TYPES OF CONVERSION Simple Conversion Examples: No chicken is a cat; otherwise no cat is a chicken. If I am mortal, then I am a human.

uman. If I am an unmarried man, then I am a bachelor. Mira is the girl near on the exit; therefore the girl near the door is Mira. Some civilians are rebels, therefore rebels are civilians.

Partial Conversion Examples: People in the world can speak mixed language; therefore mixed language is spoken by people. Whale is a mammal; therefore some mammal is a whale. No dog is a reptile; therefore some reptiles are not dogs. All cows have four legs, therefore some four legged animals are not cows.\ Natives occupy the space for years, therefore some space are occupied by natives.

Obversion Examples: Some guards are not just. Therefore, some guards are unjust. Some animals are not friendly creatures. Otherwise, some animals are unfriendly creatures. All cats are animals; therefore, no cats are animals. No insects are friendly; otherwise all insects are non-friendly. Many animals are not friendly creatures; therefore some animals are not friendly creatures.

Simple Contraposition Examples: If something is not a bat, then it is not a mammal. If something is a mammal, then it is a bat. There exists a bat that is not a mammal. If we all pitch in, we can leave early today. Then if we don't leave early today, we did not all pitch in. Every cellphone has a screen. No cellphone has a screen. Therefore non-screen is not a cellphone. If 9 are not divisible by 2, then 9 is not an odd number. Every dog is animal-given. No dog is a non-animal. No non-animal is a dog.

Complete Contraposition Examples: All dogs are animals. But Bantay is a dog. Therefore, Bantay is an animal. Some poisonous mushrooms are inedible fungi. Therefore, some edible fungi are nonpoisonous mushrooms. If an object does not have color, then it is not red". This follows logically from our initial statement and, like it, it is evidently true. If a shape does not have four sides, it is not a quadrilateral. All residents are voters. No residents are non-voters. No non-voters are residents. All non-voters are residents. Simple Inversion Examples: Every sphere is round some non-sphere is not round. No sheep is a man some non-sheep are a man.

No lens is concave some non-lens is concave. Keyboard is a peripheral some non-keyboard is peripherals. Paper is made in pulp some paper is non-pulp made.

Complete Inversion Examples: If it's raining, then Sam will meet Jack at the movies. Then if it's not raining, then Sam will not meet Jack at the movies. No person is irrational. No person is non-irrational. No non-irrational is person. Every non-irrational is non-person. Some non-person is non-irrational. Some non-person is not irrational. All octagons are polygons; therefore, some non-octagons are non-polygons. If you grew in Alaska, you have seen snow. If you have not grown in Alaska, you have not seen snow. If Socrates is not human, then Socrates is not a man.