Power System Simulation for Engineers (PSS/E version 30)

Here are instructions for accessing and using the PSS/E-30 software. On-campus students should access this software at any of the computers in the lab of oo!er rooms ""#$ or "#"#. Off-campus students can access this software by following these instructions% &o to start button' then ()ll programs'* then ()ccessories'* then ( ommunications'* and then (+emo!e ,es-top .ogin.* /f you do not find (+emote ,es-top .ogin' then go to http://clue.eng.iastate.edu/docs/remote/windows.shtml to download a free copy. )n dialogue bo0 will pop up. 1ype (father.ece.iastate.edu* in the window and then clic(connect.* )nother dialogue bo0 will pop up. Select (Engr* to log onto. 1hen type your Engr username and password. ,ouble clic- on the PSS/E icon. 2ou will get command prompt. 1ype (PSSE 30* and hit return. 1hen follow instructions below beginning with Step #. 2ou should coordinate with your group members to limit the number of simultaneous program uses at any gi!en time 3the limit by license is #04. Also, make sure that you quit the program when you are no longer using it. Otherwise it uses up one of the #0 users and someone else may not be able to get to it. ". .og on to your computers. 2ou can find this software 3use any one4% a./n the start menu. &o to start Programs PSSE 30.1 PSSE (Power Flow) 31his is an icon with a white bac-ground4 b. /n the start menu. &o to start Programs PSSE 30.1 PSSE 30 Command Prom t. 31his will open a ommand Prompt. 1ype (PSSE 30* there.4 c.&o to C!"Program Files"P#$"PSSE30"PSS%$& and lic- on the (PSSE (Power Flow)' icon. 3)n icon with a white bac-ground4 #. 1o !iew already e0isting cases - &o to File ( en. 2ou will get a list of already e0isting cases. Select any case that you would wish to !iew. 1hese files ha!e the e0tension ).sav'. 31here are lots of other files with different e0tensions. ,o not open those. 2ou might want to use those at a later stage4 3. 1o create a new file' lic- File &ew. ) small dialog bo0 with two option buttons will be opened. Select the option ( ase* and clic- O5. 6. 1his will open a (%uild &ew Case* dialog bo0. Select the base 78) as )100' from the (%ase *+,* drop down list bo0. 1hen there will be two blan- spaces corresponding to Heading line " and heading line #. 2ou may lea!e these te0t bo0es blan-' and lic- O5.

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$. 1his will get you to the spreadsheet interface' where you are going to build your new case. 9. :ow you can start modeling a power system. #o -uild a .ase you need t/e following information! a. %us 0ata! "4 %ase 1+2 34S/unt (*5)2 %4S/unt (*+,6). :ote that the last two parameters of a bus is not a re;uirement. <ut you should definitely ha!e the data about <us (<ase 58* for e!ery bus. #4 2ou must also -now the type of the buses. i.e.' is the bus a swing <us 3any one of the buses that which has a generator' but you must choose =ust one4' or a P8 <us 3that which has a generator4 or a P> <us 3that which has a load but no generator4. b. %ran./ 0ata 31ransmission lines4% "4 (From* bus and (#o* bus numbers. #4 62 72 and 8ine ./arging !alues in per unit. .. 8oad 0ata ! "4 1he (%us num-er' to which it is connected. #4 P 3in 7?4 and 9 378)+4 of the load. d. 3enerator 0ata ! "4 1he (%us num-er' to which it is connected. #4 &enerator 6eal Power 6ating 3in 7?4. 7a0imum and minimum limits for reacti!e power 3in 78)r4 e. #ransformer 0ata! "4 (From* bus and (#o* bus numbers #4 62 72 :2 and ta !alues in per-unit. Once you ha!e all these details of the Power system' now you can start building the case. @. Once you are done with entering all the data for the power system modeling' you can sa!e this case file. +emember to sa!e the file !ery often' so that you do not loose the data you ha!e entered. 31his is a !ery general ad!ice4. A. 1o sa!e' lic- File Save from the Bile menu. 1his will open a ( Save / S/ow networ; data' dialog bo0. 1his dialog bo0 will ha!e a lot of 1abs on the top. 2ou may select the )Case 0ata* tab. Cnder this tab there is a te0t bo0 meant to enter your BileDs destination. 2ou may clic- on the bo0 that is on the right-hand side of this te0t bo0' with 3 dots on it to select your destination. 2ou may preferably store your file in the )E7,*P8E' folder. <efore storing there' gi!e a suitable filename to your case. E0. Psseflow etc. )fter entering a suitable filename' you should clic- )(PE&'. 1his will show the destination of

your new file in the )0estination' te0t bo0 of the (Save / S/ow networ; data' dialog bo0. :ow clic- on O5. %uilding a .ase in PSS/E! 1his is illustrated with the e0ample from the te0t boo- )Power System ,nalysis4 Edition <2 ,rt/ur 6. %ergen and +i=ay +ittal'. onsider the Power system diagram shown on age 1<1 (C/a ter >)2 Figure 0>.1.1. /t is a "@-bus Power system. Our ob=ecti!e is to model this in PSS/E. ?hen you create a new case using the File &ew command' you will get a spreadsheet interface. 2ou will find a lot of 1abs at the bottom of this spread sheet !iew' which corresponds to ()rea*' (<uses*' (<ranches*' (B) 1S*' etc. )mong those the tabs that we use are% 3Bollow the same order while creating the case4% ". <uses #. <ranches 3. .oads 6. 7achines $. Plants 9. #- ?inding 1ransformer @. )reas A. Eones F. Owners 1he last three are optional. Bor the sa-e of completion we can fill those three spreadsheets too. 1. %us 0ata! 1he spread sheet corresponding to (<uses* will ha!e many columns in which you are re;uired to enter the data corresponding to e!ery bus in the system. 2ou need not enter all the data' but only the data that are mandatory. Others will ha!e some default !alues that the software assumes while sol!ing the Power Blow case. a. &i!e e!ery bus a )%us &um-er'. Bollow the numbering that is gi!en in the boo-. b. &i!e the )%us &ames' as mentioned in the boo-. 2ou must type the names within single ;uotes. E0. GO?.D etc. c. Enter the )%us 1+' in the 3rd column. <uses "0' "3' "9' and "@ are 9F -8 buses' and all remaining buses are "9" -8 buses. d. Once you enter the 58 !alues' you can enter the ),rea num-er' to which the bus belongs. 1his is useful when one is wor-ing with a !ery large system and there are multiple areas. Here we will model only one area. So you can fill " under the ()rea :umber* column for e!ery bus. 2ou need not fill in the ne0t column corresponding to the ()rea :ame*. e. )lso enter the (?one num-er*. Here you can ha!e different Hone numbers for the Crban and +ural area' " for Crban and # for +ural. 2ou need not fill the (Eone :ame* column. Eone :umbering would do.

f. Enter the )(wner &um-er'. 2ou may =ust fill " here. 2ou need not fill in the name under (Owner :ame* column. g. Once you ha!e entered this much' you may lea!e the rest of the columns free. 1hey will ta-e their default !alues. For e@am le! Consider t/e %us A 1 <usI <us :ame <ase 58 )reaI )rea :ame EoneI Eone :ame OwnerI Owner :ame " GO?.D "9" " " " )fter filling these you must not press (Enter* to mo!e to the ne0t row' but you should =ust clicon the bottom row to enter the ne0t bus data. :ow fill in the same way for the rest of the buses 3from # to "@4. Consider %usA 11 (6ural ,rea)2 and %usA > (Br-an ,rea). Bor e0ample% <usI <us :ame <ase 58 )reaI )rea :ame EoneI 6 G.ar-D "9" " " "" G>uailD "9" " # Eone :ame OwnerI Owner :ame " "

So this way you need to fill in these data for e!ery bus in successi!e rows. /f you want to ma-e any changes to the already entered !alues' ma-e the change by clic-ing on the respecti!e cell. )fter ma-ing the change' clic- on some other row to record the change. ?hile changing the data' you will see a pencil mar- at the left-hand corner of the row. Once you ha!e finished changing' clic- on any other row so that the pencil !anishes' signifying that your change has been recorded or acti!ated. Once you are done with entering all the bus data' now you can mo!e to the spreadsheet corresponding to the (<ranches*' by selecting the (%ran./es* tab at the bottom of the spreadsheet !iew. <. %ran./ 0ata! a. b. c. d. e. f. Bill in the )From %us' number in the first column' and the )#o %us' number in the 3rd column. .ea!e the olumns corresponding to (Brom* and (1o* bus names 3 ol # and ol 64 free. PSS/E will read it from the (<uses* spreadsheet automatically. &i!e ($d' to e!ery branch. 1his can be a mere number or can also be an alphanumeric !alue 3only # spaces4. /t should be ("* unless there is more than " circuit interconnecting buses. 1hen fill in the successi!e columns with the 62 72 and C/arging data2 in er unit. 1he status of all the branches shall be )$n' to start with. 1hen later we can disable it' to ta-e a line out. 2ou need not fill in any other columns.

Bollow this procedure for e!ery branch. Enter all these data for the first branch' and then go to the ne0t row to enter data for the second. ,o this for e!ery branch in successi!e rows. 1he details of all the braches are gi!en on Page "#3' in the table ,6.".#. For e@am le! Brom <usI " Brom <us :ame 1o <usI F 1o <us :ame /d " .ine + .ine J harging 3pu4 3pu4 3pu4 0.0""F0 0.09@60 0.039#F Status 1ic-

#/e er4unit values! + 3pu4 K + / Ebase. ?here' + K gi!en in the table ,6.".#' and Ebase K 3<ase 584 L# / 3<ase 78)4. Bor bus I "' Ebase K M3"9"4 L# / "00N Hence' fill in all the data for e!ery transmission branch li-e this. )fter filling data in this spreadsheet' now we will go to (.oad* spreadsheet' by clic-ing on the (8oad' 1ab. 3. 8oad 0ata! a. b. c. d. e. f. Enter the )%us &um-er* to which the load is connected. 2ou need not enter anything for the (<us :ame* column. &i!e this load an ($d' in the 3rd column. Bollow the same instructions for filling out the )rea' Eone' and the Owner numbers as you had done for the (<uses* spreadsheet. hec- the status. 3:ot chec-ing means there is no load present. 1his can be done later for further studies4. Enter the !alues for the (Pload (*54* and (9load (*+,r)' in the ne0t two columns. +efer table ,6."." in page "## for these data. 2ou need not fill the rest of the columns. :ow clic- on the row below' and enter data for the ne0t load. ,o this for all the loads present. ,o not forget to clic- on the row below after you finish entering data for any .oad 3so that it will get recorded4.

E@am le% Bor the .oad connected to <usI 6. 3+efer the table ,6."."4 <usI <us name /d 6 " )reaI " )rea :ame EoneI O..OwnerIOO Status # " 1icPload 90 >load "0

Once we are done entering all the load data' now we can enter the &enerator data in (Plants* spreadsheet by clic-ing on the )Plants' tab. >. 3enerator 0ata! /n the (Plants* spreadsheet' all you got to do is to ma-e a list of all the e0isting generators. Bor which'

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Bill in the )%us &um-er* to which the generator has been connected. 2ou need not fill data in any of the other columns. b. :ow clic- on the ne0t row to fill in the data 3<us :umber4 for the ne0t generator. ,o this for all the generators. Once you ha!e created a list of generators in the (Plants* Spreadsheet' :ow you may go to (7achines* Spreadsheet' by clic-ing on )*a./ines' tab. Here again you are going to enter the data corresponding to e!ery generators. a. Enter the (%us &um-er' to which the generator has been connected. 2ou need not fill in the (<us :ame* column. b. &i!e an ($d* for the generator in the 3rd column. c. hec- the status' if you desire the generator to be in action. 3 hec- it at the beginning4. d. 1hen fill in the Pgen (*5) !alue' 9ma@ (*+,6) and 9min (*+,64 !alues. &et the !alues for Pgen' >ma0' and >min for e!ery generator from the point E of page "#$. 2ou may lea!e the remaining columns as such. 1hey will ta-e their default !alues. E@am le! <usI <us :ame /d Status Pgen37?4 Pma0 Pmin >gen >ma0378)+4 >min378)+4 " " 1ic6F0 #$0 -"00 Once you are done entering data into the (7achines* spreadsheet' select the )<4winding' tab to enter the data for the transformers. C. #ransformer data! a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. 1his is !ery similar to that of entering the branch data. Enter the ( From %us &um-er* and (#o %us &um-er* in column " and 3 respecti!ely. 2ou may again lea!e the columns corresponding to their names free. &i!e an ($d' for the 1ransformer in the ne0t column. &i!e a (&ame* for the transformer within single ;uotes. E0. G1rans"D etc. hec- the status. 1hen go to column ($m edan.e $/( .ode*' lea!ing few columns free in the middle. Select )? u (system -ase)* from the drop down list bo0. 1hen select ): u (system -ase)' from the drop down list bo0 in the ne0t column. 1hen fill in the data for )7 ( u)' in the respecti!e column. 31his data is found by calculating (J/Ebase*. +efer page "#"' the paragraph under the diagram of the Power System has the J !alues for the transformers4. 1he remaining columns need not be filled. 1hey will assume their default !alues.

1his procedure has to be followed for all the transformers in the system. /n our e0ample' we ha!e only two transformers. One is connected between bus F and bus "@. )nother is connected between bus "$ and bus "9. E@am le! Brom <usI O. 1o <usO /d :ame Status....O../mpedance )dmittance + //O code //O code F "@ " G1"D 1icEpu 3sys base4 2pu 3sys base4 J 3pu4 0."333

D. %us Codes! Once you ha!e entered the data for all the transformers in the system' now you ha!e to again open the Spreadsheet corresponding to the (%uses*. /n the (<uses* spreadsheet' go to the column named ( Code'. /n that now you ha!e to enter the code for e!ery bus. %us #y e Swing <us 3any one &en <us4 P8 buses 3generator buses4 P> buses 3.oad <uses4 Code 3 37a-e it bus " - Owl4 # "

)fter entering all codes' now open the ),rea' spreadsheet by clic-ing the ()rea* tab. E. ,rea 0ata! a. Enter the (,rea &um-er*. b. Enter the (,rea Swing -us &um-er'. 37a-e sure the bus number that you are entering has a generator connected to it4. c. &i!e the area a (&ame* in the last column. 2ou need not enter any other data here. E@am le! )rea I )rea Swing <us I ,esired /nterchange 1olerance 37?4 )rea :ame " " G)< ,D Enter the data corresponding to all the areas. )fter entering the area data' you may enter the data for (Eone* by clic-ing on the )?one' 1ab. F. ?one 0ata! a. Enter the )?one &um-er*' and the (?one &ame*. E@am le! )?one' Spreadsheet loo-s li-e this Eone :umber " # Eone :ame G+uralD GCrbanD

)fter this' now you may enter the owner details. &o to ( (wner' spreadsheet by clic-ing the (Owner* tab. G. (wner 0ata! a. Enter )(wner &um-er* and )&ame*3within single ;uotes4 )fter all these are data entered' you are now ready to run the power flow' which is =ust two clic-s awayPP #o 6un t/e Power Flow! ". F&S8HHHHH.) #. 1his will open a )8oadflow Solutions' dialog bo0. 2ou may =ust clic- )(1' to sol!e the case. 2our result will be a!ailable in the bottommost window called the )Progress* window. 2ou can run the power flow using different algorithms. 1his can be done by changing the option in the (.oadflow Solutions* dialog bo0 before clic-ing O5. 31he methods include :ewton +aphson' &auss-Siedel etc4 2ou may also !iew the report by clic-ing Power Flow 6e orts. Cnder that there are different -inds of reports that one can generate' based on the area' Hones' or the entire networ-. 2ou will see the report on the bottommost part of the PSS/E window. 3On the same place where the (progress* tab is.4 2ou can see the diagrammati. view of any (<us* by =ust going to the (%uses* spreadsheet' and then selecting the row corresponding to that bus whose diagram you want to !iew and then right clic-ing on it will open a list of commands. 2ou may clicthe command )Create %us 0is lay* to see the ,iagrammatic representation of the power flow result corresponding to that particular bus. Once you ha!e the diagram corresponding to any single bus before you' you can now grow the networ- to get the diagram of the whole power system you modeled' by right-clic-ing on any of the nodes in the e0isting diagram' and then selecting the )3row' option from the list of commands. lic- the menu Power Flow Solution Solve (&S(8 /

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1urn in the following info 3tabular form4% ". )ll bus !oltages 3pu4 and angles 3degrees4. #. +eal' reacti!e power flows 37? and 78)+S4' and currents 3)4' in all lines' 0fmrs at the sending end. 3. &enerator real and reacti!e power outputs 37? and 78)+S4. )lso' remo!e line $-""' resol!e' identify !oltage magnitude and 7? flow that change the most.