!!!"#$%&'(#$&)#'*&+(",+- AB Solutions - 11 - /&0 /,)!

$(&1
R6201, LF I5ACPU3A+,?A % @23AAB6?C
1st problem: \ou are gien the unction

y f x #
! "
and you are looking at between x a # and x b # .\ou are then
going to rotate the unction about the 2-axis. 1he 3-D object you get appears like the one below.
\e wish to ind the olume o the object. I you are to look at a cross section by slicing it
perpendicular to the 2-axis, we get a circle. 1he ormal name or this circle is 3 >5AC. 1he area o this
disk is %R
2
where < is the radius o the disk. In reality though, this disk is a 3-D shape with a width
o &x . So the olume o a representatie disk is % > R x
2
& . I we take thinner and thinner disks,
&x gets close to zero. So the olume o the solid is

lim
n
i
i
n
R x
<:
#
% >
=
2
1
& which we know to be a
Reimann sum. Our job is to ind <. 1he way we will do this is to draw the Radius and label the
endpoint as x y ,
! "
So we end up with the disk ormula:

V R dx
a
b
# %
!
2

b

a

The Disk Formula
if width of disk is along x - axis
if width of disk is along y - axis
y f x #
! "



R

x y ,
! "

V R dx
a
b
# %
!
2

V R dy
c
d
# %
!
2
2nd problem: 1he problem remains the same except the region between two cures are rotated about the 2-axis.
Instead o creating a disk, we create a washer ,2 concentric circles with air` in between, Using
the same argument, the area o the washer is R r
2 2
# where < is the outside radius and ( is the
inside radius. So, we end up with V R r dx
a
b
# % #
! " !
2 2


R
r
a

The Washer Formula
if width
of washer is along - axis
if width
of washer is along - axis
V R r dx
x
V R r dy
y
a
b
c
d
# % #
! "
# % #
! "
!
!
2 2
2 2
b
V,7,?325W34567AG
!. Draw the unction ,s,. '. Determine the region to rotate. <3. I it is rotated about the 2-axis or any
horizontal line, it is a 62 problem and eerything must be in terms o 2. <L I it is rotated about the 7-axis or
any ertical line, it is a 67 problem and eerything must be in terms o 7. )3 I it is a disk problem, you need to
ind <. )L . I it is washer problem, you need to ind < and (" #. \hen in doubt, label the point on the
disk,washer as ,2, 7,. 7 is a ertical distance and 2 is a horizontal distance.
!!!"#$%&'(#$&)#'*&+(",+- AB Solutions - 12 - /&0 /,)!$(&1
Lxample 1, lind the olume i the region enclosing y x y x # # # 2 0 3 , , is rotated about the
a, 2-axis b, the line 7 ~ 6 c, the line 7 ~ 8



R x
V x dx
#
# % # %
!
2
4 36
2
0
3

R r x
V x dx
# # #
# % # #
! "
$ %
# %
!
6 6 2
36 6 2 72
2
0
3
,


R r x
V x dx
# # #
# % # #
! "
$ %
# %
!
8 8 2
64 8 2 108
2
0
3
,

d, the 7-axis e, the line 2 ~ 3 , the line 2 ~ 4

R r
y
V
y
dy
# #
# % #
'
(
)
*
+
,
# %
!
3
2
9
4
36
2
0
6
,


R
y
V
y
dy
# #
# % #
-
.
/
0
1
2
# %
!
3
2
3
2
18
2
0
6


R
y
r
V
y
dy
# # #
# % #
-
.
/
0
1
2
#
'
(
)
)
*
+
,
,
# %
!
4
2
1
4
2
1 36
2
0
6
,

Lxample 2, lind the olume i the region enclosing y x y x # # # # 1 0 3 , , is rotated about the
a, 2-axis b, the line 7 ~ 2 c, the line 7 ~ 3


R x
V x dx
# #
# % #
! "
# %
!
1
1 8 3
2
1
3

R r x
V x dx
# # # # ! "
# % # # ! "
$ %
# %
!
2 2 1
4 3 16 3
2
1
3
,

R r x
V x dx
# # # # ! "
# % # # ! "
$ %
# %
!
3 3 1
9 4 28 3
2
1
3
,

d, the 7-axis e, the line 2 ~ 3 , the line 2 ~ 5

R r y
V y dy
# # (
# % # ( ! "
$ %
# %
!
3 1
9 1 28 3
2
0
2
,


R y
V y dy
# #
# % #
! "
# %
!
2
2 8 3
2
0
2


R y r
V y dy
# # #
# % # ! " #
$ %
# %
!
4 2
4 4 32 3
2
0
2
,

!!!"#$%&'(#$&)#'*&+(",+- AB Solutions - 13 - /&0 /,)!$(&1
Lxample 3, lind the olume i the region enclosing y x y x # # #
2
0 2 , , is rotated about the
a, 2-axis b, the line 7 ~ 4 c, the line 7 ~ 5

R x
V x dx
#
# % # %
!
2
4
0
2
32 5

R r x
V x dx
# # #
# % # #
! "
$ %
# %
!
4 4
16 4 224 15
2
2
2
0
2
,


R r x
V x dx
# # #
# % # #
! "
$ %
# %
!
5 5
25 5 304 15
2
2
2
0
2
,

d, the 7-axis e, the line 2 ~ 2 , the line 2 ~ 4

R r y
V y dy
# #
# % #
! " # %
!
2
4 8
0
4
,


R y
V y dy
# #
# % #
! "
# %
!
2
2 8 3
2
0
4


R y r
V y dy
# # #
# % #
! "
#
'
(
)
*
+
,
# %
!
4 2
4 4 40 3
2
0
4
,

Lxample 4, lind the olume i the region enclosing y x y x # ( # # 1 1 4 , , is rotated about the
a, 2-axis b, the line 7 ~ 3 c, the line 7 ~ 5

R x r
V x dx
# ( #
# % (
! "
#
'
(
)
*
+
,
# %
!
1 1
1 1 56 3
2
0
4
,


R r x
V x dx
# # #
# % # #
! "
'
(
)
*
+
,
# %
!
2 2
4 2 40 3
2
0
4
,


R r x
V x dx
# # #
# % # #
! "
'
(
)
*
+
,
# %
!
4 4
16 4 104 3
2
0
4
,

d, the 7-axis e, the line 2 ~ 4 , the line 2 ~ 6

R r y
V y dy
# # # ! "
# % # # ! "
$ %
# %
!
4 1
16 1 25 6
2
4
1
3
,
.

R y
V y dy
# # # ! "
# % # # ! "
$ %
# %
!
4 1
4 1 17 067
2
2
2
1
3
.

R y r
V y dy
# # # ! " #
# % # # ! "
$ %
#
'
(
)
*
+
,
# %
!
6 1 2
6 1 4 38 4
2
2
2
1
3
,
.
!!!"#$%&'(#$&)#'*&+(",+- AB Solutions - 14 - /&0 /,)!$(&1
Lxample 5, lind the olume i the region enclosing y x x y x # ( # # # 1 0 0 3 , , , is rotated about the
a, 2-axis b, the 7-axis c, the line 2 ~ 3


R x
V x dx
# (
# % (
! "
# %
!
1
1 21
2
0
3


R r y
V dy y dy
V
# # #
# % ( % # # ! "
$ %
# %
! !
3 1
9 9 1
27
0
1
2
1
4
,

R R y
V dy y dy
V
# # #
# % ( % # # ! "
$ %
# %
! !
3 4
9 9 4
27
0
1
2
1
4
,

Lxample 6, lind the olume i the region enclosing y x y x # #
2 3
, is rotated about the
a, 2-axis b, the 7-axis c, the line 7 ~ 1

R x r x
V x x dx
# #
# % #
$ %
# %
!
3 2
2 3 4
0
1
0 4
,
.

R y r y
V y y dy
# #
# % #
$ %
# %
!
,
.
3
6
0
1
0 357

R x r x
V x x dx
# # # #
# % #
! "
# #
! "
'
(
)
*
+
,
# %
!
1 1
1 1 0 433
2 3
2
2
3
2
0
1
, ,
.
Lxample , 1he region in the igure below, is reoled about the indicated lines. Order the olumes o the
resulting solids rom smallest to largest. Justiy your answers. a, 2-axis b, 7-axis c, 2 ~ 4, d, 7 ~ 2
1he unction is bordered by y x y x # # # , , 0 4

a :
b :
c :
d :
a - d - c - b
V x dx
V y dy
V y dy
V x dx
# % # %
# % #
! "
# %
# % #
! "
# %
# % # #
! "
'
(
)
*
+
,
# %
!
!
!
!
0
4
4
0
2
2
2
0
2
2
0
4
8
16 25 6
4 17 067
4 2 13 333
.
.
.
!!!"#$%&'(#$&)#'*&+(",+- AB Solutions - 15 - /&0 /,)!$(&1
Lxample 8, lind the olume o the solid whose base is bounded by the circle

x y
2 2
25 ( # with the indicated
cross sections taken perpendicular to the 2-axis

a, squares b, equilateral triangles


A y V x dx #
! "
# #
! "
#
!
2 8 25
2000
3
2
2
0
5


A y y V x dx #
! "
! "
# #
! "
#
!
1
2
2 3 2 3 25 288 675
2
0
5
.
c, semi-circles d, isosceles right triangles

A y V x dx # % # % #
! "
#
!
1
2
25 261 8
2 2
0
5
.

A y y V x dx #
! "! "
# #
! "
#
!
1
2
2 2 25
500
3
2
0
5

Lxample 9, lind the olume o the solid whose base is bounded by the lines

y x y x # # # # 4 4 , and 2 ~ 0
with the indicated cross sections taken perpendicular to the 2-axis
a, squares b, equilateral triangles

A y V x dx #
! "
# #
! "
#
!
2 4 4
256
3
2 2
0
4
A y y V x dx #
! "
! "
# #
! "
#
!
1
2
2 3 3 4 36 950
2
0
4
.
c, semi circles d, isosceles right triangles
A y V x dx # % # % #
! "
#
!
1
2
1
2
4 33 510
2
2
0
4
. A y y V x dx #
! "! "
# #
! "
#
!
1
2
2 4
64
3
2
0
4

Lxample 10, A horn or a public address system is to be made with the inside cross sections increasing
exponentially with distance rom the speaker. 1he horn will hae the shape o the solid ormed
when the region bounded by

y e
x
#
0 4 .
and

y x # (1 rom 2 ~ 0 to 2 ~ 3 is rotated about the 2-
axis. I 2 and 7 are in eet, ind the olume o the material used to make this speaker. ,Calculator
solution allowed,.
V e x dx
x
# % # ( ! "
$ %
# % #
!
.
. .
8
2
0
3
1 8 471 26 613 ft
3
!!!"#$%&'(#$&)#'*&+(",+- AB Solutions - 16 - /&0 /,)!$(&1
R6201, LF I5ACAPU3A+,?A % H61,B6?C
1. lind the olume i the region enclosing

y x x y # # # # 4 0 0 , , is rotated about the
a, 2-axis b, the line 7 ~ 4 c, the line 7 ~ 5


R y x
V x dx
V
# # #
# % #
! "
#
%
!
4
4
64
3
2
0
4

R r y x
V x dx
V
# # # # # #
! "
# % #
! "
#
%
!
4 4 4 4
16
128
3
2
0
4


R r y x
V x dx
V
# # # # # #
! "
# % ! "
$ %
#
%
!
5 5 5 4
1
176
3
2
0
4

25 - +
d, the 7-axis e, the line 2 ~ 4 , the line 2 ~ 6


R x y
V y dy
V
# # #
# % #
! "
#
%
!
4
4
64
3
2
0
4

R r x y
V y dy
V
# # # # # #
! "
# % #
! "
#
%
!
4 4 4 4
16
128
3
2
0
4


R r x y
V y dy
V
# # # # # #
! "
# % ! "
$ %
#
%
!
6 6 6 4
2
224
3
2
0
4

36 - +
2. lind the olume i the region enclosing

y x x y x # ( # #
2
0 2 , , is rotated about the
a, 2-axis b, the line 7 ~ 6 c, the line 7 ~ 9


R y x x
V x x dx
V
# # (
# % (
! "
#
%
!
2
2
2
0
2
256
15

R r y x x
V x x dx
V
# # # # # (
! "
# % # # #
! "
$ %
#
%
!
6 6 6
36 6
584
15
2
2
2
0
2


R r y x x
V x x dx
V
# # # # # (
! "
# % # # #
! "
$ %
#
%
!
9 9 9
81 9
1004
15
2
2
2
0
2


!!!"#$%&'(#$&)#'*&+(",+- AB Solutions - 1 - /&0 /,)!$(&1
3. lind the olume i the region enclosing

y x x y # # #
3
0 8 , , is rotated about the
a, 2-axis b, the line 7 ~ 8 c, the line 7 ~ 9


R r y x
V x dx
V
# # #
# % #
! "
#
%
!
8
64
768
7
3
6
0
2



R y x
V x dx
V
# # # #
# % #
! "
#
%
!
8 8
8
576
7
3
3
0
2
2

R y x r
V x dx
V
# # # #
# % #
! "
#
$ %
#
%
!
9 9 1
9 1
744
7
3
3
0
2
=

2
d, the 7-axis e, the line 2 ~ 2 , the line 2 ~ 3


R x y
V y dy
V
# #
# %
# %
!
3
2
3
0
8
19 2

.
R r x y
V y dy
V
# # # # #
# % # #
-
.
/
0
1
2
'
(
)
*
+
,
# %
!
2 2 2
4 2
28 8
3
1
3
2
0
8


.
R r x y
V y dy
V
# # # # #
# % # #
-
.
/
0
1
2
'
(
)
*
+
,
# %
!
3 3 3
9 3
52 8
3
1
3
2
0
8


.
4. lind the olume i the region enclosing y x y x x # # ;
2
2 0 , , is rotated about the
a, 2-axis b, the line 7 ~ 4 c, the line 7 ~


R y x r y x
V x x dx
V
# # # #
# % #
! "
#
%
!
2
4
64
15
2
2 4
0
2


R y x r y x
V x x dx
V
# # # # # # # #
# % #
! "
# # ! "
$ %
#
%
!
4 4 4 4 2
4 4 2
32
5
2
2
2
2
0
2


R y x r y x
V x x dx
V
# # # # # # # #
# % #
! "
# # ! "
$ %
#
%
!
7 7 7 7 2
7 7 2
72
5
2
2
2
2
0
2


d, the 7-axis e, the line 2 ~ 2 , the line 2 ~ 3

R x y r x
y
V y
y
dy
V
# # # #
# % #
'
(
)
*
+
,
#
%
!


2
4
8
3
2
0
4

R x
y
r x y
V
y
y dy
V
# # # # # # # #
# % #
-
.
/
0
1
2
# #
! "
'
(
)
)
*
+
,
,
# %
!
2 2
2
2 2
2
2
2
2 667
2
2
0
4


.

R x
y
r x y
V
y
y dy
V
# # # # # # # #
# % #
-
.
/
0
1
2
# #
! "
'
(
)
)
*
+
,
,
# %
!
3 3
2
3 3
3
2
3
5 333
2
2
0
4


.
!!!"#$%&'(#$&)#'*&+(",+- AB Solutions - 18 - /&0 /,)!$(&1
5. lind the olume i the region enclosing

y x x y x # ( # # # 1 0 0 9 , , , is rotated about the
a, 2-axis b, the line 7 ~ 4 c, the line 7 ~ 5


R y x
V x dx
V
# # (
# % (
! "
# %
!
1
1
85 5
2
0
9
.
R r y x
V x dx
V
# # # # # (
! "
# % # #
! "
'
(
)
*
+
,
# %
!
4 4 4 1
16 3
130 5
2
0
9


.
R r y x
V x dx
V
# # # # # (
! "
# % # #
! "
'
(
)
*
+
,
# %
!
5 5 5 1
25 4
184 5
2
0
9


.
d, the 7-axis e, the line 2 ~ 9


Disks Washers

1
R R r x y
V dy y dy
V
# # # # # ! "
# % ( % # # ! "
! "
# % ( % # %
! !
9 9 1
8 81 1
81 194 4 275 4
2
0
1
4
1
4
. .

Disks Disks

1
2
R R x y
V dy y dy
V
# # # # # #
! "
# % ( % # # ! "
! "
# % ( % # %
! !
9 9 9 1
8 9 1
81 129 6 210 6
2
0
1
2
1
4
. .
6. lind the olume i the irst quadrant region y x # sin and y x # cos on 0 4 , %
$ %
is rotated about
a, 2-axis b, the 7-axis


R y x r y x
V x x dx
V
# # # #
# % #
! "
#
%
%
!
cos sin
cos sin


2 2
0
4
2

R x y R x y
V y dy y dy
V
# # # #
# %
! "
( %
! "
# % ( % # %
# #
# #
! !
sin cos
sin cos
. . .
1 1
1 1
2
2
1
0
2
2
133 089 222


2 2
. A tank on the wing o a jet plane is ormed by reoling the region bounded by the graph o y x x # #
1
10
3
2
and the 2-axis about the 2-axis where 2 and 7 are measured in meters. lind the olume o the tank.
R
x x
V
x x
x x dx #
#
# %
#
-
.
/
0
1
2
#
%
# ! " $ %
# % #
! !
2 2
2
0
3
4
0
3
3
10
3
10 100
3 243 763 m
3
. .
!!!"#$%&'(#$&)#'*&+(",+- AB Solutions - 19 - /&0 /,)!$(&1
8. 1he region bounded by the cure y x x y x # # # # , , , 0 0 9 is rotated about the 2-axis.
a, lind the alue o $ in the interal |0, 9| that b, lind the alue o $ in the interal |0, 9| that
diides the solid into 2 parts o equal area. diides the solid into 2 parts o equal olume.

2
4
3
18
27
2
5 700
1 2
0
1 2
0
9
3 2
3 2
x dx x dx
a
a
a
a
! ! #
#
#
# .

2
81
2
9
2
6 364
0 0
9
2
% # %
#
#
#
! !
x dx x dx
a
a
a
a

.
9. lind the olume o the solid whose base is bounded by the circle whose center is the origin and whose radius is
10 with the indicated cross sections perpendicular to the 2-axis
a, squares b, equilateral triangles
A y V x dx #
! "
# #
! "
#
!
2 8 100
16000
3
2
2
0
10
A y y V x dx #
! "
! "
# #
! "
#
!
1
2
2 3 2 3 100 2309 401
2
0
10
.
c, semi-circles d, isosceles right triangles

A y V x dx # % # % #
! "
#
!
1
2
100 2094 395
2 2
0
10
.

A y y V x dx #
! "! "
# #
! "
#
!
1
2
2 2 100
4000
3
2
0
10

10. lind the olume o the solid whose base is bounded by the cures y x x # # #
2
3 and y x # with the indicated
cross sections taken perpendicular to the 2-axis
a, squares b, equilateral triangles


x x x dx
2
2
1
3
3
512
15
# # #
! "
#
#
!
3
4
3 14 780
2
2
1
3
x x x dx # # #
! "
#
#
!
.
c, semi-circles d, isosceles right triangles

% # # #
-
.
/
0
1
2
#
#
!
2
3
2
13 404
2
2
1
3
x x x
dx .
1
4
3
128
15
2
2
1
3
x x x dx # # #
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