Slender Columns

Monday, November 26, 2012

Definition
P

Slender columns are those subject to buckling that produces additional moment resulting in significant reduction of column capacity.

Madd = P.

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Monday, November 26, 2012

Definition
P P

If the column is unbraced, i.e. both ends can move relative to each other, then the additional moment is greater.
P

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Unbraced
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Monday, November 26, 2012

Braced and Unbraced Structures

When the structure contains members to resist side-sway (lateral forces) then it is a braced structure.

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Monday, November 26, 2012

Braced and Unbraced Structures

When the structure does not contain members to resist side-sway (lateral forces) then it is an unbraced structure.

Monday, November 26, 2012

RC Design 2 - Dr. Hany Nessim 5

Braced and Unbraced Structures

According to ECP 203 Bracing of RC structures is usually provided by shear walls or cores. A building without shear walls or cores is considered an unbraced structures. A building with a shear wall or a core is considered braced only if
= Hb x

RC Design 2 - Dr. Hany Nessim

N EI

< 0.60

for n 4

< 0.20 + 0.1n for n < 4

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Monday, November 26, 2012

Braced and Unbraced Structures

= Hb x

RC Design 2 - Dr. Hany Nessim

N EI

< 0.60

for n 4

< 0.20 + 0.1n for n < 4

Hb = Total height of the building (m) N = Sum of all unfactored vertical loads EI = Sum of EI for all vertical stiffening elements n = number of stories E = 4400 fcu

Monday, November 26, 2012

Examples

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c ra b Un

ed

re u t c ru St

Monday, November 26, 2012

Examples
Stiff shear walls

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i on t c e dir i on t c Y ire in d d e Xac n r i b ed Un ac r B &

X

Monday, November 26, 2012

Examples
Stiff shear walls

RC Design 2 - Dr. Hany Nessim

ac Br
X

ed

in

&

ion t c e dir

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Monday, November 26, 2012

Examples
Stiff shear walls Core

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m ste y s S on i re t o C rec i + d l al Y w & r X ea in Sh ced a Br

X

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Monday, November 26, 2012

Slenderness Ratio;
Is the ratio between the effective length of the column and its cross sectional dimensions in the direction under consideration.
b =
He b or i = He i

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He = k.Ho Ho = unsupported (clear) length of the column b-column dimension in the direction of study
i = I
g

Ag

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Monday, November 26, 2012

Limitations
Columns are considered short columns (not slender) when is less than values of the following table

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Column Status Braced Unbraced

b or t 15 10

D 12 8

i 50 35

Columns are considered slender when is greater than values in the above table BUT less than the values in the following table

Column Status Braced Unbraced

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b 30 23

D 25 18

i 100 70

Monday, November 26, 2012

Effective Height of Columns

According to the support Condition at each end of The column, the value of k Is determined, hence, He

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Ho

Case1 Column is connected to a beam with a depth

column dimension in this direction than the column dimension. prevent rotation.

Case2 Column is connected to a slab or a beam shallower Case3 Column is connected to an element that cannot
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Case4 Column end is free

Monday, November 26, 2012

Values of k
k = He/Ho for Braced columns

End condition at top End condition at bottom Case1 Case2 Case3

k = He/Ho for Unbraced columns

Case1 0.75 0.80 0.90

Case2 0.80 0.85 0.95

Case3 0.90 0.95 1.00

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End condition at top End condition at bottom Case1 Case2 Case3

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Case1 1.20 1.30 1.60 2.20

Case2 1.30 1.50 1.80 --

Case3 1.60 1.80 ---

Case4

Monday, November 26, 2012

Calculating Additional Moment

For Braced Columns Calculate column deflection,
=
2 .b b

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2000 2 .D = D 2000

or

t2 .t
2000

rectangular columns circular columns

Calculate additional moment, Madd Madd = P.

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Monday, November 26, 2012

Design of Slender Braced Columns

Design for the greatest moment of: M2 M1 + Madd/2 Mi + Madd/2 Pu.emin Where: Mi = 0.4M1+0.6M2 0.4M2 M2>M1 M1 has a negative sign if it is at the other side of the column.
M2 Mi

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M1 M2 Mi

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M1

Monday, November 26, 2012

Calculating Additional Moment

For UnBraced Columns Calculate column deflection, Calculate average deflection per story, av
av =

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18

Where: N; total number of columns in a story Neglect > 2av Calculate additional moment, Madd Madd = P.av

Monday, November 26, 2012

Design of Slender UnBraced Columns

Design for the greater moment of: M2 + Madd Pu.emin

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M2

Mi

M1

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Monday, November 26, 2012

Minimum Reinforcement
Minimum reinforcement ratio is: min = 0.25 + 0.015i or min = 0.25 + 0.052b rectangular section

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Example

Monday, November 26, 2012

Example1
Design an RC rectangular column in a ground floor of a braced multistory building, knowing that: Column is connected to a beam with section (20x60)cm in both directions. Pu = 1500kN b = 250mm & Ho = 4.50m fcu = 30N/mm2 & st. 360/520

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250mm

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Monday, November 26, 2012

Example1

Example1

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Monday, November 26, 2012

Example1

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