Illa y corte de MadridThis article is about the capital city of Spain.

For the autonomous community, see Community of Madrid. For other uses, see Madrid (disambiguation).

Madrid
Villa de Madrid

From upper left: uerta de !lcal", Campo del Moro #ardens and $oyal alace, City %all, !lcal" and #ran &'a street, rado Museum, Statue of the (ear and the Stra)berry tree (madroo) in uerta del Sol S*uare, Cer+antes Institute Foundation %ead*uarter, &ie) of $oyal alace and !lmudena Cathedral.

Flag

Coat of arms

Motto: Fui sobre agua edificada, mis muros de fuego son. Esta es mi insignia y blasn
(,-n )ater I )as built, my )alls are made of fire. This is my ensign and escutcheon,)

Madrid
.ocation of Madrid )ithin Spain

Madrid
Map of Madrid

Coordinates: /012345 31/346 Country Spain Autonomous Madrid community Founded 7th century89: Government Type Mayor;council Body !yuntamiento de Madrid Mayor !na (otella ( ) Area City <0=.>> ?m2 (233.@7 s* mi) Elevation <<> m (2,9@@ ft) Population (2099) City 3,2<=,03@ Rank 9st ensity =,370A?m2 (9/,000As* mi) !r"an <,0@>,00083: Metro <,3<7,9<282: Madrilenian, Madrilene emonym madrileo, -a; matritense

Time #one $ummer % $T& Postal code Area code%s& Patron $aints 'e"site

(es) CBT (CTCD9) CBST (CTCD2) 2@009E2@0@0 D3/ (BS) D 79 (M) Isidore the .aborer &irgin of !lmudena ))).madrid.es

Madrid (Bnglish AmFdrdA, Spanish: 8maGiG:) is the capital of Spain and its largest city. The population of the city is roughly 3.3 million8/: and the entire population of the Madrid metropolitan area is calculated to be around <.= million. It is the third;largest city in the Buropean Cnion, after .ondon and (erlin, and its metropolitan area is the third;largest in the Buropean Cnion after .ondon and aris.8=:8<:8>:8@: The city spans a total of <0/.3 ?m2 (233.3 s* mi).87: The city is located on the ManHanares ri+er in the centre of both the country and the Community of Madrid ()hich comprises the city of Madrid, its conurbation and eItended suburbs and +illages)J this community is bordered by the autonomous communities of Castile and .eKn and Castile;.a Mancha. !s the capital city of Spain, seat of go+ernment, and residence of the Spanish monarch, Madrid is also the political, economic and cultural centre of Spain.890: The current mayor is !na (otella from the eopleLs arty ( ). The Madrid urban agglomeration has the third;largest #M 899: in the Buropean Cnion and its influences in politics, education, entertainment, en+ironment, media, fashion, science, culture, and the arts all contribute to its status as one of the )orldLs maNor global cities.892:893: Mue to its economic output, high standard of li+ing, and mar?et siHe, Madrid is considered the maNor financial centre of Southern Burope89/:89=: and the Iberian eninsulaJ it hosts the head offices of the +ast maNority of the maNor Spanish companies, such as TelefKnica, Iberia or $epsol. Madrid is the 90th most li+able city in the )orld according to Monocle magaHine, in its 2090 indeI.89<:89>: Madrid also ran?s among the 92 greenest Buropean cities in 2090.89@: Madrid houses the head*uarters of the 6orld Tourism -rganiHation (6T-), belonging to the Cnited 5ations -rganiHation (C5), the SB#I(, the -rganiHation of Ibero; !merican States (-BI), and the ublic Interest -+ersight (oard ( I-(). It also hosts maNor international institutions regulators of Spanish: the Standing Committee of the !ssociation of Spanish .anguage !cademies, head*uarters of the $oyal Spanish !cademy ($!B), the Cer+antes Institute and the Foundation of Crgent Spanish (FundOu ((&!). Madrid organiHes fairs as FITC$,897: !$C-,820: SIM- TCI 829: and the Cibeles Madrid Fashion 6ee?.822: 6hile Madrid possesses a modern infrastructure, it has preser+ed the loo? and feel of many of its historic neighbourhoods and streets. Its landmar?s include the $oyal alace of MadridJ the $oyal Theatre )ith its restored 9@=0 -pera %ouseJ the (uen $etiro par?, founded in 9<39J the 97th;century 5ational .ibrary building (founded in 9>92) containing some of SpainLs historical archi+esJ a large number of 5ational museums,823: and the #olden Triangle of !rt, located along the aseo del rado and comprising three

art museums: rado Museum, the $eina Sof'a Museum, a museum of modern art, and the Thyssen;(ornemisHa Museum, )hich completes the shortcomings of the other t)o museums.82/: Cibeles alace and Fountain ha+e become the monument symbol of the city.82=:82<:82>:

Contents

9 %istory o 9.9 Toponym

o o o

9.2 Middle !ges 9.3 Modern !ge 9./ From the 97th century to present day

2 #o+ernment 3 #eography
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3.9 Climate 3.2 .ocation 3.3 6ater supply

/ Memography = Mistricts < Metropolitan area > Cityscape

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>.9 !rchitecture >.2 Crban sculpture >.3 Bn+ironment

@ Bconomy
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@.9 Middle !ges to 20th century @.2 9772 to present

7 !rt and culture

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7.9 Museums and !rt centres 7.2 .andmar?s 7.3 Churches 7./ .iterature

o o o

7.= 5ightlife 7.< (ohemian culture 7.> Classical music and opera