PART D SUBBASE AND BASE COURSE ITEM 200 AGGREGATE SUBBASE COURSE 200.

0.1 Description This item shall consist of furnishing, placing and compacting an aggregate subbase course on a prepared subgrade in accordance with this Specification and the lines, grades and cross-sections shown on the Plans, or as directed by the Engineer. 200.2 Materia Re!"ire#ents Aggregate for subbase shall consist of hard, durable particles or fragments of crushed stone, crushed slag, or crushed or natural gravel and filler of natural or crushed sand or other finely divided mineral matter. The composite material shall be free from vegetable matter and lumps or balls of clay, and shall be of such nature that it can be compacted readily to form a firm, stable subbase. The subbase material shall conform to Table 2 .!, "rading #e$uirements

Ta$ e 200.1 Gra%in& Re!"ire#ents Sieve %esignation Standard, mm Alternate 'S Standard ( 2) 2( !) ,.( -.+) . 0( 1o. 2 &ass Percent Passing ! (( * +( / * 0( - !2

The fraction passing the . 0( mm 21o. 2 3 sieve shall not be greater than .44 2two thirds3 of the fraction passing the ./2( mm 21o. / 3 sieve. The fraction passing the ./2( mm 21o. / 3 sieve shall have a li$uid limit not greater than -( and plasticity inde5 not greater than !2 as determined by AAS6T7 T +, and T , , respectively. The coarse portion, retained on a 2. mm 21o. ! 3 sieve, shall have a mass percent of wear not e5ceeding ( by the 8os Angeles Abrasion Tests as determined by AAS6T7 T ,4. The material shall have a soa9ed :;# value of not less than 2(< as determined by AAS6T7 T !,-. The :;# value shall be obtained at the ma5imum dry density and determined by AAS6T7 T !+ , &ethod %. 200.' Constr"ction Re!"ire#ents 200.'.1 Preparation o( E)istin& S"r(ace The e5isting surface shall be graded and finished as provided under =tem ! (, Subgrade Preparation, before placing the subbase material. 38

200.'.2 P acin& The aggregate subbase material shall be placed at a uniform mi5ture on a prepared subgrade in a $uantity which will provide the re$uired compacted thic9ness. >hen more than one layer is re$uired, each layer shall be shaped and compacted before the succeeding layer is placed. The placing of material shall begin at the point designated by the Engineer. Placing shall be from vehicles especially e$uipped to distribute the material in a continuous uniform layer or windrow. The layer or windrow shall be of such si?e that when spread and compacted the finished layer be in reasonably close conformity to the nominal thic9ness shown on the Plans. >hen hauling is done over previously placed material, hauling e$uipment shall be dispersed uniformly over the entire surface of the previously constructed layer, to minimi?e rutting or uneven compaction. 200.'.' Sprea%in& an% Co#pactin& >hen uniformly mi5ed, the mi5ture shall be spread to the plan thic9ness, for compaction. >here the re$uired thic9ness is !( mm or less, the material may be spread and compacted in one layer. >here the re$uired thic9ness is more than !( mm, the aggregate subbase shall be spread and compacted in two or more layers of appro5imately e$ual thic9ness, and the ma5imum compacted thic9ness of any layer shall not e5ceed !( mm. All subse$uent layers shall be spread and compacted in a similar manner. The moisture content of subbase material shall, if necessary, be ad@usted prior to compaction by watering with approved sprin9lers mounted on truc9s or by drying out, as re$uired in order to obtain the re$uired compaction. =mmediately following final spreading and smoothening, each layer shall be compacted to the full width by means of approved compaction e$uipment. #olling shall progress gradually from the sides to the center, parallel to the centerline of the road and shall continue until the whole surface has been rolled. Any irregularities or depressions that develop shall be corrected by loosening the material at these places and adding or removing material until surface is smooth and uniform. Along curbs, headers, and walls, and at all places not accessible to the roller, the subbase material shall be compacted thoroughly with approved tampers or compactors. =f the layer of subbase material, or part thereof, does not conform to the re$uired finish, the :ontractor shall, at his own e5pense, ma9e the necessary corrections.

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:ompaction of each layer shall continue until a field density of at least ! percent of the ma5imum dry density determined in accordance with AAS6T7 T !+ , &ethod % has been achieved. =n-place density determination shall be made in accordance with AAS6T7 T !,!. 200.'.* Tria Sections ;efore subbase construction is started, the :ontractor shall spread and compact trial sections as directed by the Engineer. The purpose of the trial sections is to chec9 the suitability of the materials and the efficiency of the e$uipment and construction method which is proposed to be used by the :ontractor. Therefore, the :ontractor must use the same material, e$uipment and procedures that he proposes to use for the main wor9. 7ne trial section of about ( m2 shall be made for every type of material and.or construction e$uipment.procedure proposed for use. After final compaction of each trial section, the :ontractor shall carry out such field density tests and other tests re$uired as directed by the Engineer. =f a trial section shows that the proposed materials, e$uipment or procedures in the EngineerAs opinion are not suitable for subbase, the material shall be removed at the :ontractorAs e5pense, and a new trial section shall be constructed. =f the basic conditions regarding the type of material or procedure change during the e5ecution of the wor9, new trial sections shall be constructed. 200.'.+ To erances Aggregate subbase shall be spread with e$uipment that will provide a uniform layer which when compacted will conform to the designed level and transverse slopes as shown on the Plans. The allowable tolerances shall be as specified hereunderB Permitted variation from design T6=:C1ESS 7D 8AEE# Permitted variation from design 8EGE8 7D S'#DA:E Permitted S'#DA:E =##E"'8A#=TE &easured by --m straight-edge Permitted variation from design :#7SSDA88 7# :A&;E# Permitted variation from design 871"=T'%=1A8 "#A%E over 2( m in length F 2 mm H! mm -2 mm 2 mm F .-<

F .!<

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200.* Met,o% o( Meas"re#ent Aggregate Subbase :ourse will be measured by the cubic meter 2m -3. The $uantity to be paid for shall be the design volume compacted in-place as shown on the Plans, and accepted in the completed course. 1o allowance will be given for materials placed outside the design limits shown on the crosssections. Trial sections shall not be measured separately but shall be included in the $uantity of subbase herein measured. 200.+ Basis o( Pa-#ent The accepted $uantities, measured as prescribed in Section 2 ./, shall be paid for at the contract unit price for Aggregate Subbase :ourse which price and payment shall be full compensation for furnishings and placing all materials, including all labor, e$uipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete the wor9 prescribed in this =tem. Payment will be made underB Pay =tem 1umber 2 %escription Aggregate Subbase :ourse 'nit of &easurement :ubic &eter

ITEM 201 AGGREGATE BASE COURSE 201.1 Description This =tem shall consist of furnishing, placing and compacting an aggregate base course on a prepared subgrade.subbase in accordance with this Specificaton and the lines, grades, thic9ness and typical cross-sections shown on the Plans, or as established by the Engineer. 201.2 Materia Re!"ire#ents Aggregate for base course shall consist of hard, durable particles or fragments of crushed stone, crushed slag or crushed or natural gravel and filler of natural or crushed sand or other finely divided mineral matter. The composite material shall be free from vegetable matter and lumps or balls of clay, and shall be of such nature that it can be compacted readily to form a firm, stable base. =n some areas where the conventional base course materials are scarce or non-available, the use of / < weathered limestone blended with 4 < crushed stones or gravel shall be allowed, provided that the blended materials meet the re$uirements of this =tem. The base course material shall conform to Table 2 !.!, whichever is called for in the ;ill of Iuantities 41

Ta$ e 201.1 Gra%in& Re!"ire#ents Sieve %esignation Standard, mm Alternate 'S Standard ( 2) -0.( !-!.2) 2(. !) !,. J) !2.( K) /.0( 1o. / ./2( 1o. / . 0( 1o. 2 &ass Percent Passing "rading A "rading ; ! ! 4 * +( 4 * +( -( * 4( 2 *( - * (( (*2 + * 2( * !2 2 * !/

The fraction passing the . 0( mm 21o. 2 3 sieve shall not be greater than .44 2two thirds3 of the fraction passing the ./2( mm 21o. / 3 sieve. The fraction passing the ./2( mm 21o. / 3 sieve shall have a li$uid limit not greater than 2( and plasticity inde5 not greater than 4 as determined by AAS6T7 T +, and T , , respectively. The coarse portion, retained on a 2. mm 21o. ! 3 sieve shall have a mass percent of wear not e5ceeding ( by the 8os Angeles Abrasion test determined by AAS6T7 T ,4. The material passing the !, mm 2-./ inch3 sieve shall have a soa9ed :;# value of not less than + < as determined by AAS6T7 T !,-. The :;# value shall be obtained at the ma5imum dry density 2&%%3 as determined by AAS6T7 T !+ , &ethod %. =f filler, in addition to that naturally present, is necessary for meeting the grading re$uirements or for satisfactory bonding, it shall be uniformly blended with the base course material on the road or in a pugmill unless otherwise specified or approved. Diller shall be ta9en from sources approved by the Engineer, shall be free from hard lumps and shall not contain more than !( percent of material retained on the /.0( mm 21o. /3 sieve. 201.' Constr"ction Re!"ire#ents 201.'.1 Preparation o( E)istin& S"r(ace

The e5isting surface shall be graded and finished as provided under =tem ! (, Subgrade Preparation, before placing the base material. 201.'.2 P acin& =t shall be in accordance with all the re$uirements of Subsection 2 Placing. .-.2,

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201.'.' Sprea%in& an% Co#pactin& =t shall be in accordance with all the re$uirements of Subsection 2 Spreading and :ompacting. 201.'.* Tria Sections Trial sections shall conform in all respects to the re$uirements specified in Subsection 2 .-./. 201.'.+ To erances The aggregate base course shall be laid to the designed level and transverse slopes shown on the Plans. The allowable tolerances shall be in accordance with followingB Permitted variation from design T6=:C1ESS 7D 8AEE# Permitted variation from design 8EGE8 7D S'#DA:E Permitted S'#DA:E =##E"'8A#=TE &easured by --m straight-edge Permitted variation from design :#7SSDA88 7# :A&;E# Permitted variation from design 871"=T'%=1A8 "#A%E over 2( m in length 201.* Met,o% o( Meas"re#ent Aggregate ;ase :ourse will be measured by the cubic meter 2m -3. The $uantity to be paid for shall be the design volume compacted in-place as shown on the Plans, and accepted in the completed base course. 1o allowance shall be given for materials placed outside the design limits shown on the crosssections. Trial sections shall not be measured separately but shall be included in the $uantity of aggregate base course. 201.+ Basis o( Pa-#ent The accepted $uantities, measured as prescribed in Section 2 !./, shall be paid for at the contract unit price for Aggregate ;ase :ourse which price and payment shall be full compensation for furnishing and placing all materials, including all labor, e$uipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete the wor9 prescribed in this =tem. F ! mm H ( mm -! mm ( mm F .2< F .!< .-.-,

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Payment will be made underB Pay =tem 1umber 2 ! %escription Aggregate ;ase :ourse 'nit of &easurement :ubic &eter

ITEM 202 CRUS.ED AGGREGATE BASE COURSE 202.1 Description This =tem shall consist of furnishing, placing and compacting crushed gravel, crushed stone or crushed roc9 on a prepared subgrade.subbase in one or more layers in accordance with this Specification and lines, grades, thic9ness and typical cross-sections shown on the Plans or as established by the Engineer. 202.2 Materia Re!"ire#ents 202.2.1 Cr"s,e% A&&re&ate

=t shall consist of hard, durable particles or fragments of stone or gravel crushed to the si?e and of the $uality re$uirements of this =tem. =t shall be clean and free from vegetable matters, lumps or balls of clay and other deleterious substances. The material shall be of such nature that it can be compacted readily to form a firm, stable base. The base material shall conform to the grading re$uirements of Table 2 2.!, whichever is called for in the ;ill of Iuantities. Ta$ e 201.1 Gra%in& Re!"ire#ents Sieve %esignation Standard, mm Alternate 'S Standard -0.( !-!.2) 2( !) !, J) !2.( K) /.0( 1o. / ./2( 1o. / . 0( 1o. 2 &ass Percent Passing "rading A "rading ; ! ! 4 * +( 4 *, - * (( -( * 4( + * 2( ! *2 - !/ ( * !(

The portion of the material passing the . 0( mm 21o. 2 3 sieve shall not be greater than .44 2two thirds3 of the fraction passing the ./2( mm 21o. / 3 sieve. The portion of the material passing the ./2( mm 21o. / 3 sieve shall have a li$uid limit of not more than 2( and a plasticity inde5 of not more than 4 as determined by AAS6T7 T +, and T , , respectively. 44

The coarse aggregate retained on a 2. mm 21o. ! 3 sieve shall have a mass percent of wear not e5ceeding /( by the 8os Angeles Abrasion Test as determined by AAS6T7 T ,4, and not less than ( mass percent shall have at least one 2!3 fractured face. The material passing the !, mm 2-./ inch3 sieve shall have a minimum soa9ed :;#-value of + < tested according to AAS6T7 T !,-. The :;#-value shall be obtained at the ma5imum dry density determined according to AAS6T7 T !+ , &ethod %. =f filler, in addition to that naturally present, is necessary for meeting the grading re$uirements or for satisfactory bonding, it shall be uniformly blended with the crushed base course material on the road or in a pugmill unless otherwise specified or approved. Diller shall be obtained from sources approved by the Engineer, free from hard lumps and not contain more than !( percent of material retained on the /.0( mm 21o. /3 sieve. 202.' Constr"ction Re!"ire#ents Same as Subsections 2 !.-.! through 2 !.-.(. 202.* Met,o% o( Meas"re#ent :rushed Aggregate ;ase :ourse will be measured by the cubic meter 2m 3. The $uantity to be paid for shall be the design volume compacted in-place as shown on the Plans, and accepted in the completed course. 1o allowance shall be given for materials placed outside the design limits shown on the crosssections. Trial sections shall not be measured separately but shall be included in the $uantity of crushed aggregate base course.
-

202.+ Basis o( Pa-#ent The accepted $uantities, measured as prescribed in Section 2 2./, shall be paid for at the contract unit price for :rushed Aggregate ;ase :ourse which price and payment shall be full compensation for furnishing and placing all materials, including all labor, e$uipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete the wor9 prescribed in this =tem. Payment will be made underB Pay =tem 1umber 2 2 %escription :rushed Aggregate ;ase :ourse 'nit of &easurement :ubic &eter

ITEM 20' /IME STABI/I0ED ROAD MI1 BASE COURSE

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20'.1 Description This =tem shall consist of a foundation for surface course composed of soil aggregate, lime and water in proper proportions, road-mi5ed and constructed on a prepared subgrade.subbase in accordance with this Specification and the lines, grades and typical cross-sections shown on the Plans or established by the Engineer. 20'.2 Materia Re!"ire#ents 20'.2.1 Soi A&&re&ate =t shall consist of any combination of gravel, sand, silt and clay or other approved combination of materials free from vegetable or other ob@ectionable matter. =t may be materials encountered in the construction site or materials obtained from approved sources. The crushed or uncrushed granular material shall consist of hard, durable stones and roc9s, of accepted $uality, free from an e5cess of flat, elongated, soft or disintegrated pieces or other ob@ectionable matter. =t is the intent of this Specification to utili?e soils e5isting on the roadbed if the $uality is satisfactory. =f the $uality and.or $uantity is deficient, the soil aggregate shall be obtained wholly or partly from approved outside sources. The soil-aggregate shall conform to the grading re$uirements of Table 2 -. !. Ta$ e 20'.1 Gra%in& Re!"ire#ents Sieve %esignation Standard, mm Alternate 'S Standard ( 2) /.0( 1o. / 2. 1o. ! ./2( 1o. / . 0( 1o. 2 &ass Percent Passing "rading A "rading ; ! ! /( * ! (( * ! -0 * + /( * ! !( * 2 2( * + * 2( !! * -(

The materials passing the /.0( mm 21o. /3 sieve produced in the crushing operation of either stone or gravel shall be incorporated in the base material to the e5tent permitted by the gradation re$uirements. The plasticity inde5 shall not be less than / nor more than ! . The aggregate shall have a mass percent of wear not e5ceeding ( determined by AAS6T7 &ethod T ,4. 20'.2.1.1 Ne2 Soi 3A&&re&ate =t shall conform to the applicable re$uirements of Subsection 2 -.2.!, Soil Aggregate. 20'.2.1.2 Sa 4a&e% Soi 3A&&re&ate as

46

>here soil-aggregate re$uired is already in place, the :ontractor shall not be responsible for its grading or $uality e5cept for removal of oversi?ed materials as directed by the Engineer. =n general, salvaged soil-aggregate to be used for lime stabili?ed road mi5 base course will consist of material meeting the re$uirements given in Subsection 2 -.2.!, Soil Aggregate. 20'.2.2 .-%rate% /i#e =t shall conform to the re$uirements of =tem 0 !, :onstruction 8ime. 20'.2.' 5ater =t shall conform to the re$uirements of =tem 0!/, >ater 20'.2.* Proportionin& o( Mi)t"re The amount of lime to be added to the soil-aggregate shall be from - to !2 mass percent of the dry soil. The e5act percentage to be added shall be fi5ed by the Engineer on the basis of preliminary laboratory tests and trial mi5es of materials furnished. 20'.2.+ Stren&t, Re!"ire#ents :;# Test for "ravelly Soils. The mi5ture passing the !, mm 2-./ inch3 sieve shall have a minimum soa9ed :;#-value of ! < tested according to AAS6T7 T !,-. The :;#-value shall be obtained at the ma5imum dry density determined according to AAS6T7 T !+ , &ethod %. 'nconfined :ompression Test for Diner Te5tured Soils. The 0-day compressive strength of laboratory specimen molded and compacted in accordance with AST& % !4-2 to a density of ! < of ma5imum dry density determined according to AAS6T7 T !-/, &ethod ;, shall not be less than 2.! &Pa 2- psi3 when tested in accordance with AST& % !4--. 20'.' Constr"ction Re!"ire#ents 20'.'.1 5eat,er /i#itations

8ime shall not be applied during windy, rainy or impending bad weather. =n the event rain occurs during the operations, wor9 shall be promptly stopped and the entire section shall be reconstructed in accordance with this Specification. 20'.'.2 Constr"ction E!"ip#ent

The e$uipment to be used by the :ontractor shall include scarifying, pulveri?ing, mi5ing, spreading, hauling, watering, finishing and compacting e$uipment and a slurry lime distributor. %istributor e$uipment shall include a tachometer pressure gauge, accurate volume measuring devices or a calibrated tan9. =t shall be e$uipped with a

47

power unit for the pump and full circulation spray bars ad@ustable laterally and vertically, as well as agitator to prevent setting of lime solids. These e$uipment shall be on the pro@ect site in good condition and shall have been approved by the Engineer, both as to type and condition, and provided with e5perienced operators before the start of construction. 20'.'.' !. Preparation o( Soi 3A&&re&ate :ase ! 21ew Soil-Aggregate3 >hen new soil-aggregate is to be used, the e5isting roadbed shall be scarified lightly and bladed to uniform grade and to the crosssection shown on the Plans and shall then be rolled or watered and rolled, as directed. =f so ordered by the Engineer, depressions shall first be filled and wea9 portions of the roadbed strengthened with new soil-aggregate. At least one day shall then be allowed for measuring, sampling and testing for approval of $uantity and gradation before the windrow is spread for application of hydrated lime. =f the surface moisture of the soil-aggregate is more than 2 mass percent of the dry aggregate, the soil aggregate shall be turned by blades or disc harrows or otherwise aerated until the moisture content is reduced to 2 percent or less. The soil-aggregate shall then be spread smoothly and uniformly over half the road or other convenient width of the surface ready for the application of hydrated lime. 2. :ase 2 2Salvaged Soil-Aggregate3 >hen material in the e5isting roadbed is to be used for mi5ing, the surface shall be scarified lightly and bladed to uniform grade and to the cross-section shown on the Plans. The reshaped surface shall then be scarified again to the depth ordered by the Engineer and in such manner as to leave a foundation of undisturbed material parallel, both in profile and cross-section, the proposed finished surface. The loosened materials shall be bladed aside into a windrow at the side of the road, and the undisturbed material roiled, or watered and rolled, as directed. 20'.'.* App ication o( /i#e The hydrated lime shall be uniformly spread at specified percent using either the dry or slurry 2wet3 methods. =t shall be distributed in successive applications, in such amount and at such intervals as directed. The mi5ing e$uipment shall follow immediately behind the distributor, after each application to partially mi5 the lime with the soil-aggregate. %ry lime should not be spread under windy conditions to avoid e5cessive dustings. =t shall be applied only to such areas as can be mi5ed into the soilaggregate during the day of application. %ry application encompass either spotting bags of lime in e$ual predetermined transverse and longitudinal intervals 48

or applying bul9 lime from suitably e$uipped self-unloading truc9s. An approved spreader is preferable for uniform distribution. =f lime slurry is employed, the preparation facilities should be approved by the Engineer. A typical slurry ratio is ! tonne lime to 2 cubic metre water. The actual mi5ing proportion depends upon the percent of lime, specified type of soil and its moisture condition. The slurry is distributed by one or more passes over a measured area until the specified percentage 2based on lime solids content3 is obtained. To prevent run-off and conse$uent non-uniformity of lime distribution, the slurry is mi5ed in immediately after each spreading pass. 20'.'.+ Mi)in& After the last lime application and partial mi5ing, the entire mass of the mi5ture shall be windrowed on the road surface and then mi5ed by blading the mi5ture from side to side of the road, or by manipulation producing e$uivalent results, until the whole mass has a uniform color and the mi5ture is free from fat or lean spots or balls of unmi5ed particles. %uring the mi5ing operations, care shall be ta9en to avoid cutting into the underlying course. >hen directed, the mi5ing process shall be confined to part of the width or area of the road so as to allow traffic to pass. Should the mi5ture show an e5cess, deficiency or uneven distribution of lime, the condition shall be corrected by the addition of soil-aggregate or lime as re$uired and then remi5. =f the mi5ture contains e5cessive amounts of moisture or volatile matter, as may be encountered in slurry application method, it shall be bladed, aerated or otherwise manipulated until the moisture and volatile content are satisfactory. The spreading of the mi5 shall not be done when the surface to be covered is in an unsatisfactory condition. At the end of each dayAs wor9, or when the wor9 is interrupted by weather conditions or otherwise, all loose materials, shall be bladed into a windrow, whether mi5ing is completed or not, and shall be retained in a windrow until operations are resumed. >hen the mi5ing operations have been satisfactorily completed, the mi5ture shall be formed into a windrow of uniform cross-section. 20'.'.6 Sprea%in&7 Co#pactin& an% 8inis,in& The material shall be spread by a self-propelled pneumatic-tire blade grader or a mechanical spreader of approved type. =n spreading from the windrow, care shall be ta9en to avoid cutting into the underlying course. After the material is spread, the surface shall be rolled. #olling shall be parallel to the road center line and shall commence at the outer edges of the road, overlapping the shoulders and progress toward the center, overlapping on successive passes by at least one-half the width of the roller, e5cept that on superelevated curves rolling shall progress from the lower to the upper edge. Each pass shall terminate at least ,! mm 2- ft3 in advance or to the rear of the end of the preceding pass. %uring compaction, the surface shall be dragged or 49

bladed as necessary to fill ruts and to remove incipient corrugation or other irregularities. #olling shall continue until the surface is of uniform te5ture and satisfactory compaction is obtained. =nitial rolling shall be performed with a pneumatic tire roller and final rolling with a --wheel or tandem-type steel wheel roller. #olling shall be discontinued whenever it begins to produce e5cessive pulveri?ing of the aggregate or displacement of the mi5ture. >hen the compacted thic9ness of the road mi5 lime stabili?ed base course is to be more than !( mm, the mi5ture shall be spread from the windrow and compacted in two 223 appro5imately e$ual layers, the first layer to be bladed and rolled before the second layer is spread. :ompaction shall continue until a field density of not less than ! < of the compacted ma5imum dry density determined in accordance with AAS6T7 T !+ , &ethod % has been attained. Dield %ensity test shall be in accordance with AAS6T7 T !,!. 20'.'.9 Protection7 C"rin& an% Maintenance After the lime-stabili?ed base course has been finished as specified herein, the surface shall be protected against rapid drying for a period of at least five 2(3 days by either of the following curing methodsB !. 2. -. /. &aintain in a thorough and continuously moist condition by sprin9ling with water. :over the completed surface with a ( mm layer of earth or sand and maintain in moist condition. Apply on the surface an asphalt membrane of the type and $uantity approved by the Engineer. Apply on the surface a li$uid membrane curing compound of the type and $uantity approved by the Engineer.

The :ontractor shall be re$uired to maintain at his own e5pense the entire wor9 within the limits of his :ontract in good condition satisfactory to the Engineer from the time he first started wor9 until all wor9 shall have been completed. &aintenance shall include immediate repairs of any defects that may occur before and after the lime-stabili?ed base course has been compacted and finished, which wor9 shall be done by the :ontractor at his own e5pense and repeated as may be necessary to 9eep the base continuously intact. 20'.'.: Tria Sections Trial sections of the stabili?ed base shall be constructed at least 2 wee9s before actual base construction. These shall conform to the applicable re$uirements of Subsections 2 .-./, Trial Sections. 20'.'.; To erances

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The stabili?ed base course shall be laid to the designed level and transverse slopes shown on the Plans. The allowable tolerances shall be in accordance with Subsection 2 !.-.(, Tolerance. 20'.'.10 Tra((ic The :ontractor will not be permitted to drive heavy e$uipment over completed portions prior to the end of five 2(3 days curing period e5cept pneumatic-tired e$uipment re$uired for constructing ad@oining sections. Turning areas on completed portions of the base shall be protected by a layer of stable granular materials of not less than ( mm of compacted depth. 20'.* Met,o% o( Meas"re#ent 8ime Stabili?ed #oad &i5 base :ourse will be measured by the cubic meter 2m-3. The $uantity to be paid for shall be the design volume compacted in place as shown on the Plans, and accepted in the completed course. 1o allowance shall be given for materials placed outside the design limits shown on the cross-sections. Trial sections shall not be measured separately but shall be included in the $uantity of lime stabili?ed road mi5 base course. 20'.+ Basis o( Pa-#ent The accepted $uantities, measured as prescribed in Section 2 -./, shall be paid for at the contract unit price for 8ime Stabili?ed #oad &i5 ;ase :ourse which price and payment shall be full compensation for furnishing and placing all materials, including all labor, e$uipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete the wor9 prescribed in this =tem. Payment will be made underB

Pay =tem 1umber 2 -

%escription 8ime Stabili?ed #oad &i5 ;ase :ourse, 21ew or Salvaged3 Soil-Aggregate

'nit of &easurement :ubic &eter

ITEM 20* PORT/AND CEMENT STABI/I0ED ROAD MI1 BASE COURSE 20*.1 Description This =tem shall consist of a foundation for surface source composed of soilaggregate, Portland :ement and water in proper proportions, road-mi5ed and constructed on a prepared subgrade.subbase in accordance with this Specification and the lines, grades and typical cross-sections shown on the Plans or as established by the Engineer. 51

20*.2 Materia Re!"ire#ents 20*.2.1 Soi A&&re&ate =t shall conform to the grading and $uality re$uirements of Subsection 2 -.2.!. 20*.2.2 Port an% Ce#ent =t shall conform to the re$uirements of =tem 0 20*.2.' 5ater =t shall conform to the re$uirements of =tem 0!/, >ater. 20*.2.* Proportionin& o( Mi)t"re The amount of cement to be added to the soil-aggregate shall be from 4 to ! mass percent of the dry soil. The e5act percentage to be added shall be fi5ed by the Engineer on the basis of preliminary laboratory tests and trial mi5es of the materials furnished by the :ontractor. 20*.2.+ Stren&t, Re!"ire#ents Strength re$uirements shall conform in all respects to those specified in Subsection 2 -.2.(. 20*.' Constr"ction Re!"ire#ents :onstruction re$uirements and procedures shall be as prescribed under Subsections 2 -.-.! through 2 -.-.! . =n all cases, the word )lime) shall be deleted and replaced with LPortland :ement). 20*.* Met,o% o( Meas"re#ent Portland :ement Stabili?ed #oad &i5 ;ase :ourse will be measured by the cubic meter 2m-3. The $uantity to be paid for shall be the design volume compacted in-place as shown on the Plans, and accepted in the completed course. 1o allowance shall be given for materials placed outside the design limits shown on the cross-sections. Trial sections shall not be measured separately but shall be included in the $uantity of Portland :ement Stabili?ed #oad &i5 ;ase :ourse. 20*.+ Basis o( Pa-#ent The accepted $uantities, measured as prescribed, in Section 2 /./, shall be paid for at the contract unit price for Portland :ement stabili?ed #oad &i5 ;ase :ourse which price and payment shall be full compensation for furnishing and placing all materials, including all labor, e$uipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete the wor9 prescribed in this =tem. 52 , 6ydraulic :ement.

Payment will be made underB Pay =tem 1umber 2 / %escription Portland :ement Stabili?ed #oad &i5 ;ase :ourse, 21ew or Salvaged3 Soil-Aggregate :ubic meter 'nit of &easurement

Ite# 20+ ASP.A/T STABI/I0ED ROAD MI1 BASE COURSE 20+.1 Description This =tem shall consist of a foundation for surface course, composed of soil-aggregate and asphaltic material in proper proportions, road mi5ed and constructed on a prepared subgrade.subbase in accordance with this Specification and the lines, grades and typical cross-sections shown on the Plans or established by the Engineer. 20+.2 Materia Re!"ire#ents 20+.2.1 Soi 3A&&re&ates =t shall conform to the applicable re$uirements of =tem 0 -, Aggregates, "radation A or ; shall be used. 20+.2.2 Asp,a tic Materia Asphaltic material shall be Anionic or :ationic Emulsified Asphalt of the slow setting type meeting the re$uirements of =tem 0 2, ;ituminous &aterials, Emulsified Asphalt. 20+.2.' Proportionin& o( Mi)t"re The amount of asphaltic material to be added to the soil-aggregate shall be from / to 0 mass percent of the dry soil-aggregate. The e5act percentage to be used shall be fi5ed by the Engineer on the basis of preliminary laboratory tests and trial mi5es of the materials furnished by the :ontractor. 20+.2.* Stren&t, Re!"ire#ents Strength re$uirements shall conform in all respects to those specified in Subsection 2 -.2.(. 20+.' Constr"ction Re!"ire#ents

53

:onstruction re$uirements and procedures shall be as prescribed under Subsections - 4.-.! through - 4.-.0. =n all cases, the word Laggregate) shall be deleted and replaced by Lsoil-aggregate). 2 Trial Sections shall conform to the applicable re$uirements of Subsection .-./. The allowable tolerances shall be in accordance with Subsection 2 !.-.(. 20+.* Met,o% o( Meas"re#ent Asphalt Stabili?ed #oad &i5 ;ase :ourse will be measured by the cubic meter 2m-3. The $uantity to be paid for shall be the design volume compacted in place as shown on the Plans, accepted in the completed course. 1o allowance shall be given for materials placed outside the design limits shown on the crosssections. Trial sections shall not be measured separately but shall be included in the $uantity of Asphalt stabili?ed #oad &i5 ;ase :ourse. 20+.+ Basis o( Pa-#ent The accepted $uantities, measured as prescribed in Section 2 (./, shall be paid for at the contract unit price for Asphalt Stabili?ed #oad &i5 ;ase :ourse which price and payment shall be full compensation for furnishing and placing all materials including all labor, e$uipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete the prescribed wor9 in this =tem. Payment will be made underB

Pay =tem 1umber 2 (

%escription Asphalt Stabili?ed #oad &i5 ;ase :ourse, 21ew or Salvaged3 Soil-Aggregate

'nit of &easurement :ubic &eter

ITEM 206 PORT/AND CEMENT TREATED P/ANT MI1 BASE COURSE 206.1 Description This =tem shall consist of a foundation for surface course composed of aggregate, Portland :ement and water in proper proportions, mi5ed by a travel plant or in a central plant and spread and compacted on a prepared subgrade.subbase in one or more layers, in accordance with this Specification and the lines, grades, thic9ness and typical cross-sections shown on the Plans or as established by the Engineer.

54

206.2 Materia Re!"ire#ents Same as Subsections 2 /.2.! through 2 /.2.( 206.' Constr"ction Re!"ire#ents 206.'.1 5eat,er /i#itations

Portland :ement shall not be applied during windy, rainy or impending bad weather. =n the event rain occurs, wor9 shall be promptly stopped and the entire section shall be reconstructed in accordance with this Specification. 206.'.2 Tra4e P ant Met,o% The salvaged or new soil-aggregate shall be pulveri?ed until at least + mass percent of all material other than stone or gravel will pass a /.0( mm 21o. /3 sieve. Any material retained on a ( mm 22 inches3 sieve and other unsuitable material shall be removed. =f additional material is specified, it shall be blended with the e5isting material. All butt @oints at e5isting pavements or other structures shall be cleaned prior to mi5ing. The subgrade.subbase shall support all e$uipment re$uired in the construction of the base course. Soft or yielding areas shall be corrected prior to mi5ing. The soil-aggregate to be treated shall be placed in a uniform windrow and spread to a uniform thic9ness to the re$uired width. The specified $uantity of Portland :ement shall be applied uniformly in a trench on top of the windrows or spread uniformly over the soil-aggregate. Spread cement that has been lost shall be replaced, without additional compensation, before mi5ing is started. &i5ing shall be accomplished by means of a mi5er that will thoroughly blend the cement with the soil-aggregate. The mi5er shall be e$uipped with a water metering device that will introduce the re$uired $uantity of water during the mi5ing cycle. The cement soil-aggregate mi5ture shall be sufficiently blended to prevent the formation of cement balls when water is applied. A ma5imum time of 2 hours shall be permitted for wet mi5ing, laydown, and finishing when this method is used. 206.'.' Centra P ant Met,o% The soil-aggregate shall be proportioned and mi5ed with cement and water in a central mi5ing plant. The plant shall be e$uipped with feeding and metering devices which will introduce the cement, soil-aggregate, and water into the mi5er in the $uantities specified. &i5ing shall continue until a uniform mi5ture has been obtained. 206.'.* Sprea%in&7 Co#pactin& an% 8inis,in& 55

The mi5ture shall be spread on a prepared and moistened subgrade.subbase in a uniform layer by an approved e$uipment. 1ot more than 4 minutes shall elapse between the start of mi5ing and the time of starting compaction of the spread mi5ture. After spreading, the mi5ture shall be compacted and finished conforming to the procedures.re$uirements specified under Subsection 2 -.-.4, Spreading, :ompacting and Dinishing. The compaction and finishing shall be completed within 2 hours of the time water is added to the mi5ture. 206.'.+ Protection7 C"rin& an% Maintenance The completed cement treated base shall be cured with a bituminous curing seal applied as soon as possible after the completion of final rolling. The surface shall be 9ept moist until the seal is applied. The rate of application shall be between .( 8.m 2 to !. 8.m2 of surface. The e5act rate will be determined by the Engineer. :uring seal will be applied in sufficient $uantity to provide a continuous film over the base. The film shall be maintained at least ( days unless the treated base is protected by a subse$uent course. The :ontractor shall be responsible for ade$uate maintenance of the base at all times as specified under Subsection 2 -.-.0, Protection, :uring and &aintenance. 206.'.6 Tria Sections Same as Subsection 2 -.-.+. 206.'.9 To erances Same as Subsection 2 -.-.,. 206.'.: Tra((ic Same as Subsection 2 -.-.! . 206.* Met,o% o( Meas"re#ent Portland :ement Treated Plant &i5 ;ase :ourse will be measured by the cubic meter 2m-3. The $uantity to be paid for shall be the design volume compacted in-place as shown on the Plans, accepted in the completed course. 1o allowance shall be given for materials placed outside the design limits shown on the cross-sections. Trial sections shall not be measured separately but shall be included in the $uantity of Portland :ement Treated Plant &i5 ;ase :ourse. 206.+ Basis o( Pa-#ent 56

The accepted $uantities, measured as prescribed in Section 2 4./, shall be paid for at the contract unit price for Portland :ement Treated Plant &i5 ;ase :ourse which price and payment shall be full compensation for furnishing and placing all materials, including all labor, e$uipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete the wor9 prescribed in this =tem. Payment will be made underB Pay =tem 1umber 2 4 %escription Portland :ement treated Plant &i5 :ourse, 21ew or Salvaged3 Soil-Aggregate 'nit of &easurement :ubic &eter

ITEM 209 AGGREGATE STOC<PI/E 209.1 Description This =tem shall consist of furnishing and placing aggregate in stoc9piles at locations shown on the Plans or as directed and approved by the Engineer. 209.2 Materia Re!"ire#ents The aggregate shall conform to all re$uirements of the specified =tem 1o. of the Specifications. =t shall be tested for acceptance at the source. 209.' Constr"ction Re!"ire#ents The stoc9pile area, as sta9ed by the Engineer, shall be graded, shaped and compacted to a uniform cross-section that will drain satisfactorily. The entire area shall be compacted with a minimum of three completed passes of the approved e$uipment. The stoc9piling and handling of aggregates shall be in accordance with clauses 4( and 44, Part 6 :ontrol of &aterials of the latest %P>6 Standard Specifications, Golume =, #e$uirements and :onditions of :ontract.

209.* Met,o% o( Meas"re#ent The $uantity of aggregate to be paid for will be the number of cubic meters as ordered and placed in authori?ed stoc9piles. The stoc9piles shall be 57

measured and computed by the average end-area method. 1o allowance will be made for settlement or shrin9age. 209.+ Basis o( Pa-#ent The accepted $uantities, measured as prescribed in Section 2 0./, shall be paid for at the contract unit price for Aggregate Stoc9pile, which price and payment shall be full compensation for furnishing and stoc9piling the aggregate, including all labor, e$uipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete the wor9 prescribed in this =tem. Payment will be made underB Pay =tem 1umber 2 0 %escription Aggregate Stoc9pile 'nit of &easurement :ubic &eter

58