Experiment 1 Identification of System Transfer Function from step response

ME 413 - Microprocessor and Automatic Control Lab Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar

AIM To identify transfer function of the system from its step response. THEORY
Given a system which is described by a transfer function and given an input to the system, determining the output (response) of the system is a standard problem frequently encountered. However many times we have an inverse problem. We may not know the system description and we may need to figure out the transfer function for the system under consideration using the sample of the input and the output to the system. The system under consideration is a first order system. The system consists of a heater used to heat water with a thermistor to measure the water temperature. The Experimentally obtained step response (a typical one) of such a system is shown. The step response can be fitted into a simple first order model with Dead time. The system transfer function is

G(s) = (

Where K = Process gain, = dead time = time constant

Neglecting the dead time the system transfer function can be written as

G(s) = (

The step response of the system can be recorded and used to determine the parameters of the system.

FACLITIES REQUIRED Temperature control System VTCS -02

Observations

ln[(K*(40)-T)/(40*K)] Vs Time(s)
6 ln[(K*(40)-T)/(40*K)] 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 500 Time (s) 1000 1500 y = 0.0041x + 0.2472 R = 0.9696 Series1 Linear (Series1)

Time 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360 390 420 450 480 510 540 570 600 630 660 690

Temp 38 38.8 42 46.4 52.1 57.1 62.7 67.5 71.7 75.4 78.5 81.2 81.3 81.8 83 84.2 85.5 87 88.2 89.1 90.9 91.6 92.5 93.4

ln[(K*(40)-T)/(40*K)] 0.490622916 0.504045937 0.559615788 0.641445806 0.758502362 0.873837416 1.021084515 1.167240795 1.315398539 1.467017572 1.614553013 1.763588592 1.769558759 1.799956236 1.876917278 1.960298887 2.059238834 2.187072206 2.302585093 2.398916202 2.624872695 2.728669488 2.880219386 3.058911175

720 750 780 810 840 870 900 930 960 990 1020

93.7 93.8 94.3 94.7 95.2 95.6 96.1 96.3 96.6 97.1 97.6

3.126352456 3.149882953 3.276634659 3.39104501 3.555348061 3.709498741 3.943113592 4.054339228 4.248495242 4.690327994 5.501258211

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONS The system transfer function was identified from its step response. Delay time for the system was taken 2 seconds Time constant for the system as found from the step response was 250 seconds Open loop characteristics of the system were studied. Temperature control was not able to maintain temperature at desired level due to absemn=nce of feedback.