Assignment 4 Derivation of the RANS equations

Computational Fluid Dynamics - TMMV08 Jonas Lantz

Introduction
The Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations are, together with a suitable turbulence model, commonly used when calculating turbulent ows in engineering applications. A ow variable is decomposed into a time-averaged (denoted with an overbar) and a uctuating component (decomponent noted with a prime) as: (x, t) = (x) + (x, t) (1)

where x = (x, y, z ) and t time. Then, a time-average is taken, which eliminates some terms and introduces new ones.

Assignment
Your assignment is to derive the RANS equation for the incompressible NavierStokes equation in the x-direction. This is done by introducing the decomposition in Eq. 1 and taking the time-average. The continuity equation and the incompressible Navier-Stokes equation in the x-direction are: u v w + + =0 x y z u u u u 1 p 2u 2u 2u +u +v +w = + + 2 + 2 t x y z x x2 y z (2)

(3)

In the above equations u, v, w are the velocities in the x, y, z directions, is the density, p is the pressure and is the kinematic viscosity. You must make a thorough derivation, explaining every step you make. The use of tensor notation is not permitted. One way of making the derivation easy to read is to treat each term separately when performing the decomposition and time-averaging, and then assemble all the terms into a nal expression.

Examination
You are allowed to work in pairs of two students per assignment. For this assignment only, a handwritten report is accepted, even though a printed version is preferable. Leave your report in the postbox marked TMMV08 reports in in the C-corridor, entrance 15. The corrected reports are handed out at the same location in the folder marked TMMV08 reports out. Grade is PASS/FAIL and the deadline is 4/2-2013 at 07.59.59. If you fail the assignment you will have one week to resubmit a new version. Good luck!

Useful hints
The time-average of a variable is dened as: = lim 1 T T
T

dt
0

(4)

The time-average of a uctuating component is zero: =0 Time-averaging does not aect an already time-averaged variable: = Dierential (and integral) operators commute with averaging: = x x and so does also addition: + =+ Averaging a constant times a variable : = To obtain the nal expression you need to show that: u can be written as: (u u ) (u v ) (u w ) + + x y z (11) u u u +v +w x y z (10) (9) (8) (7) (6) (5)