimes and charged the Accused being on
trial.. In. the. end,. the. judgments. handed. down.
by. the. ECCC. will. become. jurisprudence. for.
other. like-minded. tribunals. and. Cambodian.
national.court.to.follow,.and.to.learn.from..For.
this.he.said,.it.would.be.a.good.idea.for.ASEAN.
to consider in the future of mainstreaming
its. various. legal. framework. to. deal. with.
international crimes, either in form of a human
rights.court.or.the.work.of.the.AICHR.to.further.
elaborate. such. initiative.. Those. crimes. are.
crimes.within.the.jurisdictions.of.the.member.
states. of. ASEAN,. however,. in. so. far. only. the.
Philippines and Cambodia have ratifed the
Rome. Statute. which. give. another. venue. for.
addressing serious crimes before the ICC.
In the end of his note, he called on the civil
society play and academies to play more
substantive. and. supportive. roles. in. making.
sure. the. past. human. rights. abuses. wherever.
it occurred inside the member states of
ASEAN. shall. be. placed. as. a. priority. to. call.
for the government of that state or AICHR to
intervene.or.even.take.necessary.measure.to.
prevent and stop.
Question.&.Answer:
-. Why.do.we.a.need.such.a.court.
to.address.the.violations?
-. What.are.lessons.learnt.from.
Cambodia?
- Impunity is a long struggle; but
are.there.any.lessons.learnt?
26
Mr.. Rafendi. Djamin,. as. an. Executive. Director.
of.HRWG
Mr.. Djamin. expressed. his. impression. at. the.
last. session. that,. . this. 2nd. workshop. showed.
on. how. the. CSOs. thought. about. its. roles. and.
strategies. as. well. as. their. refection. about.
the. work. of. ASEAN. in. general. and. AICHR. in.
particular, a body that is established to deal
with.human.rights.issues.in.the.ASEAN.region..
He said that based on the current mandate,
AICHR has limited mandate to better protect
human. rights. that. is. why. we. need. to. work.
together. to. make. it. stronger.. He. reminded.
that in so far AICHR had conducted press
conferences;. the. frst. one. was. held. in. 2011.
in. Myanmar. and. the. second. one. was. held.
in Cambodia. He also pointed out that the
CSOs have many more positive roles to play
with. the. ASEAN. Human. Rights. mechanisms;.
therefore,. they. need. to. maximize. their. roles.
in doing so both at the national level and at
the. regional. level.. Mr.. Djamin. suggested. that.
any recommendations for the next three-year
for. AICHR. collectively. made. by. the. NGOs.
should be submitted to AICHR and copied to
other. member. states. so. that. they. are. well.
informed about these inputs and concerns.
At the moment, in fact, AICHR has been in
the. process. of. fnalizing. its. Guidelines. on.
Engagement. with. CSOs,. and. if. it. becomes.
fnalized. it. would. help. the. CSOs. a. lot.. Finally,.
once. again. he. thanked. to. all. participants,.
particularly.to.the.Co-organizers.who.were.so.
committed.to.make.this.workshop.successful.
Mr.. Suon. Bunsak,. Executive. Secretary. of.
CHRAC
Mr..Bunsak.concluded.the.two-day.workshop.
with. signifcant. emphasis. on. the. topic.
and. issues. that. were. actively. discussed.
during the days until it achieved a great
joint. statement. that. indicate. a. wide. ranges.
of. recommendations. addressing. to. make.
AICHRs. next. term. better. (see. annex).. He.
thanked. HRWG. for. partnering. this. workshop.
and bringing experts and participants from
ASEAN. region. to. this. important. event. in.
Phnom. Penh.. It. was. not. just. only. a. way. to.
share the lessons learnt to the Cambodian
CSOs. but. also. to. teach. them. on. how. to. work.
together. in. the. ASEAN. context. through. joint.
and collaborative advocacy effort. He stressed
that.the.work.of.AICHR.was.very.important.for.
us.it.would.also.cost.a.lot.of.struggles,.life.for.a.
better future generation. He fnally closed the
workshop.offcially.
ClOsInG RemaRks
27
annexes
28
DAY/.TIME ACTIVITIES
Sunday, 21 Oct 2012 Arrival and registration of participants
(PM- Media Briefng on ASEAN Human Rights Systems)
*Optional: (AM) Visit Tuol Sleng Genocidal Museum and Choeung Ek Killing Field
Monday, 22 Oct 2012 Day 1 - Regional Human Rights Systems: Dynamisms, Challenges and
Opportunities & The Role of Civil Society
08.00-09.00 Registration
09.00-10.00 Welcome Speeches
Mr. Thun Saray, Chairperson of CHRAC/ President of ADHOC
Introduction and objective of the Workshop:
Ms. Yuyun Wahyuningrum, Senior Advisor on ASEAN and Human Rights, HRWG
10.00-10.30 Coffee /Tea Break
10:30-13:00 Plenary 1: The Evolution of the regional human rights systems: are we in the
right direction?
Speakers:
H.E Rafendi Djamin, Indonesias Representative to the AICHR
Mr David Padilla, Former assistant executive secretary, Inter-American
Commission on Human Rights
Mr. Adem Kassie ABEBE, Centre for Human Rights, University of Pretoria
Moderator: Ms. Jelen Paclarin, Executive Director of WLB, the Philippines
13.00-14.00 Lunch
14.00-16.00 Plenary 2: Cross-Regional Advocacy Agenda in Strengthening Human Rights
Systems: meaning, indicators and bases (each speaker should represent one
case study)
CSO Participation /space
Complementarity of regional human rights with national system (conformity
of regional convention to national law)
Efforts to establish or pursue a regional convention
Speakers:
Ms. Viviana Krsticevic, Executive Director of Center for Justice and
International Law (CEJIL) - video
Ms. Yuyun Wahyuningrum, Senior Advisor on ASEAN and Human Rights,
HRWG Indonesia
Mr. Adem Kassie ABEBE, Centre for Human Rights, University of Pretoria
Moderator: Mr. Kuol Panha, Executive Director of Committee for Free and Fair
Elections in Cambodia (COMFREL)
WORksHOp pROGRam
29
DAY/.TIME ACTIVITIES
16:30-18:00 Plenary 3: What next for second three-year of AICHR?
Group Discussion & Presentation
19.00-21.00 Welcome Dinner
Tuesday, 23 Oct 2012 Day 2 - Regional Human Rights Systems: Civil Society Agenda for the next three
years
09.00-10:30 Plenary 4: The life after the adoption of AHRD
Speakers:
Ms. Yuni Chuzaifah, Chairperson, National Commission on Violence Against
Women, Indonesia
Mr. Ian Seiderman, Senior legal and policy director, ICJ
Moderator: Mr. Suon Bunsak, Executive Secretary, CHRAC
10.3011.00 Coffee / Tea Break
11.00- 13.00 Finalization of the Statement and Recommendation
13.00-14.30 Lunch
Press Conference on the Three-Year of Anniversary of AICHR
14.30-16.00 Special Session 1: What is the role of regional human rights systems in
preventing genocide? Can regional human rights intervene or participate in
cases of genocide, crimes against humanity?
Speakers:
Ms. Glenda Litong, the Philippines
Ms. Norul Rashid, Executive Director, Roul Wallenberg Institute
Prof. David Cohen, Director War Crimes Studies Center, U.C. Berkeley (tbc)
Moderator: Mr. Nay Vanda, Deputy Head of ADHOCs Monitoring Section
16.3017.30 Special Session 2: Lessons learnt from Cambodia on how to deal with the Past
Human Rights Violations: Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia
(ECCC)
Speakers:
Mr. Neth Pheaktra, Press Offcer, ECCC
Mr. Long Panhavuth, Program Offcer, Cambodia Justice Initiative
Mr. Hisham Mousar, Project Coordinator, Royal University of Law and
Economics
Moderator: Mr. Kyaw Lin Oo
17.30-18.00 Evaluation & Closing remarks
30
Phnom Penh, Cambodia, 23 October 2012
1. We, members of civil society organizations from Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR,
Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Vietnam and Singapore gathered in Phnom Penh, Cambodia for the
2
nd
Workshop on the Strengthening of ASEAN Human Rights Systems on October 22-23, 2012 with the
aim to exchange experiences, and advocacy approaches among civil society organizations in order to
strengthen the role of regional human rights bodies in promoting and protecting human rights. The event
was organized jointly by Human Rights Working Group (HRWG), the Cambodian Human Rights Action
Committee (CHRAC), and Cambodian Human Rights and Development Association (ADHOC).
2. On the occasion of the three-year anniversary of ASEAN Inter-governmental Commission of Human
Rights (AICHR), we would like to convey our appreciation for efforts undertaken by the AICHR in the
period of 2009-2012. We believe that AICHR can do more and better in implementing their mandates as
mention in the Terms of Reference (TOR) of AICHR.
3. As the frst Asias human rights body, we envisage that AICHR will evolve into a credible, independent,
responsive and accessible regional human rights mechanism in ASEAN. We urge AICHR to improve its
ways of working in decision-making process and procedures to include in agenda-setting, planning and
other relevant deliberations to be more open, inclusive, participatory and transparent. AICHR should
ensure that its activities, decisions and plan of actions are made available to the public to generate
awareness and support.
Focus for the next three years of AICHR
4. We encourage AICHR to strengthen the articulation and the implementation of the mandate in
developing strategies for the promotion and protection of human rights (Article 4.1), enhancing public
awareness on human rights through education, research and dissemination (Article 4.3), engaging in
dialogue and consultation with the ASEAN bodies and stakeholders including civil society (Article 4.8)
and in obtaining information from ASEAN Member States on the promotion and protection of human
rights (Article 4.10) for the next period of 2013-2015.
5. We believe that recognizing and engaging civil society is and must be an essential pre-condition for
democratically legitimate decision-making process of AICHR, aimed at ensuring the guarantee for the
respect, promotion, protection and fulfllment of human rights and freedoms for all people in ASEAN.
We are convinced that the engagement with civil society is integral to achieve the goal of the ASEAN
Community building. We call for AICHR to work in collaboration with civil society to have a major
platform to provide a venue for dialogue and engagement with civil society prior to each ordinary
session of AICHR.
6. We urge AICHR to expedite the fnalization of the Guideline for Engagement with Civil Society Groups.
7. We urge AICHR to commence the process of reviewing its Terms of References which fall due in 2015
pursuant to Article 9.6 of the Terms of Reference of AICHR.
Standard-Setting
8. We commend the initiative of drafting the ASEAN Human Rights Declaration (AHRD) as an important
milestone of setting human rights standards in the region. However, we condemn the adoption of the
draft of AHRD as its contents have been lower than international human rights standards, including
CIvIl sOCIeTys ReCOmmenDaTIOns fOR THe nexT THRee
yeaRs Of THe asean InTeR-GOveRnmenTal COmmIssIOn
On Human RIGHTs (aICHR)
31
the provisions on balancing of rights and responsibilities, limitation of rights, national and regional
particularities, public morality and the non-recognition of rights in relation to sexual orientation and
gender identity, and indigenous people. We are concerned that it may be used to undermine international
standards, which are applicable to ASEAN Member States.
9. AHRD does not have legitimacy and credibility because AICHR did not share the document to public
during the process of drafting until its process of fnalization. We believe this act is in contradiction with
the aim of ASEANs commitment toward a people-oriented community.
10. Understanding that AICHR will come up with a convention on human rights after AHRD, we demand
that AICHR takes all necessary measures to ensure that the convention adheres to the international
standards and the process of consultation with stakeholders including civil society and the victims of
human rights violations must be inclusive, participatory and empowering.
Institutional Building
11. We urge AICHR to explore the possibility to expand protection and promotion mechanisms to include:
a) developing a process of communication of complaints and their engagement with member states,
b) appointing independent experts to asses country-based, cross-border and thematic-based human
rights issues in ASEAN, c) establishing an inquiry procedure in relation to systematic or wide spread
human rights violations and a commensurate undertaking by member states to respond thereto, and d)
exploring the possibility of aligning AICHR with other organs in terms of structures, institutionalization,
and standards on human rights.
12. We urge AICHR to establish a mechanism to ensure the protection of the integrity and safety of persons
who cooperate with AICHR.
13. We encourage AICHR to take a role as mediatory between complainants and ASEAN Member States
toward better resolution of conficts and disputes, i.e. over the land rights dispute and border clashes.
14. We demand AICHR to assist ASEAN member states compliance with due diligence measures following
international human rights standards. It must take necessary steps to remove barriers to access to
justice for women, children, marginalized groups, detainees and prisoners and victims of human rights
violations.
15. We urge AICHR to proactively engage with national human rights institutions by raising awareness,
information exchange, capacity-building activities.
AICHR Secretariat
16. We welcome the Chairmans Statement of the 20
th
ASEAN Summit, dated 3-4 April 2012 on the creation
of dedicated of AICHR secretariat. This point of action is in line with the recommendation of the 1
st
Civil
Society Forum on AICHR to the 44
th
ASEAN Minister Meeting (AMM) that was organized in Jakarta on
July 2011. We believe this initiative will contribute towards a forward looking and an effective AICHR.
17. We recommend that AICHR conduct open recruitment for its staffs in leadership positions of the
Secretariat bearing in mind regional representation. Their engagement should be based on expertise in
the feld of human rights and consist of at least 50% women.
18. We urge ASEAN Foreign Ministers to ensure that suffcient funds are provided to the AICHR Secretariat
to enable its effcient operation.
19. We encourage AICHR to mandate the Secretariat to bridge the relationship and communication gaps
between AICHR and general public, including civil society and victims of human rights violations in
ASEAN.
20. We call for AICHR to review its Guidelines on the Operation and make necessary amendment to ensure
that AICHR respects the principles of transparency, independence, and participation.
32
No Country Name Email
1 Brunei
Darussalam
Ms. SitiZalehaHjKaprawi, BSWC (funded by
HRWG)
siti_kaprawi@hotmail.com
2 Ms. HjhMordiahHj
Jackia, BSWC (self-funding)
mesa.consultant@gmail.com
3 Ms. PgHjhZabaidahKamaludin
(self-funding)
the Brunei Social Welfare Council of Women of
Brunei Darussalam (shared room)
phzabaidah@gmail.com
4 Cambodia Mr. ThunSaray, Chairperson of CHRAC/ President of
ADHOC
saray@online.com.kh
5 Mr. Nay.Vanda, Deputy head of HR Monitoring
ADHOC
6 Mr. Srorn Srun, Cambodia Women Caucus ssrorn09@gmail.com
7 Mr. Neth.Pheaktra, Press Offcer of ECCC neth.pheaktra@eccc.gov.kh
8 Mr. Hisham Mousar, Project Coordinator, Royal
University of Law and Economics
9 Mr. Long.Panhavuth, Program Offcer of Cambodia
Justice Initiative
10 Mr. SounBunsak,.Executive Secretary suonbunsak@yahoo.com
11 Mr. OeungJeudy, Program Offcer of CHRAC jeudychrac@yahoo.com
12 Mr. Neb.Sinthay, Executive Director of API
13 Mr. Tith.Sopheak, CARAM Cambodia caram.cam@online.com.kh
14 Sloane Kaphlan Sloane.kaphlan@gmail.com
15 Mr. Phorn.Rathnak, Program Offcer, CVS
16 Ms. SEAP.Sinet, Youth Empowerment Offcer, YRDP contactsinet@gmail.com
17 Ms. Chan Somaly, Communication Offcer of CCiM
18 Mr. Kim Sambath, CDP sambathcdp@yahoo.com
19 Mr. Koul Panha, COMFREL kpanha@comfrel.org
20 Chan.Krisna.Sawada,
Political Offcer at the British Embassy in Phnom Penh
chan.sawada@fco.gov.uk
21 Mr. Man Vuthy, CLEC vuthy@clec.org.kh
22 Mrs. Dy Ratha, Executive Director of IDA ngo.indradevi@yahoo.com
23 Mr. Dy.Thehoy, Coordinator WGP dythehoyalove@yahoo.com
24 Nhov.Brem, Star Kampuchea star.voe@starkampuchea.org.kh
25 Ms. Soeum Soren, LSCW
26 Mr. Nov.Sakaroch skr_nov@yahoo.com
27 Mr. Nuon.Sidara sidara011@yahoo.com
28 Mr. Daniel Cohe cohedj@gmail.com
29 Ms. Lach.Sreytouch, CHRAC touch_jerry@yahoo.com
30 Mr. Eang.Chantha, CHRAC eang_chantha@yahoo.com
31 Mr. Hun.Seang.Hak, CHRAC hak_seang@yahoo.com
lIsT Of aTTenDanTs
33
32 Mr. Nhean.Sam.Ath, CHRAC khmer2018@gmail.com
33 Indonesia Ms. YuyunWahyuningrum, Senior Advisor on
ASEAN and Human Rights, HRWG
Wahyuningrum@gmail.com
34 Mr. RafendiDjamin, Indonesia Rep to AICHR rafendidjamin@gmail.com
35 Mr. Daniel.Awigra, Program Manager, HRWG awigra@gmail.com
36 Ms. YuniChuzaifah, Chairperson, National
Commission on Violence Against Women, Indonesia
yunich1@yahoo.com
37 YuliRustinawati, Chairperson, ArusPelangi yuli@aruspelangi.or.id
38 Restaria.F..Hutabarat, Vice of Director
Jakarta Legal Aid Institute (LBH Jakarta)
resta_hutabarat@yahoo.com
39 Mr. JokoSulistyo joko.sulistyo11@gmail.com
40 Lao PDR Ms. InnakhoneVorachak, Human Right monitoring
unit of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment
Association (SAEDA)
innakhone@hotmail.com
41 Malaysia Ms. Honey.Tan honeytan@gmail.com
42 Daniel.Lo, Malaysia Bar Association daniel_lo@akdl.com
43 Myanmar Kyaw.Lin.Oo, Coordinator, Myanmar Peoples Forum ukyawlinoo@gmail.com
44 AungMyo Minh, Director HREIB myominburma@gmail.com
45 Philippines Ms. Glenda.Litong gtlitong@gmail.com
46 JelenPaclarin jelen.paclarin@gmail.com
47 Kris Merginio
48 Singapore Mr. SinapanSammydorai, Think Center samysd@pacifc.net.sg
49 Thailand Ms. ChalidaTajaroensuk, Peoples Empowerment
Foundation
chalida.empowerment@gmail.com
50 Ian Seiderman, senior legal and policy director, ICJ ian.seiderman@icj.org
51 Vietnam Mr. Le.QuangBinh, ISEE lqbinh@isee.org.vn
52 Mr. Dinh Bach, Director, LPSD bachlpsd@gmail.com
53 Regional
Orgs
Naomi.Kinsella, Director, ABA ROLI naomi.americanbar@gmail.com, cc
to: byolanda.roli@gmail.com
54 Mr. David Padilla, Former assistant executive
secretary, Inter-American Commission on Human
Rights
dpadilla44@aol.com
55 Donors/
Partners
Mr. Sok.Pitour, NPA
56 Ms. Sanna.Kozak.Denhlin, Swedish Embassy
57 Prof. David Cohen, UC Berkeley
58 Aung Myo Minh, Director HREIB myominburma@gmail.com
59 Ms. Aviva.Nababan, Director of AIJI Cambodia
Program
aviva.nababan@aijigroup.com
34
Please thick the appropriate columns below:
No Assessment Object Poor Suffce Good Very Good NA
Plenary 1: The Evolution of the regional
human rights systems: are we in the right
direction?
0 2 15 5 1
Percentage (%) 8.70% 65.22% 21.74% 4.35%
Plenary 2: Cross-Regional Advocacy Agenda
in Strengthening Human Rights Systems:
meaning, indicators and bases (each
speaker should represent one case study)
0 2 15 5 1
Percentage (%) 8.70% 65.22% 21.74% 4.35%
Plenary 3: What next for second three-year
of AICHR?
0 4 10 7 2
Percentage (%) 17.39% 43.48% 30.43% 8.70%
Plenary 4: The life after the adoption of
AHRD
0 7 10 5 1
Percentage (%) 30.43% 43.48% 21.74% 4.35%
Finalization of the Statement and
Recommendation
0 5 13 3 2
Percentage (%) 21.74% 56.52% 13.04% 8.70%
Special Session 1: What is the role
of regional human rights systems in
preventing genocide? Can regional human
rights intervene or participate in cases of
genocide, crimes against humanity?
0 1 16 3 3
Percentage (%) 4.35% 69.57% 13.04% 13.04%
Special Session 2: Lessons learnt from
Cambodia on how to deal with the Past
Human Rights Violations: Extraordinary
Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC)
0 3 10 6 4
Percentage (%) 13.04% 43.48% 26.09% 17.39%
Rooms & Facilities 0 3 11 7 2
Percentage (%) 13.04% 47.83% 30.43% 8.70%
Food 0 3 14 6 0
Percentage (%) 13.04% 60.87% 26.09%
evaluaTIOn ResulTs
This evaluation was done at the end of the workshop with the present participants.
35
MORE COMMENTS:
Need more time and ensure that all participants have good understanding of draft ASEAN Human Right
Declaration prior to the workshop, so they can contribute to drafting the statement. Perhaps, the workshop
itself is not used to make a statement but instead it builds the understanding of Declaration, then using
Wikidocs/Googledocs to make a statement. This takes more time but may allow more organizations to
contribute.
The special session 1 and 2 should be on the First day to provide the fact and lesson learnt for broader
discussion and to bring ideas to our recommendations.
Should think of justice mechanism for human rights cases (get idea from the hybrid tribunal).
Hope to have this kind of seminars next times.
AICHR or CSOs should play more important role in promoting ASEAN Human Rights Declaration to the public.
Moreover, they have to make sure that ASEAN human rights system is a mechanism to support ASEAN
human rights. AICHR is not only a body but also the institution that works/serves for ASEAN human rights, so
AICHR mandate is better protect, promote and solve the problems related to human rights violations.
Requesting more participation from the Cambodian participants as we are the workshop organizers.
Some speakers speak so slowly.
If we would have this workshop again, it would better to have longer time for discussion and involved the
grassroots to attend this workshop.
Should include more discussion about LGBT rights, particularly when debating about draft ASEAN Human
Rights Declaration. All members of ASEAN should support and protect the rights of LGBT.
Excellent time-keeping and management by the organizers.
Excellent tour to Tuol Sleng genocide museum and killing feld, and the dinner which helps build relationships
and exchange of networks.
Workshop was well-organized though there were some missing speakers.
Tuol Sleng prison and killing feld was an eye opener, is the atrocities of the Pol Pot regime.
Look forward for more workshops and a follow up to the AHRD.
Really strong suggest preparing on Khmer language because it was held in Cambodia.
It is much better if Cambodian NGOs on human rights sector participant much.
On behalf of Cambodian and one of Asian countries, want AICHR to add more General Principles on
fundamental freedoms of expression, property rights and particularly the right to fair trial. Those are what
the developing countries are facing, especially Cambodia. It is really sensitive task.
Organizers must take into consideration the varying levels of perspectives/understanding of participants to
make the workshop more effective.
The civil society must strengthen monitoring system and structure to push AICHR to take action effectively
in the short future.
The civil society should organize more workshops at the national level before going to regional workshop in
order to raise more awareness to different stakeholders.
36
37
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ADHOC
jointly Organized by:
CHRaC, HRWG and aDHOC
The report was prepared by: CHRAC Secretariat

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On 22-23 October 2012

At Imperial Garden Villa and Hotel, Phnom Penh, Cambodia

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On 22-23 October 2012

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