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Liberation in Buddhism, Vedanta, and Trika A Comparative Analysis

The Krama System of Kashmir Shaivism

Published May 21, 2013 | By Daniel108

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The Krama System

Krama system is a little known school of Non-dual Kashmir Shaivism. Today, Krama is hardly known in the world but to a very few. In Krama, the absolute is reached in stages of succession. Krama system describes in detail the rise of prana Kundalini as it moves in succession from one chakra or psychic center to the next. Krama primarily concerns itself with
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space-time, and therefore is primarily a system of Goddess worship in the form of Kali, the dynamic form of Lord Shiva. Please bear with me. For, even though this looks complicated at first glance it can nonetheless be summarized very simply like this: ________________________________________________________________________________________________ There are three primary forms of energy in this manifest world: Objectivity, Knowledge or Knowing, and Subjectivity. In order to reach Universal Consciousness in this system, one must digest the energy of objectivity that makes Consciousness appear as countless objects into the energy of Knowledge One must then digest this energy of knowledge that operates as the mind or mental knowledge into the energy of subjectivity One must then digest this energy of subjectivity in the form of the limited, individual subject into the energy of the Universal Subject or Universal Consciousness. Each of the three primary energies travels through four stages as they are digested from individuality into Universality. It really is that simple. Let us then break down the four stages of each of the three energies. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Though there are twelve forms of Kali in this system, they are to be considered as the twelve movements of one Supreme Consciousness as It pertains to the three energies of: 1) Objectivity, called Prameya
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2) Knowledge or knowing, called Pramana 3) Subject or knower, called Pramata or sometimes Pramatri As stated, each of the three primary energies has four phases, 1) Shristi or manifestation of that energy 2) Sthiti or maintenance of that energy 3) Samhara or withdrawal of that energy in its limited form 4) Anakhya or transcendence; the undifferentiated, Universal state of that energy 3 energies with 4 phases each=12 Kalis In the following description of the 12 Kalis, I am indebted to Jaideva Singh for his notes on verse 1 of the first section of the Spanda Karikas: 4 Phases of Objectivity (Prameya) 1) Srsti Kali When the will to manifest arises in Kali and there is the movement towards manifestation, She is Known as Srsti Kali. This is the conception of creative power in relation to objectivity (Prameya). 2) Rakta Kali this is maintenance (sthiti) of the objectivity through the five senses. 3) Sthitinasha Kali This is the power of samhara or withdrawal of the sense of limited objectivity. 4) Yama Kali This is the transcendental aspect of the energy of objectivity, called anakhya, which is subsumed completely
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into the energy of knowledge (Pramana). *As mentioned earlier, these four powers of srsti, sthiti, samhara and anakhya are relative to the objective (prameya) aspect of the energy of Consciousness. 4 Phases of Knowledge (Pramana) 5) Samhara kali When Kali, the Supreme Consciousness of Lord Shiva in this system, brings about the disappearance of objectivity by digesting it in knowledge (pramana) She is known as Samhara Kali. This is srsti or the very emergence of knowledge itself in the stage of pramana. 6) Mrtyakali This engulfs even Samahara Kali; She swallows up even the residual traces of the idea of withdrawl of the objective world. This is the sthiti or maintenance stage of Pramana or knowledge. 7) Bhadrakali This is the power by which She destroys or dissolves all sense of mental constructs in association with the senses and their objects, external or internal. This is the aspect of samhara or withdrawal of the mind with all of its attendant ideations. 8) Martanda Kali This is that transcendental power by which She brings about the dissolution of the twelve senses in the ego-self. The twelve Indriyas or senses are the five senses of perception, the five organs of action, the manas (mind), as well as buddhi (ascertaining intellect). This is that anakhya or transcendental phase which reduces the ego-feeling of the limited I sense to such an extent that it becomes without substance. *As mentioned earlier, these four phases represent the srsti, sthiti, samhara, and anakhya phases of pramana or limited knowledge. 4 phases of Subject (Pramata)
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9) Paramarkali In this stage of pramata or the limited subject, objectivity (Prameya), and limited knowledge (Pramana) have been transcended, but the limited subject still retains the primal limiting veil of anava mala. In this phase She represents srsti (manifestation) in relation to the limited subject. As the Ahamkara or mind merges with her Creative Power, the emergence of the awareness of limitation is evident. This emergent Awareness is a movement away from limitation towards Supreme Consciousness. 10) Kalagnirudrakali When Parasamvid brings about the identification of the limited subject with the Universal Self, She is known as Kalagnirudrakali. This kali represents the power of maintenance (sthiti) in relation to the limited subject as it comes to abide or rest in the Universal Self. At this phases She is also known as Mahakali. 11) Mahakalakali She brings about the complete dissolution of the small I which is relational and exists as a point in space-time, and brings about abidance in the perfect I which is the Bliss of Universal, Absolute Consciousness. This phase represents the power of samhara or withdrawal in relation to the limited subject. 12) Mahabhairava-ghora-candakali or Mahabhairavacandograghorakali This state represents the transcendental state of anakhya in relation to the limited subject. This refers to that state of Para Samvid or Supreme Consciousness which transcends all descriptions in words, so it is called anakhya. This is the Akula (transcendent) stage. In it the object (Prameya), the knowledge and means thereof (Pramana), and the subject (Pramata), are all dissolved in the perfect Iconsciousness. This is also called Para or the Highest because all the previous states come from Here. And so it is in the Krama system that objectivity is dissolved, then limited knowledge of objectivity and means thereof are dissolved as well and finally, the limited subject comes to rest in the Supreme. This system of Goddess worship in the form of Kali is shaktopaya technique. In it, the reverse path back to Supreme Consciousness is one of successive graduations, hence the worship of
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Kali who is the Goddess of time and space. This is Krama system.-Markandeya Song 48.

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Related posts:
1. The three-fold Trika system of Kashmir 2. Its the Play of Consciousness! 3. Kundalini Shakti in Tantra 4. The essence of Kundalini

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