Professional Documents
Culture Documents
ABSTRACT............................................................................................................................. x
SECTION I
MOVING BED BIOFILM REACTOR VERSUS BIOLOGICAL
AERATED FILTRATION......................................................................................... XII
CHAPTER 1.0
CHAPTER 2.0
OBJECTIVES..................................................................................3
CHAPTER 3.0
LITERATURE REVIEW...................................................................4
3.1
The Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor.............................................................................. 4
3.1.1
Factors Affecting Performance ............................................................................. 5
3.1.2
Organic carbon removal...................................................................................... 10
3.1.3
Nitrification......................................................................................................... 10
3.2
Biological Aerated Filter (BAF)............................................................................... 11
3.2.1
Performance ........................................................................................................ 13
3.2.2
BOD5 removal..................................................................................................... 14
3.2.3
Nitrification......................................................................................................... 14
3.3
CHAPTER 4.0
4.1
4.2
4.3
Reactor Design and Operation. ............................................................................... 26
4.3.1
MBBR ................................................................................................................. 26
4.3.1.1 Stimulus Response Study (Tracer Study). ................................................... 31
4.3.2
BAF..................................................................................................................... 32
4.4
4.5
Analytical methods.................................................................................................... 37
4.6
CHAPTER 5.0
5.1
ii
5.1.1
5.2
5.3
MBBR performance.................................................................................................. 49
5.3.1
BOD5 Removal ................................................................................................... 49
5.3.2
TSS Removal ...................................................................................................... 53
5.3.3
Ammonia Oxidation............................................................................................ 54
5.3.4
MBBR Performance Summary ........................................................................... 56
5.4
Biological Aerated Filters......................................................................................... 57
5.4.1
BOD5 removal ..................................................................................................... 57
5.4.2
TSS Removal ...................................................................................................... 59
5.4.3
Ammonia Oxidation............................................................................................ 61
5.4.4
BAF Backwashing .............................................................................................. 62
5.4.5
BAF Performance Summary............................................................................... 63
5.5
MBBR Kinetic and Yield Study and Model ........................................................... 65
5.5.1
Biofilm thickness. ............................................................................................... 65
5.5.2
Biofilm density.................................................................................................... 65
5.5.3
Substrate utilization rate ..................................................................................... 66
5.5.4
Yield.................................................................................................................... 66
5.5.5
Pseudo analytical model and results ................................................................ 66
5.5.6
ISO Area Demand for MBBR versus BAF......................................................... 67
CHAPTER 6.0
6.1
MBBR......................................................................................................................... 68
6.2
6.3
Recommendations ..................................................................................................... 69
CHAPTER 7.0
REFERENCES ..............................................................................70
CHAPTER 8.0
APPENDICES ...............................................................................74
APPENDIX A1 - GENERAL............................................................................................... 74
BOD Supplement (Candy) Preparation............................................................................ 74
Media surface area relative to reactor volume calculation. ................................................ 75
Wastewater characteristics data .......................................................................................... 76
APPENDIX A2 - MBBR DATA .......................................................................................... 77
MBBR BOD5 data............................................................................................................... 78
MBBR CBOD5 data ............................................................................................................ 79
67 % media volume MBBR, BOD5 and TSS data.............................................................. 80
MBBR SBOD5 data............................................................................................................. 81
iii
1.1
Background ............................................................................................................... 95
1.2
Introduction............................................................................................................... 97
CHAPTER 2.0
OBJECTIVES................................................................................98
CHAPTER 3.0
LITERATURE REVIEW.................................................................99
3.1
3.2
3.3
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
CHAPTER 5.0
5.1
iv
5.2
5.3
Field Analysis of solid precipitate from Digester Gas Pipe at PFRWTF........... 131
CHAPTER 6.0
CHAPTER 7.0
RECOMMENDATIONS ...............................................................133
REFERENCES:...........................................................................140
vi
vii
viii
ix