Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Program Description:
"MONORAIL" is a spreadsheet program written in MS-Excel for the purpose of analysis of either S-shape or W-shape underhung monorail beams analyzed as simple-spans with or without overhangs (cantilevers). Specifically, the x-axis and y-axis bending moments as well as any torsion effects are calculated. The actual and allowable stresses are determined, and the effect of lower flange bending is also addressed by two different approaches. This program is a workbook consisting of three (3) worksheets, described as follows:
Worksheet Name
Doc S-shaped Monorail Beam W-shaped Monorail Beam
Description
This documentation sheet Monorail beam analysis for S-shaped beams Monorail beam analysis for W-shaped beams
SIS
on
For S-shaped Underhung Monorails Analyzed as Simple-Spans with / without Overhang Per AISC 9th Edition ASD Manual and CMAA Specification No. 74 (2004) Subject: Originator:
Monorail Size: Select: Design Parameters: Beam Fy = Beam Simple-Span, L = Unbraced Length, Lb = Bending Coef., Cb = Overhang Length, Lo = Unbraced Length, Lbo = Bending Coef., Cbo = Lifted Load, P = Trolley Weight, Wt = Hoist Weight, Wh = Vert. Impact Factor, Vi = Horz. Load Factor, HLF = Total No. Wheels, Nw = Wheel Spacing, S = Distance on Flange, a = Results: Parameters and Coefficients: Pv = 7.400 kips Pw = 1.850 kips/wheel Ph = 0.600 kips ta = 0.493 in. l= 0.156 Cxo = -0.850 Cx1 = 0.600 Czo = 0.165 Cz1 = 1.948 Bending Moments for Simple-Span: x= 8.313 ft. Mx = 30.08 ft-kips My = 2.44 ft-kips S12x50 36 17.0000 17.0000 1.00 3.0000 11.5000 1.00 6.000 0.400 0.100 15 10 4 0.7500 0.3750
ksi ft. ft.
RR(max)=9,13 Lo=3
S12x50 Pv=7,4
Nomenclature S12x50 Member Properties: 14.60 in.^2 d/Af = 12.000 in. Ix = 0.687 in. Sx = 5.480 in. Iy = 0.659 in. Sy = 1.438 in. J= 1.250 in. Cw = (with overhang)
= Pv*(L+(Lo-S/2))/L+w/1000/(2*L)*(L+Lo)^2 = -Pv*(Lo-S/2)/L+w/1000/(2*L)*(L^2-Lo^2)
% %
ft. in.
A= d= tw = bf = tf = k= rt =
Support Reactions: RR(max) = 9.13 RL(min) = -0.73 Pv = P*(1+Vi/100)+Wt+Wh (vertical load) Pw = Pv/Nw (load per trolley wheel) Ph = HLF*P (horizontal load) ta = tf-bf/24+a/6 (for S-shape) l = 2*a/(bf-tw) Cxo = -1.096+1.095*l+0.192*e^(-6.0*l) Cx1 = 3.965-4.835*l-3.965*e^(-2.675*l) Czo = -0.981-1.479*l+1.120*e^(1.322*l) Cz1 = 1.810-1.150*l+1.060*e^(-7.70*l)
x = 1/2*(L-S/2) (location of max. moments from left end of simple-span) Mx = (Pv/2)/(2*L)*(L-S/2)^2+w/1000*x/2*(L-x) My = (Ph/2)/(2*L)*(L-S/2)^2
Lateral Flange Bending Moment from Torsion for Simple-Span: (per USS Steel Design Manual, 1981) e= 6.000 in. e = d/2 (assume horiz. load taken at bot. flange) at = 21.662 at = SQRT(E*Cw/(J*G)) , E=29000 ksi and G=11200 ksi Mt = 0.29 ft-kips Mt = Ph*e*at/(2*(d-tf))*TANH(L*12/(2*at))/12 X-axis Stresses for Simple-Span: fbx = 7.13 ksi Lb/rt = 163.20 Fbx = 17.72 ksi
3 of 14
11/8/2013 8:35 PM
Y-axis Stresses for Simple-Span: fby = 5.14 ksi fwns = 1.21 ksi fby(total) = 6.35 ksi Fby = 27.00 ksi
fby = My/Sy fwns = Mt*12/(Sy/2) (warping normal stress) fby(total) = fby+fwns Fby = 0.75*Fy
Combined Stress Ratio for Simple-Span: S.R. = 0.638 S.R. = fbx/Fbx+fby(total)/Fby Vertical Deflection for Simple-Span: Pv = 6.500 kips D(max) = 0.1412 in. D(ratio) = L/1445 D(allow) = 0.4533 in. Bending Moments for Overhang: Mx = 19.65 ft-kips My = 1.58 ft-kips
Pv = P+Wh+Wt (without vertical impact) D(max) = Pv/2*(L-S)/2/(24*E*I)*(3*L^2-4*((L-S)/2)^2)+5*w/12000*L^4/(384*E*I) D(ratio) = L*12/D(max) D(allow) = L*12/450 Defl.(max) <= Defl.(allow),
Mx = (Pv/2)*(Lo+(Lo-S))+w/1000*Lo^2/2 My = (Ph/2)*(Lo+(Lo-S))
Lateral Flange Bending Moment from Torsion for Overhang: (per USS Steel Design Manual, 1981) e= 6.000 in. e = d/2 (assume horiz. load taken at bot. flange) at = 21.662 at = SQRT(E*Cw/(J*G)) , E=29000 ksi and G=11200 ksi Mt = 0.57 ft-kips Mt = Ph*e*at/(d-tf)*TANH(Lo*12/at)/12 X-axis Stresses for Overhang: fbx = 4.66 ksi Lbo/rt = 110.40 Fbx = 21.60 ksi Y-axis Stresses for Overhang: fby = 3.32 ksi fwns = 2.42 ksi fby(total) = 5.74 ksi Fby = 27.00 ksi Combined Stress Ratio for Overhang: S.R. = 0.428 Vertical Deflection for Overhang: Pv = 6.500 kips D(max) = 0.0715 in. D(ratio) = L/503 D(allow) = 0.0800 in. Bottom Flange Bending (simplified): be = 7.908 in. tf2 = 0.859 in. am = 1.818 in. Mf = 3.363 in.-kips Sf = 0.572 in.^3 fb = 5.88 ksi Fb = 27.00 ksi
fby = My/Sy fwns = Mt*12/(Sy/2) (warping normal stress) fby(total) = fby+fwns Fby = 0.75*Fy
S.R. = fbx/Fbx+fby(total)/Fby (assuming full design load, Pv without impact, at end of overhang) Pv = P+Wh+Wt (without vertical impact) D(max) = Pv*Lo^2*(L+Lo)/(3*E*I)+w/12000*Lo*(4*Lo^2*L-L^3+3*Lo^3)/(24*E*I) D(ratio) = Lo*12/D(max) D(allow) = Lo*12/450 Defl.(max) <= Defl.(allow),
Min. of: be = 12*tf or S*12 (effective flange bending length) tf2 = tf+(bf/2-tw/2)/2*(1/6) (flange thk. at web based on 1:6 slope of flange) am = (bf/2-tw/2)-(k-tf2) (where: k-tf2 = radius of fillet) Mf = Pw*am Sf = be*tf^2/6 fb = Mf/Sf Fb = 0.75*Fy
4 of 14
11/8/2013 8:35 PM
Bottom Flange Bending per CMAA Specification No. 74 (2004): Local Flange Bending Stress @ Point 0: sxo = sxo = Cxo*Pw/ta^2 -6.46 ksi szo = szo = Czo*Pw/ta^2 1.25 ksi Local Flange Bending Stress @ Point 1: sx1 = sx1 = Cx1*Pw/ta^2 4.56 ksi sz1 = sz1 = Cz1*Pw/ta^2 14.82 ksi Local Flange Bending Stress @ Point 2: sx2 = sx2 = -sxo 6.46 ksi sz2 = sz2 = -szo -1.25 ksi Resultant Biaxial Stress @ Point 0: sz = 13.22 ksi sx = -4.85 ksi txz = 0.00 ksi sto = 16.19 ksi Resultant Biaxial Stress @ Point 1: sz = 23.39 ksi sx = 3.42 ksi txz = 0.00 ksi st1 = 21.88 ksi Resultant Biaxial Stress @ Point 2: sz = 11.34 ksi sx = 4.85 ksi txz = 0.00 ksi st2 = 9.85 ksi sz = fbx+fby+0.75*szo sx = 0.75*sxo txz = 0 (assumed negligible) sto = SQRT(sx^2+sz^2-sx*sz+3*txz^2)
Pw
Pw
tw X Pw Z Pw
tf
Point 1
bf/4
bf
5 of 14
11/8/2013 8:35 PM
RR(max)=9,13 Lo=3
ature
+(Lo-S/2))/L+w/1000/(2*L)*(L+Lo)^2 Lo-S/2)/L+w/1000/(2*L)*(L^2-Lo^2)
t end of simple-span)
6 of 14
11/8/2013 8:35 PM
^2)+5*w/12000*L^4/(384*E*I)
2*L-L^3+3*Lo^3)/(24*E*I)
7 of 14
11/8/2013 8:35 PM
Pw
ta
8 of 14
11/8/2013 8:35 PM
For W-shaped Underhung Monorails Analyzed as Simple-Spans with / without Overhang Per AISC 9th Edition ASD Manual and CMAA Specification No. 74 (2004) Subject: Originator:
Monorail Size: Select: Design Parameters: Beam Fy = Beam Simple-Span, L = Unbraced Length, Lb = Bending Coef., Cb = Overhang Length, Lo = Unbraced Length, Lbo = Bending Coef., Cbo = Lifted Load, P = Trolley Weight, Wt = Hoist Weight, Wh = Vert. Impact Factor, Vi = Horz. Load Factor, HLF = Total No. Wheels, Nw = Wheel Spacing, S = Distance on Flange, a = Results: Parameters and Coefficients: Pv = 7.400 kips Pw = 1.850 kips/wheel Ph = 0.600 kips ta = 0.640 in. l= 0.097 Cxo = -1.903 Cx1 = 0.535 Czo = 0.192 Cz1 = 2.319 Bending Moments for Simple-Span: x= 8.313 ft. Mx = 30.08 ft-kips My = 2.44 ft-kips W12x50 36 17.0000 17.0000 1.00 3.0000 11.5000 1.00 6.000 0.400 0.100 15 10 4 0.7500 0.3750
ksi ft. ft.
RR(max)=9,13 Lo=3
W12x50 Pv=7,4
Nomenclature W12x50 Member Properties: 14.60 in.^2 d/Af = 12.200 in. Ix = 0.370 in. Sx = 8.080 in. Iy = 0.640 in. Sy = 1.140 in. J= 2.170 in. Cw = (with overhang)
= Pv*(L+(Lo-S/2))/L+w/1000/(2*L)*(L+Lo)^2 = -Pv*(Lo-S/2)/L+w/1000/(2*L)*(L^2-Lo^2)
% %
ft. in.
A= d= tw = bf = tf = k= rt =
Support Reactions: RR(max) = 9.13 RL(min) = -0.73 Pv = P*(1+Vi/100)+Wt+Wh (vertical load) Pw = Pv/Nw (load per trolley wheel) Ph = HLF*P (horizontal load) ta = tf (for W-shape) l = 2*a/(bf-tw) Cxo = -2.110+1.977*l+0.0076*e^(6.53*l) Cx1 = 10.108-7.408*l-10.108*e^(-1.364*l) Czo = 0.050-0.580*l+0.148*e^(3.015*l) Cz1 = 2.230-1.490*l+1.390*e^(-18.33*l)
x = 1/2*(L-S/2) (location of max. moments from left end of simple-span) Mx = (Pv/2)/(2*L)*(L-S/2)^2+w/1000*x/2*(L-x) My = (Ph/2)/(2*L)*(L-S/2)^2
Lateral Flange Bending Moment from Torsion for Simple-Span: (per USS Steel Design Manual, 1981) e= 6.100 in. e = d/2 (assume horiz. load taken at bot. flange) at = 53.354 at = SQRT(E*Cw/(J*G)) , E=29000 ksi and G=11200 ksi Mt = 0.67 ft-kips Mt = Ph*e*at/(2*(d-tf))*TANH(L*12/(2*at))/12 X-axis Stresses for Simple-Span: fbx = 5.62 ksi Lb/rt = 94.01 Fbx = 21.60 ksi
9 of 14
11/8/2013 8:35 PM
Y-axis Stresses for Simple-Span: fby = 2.11 ksi fwns = 1.16 ksi fby(total) = 3.27 ksi Fby = 27.00 ksi
fby = My/Sy fwns = Mt*12/(Sy/2) (warping normal stress) fby(total) = fby+fwns Fby = 0.75*Fy
Combined Stress Ratio for Simple-Span: S.R. = 0.381 S.R. = fbx/Fbx+fby(total)/Fby Vertical Deflection for Simple-Span: Pv = 6.500 kips D(max) = 0.1094 in. D(ratio) = L/1865 D(allow) = 0.4533 in. Bending Moments for Overhang: Mx = 19.65 ft-kips My = 1.58 ft-kips
Pv = P+Wh+Wt (without vertical impact) D(max) = Pv/2*(L-S)/2/(24*E*I)*(3*L^2-4*((L-S)/2)^2)+5*w/12000*L^4/(384*E*I) D(ratio) = L*12/D(max) D(allow) = L*12/450 Defl.(max) <= Defl.(allow),
Mx = (Pv/2)*(Lo+(Lo-S))+w/1000*Lo^2/2 My = (Ph/2)*(Lo+(Lo-S))
Lateral Flange Bending Moment from Torsion for Overhang: (per USS Steel Design Manual, 1981) e= 6.100 in. e = d/2 (assume horiz. load taken at bot. flange) at = 53.354 at = SQRT(E*Cw/(J*G)) , E=29000 ksi and G=11200 ksi Mt = 1.41 ft-kips Mt = Ph*e*at/(d-tf)*TANH(Lo*12/at)/12 X-axis Stresses for Overhang: fbx = 3.67 ksi Lbo/rt = 63.59 Fbx = 21.60 ksi Y-axis Stresses for Overhang: fby = 1.36 ksi fwns = 2.43 ksi fby(total) = 3.79 ksi Fby = 27.00 ksi Combined Stress Ratio for Overhang: S.R. = 0.310 Vertical Deflection for Overhang: Pv = 6.500 kips D(max) = 0.0554 in. D(ratio) = L/650 D(allow) = 0.0800 in. Bottom Flange Bending (simplified): be = 7.680 in. am = 3.355 in. Mf = 6.207 in.-kips Sf = 0.524 in.^3 fb = 11.84 ksi Fb = 27.00 ksi
fby = My/Sy fwns = Mt*12/(Sy/2) (warping normal stress) fby(total) = fby+fwns Fby = 0.75*Fy
S.R. = fbx/Fbx+fby(total)/Fby (assuming full design load, Pv without impact, at end of overhang) Pv = P+Wh+Wt (without vertical impact) D(max) = Pv*Lo^2*(L+Lo)/(3*E*I)+w/12000*Lo*(4*Lo^2*L-L^3+3*Lo^3)/(24*E*I) D(ratio) = Lo*12/D(max) D(allow) = Lo*12/450 Defl.(max) <= Defl.(allow),
Min. of: be = 12*tf or S*12 (effective flange bending length) am = (bf/2-tw/2)-(k-tf) (where: k-tf = radius of fillet) Mf = Pw*am Sf = be*tf^2/6 fb = Mf/Sf Fb = 0.75*Fy
10 of 14
11/8/2013 8:35 PM
Bottom Flange Bending per CMAA Specification No. 74 (2004): Local Flange Bending Stress @ Point 0: sxo = sxo = Cxo*Pw/ta^2 -8.60 ksi szo = szo = Czo*Pw/ta^2 0.87 ksi Local Flange Bending Stress @ Point 1: sx1 = sx1 = Cx1*Pw/ta^2 2.42 ksi sz1 = sz1 = Cz1*Pw/ta^2 10.47 ksi Local Flange Bending Stress @ Point 2: sx2 = sx2 = -sxo 8.60 ksi sz2 = sz2 = -szo -0.87 ksi Resultant Biaxial Stress @ Point 0: sz = 8.38 ksi sx = -6.45 ksi txz = 0.00 ksi sto = 12.88 ksi Resultant Biaxial Stress @ Point 1: sz = 15.58 ksi sx = 1.81 ksi txz = 0.00 ksi st1 = 14.76 ksi Resultant Biaxial Stress @ Point 2: sz = 7.08 ksi sx = 6.45 ksi txz = 0.00 ksi st2 = 6.78 ksi sz = fbx+fby+0.75*szo sx = 0.75*sxo txz = 0 (assumed negligible) sto = SQRT(sx^2+sz^2-sx*sz+3*txz^2)
tw Pw Z Point 2 X Pw
Point 0 Point 1 bf
tf
11 of 14
11/8/2013 8:35 PM
RR(max)=9,13 Lo=3
ature
+(Lo-S/2))/L+w/1000/(2*L)*(L+Lo)^2 Lo-S/2)/L+w/1000/(2*L)*(L^2-Lo^2)
t end of simple-span)
12 of 14
11/8/2013 8:35 PM
^2)+5*w/12000*L^4/(384*E*I)
2*L-L^3+3*Lo^3)/(24*E*I)
(continued)
13 of 14
11/8/2013 8:35 PM
14 of 14
11/8/2013 8:35 PM