Name____________ Ms. Reyes/Ms.

Rust

Mini-Lesson 4: French Radical Days Aim: How did the French react to the elimination of the absolute monarchy? Do Now: The Declaration of the Rights of Man has been called the death certificate of the old regime. Do you agree! "hy or #hy not! ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___ French Revolution (part 3) - Reign o !error "L#$$%&R': $om%lete the follo#ing &rimary and 'econdary source readings. (ns#er the )uestions that follo#*$$+' R,.1-citing strong and thorough te.tual e/idence to su%%ort analysis0. !he Radical (hase o the French Revolution ()*+)-)*+,) ,n 1une of 12314 the royal family tried to lea/e 5rance because the 6ing4 +ouis 78,4 and the )ueen4 Marie (ntoinette4 felt that the re/olution had gone too far. The 6ing #as recogni9ed near the border4 and the royal family #as arrested and returned to &aris. This esca%e attem%t made the 6ing and )ueen more un%o%ular. ,t also increased the %o#er of his enemies. ,n the fall of 12314 the National (ssembly dre# u% a ne# constitution. ,t too6 a#ay most of the 6ing:s %o#er4 creating a limited constitutional monarchy. The assembly then turned o/er its %o#er to a ne# assembly4 the +egislati/e (ssembly. Des%ite the ne# go/ernment4 old %roblems such as food shortages and go/ernment debt remained. (ngry cries for more liberty4 more e)uality4 and more bread soon caused the Re/olution:s leaders to turn against one another. The +egislati/e (ssembly soon di/ided into three grou%s4 each of #hich sat in a different %art of the meeting hall. Radicals #anted s#ee%ing changes in the #ay go/ernment #as run. Moderates #anted some changes in go/ernment4 but not as many as the radicals. $onser/ati/es u%held the idea of a limited monarchy and #anted fe# changes in go/ernment. There #as much disagreement among moderate and radical re%resentati/es as to the course the re/olution should ta6e. The more e.treme4 or radical4 grou%s #on the %o#er to struggle #ithin the +egislati/e (ssembly. 8iolence became the norm. 1. =.%lain #hat ha%%ened #hen +ouis 78, and Marie (ntoinette tried to esca%e 5rance! ;. >o# did the actions ta6en by the National (ssembly in 1231 reflect the ideas of the =nlightenment! ?. Describe each grou% the +egislati/e (ssembly di/ided into. @. Determine #hich grou% each class #ould Aoin: a. NoblesB Radicals Moderates $onser/ati/es b. CourgeoisieB c. &easantsB Radicals Radicals Moderates Moderates $onser/ati/es $onser/ati/es

Date:_______ Global 10

5aced #ith the threat of radicals4 the members of the +egislati/e (ssembly ga/e u% the idea of a limited monarchy. They set aside the $onstitution of 12314 and called for the election of a ne# legislature *body of go/ernment0. The ne# body of go/ernment4 the National $on/ention4 first met in 'e%tember 123;. 1acobins4 members of a radical %olitical club4 soon too6 control of this ne# go/ernment. They declared 5rance a re%ublic and abolished the monarchy. They also declared +ouis and his family #ere common citi9ens. The $on/ention %ut <ing +ouis 78, on trial

for treason4 found him guilty4 and had him e.ecuted by guillotine in 1anuary of 123?. The )ueen #as beheaded later that year. (t the same time4 5rance faced serious trouble on its borders. <ings in other countries feared that re/olution #ould s%read to their lands. They #anted to use force to restore control of 5rance to +ouis 78,. "hen (ustria and &russia %ro%osed that 5rance %ut +ouis 78, bac6 on the throne4 the +egislati/e (ssembly res%onded by declaring #ar on (ustria in (%ril 123;. &russia later Aoined (ustria in the #ar against 5rance. ,n addition4 Royalists led u%risings against the ne# go/ernment4 and #or6ers demanded an end to food shortages and rising %rices. ,n order to deal #ith threats from those in su%%ort of reestablishing a monarchy4 the National $on/entions created the $ommittee of &ublic 'afety. ( man named Ma.imilien Robes%ierre rose to the forefront as the leader of the $ommittee of &ublic 'afety. This 1;-member committee led the dri/e to crush u%risings and recruit for #ar. K. H. 2. "hy did the National $on/ention re%lace the +egislati/e (ssembly! "hy #ould the National $on/ention get rid of the monarchy com%letely! =.%lain #hy might ha/e (ustria and &russia declared #ar on 5rance.

Robes%ierre and the $ommittee of &ublic 'afety tried to #i%e out e/ery trace of 5rance:s %ast monarchy and nobility. <ings4 )ueens4 and Aac6s in dec6s of cards #ere changed to figures that re%resented re/olutionary ideals. 5irm belie/ers in reason4 the radicals changed the calendar to be more scientific. The ne# calendar had no 'undays because the radicals considered religion old-fashioned and dangerous. 5rom 1uly 123? to 1uly 123@4 Robes%ierre decided #ho #as and #as not an enemy of 5rance. (nyone he accused #as usually beheaded. >undreds died each #ee64 in #hat came to be 6no#n as the Reign of Terror. (fter a #hile4 no one #as safe D not e/en leaders of the re/olutionary go/ernment. No# Robes%ierre #as master of the re/olution D but not for long. >e %ushed the Reign of Terror so far that no one #as safe. ( ta/ern 6ee%er #as 6illed for selling bad #ine. &riests died sim%ly because they #ere %riests. Robes%ierre #itnessed none of the /ictims e.ecuted. >e had once e.%ressed the o%inion that %ublic e.ecutions coarsened and brutali9ed the character of the %eo%le. Cut he made no mo/e to sto% them. ,n Austification of the Terror he declared in the $on/ention4 E(t the %oint #here #e are not4 if #e sto% too soon #e #ill die. "e ha/e not been too se/ereB "ithout the re/olutionary Go/ernment the Re%ublic cannot be made stronger. ,f it is destroyed no#4 freedom #ill be e.tinguished tomorro#.F Cy 1uly 123@4 the other leaders of the re/olution had turned against Robes%ierre. Robes%ierre tried to shoot himself. >e #as carried4 bloody and screaming4 to the guillotine. The Terror #as o/er. (bout ?04000 5rench %eo%le had been e.ecuted in the %ast year. Cut only a small %ro%ortion of them #ere aristocrats. +ess than nine in a hundred of those guillotined in the Terror #ere of noble birthG about HI #ere clergy. The rest4 JKI4 came from that class of %eo%le once 6no#n as the Third =state. More than ;4100 %eo%le #ere e.ecuted during the last 1?; days of the Reign of Terror. The 5rench %eo%le #ere tired of the 6illing and the unrest. They #anted a return to order. Moderate leaders drafted a ne#4 less re/olutionary %lan of go/ernment.

J. Describe #hat life #as li6e in 5rance during the EReign of Terror.F 3. =/aluate *Audge0 #hether the actions of the $ommittee of &ublic 'afety reflected the ideas of the =nlightenment. 10. "hy do you thin6 the leaders of the re/olution #ould turn on Robes%ierre and send him to the guillotine!

$u--ary: =.%lain #hether or not the Reign of Terror #as necessary to %rotect the gains *successes0 of the 5rench Re/olution. &./0"!120 F&3R #"!121!10$: &ption ): &retend that you are the host of a tal6 sho# *thin6 L%rah0. "rite a scri%t inter/ie# in #hich you discuss #ith Robes%ierre his reign and his reasons for doing so.

&ption 4: "rite a %age gi/ing your o%inion on the 5rench Re/olution. "as it #orth the bloodshed! "as it a good cause! Ce sure that you ha/e a to%ic/thesis sentence *E, belie/e that the 5rench Re/olution #as ______________.F0 and then %ro/e it #ith s%ecific e/ents that occurred during the 5rench Re/olution. &ption 3: 5rench Re/olution 'tory Coard

$tory .oard !itle o $tory55555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555 #R!1$!55555555555555555555555555555555 "hapter &ne: Li e o "hapter !wo: Li e o the 3rd "hapter !hree: $tor-ing o st nd the ) and 4 0state 0state the .astille

"rite a detailed descri%tion of cha%ter one belo#.

"rite a detailed descri%tion of cha%ter t#o belo#.

"rite a detailed descri%tion of cha%ter three belo#.

"hapter Four: %riting o the Declaration o the Rights o Man and "iti6en

"hapter Five: Legislative #sse-7ly Divides into Di erent 8roups

"hapter $i9: !he Reign o !error

"rite a detailed descri%tion of cha%ter four belo#.

"rite a detailed descri%tion of cha%ter fi/e belo#.

"rite a detailed descri%tion of cha%ter si. belo#.