TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 PART A: ESSAY ON EFFECTS OF JUNK FOOD TO HUMAN.............................................. 2 2.0 PART B: ESSAY ON PROCESS OF GREENHOUSE TO OCCUR ........................................... 5 REFERENCES .............................................................................................................. 7

[1]

1.0 PART A: ESSAY ON EFFECTS OF JUNK FOOD TO HUMAN Junk food is food that is not suitable for maintaining ones health, especially children. However, the food remains a favourite to most people who live in this modern life. Health educational to promote healthy diet seems unaffected to people, because the intake of junk food based on a variety of reason, including low price of this food, and the good taste they have. Somehow, junk food may always seem appetizing; especially for those whom does not understanding the health consequences of their eating habit. There are many negative impacts arising from taking this kind of food to health, psychological and social. Saturated fat and cholesterol in junk food eventually narrows blood vessels and can cause high blood pressure, suffering heart disease, and vulnerable to high risk of becoming blind especially when a person is increasing in age. Junk food and all the hidden calories within liquid drinks have contributed to the increasing number of overweight and obesity of many Malaysian. Excessive intake of sodium and calories are as well resulting to increasing of other cardiovascular disease. Sodium limit for adults is less than 2300 mg per days. However, Lisa Nainggolan (2010) from her research state that most adults consume average of 3500 mg of sodium per day, with more than 75% of dietary sodium coming from packaged, restaurant foods and junk food. Processed and refined foods, including junk food contribute to development of cataracts and glaucoma, which untreated, both will cause blindness. Fats found in junk food such as chocolate, cookies, French fries and potato chips found to cause increasing in eye disease. Eating junk food indirectly decrease aerobic capacity. When a body digested glucose, the body will sending out a ton of insulin where they body will prevent fat burned as fuel, causing extra cholesterol and fat are accumulate in the artery, cause blood pressure to increase. Our body then forced to pump blood harder in order the blood to pass through small diameter of artery and this will lead to decreased aerobic capacity and heart attack. Hence, consumption of this kind of food should be control before severe harm and effect to fall upon us. Junk food effects on our psychological. Excessive intake of these foods will cause disruption and harm to brain. Imbalance content of junk food with high protein and low carbohydrates is not for human brain development. The brain needs glucose to function properly, but excessive fat content can decrease concentration and memory with the way it sends messages. According to a study written by Lucy Osborne (2012), that children given more junk food meals will grow up have a lower Intelligent Quotient (IQ) than those who
[2]

regularly eat freshly cooked meals. The brains fastest rate of growing is within first three years of babys birth and during this period of developing brain, it may encourage optimal brain growth and fuel brain development. Unessential food given to them interfere the brain development. Childrens learning ability is the long-term effect of brain damage. As we know, diet has a significant effect on childrens study habits. High sugar content in junk food will deplete energy levels and their ability to concentrate for a long period, especially when they are in class. They may feel lack of energy and feel fatigued that they need to complete daily tasks. We will experience stress as the high levels of sugar secretes by pancreas with high amount of insulin need to prevent increasing in blood sugar levels. After we eat junk food, we will feel grumpy and craving because junk food is very innutritious food that needed by our body system. Bad eating habits not only affect our psychologically and bodies healthy, but also can trigger social problems. Food colourings and flavourings are common to most candy have concluded that confections cause hyperactivity to children to even worse. Recent studies carried out by Southampton General Hospital and colleagues (Andreas Moritz, 2007) on impact of artificial food colourings and benzoate preservatives on the behaviour of 277 preschool children where children experiences hyperactivity and allergies when they eat junk food. The result is the childrens hyperactivity fell after withdrawal of food additives from the childrens diets and hyperactivity increased when food additives were re-introduced. Large quantities of junk food that we ingest can cause obesity because junk food will encourage us to eat more. This obesity problem can cause more side impacts such as antisocial behaviour, frustrated unhappy life, not productive, and feels useless. A diet high in junk food lacks of antioxidants that we can found in fruits and vegetables increasing the risk of depression. When ones is obesity, they do not want to socialize with other due to lack of confidence and low self-esteem. Self-esteem and confidence in oneself are the most important to a growing child, and when they regularly consuming junk food in their routine diet, it can negatively affect this sense of self, which has negative impacts to their performance in school and social relationship. Needs on junk food is more apparent nowadays as people are more likely to move faster every time. Workloads prompted some people to make junk food as their choice. Many people do not realize that junk food only contain little calories and zero nutrient. Limiting consumption of junk food is usually sufficient to prevent health consequences, rather than avoiding it. Healthy effects on consuming junk food are more to cardiovascular disease,
[3]

blindness, and obesity. The physiological effects to brain development and childrens learning, while social effect are more to self-esteem, low self-confidence, and destruct ones social. Choose healthy food such as vegetables and fruits over this junk food will prevent many long-term disadvantages that are not only healthy, but also physiological and as well, social. (957 words)

[4]

2.0 PART B: ESSAY ON PROCESS OF GREENHOUSE TO OCCUR The greenhouse is the global warming effect that happens when concentration of gases in a confined space to rise and block heat from escaping. It occur when composition of gases such as nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide rises above normal levels, and when composition of gases increases, the gas molecules will trap heat and slows down heat energy that radiated and reflected into atmosphere. There are several type of gases that may involve in the process of the greenhouse. Gas such as carbon dioxide enters the atmosphere through burning of fossil fuels, and trees. Methane released during the generation by transportation, livestock, and agricultural activities. Nitrogen dioxide released during industrial activities as well as during combustion of fossil fuels and waste product. These gases known as greenhouse gases, and hovering at spaces of the atmosphere. Energy and ultraviolet ray from the sun travels through the atmosphere to the earth. It is a normal when the land and sea absorb heat from the sun. When the land and sea experienced hotter weather, it causes more heat to reflect back to space. In this situation, the atmosphere acts as a blanket and traps some of the heat. As the earths atmosphere is need a long period to become stable, incoming energy to earth surface and outgoing energy to reflected back to the atmosphere need to be equal and this process of balancing incoming and outgoing energy is called radiative equilibrium. When the heat energy trying to radiated into spaces as infrared ray, the heat ended up trapped by greenhouse gases resulting from human activities that release greenhouse gases. The heat energy re-emit and reflecting all direction by greenhouse molecules when it tries to reflect back to atmosphere. This trapped heat will raise the temperature of the earth and it will remains make the earth even hotter, because the molecules and atoms within it move around more quickly. Carbon dioxide that trapped in the atmosphere is remains in space for 200 years long, while methane remains in space for 12 years. The effect of unreleased heat energy back to spaces does not cause temperature to rise. However, gases that contain atoms and molecules will radiate thermal infrared energy that will definitely cause the temperature of the Earth to rises and the Earth will experiences global warming. The implication of the greenhouse are not only to human activities, but also pollution, climate changes, sea level to rise due to dilution of earth poles, and destruction of social
[5]

ecosystem that included human health, agriculture, and species. Energy savings is one of many methods to reduce the greenhouse by reducing gas emissions released from vehicles such as using public transport to go everywhere. Smaller things we can do to help such as do not waste electricity, reduce, reuse, or recycle all kinds of items and planting trees is all we can do to save the earth as the earth is the only place to human to live. (502 words)

[6]

REFERENCES Andreas Moritz (2007). Timeless Secrets of Health & Rejuvenation: Breakthrough Medicine For The 21st Century. New York: Ener-Chi Wellness Center. Andrew F. Smith (2006). Encyclopedia of Junk Food and Fast Food. Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. Debra L. Zebari (2007). Obesity: Breaking Through To The Thin Within. Michigan: Wayne State University. Lisa Nainggolan (2010). Salt To Go: US Fast Food Contains Excessive Levels of Sodium. Retrieved June 30, 2013 from http://www.theheart.org/article/1071405.do Lucy Osborne (2012). Fast Food Children Develop Lower IQs: Junk Diet Has A Lasting Effect, Warn Experts. Retrieved June 30, 2013 from http://www.dailymail.co.uk/ Paul Przyborski. Earths Energy Budget. Retrieved June 30, 2013 from http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/EnergyBalance/page4.php

[7]