Validation of AcuSolve for Aerodynamics of Lifting Bodies

Goal is to validate AcuSolve for external aerodynamics applications NACA 0012 has been studied in depth both numerically and experimentally
AcuSolve results will be compared against:
Accepted CFD simulations using other software Available test data

References
http://turbmodels.larc.nasa.gov/naca0012_val.html Ladson, C. L., "Effects of Independent Variation of Mach and Reynolds Numbers on the Low-Speed Aerodynamic Characteristics of the NACA 0012 Airfoil Section," NASA TM 4074, October 1988 Gregory, N. and O'Reilly, C. L., "Low-Speed Aerodynamic Characteristics of NACA 0012 Aerofoil Sections, including the Effects of Upper-Surface Roughness Simulation Hoar Frost," NASA R&M 3726, Jan 1970
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Simulation Conditions
NACA 0012 airfoil geometry
Blunt trailing edge

Re = 6.0e6 Incompressible flow

For compressible cases, M=.15

Angles of attack investigated:

-4 - 20

Fully turbulent

Results of interest
Lift coefficient Drag coefficient Pressure coefficient
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NACA 0012 airfoil geometry constructed using acuBuildFoil (GONE script)

Chord = 1.0 Trailing edge thickness = .002*chord Bounding cylinder diameter = 500*chord Span = 50*chord (2-d flowfield simulation)

Surface tagging used to identify faces for boundary condition application/meshing

Enables automated set-up of simulations

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Farfield

Airfoil Walls

Symmetry

Surface Name

Boundary Condition Description

Arbitrary inflow/outflow If inflow: velocity = fixed eddy viscosity = 1x molecular If outflow: pressure=0.0 Symmetry constraints No-slip walls
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Farfield

Symmetry Airfoil Walls

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All meshing performed using AcuMeshSim

Extrusion used to produce a single element in the span Mesh growth rate = 1.2 Leading/trailing edge mesh size = .001*chord Surface mesh size at center chord: .02*chord Boundary layer first layer height = 1.75e-6*chord (Y+~=1.0 for Re=6.0e6,aoa=0) Boundary layer growth rate 1.3 Boundary layer num layers = 28 Number of elements across trailing edge height = 8 Far field mesh size = 100,000*chord Simple Region Of Influence used up to a distance of .5*chord
Base size = .02*chord

Perimeter edges of airfoil meshed using the following expression (assuming airfoil centered at x=0):
sizeMin sizeMax xMin xMax xCenter dx fac power meshSize
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= .001*chord = .02*chord = -.5*chord = .5*chord = (xMin+xMax)/2 = (xMax-xMin)/2 = (dx abs(x-xCenter))/dx = ln(sizeMax/sizeMin) = sizeMin*exp(power*fac)
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Total number of nodes = 97,635

Some optimization capability on model size, can be reduced

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Drag Coefficient vs. Angle of Attack

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Lift Coefficient vs. Angle of Attack

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Drag Coefficient vs. Lift Coefficient

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Pressure Coefficient alpha = 0

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Pressure Coefficient alpha = 10

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Pressure Coefficient alpha = 15

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AcuSolve results agree very well with both experimental data and other simulations
AcuSolve simulations run on unstructured meshes
Extensive mesh sensitivity study performed to show that AcuSolve SA results are within 2% of complete grid convergence

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