Year 2

[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1 Program/Course Unit of Competency Module Title INTRODUCTION: This module contains information
and suggested learning activities on Performing Shop Maintenance. It includes instructions and procedure on how to perform shop maintenance Completion of this module will help you better understand the succeeding module on Inspecting and Cleaning Tools and Work Area, Storing and Arranging Tools and Shop Equipment, Disposing Waste and Used Lubricant and Reporting Damages Tools and Equipment . This module consists of four learning outcomes. Each learning outcome contains learning activities supported by instruction sheets. Before you perform the instructions, read the information sheets and answer the self-check and activities provided to ascertain that you have acquired the knowledge necessary to perform the skill of the particular learning outcome. Upon completing this module, report to your instructor for assessment of your knowledge and skills requirements of this module. If you pass the assessment, you will be given a certificate of completion. SUMMARY OF LEARNING OUTCOMES: Upon completion of the module, you should be able to: LO1. Inspect and Clean Tools and Work Area; LO2. Store and Arrange Tools and Shop Equipment; LO3. Dispose Waste and Used Lubricant; LO4. Report Damaged Tools and Equipment AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I Perform Shop Maintenance Performing Shop Maintenance
PERFORM SHOP MAINTENANCE | Inspect/Clean tools andMAINTENANCE| Shop Work Area PERFORM SHOP
[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1 Pre Test A. Identify the cleaning solvent described by the following statement. ______________ 1. Use to wash and clean upholstered furniture such as seats, tables, cabinets, etc. ______________ 2. Use to remove dust, grease oil, paint. ______________ 3. Used to wash oil, greasy tools and equipment ______________ 4. Use to remove spilled paint on the floor, wall and tools. ______________ 5. Used to wash oil engine, transmission, and other parts of the vehicle. B. Identify the following cleaning solvents as Polar or Non-Polar. Write P for Polar and NP for Non-Polar. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Kerosene Water Thinner Detergent soap Gasoline
C. Arrange in order the following steps in cleaning tools using numbers 1-9. ____A. Submerge the tools in the washing pan. ____B. Arrange the tools in designated rack or cabinet. ____C. Gather the tools to be cleaned in the designated area for cleaning. ____D. until Get the tools from the washing pan and wipe them with rags dry. ____E. Segregate the tools according to the kind of dirt they have. ____F. Clean and store all materials used for cleaning ____G. Measure and pour enough amount of cleaning solvent to the washing pan. ____H. Use paint brush to remove the dirt from the tools. ____I. Wear protective clothing and goggles
PERFORM SHOP MAINTENANCEPERFORM | Inspect/Clean and Shop Work Area SHOPtools MAINTENANCE| Pre-Test
[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1
D. Arrange the following steps in order and use numbers 1-5 ____A. Remove the remaining dirt and collect using dust pan. ____B. Dispose the contents of the dust pan in a garbage container. ____C. If there is dirt on the floor such as paint, used oil, grease, rust, remove it first using the appropriate cleaning solvent ____D. Wipe the floor using dry cloth. ____E. Wear protective clothing and goggles.
PERFORM SHOP MAINTENANCEPERFORM | Inspect/Clean and Shop Work Area SHOPtools MAINTENANCE| Pre-Test
[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1 Program/Course Unit of Competency Module Title AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC 1 PERFORM SHOP MAINTENANCE Performing Shop Maintenance
Learning Outcome No. 1. Inspect and Clean Tools and Work Area A clean work area and clean tools in an automotive shop make for good safety practices. Such a condition ensures perfection against breakage, injury or accident. Cleaning of the tools prolong their service life. Maintaining a shop that is clean and in order is a mark of the skillfulness of an automotive technician. Assessment Criteria: 1. Cleaning solvent is properly used per workshop tools nd cleaning equipment and requirements. 2. Work area is checked and cleaned regularly 3. Wet surface, spots and stains in work area is wiped and removed
Definition of Terms OHS Occupational Health and Safety Practices are the safety practices and regulations in the workshop to prevent serious personal injury as well as damage to properties. refer to individual containers used for the source separation and the collection of recyclable materials.
Receptacles
Recyclable material refers to any retrieved waste material that can still be converted or used for other purposes Safety Solute Solution protection against failure, breakage or other accident. the component of a solution that is dissolved in another component. a homogeneous mixture in which the components cannot be separated by any physical means
PERFORM SHOP MAINTENANCE | Inspect/Clean tools and Shop Work Area
[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1 Information sheet 1 Kinds, Uses and Properties of Cleaning Solvents Topic 1: Kinds of Cleaning Solvents Solutions are homogeneous mixture of two or more components. They can be gaseous, liquid or solid. When we speak of a solution, we usually think of a solid dissolved in water. While water is the most common solvent, other liquids are frequently employed as solvents for certain substances, for example wax may be dissolved in gasoline. The dissolved material in a solution is termed as solute (e.g., wax) while the dissolving medium is called solvent (e.g. gasoline). However, the term can be interchanged depending on which substance is of greater amount. Solvent is a component of a solution that dissolves solute and is usually present in large proportion or amount. It can be classified as polar or non-polar. Polar solvents are solvents which dissolve or are soluble in water; while non-polar solvents are solvents which do not dissolve or are insoluble in water. Solvents usually used for cleaning in automotive shops are: water, gasoline, kerosene, thinner and detergent soap. The table following shows the kinds of cleaning solvents based on their solubility in water.
Cleaning Solvents a. b. c. d. e. water gasoline kerosene thinner detergent soap
Solubility in Water soluble insoluble insoluble insoluble soluble
Polar x
Non-polar x x x
Topic 2: Properties of Cleaning Solvents A useful much quoted generalization is Like dissolves like. More specifically, high solubility occurs when the molecules of the solute are similar in structure and electrical properties to the molecules of the solvent. When there is a similarity of electrical properties; e.g. mixture of solute and solvent, the solute-solvent attractions are particularly strong. When there is dissimilarity, solute-solvent attractions are
PERFORMPERFORM SHOP MAINTENANCE | Inspect/Clean Shop Area SHOP MAINTENANCE| Inspect / tools Cleanand Tools and Work Work Area
[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1 weak. For this reason, a polar substance such as water (H2O) usually is a good solvent for a polar substance such as detergent soap but a poor solvent for a non-polar substance such as gasoline. Topic 3: Uses of Cleaning Solvents Cleaning Solvents 1. Gasoline 2. Diesoline Uses - It is use to wash oil/greasy tools/equipment. - It is use to wash oil engine, transmission and other parts of the vehicle. - It is use to remove dust, grease oil, paint, and other similar products. - It is use to remove spilled paint on the floor, walls and tools. - It is use to wash and or clean upholstered furniture such as seats, tables, cabinets and other similar products.
3. Kerosene 4. Thinner 5. Soap and water
PERFORMPERFORM SHOP MAINTENANCE | Inspect/Clean Shop Area SHOP MAINTENANCE| Inspect /tools Cleanand Tools and Work Work Area
[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1 SelfCheck No. 1 C. Identify the cleaning solvent described by the following statement. ______________ 1. Use to wash and clean upholstered furniture such as seats, tables, cabinets, etc. ______________ 2. Use to remove dust, grease oil, paint. ______________ 3. Used to wash oil, greasy tools and equipment ______________ 4. Use to remove spilled paint on the floor, wall and tools. ______________ 5. Used to wash oil engine, transmission, and other parts of the vehicle. D. Identify the following cleaning solvents as Polar or Non-Polar. Write P for Polar and NP for Non-Polar. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Kerosene Water Thinner Detergent soap Gasoline
PERFORM PERFORM SHOP MAINTENANCE | Inspect/Clean and Shop Area SHOP MAINTENANCE| Inspect /tools Clean Tools and Work Work Area
Information Sheet 2 Procedure in Cleaning Tools and Work Area Topic1 Steps in Cleaning Tools 1. Wear protective clothing and goggles. 2. Gather the tools to be cleaned in the designated area for cleaning. 3. Segregate the tools according to the kind of dirt they have. 4. Measure and pour enough amount of cleaning solvent into the washing pan. 5. Submerge the tools in the washing pan. 6. Use paintbrush to remove the dirt from the tools. 7. Get the tools from the washing pan and wipe them with a rag until dry. 8. Arrange the tools in designated rack or cabinet. 9. Clean and store all materials used for cleaning.
Topic 2 Steps in Cleaning Work Area 1. Wear protective clothing and goggles. 2. If there is dirt on the floor such as paint, used oil, grease, rust, and removes it first using the appropriate cleaning solvent. 3. Wipe the floor using a dry cloth. 4. Sweep the remaining dirt and collect the dirt using a dust pan. 5. Dispose the contents of the dust pan in a garbage container.
PERFORMPERFORM SHOP MAINTENANCE | Inspect/Clean Shop WorkArea Area SHOP MAINTENANCE| Inspect / tools Clean and Tools and Work
Self Check No. 2 Arrange in order the following steps in cleaning tools using numbers 1-9. ____A. Submerge the tools in the washing pan. ____B. Arrange the tools in designated rack or cabinet. ____C. Gather the tools to be cleaned in the designated area for cleaning. ____D. until Get the tools from the washing pan and wipe them with rags dry. ____E. Segregate the tools according to the kind of dirt they have. ____F. Clean and store all materials used for cleaning ____G. Measure and pour enough amount of cleaning solvent to the washing pan. ____H. Use paint brush to remove the dirt from the tools. ____I. Wear protective clothing and goggles
Arrange the following steps in order and use numbers 1-5 ____A. Remove the remaining dirt and collect using dust pan. ____B. Dispose the contents of the dust pan in a garbage container. ____C. If there is dirt on the floor such as paint, used oil, grease, rust, remove it first using the appropriate cleaning solvent ____D. Wipe the floor using dry cloth. ____E. Wear protective clothing and goggles.
PERFORMPERFORM SHOP MAINTENANCE | Inspect/Clean Shop Area SHOP MAINTENANCE| Inspect / tools Cleanand Tools and Work Work Area
[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1 Information Sheet No. 3 5S 5S is a systematized approach to organize work areas, keep rules, standards and maintain discipline. It stands for seiri, seiton, seiso, seiketsu, and shitsuke. It was the Japanese who developed 5S as part of their productivity and total quality management concept. There are steps involved in each of the 5S. 1. SEIRI ( SORT ) Remove unnecessary items and dispose them properly Make work easy by eliminating obstacles Provide no chance to be distracted by unnecessary objects. Prevent accumulation of unnecessary materials.
Figure 1 - Checking, arranging and clearing the equipment from obstructions (fotosearch.com)
2. SEITON (SYSTEMATIZE) Arrange necessary items in good to access them easily. Prevent loss and waste of time. Find easily necessary items Ensure first come-first served basis. Make work flow smooth and easy.
PERFORM PERFORM SHOP MAINTENANCE | Inspect/Clean and Shop Area SHOP MAINTENANCE| Inspect /tools Clean Tools and Work Work Area
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Figure 2 A properly arranged power tool shelf for easy identification.
3. SEISO (SWEEP) Clean your workplace completely Facilitates monitoring of anything unusual. Prevent machinery and equipment from deterioration. Keep workplace safe and conducive to work
4. SEIKETSU (STANDARDIZE) Maintain high standards of housekeeping and workplace organization at all times Maintain cleanliness and orderliness Prevent mismanagement of operation
PERFORM PERFORM SHOP MAINTENANCE | Inspect/Clean tools and Shop SHOP MAINTENANCE| Inspect / Clean Tools andWork Work Area Area
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Figure 4 - Checking the service manual to verify the correct engine specification to be sure that the repair being made is based on manufacturers standard photo (fotosearch.com)
5. SHITSUKE (SELF-DISCIPLINE) Do things spontaneously without being told or ordered. Standardize good practice
Figure 5 returning the tools to its proper storage is an example of self-discipline (fotosearch.com)
PERFORM SHOP MAINTENANCE | Inspect/Clean tools Tools and Shop Work Area PERFORM SHOP MAINTENANCE| Inspect / Clean and Work Area
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1 SELF-CHECK No. 3 Match Column A to Column B. Write only the letter of your answer. A ______1. Shitsuke ______2. Seiketsu ______3. Seiso ______4. Seiton ______5. Seiri B a. maintaining high standards of housekeeping and workplace organization b. clean your workplace completely c. removing unnecessary items and proper disposal of waste d. arrangement of items for easy access. e. doing things naturally without being told or ordered
PERFORMPERFORM SHOP MAINTENANCE | Inspect/Clean Shop Area SHOP MAINTENANCE| Inspect /tools Cleanand Tools and Work Work Area
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1 Information Sheet 4 Occupational Health and Safety Practices in Handling Cleaning Solvents A great percentage of eye injury and cuts results from wanton disregard of the simplest rules in handling cleaning solvents. You should never use compressed air (air from the air compressor tank) to clean your clothes, hands or body. The pressure could cause the cleaning solvents and dirt particles to penetrate your skin, resulting in infection and blood poisoning. Do not use compressed air to clean an object immediately after it has been removed from a hot cleaning tank. First, rinse the cleaning solvents away with water. Do not use carbon tetrachloride (a clear untreated liquid with sweet-smelling scent used to make chlorofluorocarbon and used also as a dry cleaning instrument and one of the chemicals used in fire extinguishers. This is also used as solvents in making rubber cement, soaps, insecticides etc) as a cleaning solution. The fumes, when inhaled can cause serious internal injury and possibly result in death. When steam-cleaning, place the object to be cleaned on a pallet ( a flatform used to hold objects for transport) and wear a face shield and rubber gloves for protection against loose debris (discard garbage or trash from the cleaned automobile parts). In any cleaning job use the appropriate gloves. Do not, for instance use, welding gloves when removing an object from a hot tank, or rubber gloves when welding. If you have cut, nicked, or burned yourself, or something has got into your eyes, report immediately to a first-aid person. Keep all inflammable cleaning solvents in closed tin containers, and whenever possible, store them in a separate area
Figure 6 Proper storage for gasoline and other flammable liquids (newpig.com)
PERFORM PERFORM SHOP MAINTENANCE | Inspect/Clean Shop Area SHOP MAINTENANCE| Inspect /tools Cleanand Tools and Work Work Area
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1 SELF-CHECK No. 4 Select the best answer. Write the letter of your choice on the answer sheet provided by your teacher or trainer. 1. As a safety precaution, which of the following safety devices should be worn in steam-cleaning engine parts? a. face shield b. rubber gloves c. all of the above 2. Which of the following injuries will be caused by compressed air if used to clean clothes, hands or body soiled with flammable cleaning solvent? a. pimples b. burn c. blood poisoning 3. Which of the following solvents should not be used as a cleaning solution for it poses hazards to health? a. gasoline b. carbon tetrachloride c. kerosene 4. Which of the following should we use to keep a flammable cleaning solvent? a. aluminum basin b. plastic pail c. closed tin container
PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS Inspect / Clean Area PERFORM SHOP MAINTENANCE| Inspect| / Clean Tools and Work Work Area
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Program/Course Unit of Competency Module Title
AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC 1 PERFORM SHOP MAINTENANCE Performing Shop Maintenance
Learning Outcome 2 Store and Arrange Tools and Shop Equipment
Shop tools and equipment are the weapons of an automotive technician. Correct storage and handling of these tools are vital activities in maintaining their good working condition. Proper storage also helps in locating the needed tools thus lose or damages of the tools are prevented. Assessment Criteria: 1. Tools and equipment are checked and stored in their respective shelves or location. 2. Tools and equipment are properly labeled 3. Tools are safely secured and properly recorded
Definition of Terms Inventory Tools an itemized list or catalog of tools and equipment. are handheld devices when properly used will enable us to do the job with safety, speed, and efficient a facility where the tools are properly displayed and labeled for easy identification and use is an area where the learner undergoes actual performance to develop his/her competency.
Tool Rack Work shop
PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS | Inspect / Clean Area PERFORM SHOP MAINTENANCE|Store/Arrange Tools and Shop Work Equipment
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Information Sheet 1 TYPES OF HAND TOOLS HAND TOOLS are tools controlled by hand 1. STRIKING TOOL a. Hammer a tool most commonly used for striking purposes. Ball peen hammer ball peen hammer is also called as machinist hammer which is widely used in metalworks. This is used in metal fabrication as well as in automobile repair especially in striking punches, chisels and automobile parts which need striking.
Figure 7 ball peen hammer Plastic-Tip Hammer is a metal hammer coated with hard plastic used strike engine parts but not damaging part being hammered.
Figure 8 Plastic tip Hammer (hammersource.com) Rubber and Wooden Mallet are used when a soft blow is needed and no marks or damage to the parts being forced or fitted together.
Figure 9 rubber mallet
PERFORM PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS | Inspect / Clean Area SHOP MAINTENANCE|Store/Arrange Tools and Shop Work Equipment
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2. TURNING TOOLS A. Screw Drivers used for driving and turning screws. There are two types of screwdrivers: the Philip Screwdriver which is used to drive cross head screws and the standard screwdriver used to drive flat head screws.
Figure 10-flat head screwdriver
Figure 11 Philip Screwdriver
B. Wrenches a long-handled tool with fused or adjustable jaws used to tighten and loosen bolts and nuts Types of Wrenches 1. Open End Wrench a type of wrench with a U-shape opening used to hold the head of the bolt or nut with its two opening jaws.
Figure 12 Open end Wrench 2. Box Wrench a type of wrench that boxes in the head of the bolt or nut which create a strong grip to the bolt head.
Figure 13 box wrench (shoptoolsshoptools.com) 3. Adjustable Wrench is similar to an open wrench but with fixed and adjustable jaws to adjust the jaw opening to fit the size of the bolt head or nut.
PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS | Inspect / Clean Area PERFORM SHOP MAINTENANCE|Store/Arrange Tools and ShopWork Equipment
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Figure 14 the proper way of using an adjustable wrench
4. Socket Wrench is a hollow cylinder similar to a box wrench that fits to the bolt head and nut. It has a detachable handle and interchangeable head called socket. The handle can be a ratchet handle, sliding T-handle, a knuckle bar or a speed handle. Socket wrench can also be attached to a torque wrench.
Figure 15 a set of socket wrench (tpub.com)
5. Torque Wrench is a tool used to apply accurate torque or tightness of the bolt or nut. It is usually used with a socket wrench and specially made to prevent overtightening of the bolts or nut which damages the bolt head and its thread.
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Figure 16 torque wrench (whatisthetrend.net)
3. GRIPPING TOOLS are holding device used to hold, bend or compress objects while performing certain task. They could also be used for cutting wires at any angle. a. Pliers tools with a pair of adjustable pivoted jaws for cutting. There are several types of pliers such as slip joint pliers, channel lock pliers (tongue and groove), locking pliers, long nose pliers, diagonal cutting pliers, lines man pliers, end cutting pliers.
Locking Pliers
Slip Joint Pliers
Channel Lock Pliers
Long Nose Pliers
Side Cutting Pliers
Lines Man Pliers
Figure 17- Various types of Gripping pliers and cutting pliers
PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS | Inspect / Clean Area PERFORM SHOP MAINTENANCE|Store/Arrange Tools and ShopWork Equipment
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1 4. CUTTING TOOLS a. Chisel a cutting tool with a single cutting edge
Cold Chisel
Cape Chisel
Half Round Chisel
Diamond Point Chisel
Round Nose Chisel
Figure 18 Various types of Chisel b. Hacksaw is basically an adjustable metal frame that holds a steel saw blade used to cut metal.
Figure 19 Hacksaw
c. Files are tools for cutting and shaping metal
Flat File
Round File
Triangular File Figure 20-Various types of Files
PERFORMPERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS | Inspect / Clean Area SHOP MAINTENANCE | Store/Arrange Tools and Shop Work Equipment
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d. Punches tools used to knock out rivets and pairs. Center Punch is used to mark the center of the hole. Prick Punch is similar to center punch used for marking out. Pin Punch is a punch used to drive pins. The use of pin pinch is similar to a nail punch which is used to flush nail head from the surface.
Center punch
Prick punch
Pin punch
Figure 21 various types of punches
e. Twist Drill a tool for making holes.
Figure 22 Parts of twist drill (picture source engineeringhut.blogspot.com)
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1 Power Tools and Equipment ELECTRIC TOOLS are electrically powered equipment used to speed up the task to be performed. 1. Electric Drill - an electrically operated machine used to drill holes using twist drill attached to its chuck.
Figure 23 electric handheld drill (photo source machsources.com)
2. Drill Press is similar to electric drill but installed to a pedestal and mounted to a working bench or to the floor. Drill press achieve a more precise drilling process because both the drilling machine and the work are both held in place thus minimize the incidental movement from the drill machine operator.
Figure 24 parts of a drill press (photo source efunda.com)

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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1 3. Bench Grinder is an electric motor with two abrasive wheels attached to both ends of the motor shaft used to grind metals or to sharpen metal cutting tools such as twist drill, punches, chisel and other cutting tools. The grinder is hold in place in a working bench or a pedestal.
Figure 25 bench grinder (photo source thesurfacegrinder.com) 4. Soldering Gun is an electrically operated tool used to solder or to joins metals to attain a good conductive contact. This is a pistol shaped tool with a trigger for easy operation. Soldering gun is usually used to join electrical splices and joints.
Figure 26 Soldering Gun (photo source tpub.com)

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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1 5. Vacuum Cleaner are used to clean the automobile interiors to make it free from dust and dirt. It is also used to collect hazardous materials from the automobile such like asbestos from the brake drum and clutch housing.
Figure 27 Shop vacuum cleaner

(photo courtesy of unoclean.com)
6. Welding Machine is an electrically powered machine used to join two pieces of metal together permanently by way of fusion.
Figure 28 Electric Arc welding machine

(Photo source: madeinchina.com)
PNEUMATIC TOOLS- are power tools that operate with the use of compressed air. 1. Air Hammer is a tool that produces a reciprocity (back and forth) motion to drive a hammering or cutting tool
Figure 29 Air Hammer
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1 2. Air Drill is a drilling machine similar to a handheld electric drill but operate using compressed air.
Figure 30 air drill (photo courtesy of airless.net.au) 3. Pneumatic car lift is a compressed-air operated machine used to lift a car.
Figure 31 Pneumatic Car Lift (photo source: qrbiz.com)
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1 4. Air Compressor is an electrically operated machine that generates compressed air inside the tank through the air compressor machine.
(photo source: senatorair.com.au)
Figure 32- Air Compressor
HYDRAULIC TOOLS are power tools and equipment operated with the use of compressed liquid such as hydraulic oil (low viscosity oil), brake fluid and other hydraulic fluids. 1. Hydraulic Lifts are hydraulically operated lifts used to lift a portion of a car or the car itself. The fluid of the hydraulic lifts comes from its tank pumped towards the hydraulic cylinder, either manually or with the use of special pump run by electricity.
Figure 33 hydraulic table lift (photo source directindustry.com)
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2. SHOP CRANE lifts and transports heavy objects. It is use in removing the engine from a vehicle.
Figure 34 shop crane

(photo source medexsupply.com)
3. Hydraulic Press is a machine using a hydraulic force to generate compressive force. It is used to remove or install forced fitted engine parts.
Figure 35- Hydraulic Press

(photo source: ari-hetra.com)
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1 Self-Check No. 1 Tell whether the following can be classified as Hand Tools or Power Tools. Write HT if your answer is Hand Tool and PT for Power Tool. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. PLIERS DRILL PRESS AIR COMPRESSOR HAMMER SCREW DRIVER WRENCH SHOP CRANE ELECTRIC DRILL TWIST DRILL/DRILL BIT FILES PUNCHES VACUUM CLEANER CHISEL WELDING MACHINE HACKSAW HYDRAULIC PRESS PNEUMATIC LIFTER AIR DRILL BENCH GRINDER SOLDERING GUN
PERFORM PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS | Inspect / Clean Work Area SHOP MAINTENANCE|Store/Arrange Tools and Shop Equipment
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Information Sheet 2 Procedure for Arranging Tools and Equipment 1. Arrange tools in a tool rack. 2. Label each tool for easy identification. 3. Assign a number to each tool and this number should be properly marked in the rack. 4. If possible, draw the exact outline of each tool as it rests in its proper place in the rack.
Methods of Storing Tools and Equipment 1. Classify the tools and equipment according to types. 2. Arrange the tools by types in the shelves/racks. 3. Place equipment in designated places or location.
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1 Self-Check No. 2 I. Arrange the following procedures in order.
_____ A. If possible, draw the exact outline of each tool as it rests in its proper place in the rack. _____ B. _____ C. Align each tool in a tool rack. Label each tool in the tool rack for easy identification. properly marked in the rack. II. Arrange the following methods of storing tools and equipment in order.
_____ D. Assign a number to each tool and this number should be
___________ A. Place equipment in the designated place or location. ___________B. Classify the tools and equipment according to types. ___________C. Arrange the tools by types in the shelves/racks.
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1 Information Sheet 3 Safety Measures in Storing and Arranging Tools and Equipment 1. Check or inspect the tools for damages before storing them. 2. Apply a thin film of oil to the hand tools before storing. 3. Hand tools with sharp edges should be covered with wood or leather. 4. To avoid losing the tools, put them properly in designated places. 5. Make sure that the tools and equipment are clean and in good condition before placing them in the tool panel. 6. Make sure to turn off properly electrically operated tools afte use to avoid accidents or damages. 7. Check if the tools that you keep are complete.
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Self-Check No. 3 Write True if the given statement is correct and False if it is wrong. _____1. Check or inspect the tools for damages before storing them. _____2. Apply a thin film of oil to the hand tools before storing. _____3. Hand tools with sharp edges should be covered with wood or leather. _____4. To avoid losing the tools, put them properly in designated or places. _____ 5. Make sure that the tools and equipment are clean and in good condition before placing them in the tool panel.
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Program/Course Unit of Competency Module Title
AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC 1 PERFORM SHOP MAINTENANCE Performing Shop Maintenance
Learning Outcome No 3 Dispose Waste and Used Lubricant Waste disposal is one of the problems in any automotive shops. Automobiles use chemicals which are hazardous to health and to the environment so precautionary measures should be observed to prevent any damage that may happen due to incorrect disposal of used lubricants and other chemicals. Assessment Criteria: 1. Containers for used lubricants are properly labeled 2. Waste or used lubricants are disposed per Workshop Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) Definition of Terms Biodegradable Chemicals ability of being turned into harmless products by the action of microorganisms. substances obtained by a chemical process, prepared for use in chemical manufacture, or used for producing chemical effect. refers to the discharge, deposit, dumping, spilling, leaking or placing of any solid waste a machine that converts heat energy into mechanical energy. A device that burns fuel to produce mechanical power; sometimes referred to as power plant. Produces power to move a vehicle. a liquid blend of hydrocarbon, obtained from crude oil; used as fuel in most automobile engines. lubricating oil to which thickening agents have been added to lubricate the automobile moving parts to minimize the effect of friction. a substance used for reducing friction such as oil or grease.
PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS | Inspect / Clean Work Area PERFORM SHOP MAINTENANCE|Store/Dispose Waste/Used Lubricant
Disposal Engine
Gasoline Grease
Lubricant
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1 Information Sheet 1 Harmful Effects of Wastes A. Solid waste materials The following are the harmful effects of the solid waste materials if disposed improperly in the environment 1. Clogging of public sewerage system which eventually causes flooding. 2. Breeding grounds for flies, mosquitoes and other diseasecarrying insects. 3. Pollution of land, water and air. 4. Poor health or even death to human beings, animals and other living things. 5. Negative impression on our country. 6. Negative impact to our tourism industry. 7. Poor economy. B. Used oil It contains hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, sludge and other toxic materials that pose health hazards to human beings and other living things when inhaled or taken internally. Used oils when disposed in the public sewerage system find their way to the rivers and the seas pollute the body of water, consequently, exterminating sea creatures. Large amount of oil pollutants in land, air and water affects the environment.
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1 Self-Check No. 1 A. Enumerate at least seven harmful effects of waste materials. Write your answer on the answer sheet provided by your trainer. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
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Information Sheet 2 Examples of Disposed Waste or Used Lubricants 1. Biodegradable paper wood leaves 2. Non-biodegradable but recyclable scrap iron metal chips plastic container cans wire used oil grease damaged spare parts tires 3. Non-biodegradable and non-recyclable used rags
Safety Measures in Disposing Waste or Used Lubricant 1. Separate used cans, plastics and other similar materials. They can be recycled to make new and useful materials. 2. Do not throw used oils and grease into bodies of water. Put it properly in a container before disposing. 3. Sell wires, scrap irons, metal spare parts and other disposable metals to the recycling companies.
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Self-Check No. 2 Directions: Classify the following wastes/used lubricants, Write A for biodegradable B for non-biodegradable but recyclable and C for nonbiodegradable and non-recyclable. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 scrap iron metal chips rags plastic container cans wires damaged spare parts paper wood used oil used grease
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1 Program/Course Unit of Competency Module Title AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC 1 PERFORM SHOP MAINTENANCE Performing Shop Maintenance
Learning Outcome # 4 Report Damages Tools and Equipment Introduction: Inventory and reporting of lost and or damaged tools and equipment should be done preferably on a daily basis. This is to help identify the person responsible for the incident in case of damage, immediately repair or replace the tool or equipment. Assessment Criteria: 1. Complete inventory of tools and equipment is maintained 2. Damaged tools and equipment are identified and recommendation for repair is submitted 3. Reports are prepared without error and discrepancy Definition of Terms Tools Tool Rack Workshop are handheld devices enabling us to do job with safety, speed, and efficiency. a facility where tools are displayed in proper order and labeled for easy identification and use is an area where the learner undergoes actual performance for the development of competency.
PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS | Inspect / Clean Area PERFORM SHOP MAINTENANCE|Report Damages Tools and Work Equipment
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Information Sheet 1 Maintaining Inventory of Tools and Equipment Topic 1. Why Maintain Inventory of Tools and Equipment It is important at the beginning of your career is to begin purchasing top-grade tools. These tools are made from high-quality steel and manufactured to precision. Special care is necessary to these tools and equipment. As a technician, work with your tools daily and regular conduct on inventory of them to prevent loses. The initial cost of even a minimum number of tools is high but the accompanying warranty guarantees satisfaction and many years of service. It is better, in the long run, to start with a few carefully selected tools that will take care of your most common needs and then gradually build-up to a complete set. It is sometimes hard to identify and memorize the huge number of tools and equipment in the workshop, hence maintaining an inventory record is of great value. Topic 2. Inventory of Tools and Equipment
Here are the steps in developing an inventory of tools and equipment: 1. Secure inventory forms of tools and equipment. 2. Study the parts of the inventory form. 3. Check if the list of tools and equipment in the inventory form tallies with the existing tools and equipment found in the workshop, including their specification and condition. 4. List down any losses and damage found during the inventory. 5. Fill out the remarks column of the inventory form for any losses or damages. 6. Recommend to replace lost tools and equipment and to repair damaged ones.
PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONSDamages | Inspect / Clean Area PERFORM SHOP MAINTENANCE|Report Tools and Work Equipment
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SAMPLE INVENTORY FORM OF TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT Item No.
Quantity
Unit
Description
Condition
Remarks
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SELF-SHECK No. 1 A. Explain the importance of maintaining the tools and equipment in the shop. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ B. Arrange the following steps in order and use numbers 1-6. ______a. ______b. ______ c. ______ d. List down any losses and damage found during the inventory. Study the parts of the inventory form. Recommend for replacement of lost tools and equipment and repair of damaged ones. Check whether the list of tools and equipment in the inventory form tallies with the existing tools and equipment found in the workshop including their specification and condition. Secure inventory form of tools and equipment. Fill out the remarks column of the inventory form for any losses for damages.
_______e. _______f.
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1 Information Sheet 2 PURPOSE OF BORROWERS RECEIPT 1. To avoid losing tools and equipment 2. To serve as a proof for borrowed materials and who is liable for any damage or lose 3. To process an organized system in lending tools and equipment 4. To monitor easily the number of borrowed tools and equipment.
BORROWERS RECEIPT
Item No.
Qty
Unit
Description
Date Date Conditions Borrowed Returned
PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS | Inspect / Clean Area PERFORM SHOP MAINTENANCE|Report Damages Tools and Work Equipment
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Self-Check No. 2 A. Enumerate the different purposes of having a borrowers receipt. 1.__________________________________________________________ 2.___________________________________________________________ 3.___________________________________________________________ 4.___________________________________________________________ B. Explain why is it important to have a borrowers receipt? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 2 Program/Course Unit of Competency AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I Read, Interpret, and Apply Specification and Manuals Module Title Reading, Interpreting and Applying Specification and manuals INTRODUCTION: This module contains information and suggested learning activities on Reading, Interpreting and Applying Specification and Manuals. Completion of this module will help you better understand the succeeding module Applying appropriate sealant and adhesive. This module consists of four learning outcomes. Each learning outcome contains learning activities supported by instruction sheets. Before you perform the instructions, read the information sheets and answer the self-check and activities provided to ascertain that you have acquired the knowledge necessary to perform the skill portion of the particular learning outcome. Upon completing this module, report to your instructor for assessment of your achievement of knowledge and skills requirements of this module. If you pass the assessment, you will be given a certificate of completion.
SUMMARY OF LEARNING OUTCOMES: Upon completion of the module, you should be able to: LO 1. identify and access specifications found in manuals; LO 2. interpret relevant information from manuals; LO 3. apply salient information taken from manual; and LO 4. store manuals.
PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS READING, INTERPRETING AND APPLYING SPECIFICATIONS AND MANUALS |
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Pre-Test A Select the letter of the best answer. 1. It describes the types of service information used by automobile mechanics. a. manual b. module c. owners guide d. job order 2. It contains technical information and lists of every conceivable detail of maintenance and repair. a. service manual b. manual c. repair guide d. job order 3. These are manuals that cover all vehicles produced by a company for a one-year period. a. service manual b. manufacturers manual c. special service manual d. general service manual 4. A manual that covers only specified repair areas. a. service manual b. manufacturers manual c. special service manual d. general service manual 5. These manuals are sold by automobile manufacturing companies but not as detailed as the manufacturers manual. a. service manual b. manufacturers manual c. special service manual d. general service manual B. Explain the following: 1. Procedures in storing manuals 2. Proper recording and labeling of manuals 3. How to keep record for manuals
PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS READING, INTERPRETING AND APPLYING SPECIFICATIONS AND MANUALS |
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 2 Program/Course: Unit of Competency: Module Title: Automotive Servicing READ, INTERPRET, AND APPLY SPECIFICATION AND MANUALS Reading, Interpreting and Applying Specification and Manual
Learning Outcome 1: Identify and Access Specifications found in Manuals Every engine has its own characteristics. Its a way for the automobile manufacturers to make their product unique and to protect their intellectual property rights over them. So there are no two similar engines produced by two different companies. In repairing engines, the service manual is a vital reference of the automotive mechanic. It describes the types of service information that can be used by the mechanic. The information sheet on the next page explains how to use several types of sources to locate service information. It begins by showing you how to identify what vehicle you are working on. ASSESSMENT CRITERIA: 1. Appropriate manuals to be used are identified and accessed by job requirement. 2. Version and date of manual are checked to ensure correct specification and procedures 3. Information and procedures in the manuals are interpreted in accordance with industry standard Definition of Terms Owners Manual this manual provides information about routine operation and servicing a vehicle. Service Manual this manual list every conceivable detail of vehicle maintenance and repair from the smallest engine part to the exact torque needed to tighten every nut and bolt. Vehicle Identification Number Vehicle Emission Control Information Technical Service Bulletins
VIN VECI TSBs
PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS READING, INTERPRETING AND APPLYING SPECIFICATIONS AND MANUALS | Identify and Access Specifications found in Manuals
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 2 Information Sheet 1 IDENTIFY AND ACCESS MANUAL SPECIFICATION 1. IMPORTANCE OF MANUAL SPECIFICATION The manual describes the types of service information used by automobile mechanics. This information sheet explains how to use several types of sources to locate service information. It begins by showing you how to identify what vehicle you are working on. This manual helps you understand the methods of operation and the maintenance and repair procedures that apply specifically to the vehicle. 2. TYPES OF MANUALS a. Owners Manual- this manual supplies all the necessary routine information about operating and servicing your vehicle. Among other things, it explains the proper way to start the engine and change flat tire, how to operate the air conditioning and radio and when to lubricate and change the engine oil. This manual also provides minor trouble shooting and lists such vital statistics as the capacity of the gas tank and types of fuses required for the electrical systems. b. Service Manual the service manual for your vehicle contains technical information and lists every conceivable detail of maintenance and repair, from the smallest engine part to the exact torque needed to tighten every nut and bolt. It describes the parts and the operation of all the vital components of the vehicle and explains complex procedures. Types of Service Manuals There are various types of service manuals and it is important for you to understand their differences. a. Manufacturers Manuals are published by the various auto makers. Also called factory manuals, each covers vehicles produced by that company, usually for a one-year period. b. Specialized Service Manual covers only specified repair areas. They usually come in several volumes, each covering one section of the vehicle. One may cover engines, another body components, or electrical systems. Specialized manuals are published by auto makers. c. General Repair Manuals are sold by companies other than the major auto makers. These volumes are like manufacturers manuals, but are not as detailed.
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Figure 1 Examples of service manuals
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 2 Self-Check 1 1. It describes the types of service information used by automobile mechanics. a. Manual b. Module c. Owners Guide d. Job Order 2. It contains technical information and lists every conceivable detail of maintenance and repair. a. Service Manual b. Manual c. Repair Guide d. Job Order 3. These are manuals that cover vehicles produced by the company for a one-year period. a. Service Manual b. Manufacturers Manual c. Special Service Manual d. General Service Manual 4. A manual that covers only specified repair areas. a. Service Manual b. Manufacturers Manual c. Special Service Manual d. General Service Manual 5. These manuals are sold by automobile manufacturing companies but not as detailed as the manufacturers manual. a. Service Manual b. Manufacturers Manual c. Special Service Manual d. General Service Manual
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 2 Program/Course: Unit of Competency: Module Title: Automotive Servicing READ, INTERPRET, AND APPLY SPECIFICATION AND MANUALS Reading, Interpreting and Applying Specification and Manual
Learning Outcome 3. Apply Salient Information Taken from Manual Applying salient information taken from the manual is very important to put back the normal operating condition of an automobile. Like human beings, engines also have their own uniqueness so therefore, application of the salient information in the manual is very important. ASSESSMENT CRITERIA: 1. Manual is interpreted according to job requirement 2. Work procedures are correctly identified in accordance with manufacturers specification 3. Manual data are applied according to the given task 4. Sequencing and adjustment are interpreted in accordance with information contained on the manual or specification Definition of Terms Owners Manual - this manual supplies routine information about operating and servicing your vehicle. Service Manual this manual list every conceivable detail of maintenance and repair of your vehicle from the smallest engine part to the exact torque needed to tighten every nut and bolt. Vehicle Identification Number Vehicle Emission Control Information Technical Service Bulletins
VIN VECI TSBs
PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS READING, INTERPRETING AND APPLYING SPECIFICATIONS AND MANUALS | Apply Salient Information Taken from Manuals
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Operation Sheet 1.1 LO 3: Applying Salient information taken from Manuals Title: Reading, interpreting and applying information from manuals. Materials Record book Ballpen or pencil
Learning Materials Manual Module Instructions: Read specific information in the manual and perform the needed information.
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PERFORMANCE EVALUATION
LO ____:
POINTS
WORKMANSHIP/PERFORMANCE A. QUALITY OF WORK WITH APPLICATION OF SAFETY MEASURES 35 - EXEMPLARY 25 - ADEQUATE 10 - NEED IMPROVEMENT B. ACCURARY OF PERFORMANCE UNDER SPECIFIED TIME LIMIT 30 - ALL WORK IS COMPLETE AND CORRECT 20 - MINOR MISTAKE OR ERROR 10 - SOME OF THE WORK MAYBE INCOMPLETE/MISDIRECTED C. PROPER USE OF TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT WITH SAFETY MEASURES 35 - SELECT/USE PROPERLY OF TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT 25 - WRONG HANDLING OF TOOLS 10 - TOOLS ARE NOT SUITABLE FOR THE JOB TOTAL SCORES
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 2 Program/Course: Unit of Competency: Automotive Servicing READ, INTERPRET, AND APPLY SPECIFICATION AND MANUALS Module Title: Reading, Interpreting and Applying Specification and Manual Learning Outcome 4. Store Manuals Storing manuals is like maintaining books in the library. Books, like manuals, should be properly labeled and arranged. Periodic inventory should be conducted and recorded. Manuals are the mechanics reference on the what, when, where, why and how questions in automobile servicing. ASSESSMENT CRITERIA: 1. Manuals are stored and arranged in proper places. 2. Inventory of manuals is conducted and recorded as per shop procedures. 3. Manuals are properly labeled as per storing procedures.
PERFORM MENSURATION AND |CALCULATIONS READING, INTERPRETING AND APPLYING SPECIFICATIONS AND MANUALS Store Manuals |
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 2 Information Sheet 1 Procedure in storing manuals; Proper recording and labeling; Record book for manuals Storing manuals In finding a place for storing manuals must a. be a built-in cabinet b. be accessible to the students c. clean, secured and safe from destruction. To do proper recording and labeling . . . a. Classify the manuals as to their type or kind. b. Label the manuals on the cover according to their classification. Have a record book for all manuals. a. Teacher must have a control copy of all the manuals. b. As for the students, there must also be a chart posted where all the manuals are printed and arranged, so that students will easily locate or find the manuals they be will be going to use in servicing vehicle. c. Students must fill in the borrowers card for proper record as well as the logbook.
PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS READING, INTERPRETING AND APPLYING SPECIFICATIONS AND MANUALS | Store Manuals |
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 2 Self-Check No. 1 Explain the following: 1. Procedures in storing manuals 2. Proper recording and labeling of manuals 3. How to keep record for manuals
PERFORM MENSURATION AND |CALCULATIONS READING, INTERPRETING AND APPLYING SPECIFICATIONS AND MANUALS Store Manuals |
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 3 Program/Course Unit of Competency Module Title AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I Perform Mensuration and Calculation Performing Mensuration and Calculation
This module contains information and suggested learning activities on Performing Mensuration and Calculation. It includes instructions and procedure on how to perform mensuration and calculation. Completion of this module will help you better understand the succeeding module on Selecting measuring instrument, Carrying-out measurement and calculation work and Maintaining measuring instrument. This module consists of three learning outcomes. Each learning outcome contains learning activities supported by instruction sheets. Before you perform the instructions, read the information sheets and answer the self-check and activities provided to ascertain yourself that you have acquired the knowledge necessary to perform the skill portion of the particular learning outcome. Upon completing this module, report to your teacher for assessment to check your achievement of knowledge and skills requirements of this module. If you pass the assessment, you will be given a certificate of completion. SUMMARY OF LEARNING OUTCOMES: Upon completion of the module, you should be able to: L.O. 1. select measuring instrument; L.O. 2. carry-out measurement and calculation and L.O. 3. maintain measuring instrument.
PERFORM MENSURATION AND PERFORM MENSURATIONS AND CALCULATIONS CALCULATIONS |
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 3 Pre-Test A. Identify what is being asked in the following sentences. Write your answers on a separate sheet. ________ 1. It measures the electrical resistance ________ 2. It is used in setting a perfect timing for the spark plug to give electric spark during combustion in the ignition system. _________3. A device for measuring engine speed or revolution per minute. _________4. It is used to measure the specific gravity of battery electrolyte to determine the state of battery charge. _________5. A device for measuring the potential difference of voltages between two points such as the terminals of battery alternator or two points in an electric circuit. _________6. It is used for diagnosing ignition and other electrical problems. ________ 7. It is used to test the compression pressure of the Individual cylinders, ________ 8. It is used to track down troubles in an engine that does not run as well as it should. _________9. A plastic material available in strips of various diameter. _________ 10. Strips and blades of metal of various thicknesses. _________ 11. It has a dial face and a needle to register measurements. _________ 12. Precisely-sized pieces of round wire. _________ 13. The simplest tool used for measuring linear distances. _________ 14. A hand held precision measuring instrument. _________ 15. A device that can take both inside and outside measurements
PERFORM MENSURATION AND PERFORM MENSURATIONS AND CALCULATIONS CALCULATIONS |
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 3 B. Identify the following: Write your answers on a separate sheet. ___________ 1. It is a decimal system of physical units of length. ___________ 2. It refers to the measurement used to measure long distances within cities or between cities. ___________ 3. It refers to the Greek word for meter which means measure. ___________ 4. It is the measurement used for volumes. ___________ 5. It refers to the basic unit of length in the metric system. C. Match Column A with Column B. Write the letter of your answer on the space provided before each number. ____1. deca a. one hundred ____2. pico ____3. one billion ____4. USC system ____5. hector D. Convert the following: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 3 ft to inches 64 fl. oz. to pint 3 tons to ounces 4 ft to inches 3 quarts to fl. oz. b. inches, feet, miles c. giga d. one- trillionth e. ten f. one-thousandth
E. True or False: Write the word true if the statement is correct and false if it is wrong. Write your answers on a separate sheet. 1. Check the vernier caliper periodically for accuracy. 2. Place micrometer together with the other tools. 3. Use steel rub to open paint can. 4. Avoid laying other tool on the rule. 5. Measuring tools should be stored in individual cases. 6. Clean and apply oil on a micrometer after use and before storage. 7. Leave the measuring tools on the workbench after using it. 8. Place the steel rule near the moving machinery. 9. Clean the spindle and anvil face of the micrometer before use. 10. Use magnifying glass to make vernier ready.
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 3 Program/Course Unit of Competency Module Title AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC 1 PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATION Performing Mensuration and Calculation
Learning Outcome No. 1. Select Measuring Instrument Selecting the correct instruments is vital in measuring engine parts. To get the precise measurements, correct tools must be selected depending on the part of the engine being measured. Assessment Criteria: 1. Object or component to be measured is identified 2. Correct specifications from relevant source are obtained 3. Appropriate measuring instrument is selected according to job requirements. Definition of Terms Accurate capable of providing information based on accepted standards.
Clearance the space, allowance or gap between working parts of an engine which sometimes is occupied by oil. Diameter is the distance from one point to another point in the circumference of the circle passing through its center.
Electricity is a term for occurrence which results to the movement of electric charge inside the conductor Electrolyte is a solution inside a storage battery that reacts with the battery plates to produce electric current. Battery electrolyte is also known as sulfuric acid (H2SO4) Mensuration the calculation of geometric quantities such as length, area, and volume from dimensions and angles that are already known. Precision the accuracy to which a calculation is performed, specifying the number of significant digits with which the result is expressed the force acting on a surface divided by the area over which it acts.
Pressure
MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS PERFORM MENSURATIONS PERFORM AND CALCULATIONS | Select Measuring Instrument |
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 3 Resistance the opposition to the flow of electrons in a circuit Vacuum Volume Weight is a volume of space which is lower than the atmospheric pressure. is the amount of a three dimensional form surrounded by a predetermined limit is the downward force of the object due to the gravity
PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS PERFORM MENSURATIONS AND CALCULATIONS | Select Measuring Instrument |
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INFORMATION SHEET No. 1 TYPES OF MEASURING INSTRUMENTS Topic 1. Precision Measuring Instruments
1. Rule or Steel rule The simplest tool used for measuring linear distances
Figure 1 The English measuring rule
PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS | Performing Mensuration andInstrument Calculation PERFORM MENSURATIONS AND CALCULATIONS | Select Measuring
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 3 2. Thickness gauges or Feeler gauges These are metal strips and blades of various thicknesses. They are used to measure small gaps or distances such as the clearance between two parts.
Figure 2 Thickness Gauge
Figure 3 Use thickness gauge or feeler gauge to check the clearance between an engine rocker arm and valve stem (photo cpgnation.com)
PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS | Performing Mensuration and Instrument Calculation PERFORM MENSURATIONS AND CALCULATIONS | Select Measuring
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 3 3. Wire gauges These are precisely-sized pieces of round wire. The diameter is usually marked on the handle or holder. It measure the sparkplug gaps and other openings.
Figure 4 Measuring spark-plug gap with a wire thickness gauge 4. Micrometer This a hand-held precision measuring instrument. In English metric system, it measures thicknesses in thousandths or tenthousandths of an inch, while metric measurements are in hundreds or millimeter. There are two kinds, the inside and outside micrometer.
Figure 5 Parts of an Outside Micrometer (photo pgiinc.com) Reading the USC MICROMETER The English metric system or inch micrometer reads in thousandths of an inch. Some read in ten-thousandths. To read the micrometer, look at both the revolution line and the thimble position. Every revolution of the thimble moves it exactly one marking on the revolution line. Each marking means twenty-five thousandths (0.025) of an inch. The markings on the thimble run from 0-24. There are 25 markings on the thimble. When the thimble is turned enough for its
PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS | Performing Mensuration and Calculation PERFORM MENSURATIONS AND CALCULATIONS | Select Measuring Instrument
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 3 next mark to align with the revolution line, the spindle has moved 0.001 inch.
Figure 6 Sample Readings for an USC micrometer (Accuracy 0.001) 0.300 inch sleeve reading 0.013 inch thimble reading _____ 0.313 inch total measurement Reading the METRIC MICROMETER The metric micrometer reads in hundredths of a millimeter. Read directly from the revolution or reading line on the barrel, and the thimble. Millimeter marks above the reading line and half millimeter marks are below. In figure 7, the thimble is backed off to show the 10(10mm) mark on the reading line, plus one of the upper markings (1.0mm). This makes 11 mm. To this, add the thimble markings of 45 (0.45mm). The total reading is 11.45mm. One complete revolution of the thimble moves it along the reading line 0.50mm.
Figure 7 - Sample Readings for Metric Micrometer (Accuracy 0.01mm) 5.5 mm sleeve reading 0.28 mm thimble reading _____ 5.78 mm total measurement
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 3 5. Vernier Caliper The can take both inside and outside measurements. These may be in either thousandths of an inch or hundredths of a millimeter.
Figure 8 Parts of a Vernier Caliper
Figure 9 Measuring the outside diameter using vernier caliper
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Figure 9 Measuring the inside diameter using vernier caliper
Figure 10 Measuring depth of holes using depth gauge of vernier caliper Reading a Vernier Caliper Take reading from the beam of the caliper and then add the reading on the vernier scale. One graduation on the vernier scale will match a mark on the beam, except in the case, the zeros at each of the vernier will match marks on the beam.
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Sample Readings (Accuracy 0.001) 1.
B Beam Vernier
0.500 0.000
======== Reading 0.500 2.
Beam Vernier
0.250 0.005
======== Reading 0.255
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 3 Sample Readings (Accuracy 1/20mm)
Beam Vernier
55.0mm 00.0mm
======== Reading 55.0mm
2.
Beam Vernier
64.0mm 0.5mm
======== Reading 64.5mm
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 3 6. Dial indicators It has a dial face and a needle to register measurements. The needle moves in relation to movement of a movable arm or plunger. As the plunger moves, the needle shows the distance or variation. The reading may be in thousandths of an inch or hundredths of a millimeter.
Figure 11 Dial Indicator
Figure 11 how to use a dial indicator photo courtesy of mxzxrevzone.com

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7. Plastigage Is a plastic material available in strips of various diameters used to measure the clearance in crankshaft main bearings and connecting rod bearings, and in some camshaft bearings.
Topic 2.
Electric and Electronic Testing Measuring Instrument
1. Compression tester This is used to test the compression pressure of the individual cylinders by inserting the compression tester in place of the spark plug.
Figure 12 Engine Compression Tester (photo how-to-guides.net) 2. Vacuum Gauge This is used to track down troubles in an engine that does not run as well as it should. It measures intake manifold vacuum. Vacuum gauge connected to measure the vacuum in the engine intake manifold.
Figure 13 Engine Vacuum Gauge (photo autospeed.com)

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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 3 3. Voltmeter This is a device for measuring the potential difference of voltages between two points such as the terminals of battery alternator or two points in an electric circuit.
Figure 14 Voltmeter (photo o-digital.com) 4. Ohmmeter This is an instrument used to measure the electrical resistance.
Figure 15 Ohmmeter
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5. Hydrometer Is a device used to measure the specific gravity of battery electrolyte to determine the state of charge.
Figure 16 Hydrometer
Figure 17 - Measuring the specific gravity of electrolyte in a battery cell with a float type hydrometer. The higher the float stem sticks out of the electrolyte, the higher the state of charge of the cell (photo cdxetextbook.com)
Figure 17 Table in determining the correct specific gravity reading as temperature changes
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Table 1 Table in interpreting the hydrometer reading 6. Timing light This is used in setting a perfect timing for the spark plug to give off electric spark during combustion in the ignition system. The timing light flashes every time the number 1 spark plug fires
Figure 18 timing light (photo harborfreight.com)
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 3 7. Engine Analyzer Is a testing equipment used to find out common engine troubles, be they mechanical or electrical.
Figure 19 Engine Analyzer (photo diseno-art.com) 8. Oscilloscope Is used for diagnosing ignition and other electrical problems.
Figure 20 Oscilloscope photo courtesy of en.wikipedia.org 9. Dynamometer used by big service shops in checking engine power performance. 10. Tachometer this is a device for measuring engine speed or revolutions per minute (rpm)
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Self-Check No. 1 Identify what is being asked in the following sentences. Write your answers on a separate sheet. ________ 1. It measures the electrical resistance ________ 2. Used in setting a perfect timing for the spark plug to give electric spark during combustion in the ignition system. _________3. A device for measuring engine speed or revolution per minute. _________4. Used to measure the specific gravity of battery electrolyte to determine the state of battery charge. _________5. A device for measuring the potential difference of voltages between two points such as the terminals of battery alternator or two points in an electric circuit. _________6. Used for diagnosing ignition and other electrical problems. ________ 7. Used to test the compression pressure of the individual cylinders, ________ 8. Used to track down troubles in an engine that does not run as well as it should. _________9. A plastic material available in strips of various diameter. _________ 10. Strips and blades of metal of various thicknesses. _________ 11. It has a dial face and a needle to register measurements _________ 12. Precisely-sized pieces of round wire. _________ 13. The simplest tool used for measuring linear distances. _________ 14. A hand held precision measuring instrument. _________ 15. A device that can take both inside and outside measurements
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Learning Outcome # 2. Carry-out measurement and calculation Accuracy in the measurement and calculation should be performed in every engine part. The measurements of engine parts are up to thousandths of an inch or of a millimeter so precise measuring tools must be used. Assessment Criteria: 1. Measuring tools are selected in line with job requirements. 2. Accurate measurements are obtained in accordance with the job requirements. 3. Calculation needed to complete work facts are performed using the four fundamental operations. 4. Calculations involving fraction, percentage numbers are used to complete tasks. and mixed
5. Numerical computation is self-checked and corrected for accuracy. 6. Instruments are read to the limit of accuracy of the tools. Definition of Terms: Accurate capable of providing information in accordance with accepted standards.
Calculation the process of working out the answer to mathematical problem or step in this process Cylinder Diameter Electrolyte a chamber in an internal-combustion engine or a pump within which a piston moves back and forth is the distance from one point in the circumference of a circle to another point passing through its center. is a solution inside a storage battery that reacts with the battery plates to produce electric current. Battery electrolyte is also known as sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is a volume of space which is lower than the atmospheric pressure. is the amount of a three dimensional form surrounded by a predetermined limit
PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS | Performing Mensuration Calculation PERFORM MENSURATIONS AND CALCULATIONS | Carry Outand Measurement
Vacuum Volume
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INFORMATION SHEET No. 1 Kinds of Measurement Topic 1. Metric System
Metric System, a decimal system of physical units based on a unit of length known as the meter. Introduced and adopted by law in France in the 1790s, majority of countries in the world subsequently adopted the metric system as a common system of weights and measures. Scientists in all countries use the metric system in their work. Using Metric System The metric system is known for its simplicity. All units of measurement in the metric system are based on decimals that is, units that increase or decrease by multiples of ten. A series of Greek decimal prefixes is used to express units of ten or greater; a similar series of Latin decimal prefixes is used to express fractions. For example: Deca Hecto Kilo Mega Giga deci centi mili micro nano pico 10 100 1000 1,000,000 1,000,000,000 0.1 0.01 0.001 0.0001 0.00001 0.000001
The simplicity of the metric system is evident in how easily one unit of measure can be easily changed into another. To change units in the metric system, simply move the decimal point to the right or the left, depending on whether the unit of measurement is increasing or decreasing by ten or one hundred. Length One way to visualize a meter is to think of the distance from the floor to the top of a doorknob, or the distance from the edge of an adults shoulder to the end of the opposite outstretched arm. Smaller things are measured in centimeters and millimeters. A millimeter is quite small, about the thickness of ten sheets of pad paper. A
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 3 centimeter is ten times bigger, about the height of one pad of sheet of papers. Millimeters are primarily used to measure very small items such as letters in a book, while centimeters are used to measure items ranging from the size of a book to the height of a person. 10mm=1 centimeter (cm) 10cm= 1 decimeter (dm) 10dm= 1meter (m) 1000m= 1 kilometer (km) Volume Small volumes, like the contents of a drinking glass, are measured in cubic centimeters, and large volumes such as the contents of industrial fuel tanks, are measured in liters. A liter is 1,000 cubic centimeters, also known as 1,000 milliliters. A normalsized drinking glass contains about 300 milliliters. 1 kiloliter (kL)=1000 liters=100,000 centiliters (cL) 1000 cc=1000 milliliters (mL) Weight The basic unit of weight in the metric system is called a gram, and it is equal to the weight of one cubic centimeter of water. Following the regular pattern of metric naming, it is called one kilogram. One thousand grams of water occupy a volume of 1,000 cubic centimeters or one liter. Very heavy objects are weighed in tons of 1,000 kilograms each. One thousand kilograms is equal to one metric ton. Many other metric units exist, such as those for measuring area, pressure, and energy. 1kilogram (kg)=1000g=100,000 centigrams (cg)
Topic 2.
UNITED STATES CUSTOMARY (USC)
Using the USC System When making small measurements in the USC System, you deal with small fractions of an inch. For example, , 1/8, 1/16, 1/32 and 1/64. Many automotive measurements are in thousandths and
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 3 sometimes ten-thousandths of an inch. For example 1/64 inch is 0.0156 inch. A bearing clearance may be 0.002 inch (two thousandths of an inch). Length 12 inches= 1 foot 3ft= 1 yard or 36 inches 1760 yards= 1 mile, or 5280 feet, or 63,360 inches Volume 16 fluid ounces (fl oz)= 1 pint(pt) 2 pints= 1 quart (qt) 4 quartz= 1 gallon (gal Weight 16 ounces (oz)= 1 found (lb) 2000 pounds= 1 ton
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 3 Self-Check No. 1 A. Identify the following: Write your answers on a separate sheet. ___________ 1. It is a decimal system of physical units of length. ___________ 2. It refers to the measurement used to measure long distances within cities or between cities. ___________ 3. It refers to the Greek word for meter which means measure. ___________ 4. It is the measurement used for volumes. ___________ 5. It refers to the basic unit of length in the metric system.
B. Match Column A with Column B. Write the letter of your answer on the space provided before each number. ____1. deca ____2. pico ____3. one billion ____4. USC system ____5. hector a. one hundred b. inches, feet, miles c. giga d. one- trillionth e. ten f. one-thousandth
C. Convert the following: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 3 ft to inches 64 fl. oz. to pint 3 tons to ounces 4 ft to inches 3 quarts to fl. oz.
PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS | Performing Mensuration and Calculation PERFORM MENSURATIONS AND CALCULATIONS | Carry Out Measurement
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 3 OPERATION SHEET No. 1 Proper Usage of Measuring Instruments. Supplies and materials: measuring instruments objects or component to be measured or mock-up bond paper pen starting motor battery bolt
Tools and Equipment: Steel rub Feeler gauge Micrometer Vernier caliper Ohmmeter Voltmeter Battery Mock-up
Procedures: The teacher will demonstrate first the procedure. A. USING STEEL RULE: Given object: Bolt: Measure the bolt length
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 3 B. USING FEELER GAUGE Given object: Measure the clearance between rocker arm and valve stem.
C. USING MICROMETER Given object: VALVES-Measure the diameter of the valve stem
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 3 D. USING VERNIER CALIPER Given Object: Starting Motor: Measure the outside diameter of commutator
E. USING VOLTMETER TESTING GROUND-CIRCUIT RESISTANCE: Measuring voltage drop through the positive battery cable and ground circuit
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F. USING OHMMETER PRIMARY WINDING and SECONDARY WINDING RESISTANCE TEST: Check the resistance of ignition coil
A. Primary winding resistance test
B. Secondary winding resistance test
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Performance Assessment using Rubrics Performance Criteria The students demonstrate correct procedures The students demonstrate 5 6 correct procedures The students demonstrated 3-4 correct procedures The students demonstrated 2 correct procedures The students demonstrated 1 correct procedure The students did not perform Score 10 8 6 4 2 0
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Learning Outcome # 3. Maintain measuring instrument Introduction: Precision tools are quite expensive and delicate that must be maintained correctly to prolong its service life. Aside from this, the accuracy of its measurement can be maintained. Assessment Criteria: 1. Measuring instruments are kept free from corrosion 2. Extra care in measuring instruments is undertaken to avoid damage 3. Measuring instrument is cleaned before and after using.
Definition of Terms Vernier Caliper Micrometer can take both inside and outside measurements. a hand-held precision measuring instrument
PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS | Performing Mensuration and Instrument Calculation PERFORM MENSURATIONS AND CALCULATIONS | Maintain Measuring
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INFORMATION SHEET No. 1 Proper Care of Measuring Instruments Good measuring instruments will last long if properly cared for. When abused, they quickly lose their accuracy. To maintain accuracy, proper storage is necessary. Tools should always be wiped clean before storage. Preferably, tools should be stored in individual cases. When in use, measuring tools should never be placed on or under other objects. It is best to lay them on a firm surface, such as a nearby bench top or stand where they are readily accessible for use. Care of the Rule The steel rule is precision-made and, like all tools, it must be given quality care. Here are a few suggestions: 1. Keep the rule out of machinery. Using it to clean metal chips that form on the cutting tool will not only ruin the rule, but will be dangerous to the user. 2. Avoid laying other tools on the rule. 3. Wipe it with an oily cloth before storage to avoid rust. 4. Occasionally clean it with fine steel wool to keep the graduations legible. 5. Make it a practice to make measurements and tool setting from the 1 in. line (10mm line on metric rules), or other major graduations, rather than from the end of the rule. 6. Store the rule separately. Do not throw it in a drawer with other tools. 7. Use the rule with care so the ends do not become nicked or worn. 8. Use the correct rule for the job being done. 9. Coat the tool with wax or a rust preventative if the rule is to be stored for a prolonged period. 10. Avoid using steel rule in loosening or tightening screws or in opening paint cans. Care of Vernier Tools Reasonable care in handling these expensive tools will ensure their accuracy. The following are the ways that it can be done. 1. Wipe them with a soft lint-free cloth before using. This will prevent dirt and grit from being ground in that destroy the accuracy of the tool.
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 4 2. Store the tool in the case designed to hold it. 3. Never apply excessive force to the vernier caliper when making measurements. 4. Use a magnifying glass or jewelers lope to make Vernier readings. Hold the tool so the light is reflected on the scale. 5. Hold the tool as little as possible. Sweat and body acids cause rapid rusting and staining. 6. Periodically check for accuracy. Use a measuring standard, Jo block, or ground parallel. 7. Wipe the tool with a lightly oiled, soft cloth after use and before storage. Return the tool to the manufacturer for adjustment and repair. Care of Micrometer Micrometers must be handled with care or their accuracy will be destroyed. The following techniques are recommended: 1. Place carefully the micrometer on the object to be measured so the faces of the anvil and spindle will not be damaged. The same applies when removing the tool after measurement has been made. 2. Keep the micrometer clean. Wipe it with a slightly oiled cloth to prevent rust and tarnish. A drop of light oil on the screw thread will keep it operating smoothly. 3. Avoid springing micrometers not fitted with a ratchet stop or friction thimble by applying too much pressure when making a measurement. 4. Clean the spindle and anvil faces before use. This can be done with a soft cloth or by LIGHTLY closing the jaws on a clean piece of paper and drawing the paper out. 5. Check for accuracy by closing the spindle gently on the anvil and note whether the zero line on the thimble coincides with the zero on the sleeve. If they are not aligned, make adjustments by following the manufacturers recommendations for this operation. 6. Avoid placing a micrometer where it may fall on the floor, neither place other tools on it. 7. If the micrometer must be opened or closed a considerable distance to make a measurement, roll the thimble on the palm of your hand. Avoid twirling the frame as this can damage the tool. 8. Clean and oil a micrometer if it is to be stored for some time. If possible, place the tool in a small box for protection.
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Self-Check No.1 True or False: Write the word true if the statement is correct and false if it is wrong. Write your answers on a separate sheet. 1. Check the vernier caliper periodically for accuracy. 2. Place a micrometer together with other tools. 3. Use steel rub to open paint can. 4. Avoid laying other tool on the rule. 5. Measuring tools should be stored in individual cases. 6. Clean and oil a micrometer after use and before storage. 7. Leave the measuring tools on the workbench after using it. 8. Place the steel rule near the moving machinery. 9. Clean the spindle and anvil face of the micrometer before use. 10. Use magnifying glass to make vernier ready.
PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS | Performing Mensuration andInstrument Calculation PERFORM MENSURATIONS AND CALCULATIONS | Maintain Measuring
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Program/Course Unit of Competency Module
AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING Apply Appropriate Sealant and Adhesive Applying Appropriate Sealant and Adhesive
This module contains information and suggested learning activities on Applying Appropriate Sealant/Adhesive. It includes instructions and procedure on Applying appropriate sealant/adhesive. Completion of this module will help you better understand the succeeding module Use and Application of Lubricant/Coolant. This module consists of four learning outcomes. Each learning outcome contains learning activities supported by instruction sheets. Before you perform the instructions, read the information sheets and answer the self-check and activities provided to ascertain to yourself and your instructor that you have acquired the knowledge necessary to perform the skill portion of the particular learning outcome. Upon completing this module, report to your teacher for assessment of your achievement of knowledge and skills requirements of this module. If you pass the assessment, you will be given a certificate of completion. SUMMARY OF LEARNING OUTCOMES: Upon completion of the module, you should be able to: LO1. identify appropriate sealant and adhesive; LO2. prepare surface for sealant and adhesive; LO3. apply sealant and adhesive; and LO4. store and dispose of sealant and adhesive
PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS | APPLY APPROPRIATE SEALANT / ADHESIVE
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 4 Pre-Test A. Select the best answer that corresponds to the statement. 1. Referred to as one-part sealants and are supplied ready for use as packed. a. Curing sealant b. Pliable sealant c. Drying sealant d. All of the above 2. Set and cure by evaporation of solvent a. Curing sealant b. Pliable sealant c. Drying sealant d. Aerobic sealant 3. Catalyst-cured sealants have an advantage over drying sealants because they are transformed from fluid or semifluid state into solid by chemical reaction rather than by evaporation of a solvent. a. Drying sealant b. Curing sealant c. Aerobic sealant d. Pliable sealant 4. Glass, stone, wood and metals are types of _________. a. Sealants b. Adhesive c. Epoxy d. Surface materials 5. It is used to create an impenetration barrier to gas or moisture. a. Sealant b. Adhesive c. Urethane d. Epoxy 6. A product which used as bond between two different or similar materials. a. Sealants b. Adhesives c. Urethane d. Epoxy 7. It is added and mixed just prior to sealant application. a. Chemical catalyst b. Adhesive c. Epoxy d. Urethane
PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS Applying Appropriate Sealant and Adhesive APPLY| APPROPRIATE SEALANT / ADHESIVE
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 4 8. Supplies that are known for their hardness and are used with more substances. a. Epoxies b. Urethanes c. Sealants d. Adhesives 9. Supplies used for flexible materials in high impact applications. a. Epoxy b. Urethanes c. Sealants d. Adhesive 10. Once the sealant has been applied, the parts must be a. Joint b. Torque c. Rivets d. All of the above B. Read the statement carefully and fill in the blanks with the correct answer. 1. To remove the excess sealant and adhesive use ____________. 2. After removing the excess sealant/adhesive wipe with clean rags and ___________________. 3. Sealant/adhesive must be stored in ______________________. 4. Sealant industry has expressed a desire to move away from the use of primer adhesive system because of its __________ and _________. C. Fill in the blanks: Read the statement carefully and fill in the blanks with the correct answer. 1. Sealant should be used within ___________________. 2. Sealant should not be applied to metal that is colder than __________. 3. Before the sealant is applied, heat the metal to a temperature between ________________. 4. _________________ is the pressure filling of openings or voids. 5. The joint between two pieces of material formed by a notch and tilled projection is called ___________________. 6. Sealant should be discarded immediately when it becomes ___________. 7. Sealant should not be used for faying surface applications unless it has been removed from __________________. 8. Never use RTV sealant around high temperature and pressure, such as for_______________________. 9. On engine with an oxygen sensor, use only _____________________ that says sensor safe on the level. 10. Sealants cannot be _________ to dirty, greases, or oily surface.
PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS | Applying Appropriate Sealant and Adhesive APPLY APPROPRIATE SEALANT / ADHESIVE
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 4 Program/Course Unit of Competency Module AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING Apply Appropriate Sealant/Adhesive Applying Appropriate/Sealant
Learning Outcome # 1: Identify Appropriate Sealant and Adhesive There are various types of engine sealant and adhesives depending on the part of the engine whey they will serve their purpose. There are sealant that are resistant to heat and chemicals, while others need special process on how they have to be used. Thus, correct identification of the sealant is important to every automobile serviceman. Assessment Criteria: 1. Sealant and adhesive is selected in line with job requirement and fits manufacturers specification. 2. Sealant and adhesive checking is performed to ensure that it is the correct sealant to be used. Definition of Terms: Catalyst-cured sealants have an advantage over drying sealants because they are transformed from a fluid or semi-fluid state into solid by chemical reaction rather than by evaporation of a solvent. Drying sealants set and cure by evaporation of the solvent. Solvents are used in these sealants to provide the desired application consistency are referred to as one-part sealants and are supplied "ready for use" as packaged.
Pliable sealants
PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS | Applying Appropriate/Sealant APPLY APPROPRIATE SEALANT / ADHESIVE | Identify Appropriate Sealant/Adhesive
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 4 INFORMATION SHEET NO.1 Identify appropriate sealant and adhesive TYPES OF SEALANTS The physical conditions surrounding the seal govern the type of sealant to be used. Some sealants are exposed to extremely high or low temperatures. Other sealants contact fuels and lubricants. Therefore, it is necessary to use a sealant that has been compounded for the particular condition. Sealants are supplied in different consistencies and cure rates. Basic sealants are classified in three general categoriespliable, drying, and curing. Pliable Sealants Pliable sealants are referred to as one-part sealants and are supplied "ready for use" as packaged. They are solids and change very little during or after application. Solvent is not used with pliable sealants. Therefore, drying is not necessary. Except for normal aging, they remain virtually the same as when they were packaged. They easily adhere to metal, glass, and plastic surfaces. Pliable sealants are used around access panels and doors and in areas where pressurization cavities must be maintained. Drying Sealants Drying sealants set and cure by evaporation of the solvent. Solvents are used in these sealants to provide the desired application consistency. Consistency or hardness may change when this type of sealant dries, depending on the amount of solvent it contains. Shrinkage during the drying process is an important consideration. The degree of shrinkage also depends upon the amount of solvent it contains. Curing Sealants Catalyst-cured sealants have an advantage over drying sealants because they are transformed from a fluid or semi-fluid state into solid by chemical reaction rather than by evaporation of a solvent. A chemical catalyst or accelerator is added and mixed just prior to sealant application. Heat may be employed to speed up the curing process. When you use a catalyst, you should accurately measure and thoroughly mix the two components to ensure a complete and even cure.
APPLY APPROPRIATE SEALANT / ADHESIVE | Identify Appropriate Sealant/Adhesive
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 4 Uses of Sealant and Adhesive The adhesive and sealants include two chemically similar but functionally different groups of formulated products, adhesive and sealants. 1. Adhesive products are used to bond between two different or similar materials. 2. Sealants are used to create an impenetration barrier to gas or moisture. Types of surface materials Sealants and adhesives are used in different surface materials such as glass, stone, wood, and metals. The sealant and adhesive used in these types of materials differs from each other. The epoxy and polyurethane systems are most often used in the reactive sector. Urethanes are used with flexible materials in high impact applications, while epoxies are known for their hardness and are used with more rigid substances.
APPLY APPROPRIATE SEALANT / ADHESIVE | Identify Appropriate Sealant/Adhesive
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 4 SELF-CHECK NO. 1 Select the best answer that corresponds to the statement. 1.Referred to as one-part sealants and are supplied ready for use as packed. a. Curing sealant b. Pliable sealant c. Drying sealant d. All of the above 2. Set and cure by evaporation of solvent a. Curing sealant b. Pliable sealant c. Drying sealant d. Aerobic sealant 3. Catalyst-cured sealants have an advantage over drying sealants because they are transformed from fluid or semi fluid state into a solid by chemical reaction rather than by evaporation of a solvent. a. Drying sealant b. Curing sealant c. Aerobic sealant d. Pliable sealant 4. Glass, stone, wood and metals are types of _________. a. Sealants b. Adhesive c. Epoxy d. Surface materials 5. It is used to create an impenetration barrier to gas or moisture. a. Sealant b. Adhesive c. Urethane d. Epoxy 6. A product which used as bond between two different or similar materials. a. Sealants b. Adhesives c. Urethane d. Epoxy 7. It is added and mixed just prior to sealant application. a. Chemical catalyst b. Adhesive c. Epoxy d. Urethane
APPLY APPROPRIATE SEALANT / ADHESIVE |Identify Appropriate Sealant/Adhesive
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 4 8. Supplies that are known for their hardness and are used with more substances. a. Epoxies b. Urethanes c. Sealants d. Adhesives 9. Supplies used for flexible materials in high impact applications. a. Epoxy b. Urethanes c. Sealants d. Adhesive 10 Once the sealant has been applied, the parts must be a. Joint b. Torque c. Rivets d. All of the above
APPLY APPROPRIATE SEALANT / ADHESIVE | identify Appropriate Sealant/Adhesive
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 4 Program/Course: Unit of Competency: Module Title: Learning Outcome 2: Automotive Servicing APPLY APPROPRIATE SEALANT and ADHESIVE Applying Appropriate Sealant and Adhesive Prepare surface for sealant and adhesive
Before the application of the sealant or adhesive, correct procedure in surface preparation must be performed to attain the maximum adhesion of the sealant or adhesive. Oil, dirt, moist and other foreign matters destroy the adhesion property of the sealant. ASSESSMENT CRITERIA: 1. Surface materials are identified as per construction 2. Surface is cleared and free from moisture, dust and other foreign matters to ensure maximum adhesive or seal Definition of Terms: Catalyst-cured sealants have an advantage over drying sealants because they are transformed from a fluid or semi-fluid state into solid by chemical reaction rather than by evaporation of a solvent. Drying sealants set and cure by evaporation of the solvent. Solvents are used in these sealants to provide the desired application consistency are referred to as one-part sealants and are supplied "ready for use" as packaged.
Pliable sealants
APPLY APPROPRIATE SEALANT / ADHESIVE | prepare surface for Sealant/Adhesive
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OPERATION SHEET NO.1 Preparing surface for sealant and adhesive. Title: Prepare surface for sealant and adhesive Objective: Follow instruction in preparing surface for sealant and adhesive Tools and Materials: Procedure: 1. Prepare tools and materials. 2. Clean surface with scraper, steel brush, and cleaning solvent. 3. Wipe with a clean rag and dry well. Rags Sand paper Cleaning solvent Scraper Steel Brush
Figure 1 cleaning engine parts
Ensure that surface is cleared and free of moisture, dust and other foreign matters to ensure maximum effectiveness of adhesive and sealant. Remember these safety measures: 1. Always wear safety goggles, gloves and an apron to keep clean and stay protected. 2. Be careful in using high pressure steam washers. High pressure cleaning solution can cause serious damage to engine electrical system such as the wiring harness and the electronic devices. 3. Be careful of the sharp edges of the engine parts.
APPLY APPROPRIATE SEALANT / ADHESIVE | identify Appropriate Sealant/Adhesive
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PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT LO 2: Preparing surface for sealant and adhesive. WORKMANSHIP/PERFORMANCE A. QUALITY OF WORK WITH APPLICATION OF SAFETY MEASURES 35 - EXEMPLARY 25 - ADEQUATE 10 - NEEDS IMPROVEMENT B. ACCURARY OF PERFORMANCE UNDER SPECIFIED TIME LIMIT 30 - ALL WORK IS COMPLETE AND CORRECT 20 - MINOR MISTAKE OR ERROR 10 - SOME OF THE WORK MAYBE INCOMPLETE/MISDIRECTED C. PROPER USE OF TOOLS and EQUIPMENT WITH SAFETY MEASURES 35 SELECT or USE PROPERLY OF TOOLS and EQUIPMENT 25 - WRONG HANDLING OF TOOLS 10 - TOOLS ARE NOT SUITABLE FOR THE JOB TOTAL SCORES POINTS
APPLY APPROPRIATE SEALANT / ADHESIVE | Prepare Surface Sealant/Adhesive
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 4 INFORMATION SHEET NO.1 Preparing Surface for sealant and Adhesive Identifying health hazards associate in handling sealant and adhesive Physical Hardening Adhesives components are primarily polymers and resins. It is converted into liquid from through heating or dissolving its components before it can be used. The dried adhesive like this biologically unhazardous. Organic solvents are adhesives that the polymers and resins are liquefied with the use or biological diluents. The potential hazard in this kind of adhesives is determined by its flammability, and possible skin irritation problems. And since, this is a high volatile solvent, the exposure of the body through inhaling vapor is the utmost concern of the user. Water based adhesive has no potential health danger to the users. However, it is very subtle to the outbreak of mold formation that is why extra care must be observed in using this type of adhesive. Heat curing adhesives has potential risk of burns to the users. Anaerobic sealant contains small amount of acid and acrylic monomers which is hazardous in a prolong contact with the skin especially with open wounds. It is suggested to use safety gloves and goggles when using this type of sealant. Proper Storage and disposal of sealant and adhesive. Storing sealants and adhesive should be in a no smoking areas because of the fumes emitted by the sealants. All flammable adhesives should be kept in a tight container and be stored in a cool and dry conditions with a reasonable temperature between 5 to 30 degrees centigrade. In opening sealed adhesive, containers should be opened slowly to prevent abrupt release of flammable fumes. Hazards related with the material properties of adhesives such as combustibility, volatility, likely to explode and burns and the chemical effects such as poisonous, irritation of the skin, acid burns and allergies should be avoided. Hazards like these can be avoided if proper care and correct usage of sealant and adhesives are observed religiously. Aside from these, the correct workplace ventilation is also a factor as well as the wearing of personal protective equipment.
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Figure 2-Hand Gloves
Figure 3 face shield
Figure 4-Eye Shield
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 4 SELF-CHECK NO. 1 Read the statement carefully and fill in the blanks with the correct answer. 1. To remove the excess sealant and adhesive use _____________. 2. After removing the excess sealant and adhesive wipe the surface with clean rag and ___________________. 3. Sealant and adhesive must be stored in ______________________. 4. Sealant industry has expressed a desire to move away from the use of primer adhesive system because of its __________ and _________.
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 4 Program/Course: Unit of Competency: Module Title: Automotive Servicing APPLY APPROPRIATE SEALANT and ADHESIVE Applying Appropriate Sealant and Adhesive
Learning Outcome 3: Apply Sealant and Adhesive Evenly Correct procedures in applying sealant must be observed to protect the engine from possible damage. It is also to protect the person using it. Wrong procedure in applying sealant can block the engine holes which serve as the passage of both the coolant and the lubricant. If this happen it may result to overheating and may possibly damage engine moving parts. Misuse of adhesive can also create serious injury to the workers because it could contain chemicals which are hazardous to human health. ASSESSMENT CRITERIA: 1. Sealant and adhesive is applied evenly on the surface in line with manufacturers specification. 2. Excess sealant and adhesive is removed by sanding or scrapping. 3. Tools and equipment used to apply sealant and adhesive are appropriate to job requirements. 4. Safety is observed and Personal Protective Equipment is worn in accordance with industry Standard Operating Procedure. 5. Hazards associated with the use of sealant and adhesive are identified
APPLY APPROPRIATE SEALANT / ADHESIVE | Apply Sealant/Adhesive evenly
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 4 INFORMATION SHEET NO. 1 Procedures in applying sealant and adhesive Various applications of sealants vary according to time, tools required, and methods. The following are the restrictions in sealant applications: 1. Sealant should be used within the application time limits specified by the sealant manufacturer. 2. Sealant should be discarded immediately when it becomes too stiff to apply. Stiff or partially cured sealant will not wet the surface to which it is to be applied as fresh material and, consequently, will not have satisfactory adhesion. 3. Sealant should not be applied to metal with temperature below 70 degrees Fahrenheit. Better adhesion is obtained if the surface temperature is over 80 degrees Fahrenheit. 4. Sealant should not be used for laying surface application unless it has just been removed from refrigerated storage or freshly mixed. Proper use of tools Injection sealing is the pressure filling of openings or voids with a sealant injection gun. Joggles should be filled by forcing sealant into the opening until it emerges from the opposite side. Voids and cavities are filled by starting with the nozzle of the sealant injection gun at the bottom of the space and filling as the nozzle is withdrawn. For your information, joggle is a joint between two pieces of material formed by notch and a fitted projection. Safety measures in applying sealant and adhesive Room Temperature Vulcanizing (RTV) sealant can be used on surface that flexes or vibrates slightly, such as the engine valve cover. Never use RTV sealant around high temperature and pressure, like head gaskets. The mating surface must be thoroughly cleaned before RTV or anaerobic sealant is applied. Sealants cannot be used on dirty, grease, or oily surfaces. On engine with an oxygen sensor, use only RTV sealant that says sensor safe on the level. Fumes from some RTV sealant can damage the oxygen sensor. This may cause excessive exhaust emissions and poor fuel economy. 106
Identify health hazards associated in handling sealant and adhesive A. Hygiene the possible accidental intake of adhesives and sealants should be evaded and the eating or storing food and drinks should not be allowed near the area where adhesives are used or stored. There are adhesives that release powder substance or poisonous fumes that endanger the person if accidentally inhaled. Suitable protective device should be used in these occurrences. It is also advised to use hand protection to minimize the skin contact of the adhesive to the workers. Eye protection is also necessary to protect the eyes. B. Allergies fumes and powdered substances from the adhesives could also contain allergic substances. Complete avoidance of physical contact and exposure from the adhesives and sealants are the best remedy to this problem.
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 4 Self-Check No. 1 Read the statement carefully and fill the blanks with the correct answer. 1. Sealant should be used within ___________________. 2. Sealant should not be applied to metal that is colder than __________. 3. Before the sealant is applied, the metal warmed to a temperature between ________________. 4. _________________ is the pressure filling of openings or voids. 5. The joint between two pieces of material formed by a notch and tilled projection is called ___________________. 6. Sealant should be discarded immediately when it becomes ___________. 7. Sealant should not be used for faying surface applications unless it has been removed from __________________. 8. Never use RTV sealant around high temperature and pressure, such as for_______________________. 9. On engine with an oxygen sensor, use only _____________________ that says sensor safe on the level. 10.Sealants cannot be _________ to dirty, greases, or oily surface.
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 4 OPERATION SHEET NO.1 Apply sealant and adhesive evenly Title: Procedure in applying sealant and adhesive Materials, Tools and Equipment: Procedure: Applying sealant and adhesive 1. 2. 3. 4. Prepare tools and materials Clean surface with steel brush and sandpaper. Wipe surface with rags and cleaning solvent. Apply sealant and adhesive evenly. Sealant and adhesive Rags Sand paper Cleaning solvent Scraper Steel Brush
Figure 5-Applying Sealant
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ASSESSMENT of PERFORMANCE
LO 3: Apply Sealant and Adhesive evenly
POINTS
WORKMANSHIP/PERFORMANCE A. QUALITY OF WORK WITH APPLICATION OF SAFETY MEASURES 35 35 - EXEMPLARY 25 - ADEQUATE 10 - NEEDS IMPROVEMENT B. ACCURARY OF PERFORMANCE UNDER SPECIFIED TIME LIMIT 30 30 - ALL WORK IS COMPLETE AND CORRECT 20 - MINOR MISTAKE OR ERROR 10 - SOME OF THE WORK MAYBE INCOMPLETE/MISDIRECTED C. PROPER USE OF TOOLS and EQUIPMENT WITH SAFETY MEASURES 35 35 SELECT or USE PROPERLY OF TOOLS and EQUIPMENT 25 - WRONG HANDLING OF TOOLS 10 - TOOLS ARE NOT SUITABLE FOR THE JOB TOTAL SCORES 100
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OPERATION SHEET NO.2 Apply sealant and Adhesive evenly Title: Removing of excess sealant and adhesive Objective: Follow instructions in removing excess sealant and adhesive Materials, Tools and Equipment: Procedure: Removing excess sealant and adhesive 1. Prepare tools for scraping. 2. Scrape excess sealant and adhesive by the use of scraper or spatula. 3. Wipe with rags with cleaning solvent for final clean up. Sealant and adhesive Rags Sand paper Cleaning solvent Scraper Steel Brush
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ASSESSMENT OF PERFORMANCE LO 3: Apply Adhesive and Sealant evenly POINTS
WORKMANSHIP OR PERFORMANCE A. QUALITY OF WORK WITH APPLICATION OF SAFETY MEASURES 35 35 - EXEMPLARY 25 - ADEQUATE 10 - NEEDS IMPROVEMENT B. ACCURARY OF PERFORMANCE UNDER SPECIFIED TIME LIMIT 30 30 - ALL WORK IS COMPLETE AND CORRECT 20 - MINOR MISTAKE OR ERROR 10 - SOME OF THE WORK MAYBE INCOMPLETE/MISDIRECTED C. PROPER USE OF TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT WITH SAFETY MEASURES 35 35 SELECT ANDUSE PROPERLY OF TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT 25 - WRONG HANDLING OF TOOLS 10 - TOOLS ARE NOT SUITABLE FOR THE JOB TOTAL SCORES 100
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 4 Program/Course: Unit of Competency: Module Title: Automotive Servicing APPLY APPROPRIATE SEALANT AND ADHESIVE Applying Appropriate Sealant and Adhesive
Learning Outcome 4: Store and Dispose Sealant and Adhesive Excess or unused sealant can be stored for future use. Disposing of unused sealant and adhesive must be done following the standard operating procedures so as not to harm the environment since sealants and adhesives contains hazardous chemicals that can destroy living organism. ASSESSMENT CRITERIA: 1. Sealant and adhesive is stored based in prescribed procedure 2. Waste is disposed following standard operating procedures Definition of Terms Aerosol Flammable is a liquid compressed with air in a tin can that sprays tiny mist of particles when opened. are materials or liquid that can easily catch fire such as paper, wood, rubber, solvents, gasoline and oil. accidental loss or scattering of liquid or any substance on the floor that could cause injury to any person in case of accidental slippage.
Spillage
APPLY APPROPRIATE SEALANT / ADHESIVE | Store/Dispose Sealant/Adhesive
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 4 INFORMATION SHEET NO.1 Store and Dispose of Sealant and Adhesive SPILLAGE and WASTE DISPOSAL Spillages of any type should be attended to immediately. Waterbased products can be washed away with water before they dry, provided it is permissible to discharge this type of effluent into the drain. An alternative method is to soak the spillage with an inert material, and place in a closed container for disposal. This technique is particularly appropriate for solvent-based adhesives using sand, clay or powdered limestone as absorbent material. Care should be taken in the disposal of containers for solventbased adhesives in order to avoid latent explosion fire. The empty containers could be punctured carefully or left open to ensure that no solvent vapor is trapped under pressure. Take the usual precautions concerning flammable materials. Aerosol packages are pressurized and must not be punctured unless all internal pressure has been relieved. STORAGE Storing of adhesives and sealants should be constrained to 'NO SMOKING' places since even for non-flammable adhesives there is a danger that flammable fumes can be emitted and through chemical change, it could be transformed into poisonous gas when exposed to heat. Combustible adhesives should be kept in appropriate incombustible areas in accordance to the laws on safety in the workplace.
APPLY APPROPRIATE SEALANT / ADHESIVE | Store/Dispose Sealant/Adhesive
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 5 Program/Course: Unit of Competency: Module Title: INTRODUCTION: This module contains information and suggested learning activities on using and applying lubricants and coolants. It includes instructions and procedure on how to identify types of lubricants and coolants, use and apply lubricants and coolants and perform housekeeping services. Completion of this module will help you understand the succeeding module on Move and Position Vehicle. This module consists of thre learning outcomes. Each learning outcome contains learning activities with instruction sheets. Before you follow the instruction, read the information sheets and answer the self-check and activities provided to assess your competence by your teacher. He/she will check if you have acquired the knowledge necessary to perform the skill portion of the particular learning outcome. Upon completing this module, report to your teacher for assessment. If you pass the assessment, you will be given a certificate of completion. SUMMARY OF LEARNING OUTCOMES Upon completion of the module, you should be able to: LO1. identify types of lubricants and coolants; LO2. use and apply lubricants and coolants; and LO3. perform housekeeping activities. AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC 1 Use and Apply Lubricants and Coolants Using and Applying Lubricants and Coolants
PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS | Using and Applying Lubricants and Coolants USE AND APPLY LUBRICANT AND COOLANT
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 5 Pre-Test A. Complete the following statements: 1. _________ the inside of the engine by removing contaminants. 2. _________ shocks between moving parts to quite engine operative and increase engine life. 3. _________ transfer heat and cool engine parts. 4. _________ power loss and increases fuel economy. 5. _________ friction and wear between moving parts. B. Answer the following questions: 1. What are the two types of lubricants available in the market today? 2. What is viscosity? 3. What are the characteristics of a good grease?
C. Encircle the letter of the correct answer. 1. Which of the following statements are correct? a. Oil becomes thicker when warm b. Oil becomes thicker when cold c. Oil with high viscosity provides easy starting and good lubrication when cold. d. All of the above 2. An oil marked SAE10W/40 means that. . . a. the oil can be used in cold and hot climate b. the oil is to be used only in cold climate c. the oil is a mixture of SAE 10W and SAE 40 d. both b and c 3. Which SAE grade would you recommend for an engine with high oil consumption? a. SAE 10W b. SAE 20W c. SAE 20 d. SAE 40 4. SAE grade means a. the viscosity b. the quality of the oil c. the relative thickness of the oil d. the API classification of the oil 5. Which of the following statements have a lower viscosity? a. Oil with high viscosity provides easy starting and good lubrication when cold b. SAE 20 c. SAE 40 d. All of the above
PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS | Using and Applying Lubricants Coolants USE AND APPLY LUBRICANT AND and COOLANT
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 5 D. Direction: Identify the following as to what specific S it belongs _________1. _________2. _________3. _________4. _________5. _________6. _________7. Prevent misoperation Standardize good practice Make work easy by eliminating Prevent loss and waste of time Ensure first-come-first-serve basis Keep work place safe and conducive to work Provide no chance of being disturbed with unnecessary items _________8. Make work flow smooth and easy _________9. Easy to find and pickup necessary items _________10. Prevent accumulation of necessary items
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 5 Program/Course: Unit of Competency: Module Title: Automotive Servicing Use and Application of Lubricant Using and Applying Lubricants and Coolant
Learning Outcome 1. Identify types of lubricants and coolants Introduction: Friction is present everywhere. We cannot stand, we cannot walk, and we cannot hold even our food if there is no friction. However, friction in some instances is not needed. When friction is present in two moving parts, it produces heat and destroys the moving parts. In this case, a lubricant must be used to minimize friction, like in moving parts of an engine. ASSESSMENT CRITERIA: 1. Correct information on lubrication schedule is assessed and interpreted from appropriate manufacturers specification. 2. Type and quantity of lubricant/coolant are identified as per job requirement.
Viscosity Lubricant Synthetic oil Petroleum
The resistance of the liquid from flowing. a material capable of reducing friction when applied between moving parts. an artificial oil that is manufactured, and not a natural mineral oil made from petroleum. an oily flammable liquid obtained from ground well drilled in the and refined into gasoline, fuel oils, and other products.
USE AND APPLY LUBRICANT AND COOLANT | Identify Types of Lubricants/Coolant
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 5 Information Sheet No. 1 Importance of Lubricants and Coolant Lubrication is the process of limiting the effect of friction between two moving parts with the use of a lubricant. A lubricant may be either liquid or in paste. It is applied manually or forced feed to the moving parts. Friction is present everywhere. When you hold a glass of water, there is a friction between your hand and the glass. Without friction, the glass will slip of from your hands. You cannot stand up, walk, jog or run without the friction between the sole of your shoes and the ground. You cannot stop the moving car without the friction between the wheel and the road and between the brake drum and the brake shoes. It means that friction is very useful in our day-to-day activity. However, there are also instances that friction is a hindrance. You can hardly open your door, the gate and windows of your house if there is too much friction in their hinges. That is why we need to minimize friction. Minimizing friction is best done with the use of a lubricant. A lubricant minimizes the contact of two moving parts by creating a thin film of lubricant that minimizes friction. Importance of Lubricants and Coolants Engine lubricating system delivers lubricating oil through forced feed process to all engine moving parts. Without a lubrication system, friction between parts would quickly destroy an engine. Many of the engine parts would rapidly overheat and score from this friction. Engine bearings, piston rings, cylinder walls and other components could be ruined. Engine oil as a lubricant does several tasks inside the engine. 1. Decrease friction and wear between moving parts. As the engine operates, engine parts rubbed each other thus produces heat due to friction. Lubricating oil is forced feed in between these parts and creates a thin film that insulates each of these parts that prevent a direct contact of the moving parts which result to decreasing of friction between moving parts.
Figure 1 a thin film of oil form a seal between two moving surfaces
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 5 2. Transfer of heat to help engine cooling. Friction is always going with heat. If the engine moving parts are rubbing each other, heat is produced. As oil circulates in all engine moving parts, aside from minimizing the friction based heat, oil also absorbs heat thus helps engine cooling. 3. Maintains the engine cleanliness by removing engine contaminants such as metal, dirt, plastic, rubber, and other particles. As it moves around the engine, the oil cleans the engine by absorbing the particles of carbon and other waste material inside the engine and transporting them to the crankcase and filtered by the oil filter, the larger particles falls to the oil pan. 4. Lubricating oil helps in attaining a gas tight seal between the piston and cylinder wall. The lubricating oil that is sent to the cylinder walls helps form a gas tight seal that must be maintained all the time with the piston rings. Filling in any microscopic clearances between rings and the cylinder wall is a great help in maintaining the gas tight seal of the piston and the cylinder wall. The oil film also lubricates the piston rings and piston so that it can move freely along the cylinder walls. 5. Receive metal blow to lessen the engine noise. Pressure inside the cylinder increases radically as the piston reaches the top dead center of the compression stroke and as the fuel is ignited. The increased pressure forces the piston downward the connecting rod, connecting rod bearing, the piston pin and the piston pin bearing. The gap between the bearings and journals is filled with a film of oil. This film of oil absorbs the increased shock and reduces the effect of shock to the adjacent metal surfaces. The cushion effect of the oil helps reduces noise and reduces wear of parts.
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Figure 2 shows how the lubricating oil flows inside the engine (photo britanica.com)
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 5 Self-Check 1 Complete the following: 1. _________ the inside of the engine by removing contaminants. 2. _________ shocks between moving parts to quite engine operative and increase engine life. 3. _________ transfer heat and cool engine parts. 4. _________ power loss and increases fuel economy. 5. _________ friction and wear between moving parts.
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 5 INFORMATION SHEET No. 2 Types of Lubricants At present, there are two types of lubricants available in the market for use in automobile engines. First, the lubricant extracted from crude oil and the other one is artificially made lubricant. Most of the lubricants used in the automobile industry come from the extract of crude oil, an earths natural resources. Today, motor oil is mostly composed of hydrocarbon, an organic compound composed mainly of hydrogen and carbon and some other elements such as nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur. Synthetic oil is a lubricant made of chemical compounds artificially produced from compounds other than those from the crude oil. It is used to substitute lubricants from crude oil. Some automobile manufacturers recommend synthetic oil because of its chemical properties that are greater than the lubricants from crude oil. VISCOSITY Viscosity is the measure of the liquid to resist flow. Viscosity is the thickness of the liquid. The lower the viscosity, the faster the fluid flows; the higher the viscosity, the slower the liquid flows. The engine needs correct viscosity of oil to effectively protect engine moving parts from wear. Lubricant with lower viscosity has a lesser ability to stay in the engine moving parts. If the oil is too thick, its flow inside the engine will be slower than the usual. Both situation will result to rapid wear of the engine moving parts. Viscosity of oil is also affected by temperature. It is thin in hot temperature and it is thick in cold temperature. POWER TRAIN AND RUNNING GEARS OIL Most gear oil is mineral oil refined from crude oil. Some gear oil is manufactured or synthetic oil. Chemical additives are mixed with gear oil to improve its load-carrying capacity. The gear oil used in many cars and trucks is relatively thick and has a viscosity ranging from SAE 75W to SAE 140. Multi-grade gear oils like SAE 75W-90, are also used. However, some manufacturers specify synchromesh transmission fluid (STP) for manual transmissions and transaxles. 123
[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 5 GREASE This is a fluid like mineral oil (made from petroleum) thickened with an agent that makes it semi-solid. The thickening agent is a metallic soap or non-soap substance like clay. Soaps commonly used are lithium, calcium, sodium, aluminum and barium. Each of these alone or a combination of them gives the grease its characteristics. Aluminum gives the grease good adhesion. Sodium gives the grease a thick, fibrous appearance. A good grease must have consistency, stability, oxidation, resistance, ability to protect against friction, wear and corrosion, and feed ability. It should have the ability to flow through dispensing equipment such as wheel bearing, universal joint, ball joint, and chassis fittings.
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SELF-CHECK Answer the following questions: 1. What are the two types of lubricants available in the market today? 2. What is viscosity? 3. What are the characteristics of a good grease?
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 5 INFORMATION SHEET No. 3 OIL VISCOSITY The grading system for oil was developed by the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), a professional organization if those engage in mobility engineering in automobile, aerospace and mobile engineering. The grading of the oil is based on their defined viscosity characteristics. SAE grading starts from 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 up to more than 100. A suffix W in the oil rating stands for winter or the cold start viscosity. Oil with W rating is used during winter season in countries with winter. Single graded oil viscosity is rated as SAE 20, SAE 30, SAE 40 and SAE 50. The higher the viscosity rating, the thicker the oil. In extreme temperature change, the viscosity difference of single grade oil is too large. To close the difference, oil manufacturers created multiple viscosity oil by adding special additives to the oil. Viscosity index improvers (VII) is added to enhance the capability of the oil in extreme changes in temperature. Multiple viscosity oil has an improved viscosity-index. It has better reaction to temperature. Its viscosity remains in hot or cold weather. Oil with a viscosity rating of SAE 10W 40 means its viscosity during cold weather is 10W and during hot weather, the viscosity of oil is SAE 40. Some automakers recommend a multigrade oil to suit various driving conditions of a vehicle. The American Petroleum Institute (API), a traders association for the oil and natural gas industry, place a minimum performance standard for the lubricants. API has designated two general classification of oil according to the type of engine combustion. S type which is derived from the word service is designed to be used in spark ignition engines. These are passenger vehicles and light trucks using gasoline engines. C type, which is derived from the word commercial is designed to be used in compression ignition engines. These are engines used in trucks, buses, utility vehicles and machineries. If expected temperature is 0 degree Celsius -18 degrees Celsius Below 18 degrees Celsius Typical Oil Viscosity to be used 5W-20, 5W-30, 10W-30, 10W-40, 20W-50 5W-20, 5W-30, 10W-30, 10W-40 5W-20, 5W-30
Table 1 Typical Oil Viscosity in response to temperature Source: American Petroleum Institute
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 5 API service Rating of Oil for Gasoline Engines Category Status Service For all automotive engines currently in use. SM Current Introduced in 2004, SM oils are designed to provide improved oxidation resistance, improved deposit protection, better wear protection, and better low-temperature performance over the life of the oil. SL Current For 2004 and older automobile SJ Current For 2001 and older automobile SA - SH Obsolete For 1996 and older cars. Some categories are not anymore available in the market. Table 2 Service Rating of Oil for Gas Engines Source: American Petroleum Institute Notice that this is an open-end series. When the car manufacturers and oil producers see the need for other types of oil, they can bring out SG and SH service-rated oils. SA and SB oils are not recommended for use in automobile engine. These are nondetergent oils. Detergent oils are required in modern automotive engines. API Service Rating of Oil for Diesel Engines Category Status Service Introduced in 2006. For high-speed, four-stroke CJ - 4 Current engines designed to meet 2007 model year onhighway exhaust emission standards. Introduced in 2002. For high-speed, four-stroke CI-4 Current engines designed to meet 2004 exhaust emission standards implemented in 2002. Introduced in 1998. For high-speed, four-stroke CH-4 Current engines designed to meet 1998 exhaust emission standards. Introduced in 1995. For severe duty, highCG-4 Current speed, four-stroke engines using fuel with less than 0.5% weight sulfur. CF-4 Obsolete Introduced in 1990. For high-speed, four-stroke, naturally aspirated and turbocharged engines. Can be used in place of CD and CE oils. CF-2 Current Introduced in 1994. For severe duty, two-strokecycle engines. Can be used in place of CD-II oils. CF Current Introduced in 1994. For off-road, indirectinjected and other diesel engines including those using fuel with over 0.5% weight of sulfur. CA-CE Obsolete Introduced in 1985 and older cars. Some of which are not anymore available in the market.
Table 3 Service Rating of Oil for Diesel Engines Source: American Petroleum Institute
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 5 Diesel-engine oils must have different properties than oils for gasoline engines. The CA, CB, CC, and CD ratings indicate ample, CA oil is for light-duty service. CD oil is for severe-duty service typical of turbocharged high-output diesel engines operating on fuel oil with high sulfur content. Oil for use in automotive diesel engines should be marked SF/CC or SF/CD. We have a wide range of oil viscosity from very thin oil, SAE 5W up to thick SAE 50 oil. Every SAE grade represents an oil suitable for use within a special range of temperature and for certain types of engine as follows: A. Oils within the viscosity grades SAE 5W, 10W and 20W are suitable for use in climates with temperatures ranging from very low to moderate. B. SAE 20 and SAE 30 are suitable for use in moderate to hot climates. C. SAE 40 and SAE 50 are mostly for use in old engines designed for thick oil or in badly worn engines with high oil consumption. However, many engines are operated in climates where the temperature varies considerably from season to season. D. It is always preferable for any engine to run on low viscosity oil during the starting period when the engine is cold, on high viscosity oil when the engine is hot and fully loaded. E. For practical reason, it is not possible to use a low viscosity oil for starting and then change to an oil of higher viscosity when the engine is already running. Oils are available with a very wide viscosity range, for example, 10W/50, which can be used in any climate. It is also an advantage for the engine when SAE 10W/50 is used because it enables that cold engine to start on a thin (10W) and when hot, on a sufficiently thick oil (SAE 50). A general technical designation for oils has been accepted as follows: A. Single grade oil which only covers one SAE grade (e.g. SAE 30) B. Double grade oil which covers two consecutive SAE grades (e.g. SAE 20W/30). C. Multigrade oil which covers three SAE grades (e.g. SAE 20W/30).
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 5 D. Super multigrade oil which covers more than three SAE grades (e.g. SAE 15/50). The Coolant flow When the engine operates, the water pump which is operated by the drive belt connected to the engine pulley, draws water from the radiator lower tank and pushes in to the engine water jackets. The coolant flows from the lower part of the crankcase passing through the outer part of the cylinder and to the engine cylinder head. These parts of the engine are the most heated part during combustion. As it passes through the outlet port, it will pass through a thermostat, the bypass valve that works with the engine temperature. When the engine still does not reach the normal engine operating temperature, the thermostat closes the exit port of the coolant and diverts the flow of the coolant to the engine again. As soon as the engine reaches its operating temperature, the thermostat opens and let the coolant flows out of the engine and send it to the radiator to dissipates the heat absorb inside the engine. The coolant as it goes out of the engines enters the radiator upper tank and goes down to the lower tank passing through the radiator tubes with attached fins. As the coolant flows down the tubes, the coolant transfers the heat to the tubes and to the fins that transfers the heat to the passing air around the fins. The passing air is drawn by the engine fan which is attached to the end part of the water pump. As it reaches the bottom tank of the radiator, the heat of the coolant lessen by almost 60 percent. With this temperature, the coolant is again ready to enter and flow around the engine to again absorb heat. This is repeated cycle until the engine stops its operation.
Figure 6 the coolant flow photo courtesy of samarins.com

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Chemical Composition of Coolant and Additives Coolant is added with some additives to improve its cooling property. Likewise, additives lessen the formation of rust inside the engine and lessen also the freezing of the coolant during cold weather. This will help lessen the hard starting of the engine due to low temperature. To further improve the efficiency of the coolant, other additives are mixed with the coolant such as: A. Deterioration Inhibitors are chemicals added to the coolant to slow down the corrosion rate of the metal of alloy. Some corrosion inhibitors are hexamine, phenylenediamine, dimethylethanolamine, sodium nitrite, and cinnamaldehyde. B. Anti Freeze is a cryoprotectant of the engine. Cryoprotectant is a substance that protects from freezing. Antifreeze is added to the coolant to prevent the coolant from freezing during cold climates. Antifreeze is made from Methanol, the simplest form of alcohol. Some are made from ethylene glycol also called as the permanent antifreeze since it has also a higher boiling point and as well as lower freezing point.
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 5 WRITTEN TEST Encircle the letter of the correct answer. 1. Which of the following statements are correct? a. Oil becomes thicker when warm b. Oil becomes thicker when cold c. Oil with high viscosity provides easy starting and good lubrication when cold. d. All of the above 2. An oil marked SAE10W/40 means that a. the oil can be used in cold and hot climate b. the oil is to be used only in cold climates c. the oil is a mixture of SAE 10W and SAE 40 d. both b and c 3. Which SAE grade would you recommend for an engine with high oil consumption? a. SAE 10W b. SAE 20W c. SAE 20 d. SAE 40 4. SAE grade means a. the viscosity b. the quality of the oil c. the relative thickness of the oil d. the API classification of the oil 5. Which of the following statements have a lower viscosity? a. Oil with high viscosity provides easy starting and good lubrication when cold b. SAE 20 c. SAE 40 d. All of the above
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 5 Program/Course: Unit of Competency: Module Title: Automotive Servicing USE AND APPLICATION OF LUBRICANT and COOLANT Using and Applying Lubricants and Coolant
Learning Outcome 2. Use and Apply Lubricants Applying correct lubricant must be performed and observed religiously. The life span of an automobile is dependent on application of correct lubricant. ASSESSMENT CRITERIA: 1. Correct procedure in changing lubricant is identified following manufacturers specification or manual 2. Correct tools and equipment are selected and used in line with job requirements 3. Existing lubricants are removed and replaced with specified type and quantity of new materials in line with manufacturers specifications 4. Safety procedure and use of PPE are observed when removing or replacing lubricant 5. Used lubricants are disposed in accordance with environmental guidelines 6. Work is checked in line with company SOP. Definition of Terms Viscosity Lubricant Synthetic oil Petroleum The resistance of the liquid from flowing. a material capable of reducing friction when applied between moving parts. an artificial oil that is manufactured, and not a natural mineral oil made from petroleum. an oily flammable liquid obtained from ground well and refined into gasoline, fuel oils, and other products.
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 5 OPERATION SHEET No. 1 Correct Procedures in changing or applying lubricants Supplies and Materials used oil can engine oil oil filter Tools box wrench filter wrench PPE Manual Ignition key
Equipment Vehicle Battery PROCEDURE: In changing, have the right amount of oil needed by the engine, the correct type or grade of oil and also the correct type of oil filter. 1. Park the vehicle on a flat or even surface. Run the engine for several minutes (at least 5 minutes) then turn off. Be sure that the engine is operated in a well-ventilated place because engine emits poisonous exhaust gasses.
Figure 3 - Car lifted using safety stand (photo of http://www.bmcno.org)
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 5 2. Lift the car using a car lift or car jack. Always use the safety stands and let the weight of the vehicle to stand at the floor stand when using floor jacks. If using car lifts, be sure that the safety locks is used before going under the car. However, there are some cars that need no lifting because it has already enough space between the floor and the car body. 3. Loosen the drain plug but do not remove. 4. Place drain pan under the plug and remove the drain plug with your fingers. Make sure that the drain pain can hold the amount of oil that will flow out.
Figure 4 oil drain pan (photo chainautotools.com)
5. After the oil has been drained, return the drain plug making sure that its gasket is at place and at normal condition. 6. Tighten the plug just the right tightness. 7. Using the oil filter wrench, just loosen the oil filter. Place the drain pan under the oil pan and remove the oil filter. Let the oil from the oil filter drain.
Figure 5 Oil Filter Wrench (Photo toolsreview.net)
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 5 8. Check the gasket of the oil filter. 9. Clean the oil filter mount to be sure that it is free from sludge or other dirt. 10. Check the new filter and compare it with the old one. Be sure that the old and new are the same specially the thread and the gaskets.
Figure 6 Checking of oil filter (photo http://z.about.com)
11. Cover the gasket with new oil and fill the filter with oil. 12. Install the new filter with your bare hands only. 13. Remove the oil filler cap and place the fresh oil with correct amount and the type and grade of oil based on the car manufacturers manual. Placing wrong amount of oil or type or grade of oil will affect the lubricating process of the engine. 14. Remove car from lift or safety stand and run the engine. Observe the oil pressure from the control panel and check also for leaks. 15. If there are leaks immediately stop the engine and locate for its cause of leaks and repair it. 16. Run again the engine for several minutes and recheck the oil level.
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 5 SAFETY MEASURES IN HANDLING LUBRICANTS Lubricants that are not properly handled can be contaminated with dirt, water and other fluids, reducing their usability and the equipment and possibly cause equipment failure. Proper oil storage is the first step to preventing contamination. Oil should be stored in closed containers that keep airborne particulates and moisture out. According to Jim Morrison, field technician of Petro-Canada America Lubricants, Inc., that it can be a costly mistake to store oil in open containers or allow drums to be partially open to air. Air is extremely dirty, therefore, you must never allow oil to get exposed to it, he says. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS IN APPLYING LUBRICANTS Wear eye protection at all times when in the shop area. Oil and filter change require that the vehicle be safely raised and supported. If using safety stands or ramps to support the vehicle, block also any wheels remaining on the ground. This is to prevent the vehicle from moving backwards. Be cautious around hot surfaces such as exhaust manifolds, pipes, and mufflers. Hot oil draining from the oil pan or oil filter can cause burns and skin irritation. Always refer to the vehicle manufacturers shop manual for specific procedures.
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PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT
LO 2: Use and apply lubricants and coolants scoring rubrics WORKMANSHIP or PERFORMANCE A. QUALITY OF WORK WITH APPLICATION OF SAFETY MEASURES 35 - EXEMPLARY 25 - ADEQUATE 10 - NEEDS IMPROVEMENT B. ACCURARY OF PERFORMANCE UNDER SPECIFIED TIME LIMIT 30 - ALL WORK IS COMPLETE AND CORRECT 20 - MINOR MISTAKE OR ERROR 10 - SOME OF THE WORK MAYBE INCOMPLETE/MISDIRECTED C. PROPER USE OF TOOLS and EQUIPMENT WITH SAFETY MEASURES 35 SELECT or USE PROPERLY OF TOOLS and EQUIPMENT 25 - WRONG HANDLING OF TOOLS 10 - TOOLS ARE NOT SUITABLE FOR THE JOB TOTAL SCORES
POINTS
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Program/Course: Unit of Competency: Module Title:
Automotive Servicing USE AND APPLICATION OF LUBRICANT and COOLANT Using and Applying Lubricants and Coolant
Learning Outcome 3. Perform Housekeeping Services Housekeeping practices must be performed in every automotive laboratory shop. In this lesson, special attention is given to housekeeping specially involving lubricants and coolant that are hazardous when handled incorrectly. ASSESSMENT CRITERIA: 1. Tools, equipment and materials are properly stored as per companys SOP. 2. Workplace is free from waste materials. Is the process of maintaining the laboratory shop to maintain the safe working condition. a workplace organization method which originates in Japan and named in Japanese words that describes how to organize the laboratory shop to be more active and well-organized. the state of being safe from any harm or accidents.
Housekeeping 5s
Safety
PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS | Using and Applying Lubricants and Coolant USE AND APPLY LUBRICANT AND COOLANT | Perform Housekeeping Services
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 5 INFORMATION SHEET No. 1 HOUSEKEEPING PROCEDURES (5-S) Housekeeping activities are part of every laboratory shop. The 5s housekeeping procedures named in Japanese Words were already discussed in earlier modules but for the sake of review; here are again the 5s of good housekeeping. 1. SEIRI ( SORT ) Remove unnecessary items and dispose them properly Make work easy by eliminating obstacles Provide no chance to be disturbed by unnecessary objects Prevent accumulation of unnecessary materials. 2. SEITON (SYSTEMATIZE) Arrange necessary materials to access them easily. a. Prevent loss and waste of time. b. Easy to find and pick up necessary items c. Ensure first-come-first served basis. d. Make work flow smooth and easy. 3. SEISO (SWEEP) Clean your workplace completely a. Easy to check abnormality b. Prevent machinery and equipment from deterioration. c. Keep workplace safe and easy to work 4. SEIKETSU (STANDARDIZE) Maintain high standards of housekeeping and workplace organization at all times a. Maintain cleanliness and orderliness b. Prevent mismanagement of operation 5. SHITSUKE (SELF-DISCIPLINE) Do things spontaneously without being told or ordered. a. Standardize good practice What is the importance of good housekeeping? Good housekeeping elliminates some workplace hazards and help the workers do their job done safely sound and accurately. Improper housekeeping can often contribute to accidents. Housekeeping does not only mean cleanliness. It also includes neatness, orderliness and removing all materials and objects that pose danger or hazard. Housekeeping also means to the correct layout of the workplace, safe markings such as aisle, stairs etc., adequate
USE AND APPLY LUBRICANT AND COOLANT | Perform Housekeeping Services
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 5 storage facilities for tools, materials and equipment and safety storage facility for hazardous materials. What is the rationale of good housekeeping? Improper housekeeping can be a reason for tripping over loose objects in the workplace. It could also result to knocking our because of the falling objects. Slippery, dirty or wet workplace can also be prevented as well as accidental cuts and wounds due to scattered sharp objects. What 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. are the benefits of good housekeeping practices? Less accidents Good workplace environment Lower exposure to hazards Better control of materials Efficient equipment and workplace maintenance Efficient workplace structure.
ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS Segregation and Secondary Containment 1. Separate acidic chemicals from basic chemicals according to pH. 2. Separate oxidizers from organic chemicals and inorganic reducing agents. (Remember the Fire Triangle heat, fuel, oxygen) 3. Separate water reactive chemicals from aqueous solutions. 4. Separate chemicals with multiple hazards from all other chemicals. When transporting chemicals from one room to another, PLEASE use a chemical safety bucket. Here are the general rules to observe: 1. Provide all employees a locally written information guide on Workplace Hazardous Materials. If it is not available, the management is responsible for giving proper instructions. 2. Develop a positive attitude toward laboratory safety; prevention is better than a pound of cure. 3. Observe normal laboratory safety practices. 4. Practice good housekeeping. Maintain a safe, clean work environment.
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 5 5. Work hard but never in haste. 6. Follow the safety precautions provided by the manufacturer when operating instruments. 7. Monitor instruments while they are operating. 8. Avoid working alone. If you must work alone, have someone check you periodically. 9. Learn what to do in case of emergency. 10. Learn emergency first aid. 11. Seek medical attention immediately if affected by chemicals and use first aid until medical aid is available. 12. Report all accidents, particularly the management. 13. Access to emergency exits, eye-wash fountains and safety showers must not be blocked. Fountains and showers should be checked periodically for proper operation. 14. Wash hands immediately and use appropriate material for each spillage. 15. Clean up any spillage immediately. SAFETY SIGN AND SYMBOLS Safety signs and symbols are designed to give warning about hazardous materials and locations. It is usually drawn in easily recognizable pictures. It appears in different colors, backgrounds, borders that pay attention to the persons inside the shop rooms.
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 5 SELF-CHECK Identify the following as to what specific S it belongs. Refer to 5S: Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, Shitsuke. _________1. Prevent misoperation _________2. Standardize good practice _________3. Make work easy by eliminating obstacles _________4. Prevent loss and waste of time _________5. Ensure first-come-first-serve basis _________6. Keep work place safe and easy to work _________7. Provide no chance of being disturbed with unnecessary items _________8. Make work flow smooth and easy _________9. Easy to find and pick up necessary items _________10. Prevent accumulation of necessary items
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AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC 1 Move and Position Vehicle Moving and Positioning Vehicle
This module contains information and suggested learning activities on moving and positioning vehicle. It includes instructions and procedure on how to prepare vehicle for driving and move and position vehicle. Completion of this module will help you understand the succeeding module on preparing vehicle for driving and moving and positioning vehicle. This module consists of four learning outcomes. Each learning outcome contains learning activities with instruction sheets. Before you follow the instruction, read the information sheets and answer the self-check and activities provided to assess your competence by your teacher. He/she will check if you have acquired the knowledge necessary to perform the skill portion of the particular learning outcome. Upon completing this module, report to your teacher for assessment. If you pass the assessment, you will be given a certificate of completion. SUMMARY OF LEARNING OUTCOMES Upon completion of the module, you should be able to: LO1. prepare the vehicle for driving LO2. move and Position vehicle LO3. Check the vehicle
MOVE AND POSITION VEHICLE
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 6 Pre-Test Write the word true if the statement is correct and false if it is wrong. _________1. Cell phone or car phone users are perceived to be poor drivers and considered as risks. _________2. If another motorist tries to initiate a fight, just dont mind him/her _________3. Chase any reckless driver. _________4. Accelerate your engine to show that youre not angry. _________5. Display bumper stickers slogan or vanity license plates. _________6. Being patient is necessary in driving. _________7. Obscene and offensive gestures irritate other drivers. _________8. Driving is a talent which requires the application of good techniques. _________9. One moral obligation of a defensive driver is to protect herself/himself only. _________10. Some drivers tend to display another or negative personality once they are at the drivers seat. Choose the correct answer of the following questions from the choices given. Write the letter that corresponds to your answer on the blank provided. ______ 1. What is used to engage and disengage the gears of the transmission? a. brake b. clutch c. mirror _______ 2. What are the three uses of clutch? a. stepping, stopping, shifting b. braking, stepping, shifting c. starting, stopping, shifting _______ 3. What kind of break is used for emergency stopping or parking a. foot brake b. hand brake c. gas brake _______ 4. What does half braking mean? a. making the brake bite b. stopping completely c. slowing _______ 5. What foot should be used on the pedal for the clutch? a. left b. right c. left and right _______ 6. What is the alternative means to use if the light signals are not functioning? a. horn b. pedal c. hand _______ 7. What mirror is used to glance at the back for the car to check if you are free to overtake and when driving backwards, garage parking and backing? a. left side mirror b. right side mirror c. rearview mirror
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 6 _______ 8. How will you execute the hand signal if you will be going to make a left turn? a. the left hand points upward outside the vehicle b. the left hand points downward outside the vehicle c. extending the left hand straight (sideways) outside the vehicle _______ 9. Where can you usually see the No Blowing of Horns signs? a. hospital and churches only b. schools only c. all of the above. _______ 10. What is used mainly for increasing and decreasing the speed of the car? a. clutch pedal b. brake pedal c. gas pedal
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 6 Program/Course: Unit of Competency: Module Title: Automotive Servicing Move and Position Vehicle Moving and Positioning Vehicle
Learning Outcome 1: Prepare vehicle for driving. Before driving, Check the vehicle must be performed to check for its functionality for the safety of the passengers, cargo and the pedestrian. Thousands of people dies every year due to vehicular accidents so preventive measures should be performed to avoid the loss of life as well as property. Assessment Criteria Safety measures in driving the vehicle Engine system checkup procedures Tire inflation pressure specification Belt tension checking procedures Drivers code of conduct Definition of Terms Brake Fluid specially blended hydraulic fluid that transfers pressure to the wheel cylinders. SAE Society Automotive Engineers PPE Personal Protective Equipment PSI Pound Square Inch Manual Transmission a transmission that has a manually operated shifting of gears by the driver. Brake Pedal acts as a lever arm to increase the force applied to the master cylinder piston. Pedestrian are persons on the road travelling on foot either they are walking or running. Ignition Switch the key operated main power switch that opens and closes the circuit that supplies current to the ignition and other electrical systems. Automatic Transmission a transmission that shifts its gears automatically. BLOWAF Brake, Light, Oil, Water, Air and Fuel DEFENSE DRIVING driving technique which protect lives, time, money in spite of the road condition and the driving habit of other drivers.
MOVE AND POSITION VEHICLE | Prepare Vehicle for Driving
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 6 Operation Sheet No.1 LO1: Prepare vehicle for driving Supplies and Materials Tools Ignition key Wheel chock Manual Tire pressure gauge Gasoline Engine oil Gear oil Brake fluid Water
Equipment Vehicle Battery
Procedures: What should be check? Before entering the car? 1. Surrounding Area See if there are children playing nearby. Each year about 200 children under the age of six are killed while playing in the family driveway. Look for animals that may be hiding under or walking or sleeping near the car. Look for objects in the area of the car and on the roadway that may interfere with safe movement or damage the tires. Check under the car for fresh stains that could be indications of fluid leaks.
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 6 2. Wheels
Figure 1 Checking tire pressure photo courtesy of automechanics.wordpress.com Check for under inflated tires and for tire wear or damage. Note which way your front wheels are turned. This is the direction in which your car will go soon as it begins moving.
2. Car Body Check for damaged or missing parts and that all lights and windows are clean and undamaged.
windows windshield rear view mirror light doors
Figure 2 the arrows indicates the parts of the car body to be check
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Proper opening and closing of doors and windows 1. Doors Operation from outside the vehicle The front doors can be locked and unlocked from outside with key. To lock, simply turn the key counter clockwise. To unlock, turn the key clockwise. Operation from inside the vehicle Each door has a lock tab. To lock, push the tab down. To unlock, pull it up. Pull the inside handle toward you to open the door. Locking of doors when getting out of the car: Drivers door Close the door Use key to lock the door. Passengers Door Push the lock tab down Gently close the door Power Door Locks All doors lock or unlock simultaneously when the drivers door is locked or unlocked, either from the inside with the use of the lock tab or from the outside using the key. 2. Windows Manual Windows Control To close, turn the window glass control counter clockwise To open, turn the window glass control clockwise Power Windows Control The power windows can only be operated when the ignition switch is ON position. To prevent battery to run down, operate the windows only when the engine is running. Drivers Switches The drivers switches can be used to operate all door windows. A window can be opened or closed by operating the corresponding switch. To open, press the switch down. To close, simply lift the switch.
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 6 C. What is the right sitting position? 1. The driver should not be too close nor too far from the steering wheel, so will that in case of sudden stop, the drivers chest not slam on the steering wheel. The distance of the chest from the steering wheel will depend on the length of the hands; the wrists must rest on top of the steering wheel when the driver extends his hands forward. 2. The left knee should not touch the steering wheel when releasing the clutch pedal. 3. Headrest must be at level with the ear. It can help protect the driver from whiplash and other injuries. For the best protection, adjust the top of the restraint so it is even with the top of the ears, or as high as possible. To raise the headrest, pull upward. To lower the restraint, press the release button and push the restraint down. 4. The proper way of adjusting the seat is to put one hand on top of the steering wheel, while the other is on the adjusting lever, or vice versa. 5. Adjusting levers A. Front Seat Adjust the seat forward or backward Pull up the lever under the seat at its front edge. Move the seat to the desired position and release the lever. Try to move the seat to make sure it is locked. B. Back Rest Seat Change the angle of the back rest depending on your desired comfortability. Pull up the lever on the side of the seat bottom. Move the back rest to the desired position and release the lever. Let the back rest latch in the new position. C. Seat Height Adjust the seat upward or downwards. Turn the dial on the outside of the seat cushion to change the height.
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 6 D. Proper way of adjusting mirrors Manual 1. Side Mirrors Move the lever control to adjust your mirror to either left or right, up or down. 2. Rearview Mirror Flip the tab at the bottom edge of the mirror, adjusting to the light or darkness of light. 3. Side Mirrors Turn on the ignition switch. Move the selector switch to L (left side) or R (right side) Push the appropriate edge of the adjustment switch to move the mirror right or left, up or down. When you finish adjusting the switch, move the selector switch to the center or to off position.When adjusting the side mirrors, the view should be 10% to the body of the vehicle and 90% outside. E. PROPER USE OF SEAT BELT 1. Pull the latch plate across your body and insert it into the buckle. Tug on the belt to make sure the latch is securely locked. 2. Check that the belt is not twisted. 3. Position the lap portion of the belt as low as possible across your hips, not across your stomach. This lets your strong pelvic bones take the force of a crash. 4. Pull up the shoulder part of the belt to remove any slack. Make sure the belt goes over your collarbone and across your chest. 5. To unlatch the seat belt, push the red PRESS button on the buckle. Guide the belt across your body to the door pillar Some cars are equipped with warning devices, e.g. one that makes sounds, light flashes on the panel board when you are not wearing seat belt. Before you leave the vehicle, make sure that the seat belt is out of the way and will not get tangled when you close the doors
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ASSESSMENT PERFORMANCE LO 1. Prepare vehicle for driving scoring rubric Workmanship or Performance A. Checking BLOWAF based on vehicle manufacturers standard 60% About 95-100% of the BLOWAF is properly checked and performed Only 75% of the BLOWAF is properly checked are performed Only 50% of the BLOWAF is checked are performed 60 50 40 Points
B. Proper use of tools/equipment safely 40% About 95-100% of the tools used for the job are suitable with safety measures observed 75% of the tools used are suitable for the job with safety practice Tools are not suitable for the job and without safely measures 40 30 20
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INFORMATION SHEET No. 1 Safety measures in driving vehicle What is defensive driving? Defensive driving is a driving technique which protects lives, time, money in spite of the road condition and the driving habit of other drivers. Being a defensive driver makes one adjust to the different kind of situations that may be encountered on the road, thus keeping one safe while driving. A. Demonstration of an attitude, awareness, and driving skill. 1. Attitude a. Patience b. Personality change c. Understanding the risk and responsibilities 2. Awareness a. Knowing and complying with the traffic rules and regulations b. Driving concentration c. Alert reflexes 3. Driving skill a. Good knowledge of the operation of the vehicle and its controls B. Proper attitude must always be practiced. 1. Patience is the number one virtue in driving. Sometimes patience is tested by other road users. The tendency to get irritated or angry is inevitable. Dont allow it to happen. 2. Personality change in driving. People tend to change their personality once they are at the drivers seat. 3. Understanding the risk and responsibilities in driving is important. Every time the driver seats in front of the steering wheel, risk is always with him. Any mistake his driving technique might result to injury. Responsibility is also part of the driving technique. The driver has a responsibility towards his passengers and cargo to deliver them safe and sound. The driver has also responsibility to other motorists as well as to the pedestrians. And, the driver has responsibility to the car he is using to maintain its maximum driving capability before using it.
PERFORM MENSURATION | Moving andVehicle Positioning Vehicle MOVE AND AND CALCULATIONS POSITION VEHICLE | Prepare for Driving
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 6 The three moral obligations of being a defensive driver are: To protect your passengers and yourself To protect pedestrians To protect other motorists
ATTITUDE The initial step to fully eliminate bad driving habits is to first recognize them. These arises from certain bad driving traits such as lack of sense of responsibility, selfishness/lack of consideration for others, lack of concern for their own or other peoples property, recklessness, an inferiority or superiority complex and an attitude of invincibility. A defensive driver must develop and demonstrate an attitude that shows concern for other road users, recognizes that other users may make mistakes, knows that no journey is so urgent that a safe speed cannot be achieved, driving is a skill which requires the application of good techniques and believes that to be a safe driver requires having an alert mind at all times. Avoid provoking behaviors: Provoking behaviors of drivers such as indecent gestures, using mobile phones while driving, putting up offensive slogans against other persons, knife wielding eye contacts with other drivers and pedestrians, aggressive tail gaiting, incessant or continuous blowing of horn, playing loud music, swerving, cursing other drivers and pedestrians, high speed idling, stopping at the middle of the road, chasing reckless drivers results to road accidents and road violence. Right Mental Attitude Right mental attitude of the driver helps him to drive safely. To attain a safe driving, the driver should follow the SIPDE rule. SIPDE means S-search the road ahead, around and the rear of vehicle I-identify hazards on the road P-predict to anticipate and prepare D-decide on what to do to avoid an unsafe situation E-execute with the correct and proper maneuver Keys to effective defensive driving Concentrate only on the task of driving. Avoid doing other things not related to driving as these may distract us.
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 6 Kinds of distractions: Avoid distractions like using cell phones, being under the influence of drugs or alcohol, smoking, chatting with other passengers, changing radio stations, playing tapes or CDs and watching movies while driving. Dont drive also if you have physiological distractions such as poor vision, hearing impairment, and other health conditions that may affect the driving condition.
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 6 SELF-CHECK No. 1 Write the word true if the statement is correct and false if it is wrong. _________1. Cell phone or car phone users are perceived to be poor drivers and considered as risks. _________2. If another motorist tries to initiate a fight, just dont mind him/her _________3. Chase any reckless driver. _________4. Revolution your engine to show that youre not angry. _________5. Display bumper stickers slogan or vanity license plates. _________6. Being patient is necessary in driving. _________7. Obscene and offensive gestures irritate other drivers. _________8. Driving is a talent which requires the application of good techniques. _________9. One moral obligation of a defensive driver is to protect herself/himself only. _________10. Some drivers tend to display another or negative personality once they are at the drivers seat.
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 6 Operation Sheet no. 2 Check-up procedures (BLOWAF) Supplies and Materials Tools Tire pressure gauge Ignition key Wheel shock Manual Engine Oil Gasoline Brake fluid Water Battery solution
Equipment Vehicle Battery
Procedures: 1. Place vehicle on flat surface and activate the parking brake.
Figure 3 activating the parking brake
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2. Put wheel chock to ensure safety, and then open the bonnet or
engine hood.
Figure 4 Setting the wheel chock
3. Check oil level. The oil level should be within the correct limit
otherwise oil must be added and the engine must undergo through diagnosis to determine the cause of low oil level.
Figure 5 Checking the oil Level
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4. Check brake fluid level. If the brake fluid level is low, add
amount of fluid up to the maximum level.
Figure 6 Checking the brake fluid level
5. Check coolant level. If the coolant level is low, add amount of

water up to the maximum level only.
Figure 6 checking coolant level
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6. Check battery (electrolyte). If the electrolyte level is below the

plates, add amount of solution up to 5mm above the plate.
Figure 7 Checking Electrolyte Level
7. Check tire pressure. If the tire is under inflated, add amount of
air in based on tire size specification (PSI). However, over inflated tire may cause damage.
Figure 8 checking tire pressure
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8. Check fuel level. Understood that empty gas tank cause engine
failure.
Figure 9 Checking Fuel Level
9. Check position of driving gear.
Figure 10 checking manual transmission shifting gear lever
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10. Check lightning devices.
Figure 11 Checking of headlight
11.
Checking side mirror position.
Figure 12 checking of side mirror

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ASSESSMENT PERFORMANCE
Workmanship or Performance A. Checking work area from obstructions before moving the vehicle 40% Work area is checked from obstruction Work area is not properly checked from the obstruction Work area is not checked from obstruction.
Points
40 35 30
B. Perform BLOWAF 60% 95-100% of the tools used for the job are suitable with safety measures observed 75% of the tools used are suitable for practice safely Tools are not suitable for the job and without safety measures 60 60 40
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Automotive Servicing NC1 Move and Positioning Vehicle Moving and Positioning Vehicle
Learning Outcome 2: Move and Position Vehicle. Introduction: Moving and positioning of the vehicle plays a vital role in automobile servicing. Placing the vehicle in the right place inside the automobile shop is one way of organizing the laboratory shop. Correct placement of the everything inside the shop contributes to the observance of the safety procedures. Assessment Criteria Select vehicle to be moved or re-positioned Vehicle is moved to the designated work area Vehicle is parked properly following safety procedures and techniques
Definition of Terms Brake Fluid specially blended hydraulic fluid that transfers pressure to the wheel cylinders. SAE Society of Automotive Engineers PSI Pound Square Inch Manual Transmission a transmission that has a manually-operated gear shifting. Brake Pedal acts as a lever arm to increase the force applied to the master cylinder piston. Pedestrian are persons within the roadways travelling on foot, either by walking or running. Persons who are also riding bicycles and other pedal operated vehicles are also considered as pedestrians. Ignition Switch the key operated main power switch that opens and closes the circuit that supplies current to the ignition and other electrical systems. Automatic Transmission a transmission that shifts its gears automatically. BLOWAF Brake, Light, Oil, Water, Air and Fuel
MOVE AND POSITION VEHICLE | Move and Position Vehicle
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 6 Information Sheet No. 1 Principles of driving and techniques Clutch is used to engage and disengage the gear/s of the transmission. The clutch is used during starting to make sure that the vehicle will not move when the engine cranks. Some latest type of vehicle integrated a safety feature installed at the clutch pedal which needs clutch pedal activation before engine can be cranked. During car stopping, clutch pedal must be activated to cut-off the flow of power from the engine to the drive wheels. If this will not happen, car braking is quite difficult and may stop the engine operation. Shifting of gears needs clutch pedal activation to allow smooth transferring of gears. An engaged gears are hard to disengage if the engine power is continuously flowing from the engine. Brake is used to slow down or completely stop the car by using your right foot to apply pressure to the brake pedal. Use of Mirrors, Signal Lights and Horn The use of mirror helps the driver monitor the blind sides of the car such as the left side, right side and the rear part of the vehicle. The left side mirror is used for left turning, overtaking and changing lanes to left, garage parking and backing. The right side mirror used for right turning, changing lanes to right, garage parking and backing and the rear view mirror is used to glance at the back for the car to check if you are free to overtake and when driving backward, garage parking and backing. However, if there are corners unseen or blind spots, you have to turn your head as far as you can, to see if there are incoming vehicles and execute a hand signal before moving. Signal light lever The signal light lever can be found at the left side of the steering wheel. Signal light is used to inform the vehicles at the back and the approaching vehicles the direction of the signaling vehicle. a. Down signal The down signal is used to give warning to the approaching vehicle if the signaling vehicle will make a left turn or will change lane. b. Up signal is used to make a right turn or in changing lanes. Giving signals must be done at least 30 meters before making a turn or changing lane for city driving and at least 90 meters for highway driving.
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 6 If the light signals are not functioning, another alternative is to use hand signals with caution. Extend the left arm sideways outside the vehicle to give a left turn signal to the incoming vehicles. Pointing the left hand downward means that the driver is either slowing down or stopping the car. If the left hand point upward means that the driver is making a right turn. Horn is a part of the vehicle that produces audible sound by pressing the horn control at the steering wheel to attract and forewarn the pedestrians and other road users. This is also used in giving warning in case of emergency or if the vehicle signaling is in emergency, however there are places were blowing of horn are prohibited such as hospitals, churches and schools. These are the areas where we can found the No Blowing of Horn signs. Gas Pedal is one of the sensitive pedals of automobile. It controls the speed and acceleration of the vehicle. Both the brake pedal and gas pedal is operated by right foot.
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 6 Self-Check No. 1 Choose the correct answer of the following questions from the choices given. Write the letter that corresponds to your answer on the blank provided. 1. What is used to engage and disengage the gears of the transmission? a. brake b. clutch c. mirror 2. What are the three uses of clutch? a. stepping, stopping, shifting b. braking, stepping, shifting c. starting, stopping, shifting 3. What kind of brake is used for emergency stopping or parking a. foot brake b. hand brake c. gas brake 4. What does half-braking means? a. making the brake bite b. stopping completely c. slowing 5. What foot should be used on the pedal for the clutch? a. left b. right c. left and right 6. What is the alternative means to use if the light signals are not functioning? a. horn b. pedal c. hand 7. What mirror is used to glance at the back of the car to check if one is free to overtake and when driving backward, garage parking and backing? a. left side mirror b. right side mirror c. rearview mirror 8. How will you execute the hand signal if you will be going to make a left turn? a. the left hand points upward outside the vehicle b. the left hand points downward outside the vehicle c. extending the left hand straight (sideways) outside the vehicle 9. Where can you usually see sign No Blowing of Horn? a. hospital and churches only b. schools only c. all of the above. 10. What is used mainly for increasing and decreasing the speed of the car? a. clutch pedal b. brake pedal c. gas pedal
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 6 Operation Sheet no. 1 Principles of driving and techniques Supplies and Materials c. d. e. f. g. Tools Ignition key Manual Book Gasoline Engine oil Gear oil Brake fluid Water
Procedure: The teacher explains and models the step-by-step procedure in moving and stopping vehicles. STARTING AND STOPPING PROCEDURE 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Put the transmission lever control to neutral position. Insert key to the ignition key hole. Disengage key hole from the lock position by moving the steering wheel and turning the key clockwise. From the lock position, turn the key clockwise-going from on then to start. Once the engine is running, release the key. If you do not release the key once the engine starts you will damage your starter. Apply brake before releasing the handbrake. Make this a habit. Press the clutch down to the floor then shift to Gear 1. Apply enough gas and maintain constant pressure. Very slowly release clutch up to its working level. (WL). Working level is the point of clutch release in which the vehicle begins to move.
6. 7. 8. 9.
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ASSESSMENT PERFORMANCE Prepare vehicle for driving scoring rubric (operation no.2) Workmanship or Performance A. Checking work area from obstructions before moving the vehicle Work area is checked from obstruction Work area is not properly checked from the obstruction Work area is not checked from obstruction. Points 40
40 25 10 60 60 30 10
B. Moving the vehicle to the designated work are Vehicle is moved properly to designated work area Vehicle is not moved properly to designated to work area Vehicle is not moved to designated work area
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] ANSWER KEY
ANSWER KEY PERFORMING SHOP MAINTENANCE
Self Check 1.1 A. 1. Soap and Water 2. Kerosene 3. Gasoline 4. Thinner 5. Dieseline B. 1. NP 2. P 3. NP 4. P 5. NP 6. Self-Check 1.2 A. a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. B. j. 4 k. 5 l. 2 m. 3 n. 1 Self-Check 1.3 A. 1.d 2.a 3.e 4.c 171 5 8 2 7 3 9 4 6 1
[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] ANSWER KEY 5.b
Self-Check 1.4 1. 2. 3. 4. c c b c
Self-Check 2.1 1.HT 2.PT 3.PT 4.HT 5.HT 6.HT 7.PT 8.PT 9.HT 10.HT 11.HT 12.PT 13.HT 14.PT 15.HT 16.PT 17.PT 18.PT 19.PT 20.PT Self-Check 2.2 II. a.3 b.1 c.4 d.2 III. a.3 b.1 c.2
Self-Check 2.3 1. True 172
[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] ANSWER KEY 2. 3. 4. 5. True False False True
Self-Check 3.1 1. 2. 3. 4. clogging public sewerage breeding growth for disease carrying insects pollution of land, water and air poor health or even death of human beings, animals and other living things
Self-Check 3.2 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. B B C B B 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. A 10. B 11. B
Self-Check 4.1 A. Maintaining an inventory of tools and equipment is important because as a technician, you cannot work completely if your tools and equipment are not properly maintained. Aside from the fact that losing or damaging tools are considered a huge hindrance in preparing your work, replacing them is more expensive than maintaining their quality and quantity. 1. To avoid losing tools and equipment 2. To serve as proof for borrowed materials and be liable for any damage or loss 3. To have an organize system in borrowing tools and equipment 4. To easily monitor the number of borrowed tools and equipment. A. A B C D E. F 4 2 6 3 1 5 173
[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] ANSWER KEY Self-Check 4.2 A. 1. To avoid losing tools and equipment 2. To serve as a proof for borrowed materials and be liable to for any damage or lose 3. To have an organized system in borrowing tools and equipment 4. To easily monitor the number of borrowed tools and equipment. B. Borrowers Receipt is used for easy monitoring of the tools and equipment borrowed from the tool room. In case of loss or damage, the tool room in charge can easily identify who borrowed the tool or equipment.
ANSWER KEY Reading , Interpreting and Applying Specification and Manual Self Check 1.1 1. A 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. D Self Check 1.2 1. A. have a built-in cabinet B. be accessible to the students C. clean, secured and safe from destruction. 2. A. Classify the manuals as to their type/kind. B. Label the manuals on the cover according to their classificatio 3. A. Teacher must have a control copy of all the manuals. B. As for the students, there must also be a chart posted where all the manuals are printed and arranged, so that students will easily locate/find the manuals they be will be going to use in servicing vehicle. C. Students must fill in the borrowers card for proper record as well as the logbook. 174
ANSWER KEY Performing Mensuration and Calculation Self Check 1 1. ohmmeter 2. timing light 3. tachometer 4. hydrometer 5. voltmeter 6. oscilloscope 7. compression tester 8. vacuum gauge 9. plastigage 10.feeler gauge 11.dial indicator 12.wire gauge 13.steel rule 14.micrometer 15.vernier caliper
ANSWER KEY (measurement) A. 1. Metric System 2. kilometers 3. metron 4. liters 5. gram B. 1. e 2. d 3. c 4. b 5. a C. 1. 36 inches 175
[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] ANSWER KEY 2. 4 pints 3. 96,000 ounces 4. 144 inches 5. 96 fluid ounces
ANSWER KEY 1. True 2. False 3. False 4. True 5. True 6. True 7. False 8. False 9. True 10.True
Answer Key Applying Appropriate Sealant/Adhesive LO 1. Multiple Choice 1. b 2. c 3. b 4. d 5. a 6. b 7. a 8. a 9. b 10.d
LO 3 Fill in the blanks 176
[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] ANSWER KEY 1. Application time 2. 700F 3. 900F 1000F 4. Injection sealing 5. Joggle 6. Too Stiff 7. Refrigerated storage 8. head gasket 9. RTV sealant 10.seal
Answer Key Applying Appropriate Lubricants and Coolants ANSWER KEY 1. Seiketsu 2. Shitsuke 3. Seiri 4. Seiton 5. Seiton 6. Seiso 7. Seiri 8. Seiri 9. Seiton 10.Seiri
ANSWER KEY: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Cleans absorbs helps cuts reduces
ANSWER KEY MOVING AND POSITIONING THE VEHICLE 177
ANSWER KEY No. 1 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. True True False False False True True False False 10. True
ANSWER KEY on Written Test 1. b 2. c 3. b 4. a 5. a 6. c 7. c 8. c 9. c 10. c
178
REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING: 2. Auto. Mechanics 10th Edition by Crouse/Anglin, Glencoe Division of Macmillian/Mc Graw-Hill School Publishing Company, USA 1993 3. Chemistry, Santos G.N. and Lebron G. B. Rex Publishing Company, Manila Philippines 4. R.A. 9003 Ecological Solid Wastes Management Manual. 5. Websites: www.tpub.com www.ari-hetra.com www.medexsupply.com www.madeinchina.com www.efunda.com www.senatu.com www.directindustry.com
PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATIONS |
179
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT It is a great privileged that this endeavor was given by the Task Force Tech-Voc, Department of Education to the following participants of the Writeshop on the Refinement and Enrichment of Competency-Based Curriculum (CBC), Contextual Learning Matrix (CLM) and Modules of Arts and Trades, It is the fervent hope of the writers that through their consolidated efforts they are able to strengthen and enrich the Vocational Education curriculum to fully prepare and equip Tech-Voc students to become locally and globally competitive in the world of work. TECHNOLOGY WRITERS: Jonathan O. Diaz TVE-Automotive-Technology Coordinator San Pedro Relocation Center National High School Langgam, San Pedro, Laguna Romeo Q. Ibloguin Sr. Teacher III E. Rodriguez Vocational High School Division of City Schools, Manila Nagtahan, Sampaloc, Manila Robert S. Domingo Teacher I AFG Bernardino Memorial Trade School Lias, Marilao, Bulacan Lino A. Olit Teacher I Community Vocational High School Masipit, Calapan City, Oriental Mindoro Arpil P. Medrano Teacher I Tanza National Trade School Paradahan I, Tanza, Cavite
180
Copyright Department of Education (TVTF) 2008 First Published May 2008. Revised November 2011 This module was prepared during the Competency-Based Learning Materials Development Workshop conducted at the Development of the Philippines (DAP) Tagaytay City on May 5-10, 2008. Revisions was made during Workshop on the Integration of Evaluation Results/Recommendations by the IMCS editors/evaluators on Tech-voc learning materials (Workshop 1) and Workshop on the Finalization and Packaging of Learning Materials (Workshop 2) held at the same venue on November 21-25 and December 5-9 respectively. Revised and Edited December 2011 JULIUS J. JARDIOLIN Head Teacher III Antonio J. Villegas Vocational High School Manila NCR DEO L. TARNATE Teacher III San Gabriel Vocational High School San Gabriel, La Union Region I JERSON G. SARSUEDA Alona Trade High School Alona Misamis Occidental Region X NELSON GERONA GSCNSSAT Gen. Santos City References: Auto. Mechanics 10th Edition by Crouse/Anglin, Glencoe Division of Macmillian/Mc Graw-Hill School Publishing Company, USA 1993 Chemistry, Santos G.N. and Lebron G. B. Rex Publishing Company, Manila Philippines 181
[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 4 http://www.graphicproducts.com www.wikipedia.org www.tpub.com www.ari-hetra.com www.medexsupply.com www.madeinchina.com www.efunda.com www.senatu.com www.directindustry.com R.A. 9003 Ecological Solid Waste Management Manual
Resources Auto. Mechanics 10th Edition by Crouse/Anglin, Glencoe Division of Macmillian/Mc Graw-Hill School Publishing Company, USA 1993 Modern Automotive Technology, By James E. Duffy et.al, GoodHeart-Wilcox Publisher, Atlanta Georgia, 1998 Manufacturers Manual of Toyota Corporation Basic Automotive Service and System by Jay Webster, Thomson Learning, 1994 Manufacturers Manual Toyota Corporation
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[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1 Program/Course Unit of Competency Module Title INTRODUCTION: This module contains information

[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1

PERFORM SHOP MAINTENANCE | Inspect/Clean tools and Shop Work Area

Cleaning Solvents a. b. c. d. e. water gasoline kerosene thinner detergent soap

Solubility in Water soluble insoluble insoluble insoluble soluble

3. Kerosene 4. Thinner 5. Soap and water

[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1

[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1

[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1

Figure 2 A properly arranged power tool shelf for easy identification.

[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1

[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1

Program/Course Unit of Competency Module Title

AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC 1 PERFORM SHOP MAINTENANCE Performing Shop Maintenance

Learning Outcome 2 Store and Arrange Tools and Shop Equipment

Tool Rack Work shop

[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1

Figure 9 rubber mallet

[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1

Figure 10-flat head screwdriver

Figure 11 Philip Screwdriver

[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1

Figure 14 the proper way of using an adjustable wrench

Figure 15 a set of socket wrench (tpub.com)

[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1

Figure 16 torque wrench (whatisthetrend.net)

Slip Joint Pliers

Channel Lock Pliers

Long Nose Pliers

Side Cutting Pliers

Lines Man Pliers

Figure 17- Various types of Gripping pliers and cutting pliers

Half Round Chisel

Diamond Point Chisel

Round Nose Chisel

c. Files are tools for cutting and shaping metal

Triangular File Figure 20-Various types of Files

[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1

Figure 21 various types of punches

e. Twist Drill a tool for making holes.

Figure 22 Parts of twist drill (picture source engineeringhut.blogspot.com)

Figure 23 electric handheld drill (photo source machsources.com)

Figure 24 parts of a drill press (photo source efunda.com)

Figure 26 Soldering Gun (photo source tpub.com)

Figure 27 Shop vacuum cleaner

Figure 28 Electric Arc welding machine

Figure 29 Air Hammer

Figure 31 Pneumatic Car Lift (photo source: qrbiz.com)

(photo source: senatorair.com.au)

Figure 32- Air Compressor

Figure 33 hydraulic table lift (photo source directindustry.com)

[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1

Figure 34 shop crane

Figure 35- Hydraulic Press

[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1

_____ D. Assign a number to each tool and this number should be

[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1

[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1

Program/Course Unit of Competency Module Title

AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC 1 PERFORM SHOP MAINTENANCE Performing Shop Maintenance

[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1

[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1

[STVEP SECOND YEAR-AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC I] Module 1