Citation Styles

Citation styles differ mostly in the location, order, and syntax of information about references. The number and diversity of citation styles reflect different priorities with respect to concision, readability, dates, authors, publications, and, of course, style. There are also two major divisions within most citation styles: documentary-note style and parenthetical style. Documentary-note style is the standard form of documenting sources. It involves using either footnotes or endnotes so that information about your sources is readily available to your readers but does not interfere with their reading of your wor . In the parenthetical style, sometimes called the !author"date# style or !in"text# style, references to sources are made in the body of the wor itself, through parentheses. $n example of this would be the following sentence, ta en from page %& of a boo written by 'rofessor Scott in ())): 'rofessor Scott asserts that !environmental reform in $las a in the ()*+s accelerated rapidly as the result of pipeline expansion.# ,Scott ())), %&-

This is generally considered an abbreviated form of citation, and it does not re.uire footnotes or endnotes, although it does re.uire the e.uivalent of a !/or s Cited# page at the end of the paper. It is easier to write, but might interfere with how smoothly your wor reads. See your instructor for information on which form, documentary"note style or parenthetical style, is appropriate for your paper. /ith so many different citation styles, how do you now which one is right for your paper0 1irst, we strongly recommend as ing your instructor. There are several factors which go into determining the appropriate citation style, including discipline ,priorities in an 2nglish class might differ from those of a 'sychology class, for example-, academic expectations ,papers intended for publication might be subject to different standards than mid"term papers-, the research aims of an assignment, and the individual preference of your instructor. If you want to learn more about using a particular citation style, we have provided lin s to more specific resources below. 3ust choose the appropriate discipline from the menu on the left, or scroll down until you find the style that interests you.

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Humanities Chicago /riter4s 5andboo : Chicago Style 6ocumentation http:77www.wisc.edu7writing75andboo 76ocChicago.html 8uic 9eference :uide to the Chicago Style http:77www.library.wwu.edu7ref79efhome7chicago.html 2xcellent 1$8 on ;sage in the Chicago Style http:77www.press.uchicago.edu7<isc7Chicago7cmosfa.7 =nline> :uide to Chicago Style http:77www.bedfordstmartins.com7online7cite*.html MLA ,<odern ?anguage $ssociation-

/riter4s 5andboo : <?$ Style 6ocumentation http:77www.wisc.edu7writing75andboo 76oc<?$.html The 6ocumentation Style of the <odern ?anguage $ssociation http:77www.newar .ohio"state.edu7@osuwrite7mla.htm <?$ Citation Style http:77campusgw.library.cornell.edu7newhelp7resAstrategy7citing7mla.html =nline> :uide to <?$ Style http:77www.bedfordstmartins.com7online7citeB.html ;seful :uide to 'arenthetical 6ocumentation http:77www.geocities.com7$thens7$cropolis7(C%&7document.html Turabian ,an academic style that wor s in other disciplines as well Turabian bibliography samples ,Ithaca College ?ibrary-. Dased on the Cth edition of TurabianEs Manual. Turabian Style: Sample 1ootnotes and Dibliographic 2ntries ,Cth edition,Dridgewater State College Turabian style guide: ,;niversity of Southern <ississippi ?ibraries Turabian Citation Style 2xamples ,Forthwest <issouri State ;niversity

Sciences AC ,$merican Chemical Society-

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 $CS Style Sheet http:77www.lehigh.edu7@inhelp7footnote7acs.html $CS Doo s 9eference Style :uidelines http:77pubs.acs.org7boo s7references.shtml AMA ,$merican <edical Society-

$<$ Style :uide http:77healthlin s.washington.edu7hsl7styleguides7ama.html $<$ 6ocumentation Style http:77rx.stlcop.edu7wcenter7$<$.htm $<$ Citation Style http:77www.liu.edu7cwis7cwp7library7wor shop7citama.htm C!" ,Council of Diology 2ditors-

/riter4s 5andboo : CD2 Style 6ocumentation http:77www.wisc.edu7writetest75andboo 76ocCD2C.html =nline> :uide to CD2 Style http:77www.bedfordstmartins.com7online7citeG.html CD2 Style 1orm :uide http:77www.lib.ohio"state.edu7guides7cbegd.html #""" ,Institute of 2lectrical and 2lectronics 2ngineers-

5andboo : 6ocumentation I222 Style http:77www.ecf.utoronto.ca7@writing7handboo "docum(b.html Sample I222 6ocumentation Style for 9eferences http:77www.carleton.ca7@nartemev7I222Astyle.html 2lectrical 2ngineering Citation Style http:77www.lehigh.edu7@inhelp7footnote7footee.html

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,Fational ?ibrary of <edicine-

F?< Style :uide http:77healthlin s.washington.edu7hsl7styleguides7nlm.html Citing the Internet: $ Drief :uide
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http:77nnlm.gov7pnr7news7%++(+*7netcite.html Fational ?ibrary of <edicine 9ecommended 1ormats for Dibliographic Citation ,'61 formathttp:77www.nlm.nih.gov7pubs7formats7internet.pdf %ancouver ,Diological Sciences-

Introduction to the Hancouver Style http:77www.lib.monash.edu.au7vl7cite7citeprvr.htm Hancouver Style 9eferences http&''www.library.u(.edu.au'training'citation'vancouv.html 6etailed 2xplanation of the Hancouver style http:77www.acponline.org7journals7annals7+(jan)*7unifre.r.htm Social Sciences AAA ,$merican $nthropological $ssociation Citations and Dibliographic Style for $nthropology 'apers http:77www.usd.edu7anth7handboo 7bib.htm $$$ Style 5andboo ,'61 formathttp:77www.aaanet.org7pubs7styleAguide.pdf A)A ,$merican 'sychological $ssociation-

/riter4s 5andboo : $'$ Style 6ocumentation http:77www.wisc.edu7writing75andboo 76oc$'$.html $'$ Style :uide http:77www.lib.usm.edu7@instruct7guides7apa.html Dibliography Style 5andboo ,$'$http:77www.english.uiuc.edu7cws7wwor shop7bibliographyAstyleAhandboo ap a.htm $'$ Style 2lectronic 1ormat http:77www.westwords.com7guffey7apa.html =nline> :uide to $'$ Style http:77www.bedfordstmartins.com7online7citeC.html $'$ Style.org http:77www.apastyle.org7elecref.html
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,$merican 'olitical Science $ssociation /riter4s 5andboo : $'S$ 6ocumentation http:77www.wisc.edu7writing75andboo 76oc$'S$.html

?egal Style Cornell Universitys Introduction to Dasic ?egal Citation http://www.law.cornell.edu/citation/citation.table.html Legal Citation: ;sing and ;nderstanding ?egal $bbreviations http://qsilver.queensu.ca/law/legalcit.htm ?egal 9esearch and Citation Style in the ;S$ http://www.rbs0.com/lawcite.htm ther: :eneral info on citing web documents http:77www.lib.ber eley.edu7Teaching?ib7:uides7Internet7Style.html 9ecommended <ulti"Style ?in s http:77www.aresearchguide.com7styleguides.html http:77www.dianahac er.com7resdoc7

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