Professional Documents
Culture Documents
SUPERVISER:
Eng: TODI- EFTIMIE ALINA
ACADEMIC YEAR:
2012- 2013
CONTENTS
Memorandum of calculation
1. ESTABLISHING THE LOADINGS ON THE ELEMENTS OF THE
JACK3
2. MAIN SCREW
CALCULUS..3
2.1. Choosing the
material3
2.2.Design
calculus3
2.3. Checking the self-locking
condition4
2.4. Checking at composed
stresses5
2.5. Buckling
checking..6
3. SECONDARY SCREW
CALCULUS7
3.1. Choosing the
material7
3.2. Calculus of the number of threads of the main screw nut (located inside the
secondary screw)
7
3.3. Choosing the exterior
thread7
3.4. Checking the self-locking
condition8
3.5. Checking at composed
stresses...9
4.FIXED NUT
CALCULUS..9
4.1. Choosing the
material..9
4.2. Calculus of the number of threads
9
4.3. Checking the
neck10
4.4. Choosing the dimmension of the
nut11
4.5. Checking the nut at compound
loads..12
4.6. Checking the
coller.12
4.7. Choosing and checking the stud nut that secures the nut in the jacks body .12
5.CALCULUS OF THE
BODY.13
6.CALCULUS OF THE
CUP15
7.EFFICIENCY
CALCULUS16
8. THE METHODOLOGY OF DESIGNING A VERTICAL RATCHET
MECHANISM..17
8.1. Mechanism
sketch..17
8.2. The handle length
calculus..17
8.3. Lengthener
calculus..18
8.4. Ratchet wheel
calculus.18
8.5.Ratchet
calculus..20
9. TECHNICAL SECURITY WORK
RULES24
10.SUPPORTING STATEMENT REGARDING THE CHOICE OF THE MATERIALS,
THE BLANKS AND COSTRUCTIVE SOLUTIONS FOR THE MAIN PARTS OF THE
JACK(NUTS, BOLTS)
25
11. TEHNICAL SECURITY STANDARDS OF
WORK27
12.REFERENCES
28
Fig 1.1
2. MAIN SCREW CALCULUS
2.1. Choosing the material
It is chosen OLC 50 STAS 500/2
2.2. Design calculus
Load calculation Qc , N
Qc = Q = 1.08 19250 = 20790 [ N ]
=1.05..1.1
Q =19250 N
Fig 2.1
Nominal
Diameter
Pitch
Medium
Diameter
Exterior
Diameter
Interior Diameter
Table 2.1.
Angle
d , mm
p, mm
d 2 = D2 , mm
D4 , mm
d 3 , mm
D1 , mm
32
29
33
25
26
30
P
6
= arctg
= 3.76
d2
29
0 ,12
' = arctg
= arctg
= 7.08
30
cos
cos
Fig 2.2
Mt = M f =
d 3 d 03 1
1
35 3 5 3
Q c2
=
0
,
12
19250
=
3
d c d 02 3
35 2 5 2
27431.25 [ Nmm ]
= 0 ,11...0 ,12
d c = d + ( 2...6 ) [ mm ] = 32 + 3 = 35[ mm ]
d 0 = 6...10 [ mm ] = 5 [ mm ]
c =
t =
16 M t 16 27431.25
=
= 8.94 [ MPa ]
d 33
25 3
Fig 2.3
l f = k l = k ( H l + m)
m = 36 [ mm ]
H l = 97
lf
imin
255
= 40.8
6.25
l f = k l = 2 133 = 266 [ mm ]
l = H l + m = 97 + 36 = 133[ mm ]
d 34
I
64 = d 3 = 25 = 6.25[ mm ]
imin = min
A
4
4
d 32
4
Buckling domain
plastic buckling
c=
f
c
ca
c=
309.704
= 7.89
39.21
Calculus of the number of threads of the main screw nut (located inside the
secondary screw)
z=
4Q
4 19250
=
= 7.04
2
2
2
( d D1 ) p a ( 32 26 ) 10
2
p a = 7..13MPa
Number of turns
Fig 3.1
It is chosen
6 z 10
z =8
H pl = z P = 8 6 = 48 [ mm ]
3.3.
d 3 = D0 + ( 8...10 )mm = 38 + 9 = 47 [ mm ]
D0 = D4 + ( 4...6 )mm = 33 + 5 = 38 [ mm ]
Fig 3.2
Nominal
Diameter
Pitch
p, mm
9
d , mm
60
3.4.
Medium
Diameter
Exterior
Diameter
d 2 = D2 , mm
D4 , mm
55.5
61
Table 3.1.
Interior Diameter
d 3 , mm
50
D1 , mm
51
P
9
= arctg
= 2.95
d2
55
cos
= arctg
0 ,12
= 7.08
30
cos
2
Self-locking condition
2 = 2.95 < ' = 7.08
(condition accomplished)
d2
55.5
tg ' + 2 = 19250
tg (7.08 + 2.95 ) = 94480.09 [ Nmm ]
2
2
Effective compression tension c , MPa
M t = M insII = Q
c =
4Q
4 19250
=
= 23.21[ MPa ]
2
2
d 3 D0
50 2 38 2
t =
Mt
( d 34 D04 )
16 d 3
94480.09
( 50 4 38 4 )
16 41
= 5.77 [ MPa ]
(condition accomplished)
Fig 4.1.
z=
4Q
4 19250
=
= 2.45
2
2
2
( d D1 ) p a ( 60 51 ) 10
2
6 z 10
d = Tr = 55
It si chosen :
z = 6 threads
10
Fig 4.2.
Bending and shearing checking
Cast iron nut (bending)
i =
3 Q ( d2 d3 )
ai
d3 h2 z
3 19250 ( 55.5 50 )
= 10.35 ai
50 5.706 2 6
(condition accomplished)
Cast iron nut (shearing)
i =
f =
Q
af
d3 h z
af = 30..35 [ MPa ]
f =
19250
= 3.57 [ MPa ] af
50 5 ,706 6
(condition accomplished)
11
Fig 4.4
De = D4 + ( 8...10 ) mm = 61 + 9 = 70 mm
D g = De + ( 16...20 ) mm = 70 + 18 = 88 [ mm ]
4
4
4
4
( De D4 )
(70 61 )
16 De
16 70
Equivalent tension e , MPa
e = t2 + 4 t2 = 21.22 2 + 4 0.000326 2 = 21.22[ MPa ] at
at = 60...80 [ MPa ]
(condition accomplished)
12
4 Q
4 19250
=
= 8.61[ MPa ] as = 60 [ MPa ] (condition
2
2
( Dg De ) ( 88 2 70 2 )
accomplished)
s =
Q
19250
=
= 8.75 [ MPa ] af
De hg 70 10
af = 40...55[ MPa ]
(condition accomplished)
4.7. Choosing and checking the stud nut that secures the nut in the jacks
body
Choosing the stud nut
Fig 4.5
It is chosen stud nut M5x16 mm, with notch, cylindrical pin,
represented in figure 4.6.
Fig 4.6.
The friction moment on the surface of the neck Mg , [ N m]
Mg =
D g3 De3 1
1
88 3 70 3
Q 2
=
0
,
17
19250
= 129822.97 [ Nmm ]
3
D g De2 3
88 2 70 2
13
Fig 5.1.
= 5...7 = 6
= 7...8 [ mm ] = 7 [ mm ]
t = 10...12 [ mm ] = 10 [ mm ]
H 1 = H max + ( 30...50 ) [ mm ] = 150 + 50 = 200 [ mm ]
Dbi = ( 2 H 1 tg ) + Dci = 2 200 tg 6 + 75 = 117 [ mm ]
Dbe = Dbi + ( 30...50 ) [ mm ] = 117 + 40 = 157 [ mm ]
H II rising height of the secondary screw
4 Q
4 19250
=
= 11.56 [ MPa ] ac
2
2
D g Dci 88 2 75 2
c = 60..80 MPa
(condition accomplished)
Checking the underlying surface at crushing s , MPa
s =
4 Q
4 19250
=
= 2.23[ MPa ] as
2
2
Dbe Dbi 157 2 117 2
14
Choosing the pin which consolidates the cup to the main screw p, MPa
p=
4 Q
4 19250
=
= 20.42[ MPa ] pa
2
2
dc d0
88 2 5 2
p a = 25..40 MPa
(condition accomplished)
Choosing cylindrical slotted screw and cylindrical plug which prevents axial
displacement of the cup
Fig 6.1.
Checking weakened section of the screw head composite applications
Fig 6.2.
15
d ci = d c 2 c3 2[ mm ] = 35 2 5 2 = 23[ mm ]
c =
t =
4 Q 4 19250
=
= 46.33[ MPa ]
d ci2
23 2
16 M f
3
ci
16 27431.25
= 11.48 [ MPa ]
23 3
ac = 60...80 [ MPa ]
(condition accomplished)
7. EFFICIENCY CALCULUS
Efficiency of the telescopic lifting jack
tg 2
tg 3.76
=
= 0 ,22
3
3
2 0 ,12 35 3 5 3
2 d c d0
'
tg ( 7.08 + 3.76 ) +
tg + 2 + 2
3 29 35 2 5 2
3 d 2 d c d 02
16
Fig 8.1
It is chosen Fm=350[N]
The calculus length of the handle, Lc , mm
8.2.3
Lc =
M it
121911.34
=
= 348.31[ mm ]
K n Fm
1 1 350
n = 1 or 2 no. of workers
n=1
k=1
17
L, mm
l0 = 50[mm] for n = 1
L p , mm
32 k n Fm ( L p l0 )
ai
=3
d pe , mm
32 1 1 350 ( 327.9 50 )
= 19.77 20 [ mm ]
120
ai = 120 [ mPa ]
i =
32 k n Fm ( L p lo l )d pe
( d pe d pi )
4
32 1 1 350 ( 327.9 50 69 ) 25
= 80.73[ MPa ]
( 25 4 20 4 )
(condition accomplished)
18
Dm
88
= 17.27[mm]
2z
2 8
h = ( 0,6...0,8) b = 0,6 17.27 = 10.36[ mm]
Di = Dm h = 88 10.36 = 77.64[mm]
De = Dm + h = 88 +10.36 = 98.36[ mm]
a 0,5 d (1..2) = 0,5 55 1 = 26.5[ mm]
a = 26.5[ mm]
Fig 8.2
i =
= 8...10 [ mm ]
= 10 [ mm ]
ai = 100...120 [ MPa ]
ai = 120 [ MPa ]
(condition accomplished)
Checking the cog at shearing f , MPa
F1
2147.27
=
= 12.43[ MPa ] af
b 17.27 10
= 80...100 [ MPa ]
f =
af
(condition accomplished)
Checking the contact surface of the cog at crushing
F1
2147.27
=
= 20.72 [ MPa ] as
h 10 10.36
= 100...120 [ MPa ]
s =
as
19
(condition accomplished)
Checking the assembly on polygonal contour at crushing s , MPa
Fig 8.3
s =
2 M it 2 94480.09
=
= 93.17 [ MPa ] as
a2 t
13 2 12
t = + 2 = 10 + 2 = 12 [ mm ]
as = 100...120 [ MPa ]
(condition accomplished)
8.5. Ratchet calculus
l1 =
h1 =
D
26
(0,5...1) 1 =
1 5 = 8
2
2
Ratchet size,in mm
l 2 = h1 + 1 + t = 8 + 5 + 12 = 25[mm]
h2 =
Dm
88
b 1 =
17.27 1 = 16.28 16[mm]
z
8
20
Fig 8.4
i =
6 F1 a1 6 2172.4 12
=
= 58.97[ MPa ] ai
2
10.36 16 2
h h2
ai = 100...120[ MPa]
a1 = t + 1 0,5 = 12 + 5 0.5 10 = 12
(condition accomplished)
Size selection
21
f =
4R
4 2482.7
=
= 21.95[ MPa ] af
2
12 2
db
af = 60...80 [ MPa ]
(condition accomplished)
R = F1
a1
12
= 2172.4
= 2482.7
a2
10.5
a2 = h1 +
1
5
= 8 + = 10.5
2
2
Fig.8.5
R
2482.7
=
= 19.97[ MPa ] as
d b h 12 10.36
as = 60...80[ MPa]
(condition accomplished)
Checking the pin at bending
22
i =
16 R h 16 2482.7 10.36
=
= 75.8[ MPa] ai
12 3
db3
ai = 100...120[ MPa]
(condition accomplished)
9.
23
10.
For proper functioning of the jack the screws need to be not only resistant
but also rigid. On that basis it will be chosen to manufacture screws from ordinary
materials (OL), as follows: the main screw is recommended OL 50, also, for
secondary nut and screw fixation is recommended OL 50. For the screw and nut
need to be used trapezoidal thread fixed to increase the rigidity of the mechanism.
To prevent wear to the cup assembly it can be chosen a heat treated or
thermochemical steel. The manufacturing of the ratchet mechanism operated
horizontally can also use ordinary materials, low alloy steels for general
engineering STAS 500 / In the making it will be used commercial tubes for
extension. When running the drive spring mechanism will be used hot rolled and
heat treated spring steel and for the blank springs is used carbon steel wire STAS
89.
24
11.
25
The jack it will not be put directly on the ground, because its resistance
is unknown. In this way under the jack will be inserted a plate, from a
material sufficiently strong that will not allow the sliding of the jack in
horizontal plane;
- Checking the technical proper functioning of the jack before using it;
- There will not be unattended loads left on the jack;
- The jack storage it will be made such that sub-assemblies deformations
will be avoided, in dry places such that the crew-nut mechanism,
oxidations will be not favored, which will aggravate operating the jack
for the appearance of additional friction forces;
It will regularly be checked:
- The bolts to be provided with elastic rings, for safety;
- The levers are not deformed;
- The cup to be fixed well in the support;
- The screw-nut mechanism, not presenting advanced wear and it will be
permanently greased to reduce friction forces and immature wear;
- Check that no cracks exists on different parts of the jack;
-
12.
REFRENCES
1. ALEXANDRU, P. s.a. Mecanisme, vol. II. Universitatea din Brasov, 1984.
2. DRAGHICI, I. s.a. Indrumar de proiectare in constructia de masini, vol. I.
Bucuresti, Editura Tehnica, 1981.
3. DRAGHICI, I. s.a. Organe de masini. Culegere de probleme. Bucuresti, Editura
Didactica si Pedagogica, 1980.
4. GAFITANU, M. s.a. Organe de masini, vol. I. Bucuresti, Editura Tehnica, 1981
5. JULA, A. s.a. Organe de masini, Indrumar pentru proiectul de an nr. 1,
Universitatea din Brasov, 1986.
26
27