Alcatel 7510

Alcatel 7510 MG
Media Gateway Product Description
Release 2.3
3FZ 08014 AAAG DEZZA
Edition 02
Status Change Note
Released
Short Title MG Product Description All rights reserved. Passing on and copying of this document, use and communication of its contents not permitted without written authorization from Alcatel.
Edition 02
Contents
Contents
All rights reserved. Passing on and copying of this document, use and communication of its contents not permitted without written authorization from Alcatel.
About this Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Product Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Network Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alcatel 7510 MG Key Benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alcatel 7510 MG Key Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4.1 General Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4.2 System Robustness and Stability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4.3 Switching and Interworking Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4.4 Switched Connection Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4.5 Voice, Fax, Data and Inband Signaling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4.6 Density and Scalability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4.7 Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . System Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5.1 CLI Based Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5.2 GUI Based Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5.3 Software Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Signaling Protocols Supported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.1 Megaco v1.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.2 SIGTRAN Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MultiVendor Interoperability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Voiceband Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5.1 Silence Suppression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5.2 Packet Loss Concealment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5.3 Echo Cancellation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5.4 Adaptive Jitter Buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5.5 Fax Modem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5.6 Data Modem - Modem Pass Through . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5.7 DTMF Packet Relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5.8 Compressed Voice Codecs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5.9 64 Kbit/s Unrestricted Digital Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5.10 Inband Signaling Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5.11 Digitmap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5.12 TDM to TDM Hairpinning with Media Processing . . . . . . . . . . Quality of Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tones and Announcements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9 11 12 13 16 18 18 20 21 27 28 29 30 31 31 31 32 33 34 35 37 37 37 38 39 39 41 41 42 42 43 43 43 44 44 45 45 47 50
1.5
Features and Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
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2.8
2.9 2.10
Redundancy, Reliability, and Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8.1 System Control Module and Switch Fabric Module . . . . . . . . 2.8.2 Packet Interface Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8.3 Circuit Interface Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8.4 Media Conversion Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8.5 Signaling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8.6 Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8.7 Cooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IP Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Internet Routing Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.10.1 Routing Information Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.10.2 Open Shortest Path First . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.10.3 Domain Name Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.10.4 Network Time Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.1 Scalable Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.2 Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.3 Efficiency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.4 Quality Of Service - QOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.5 Redundancy, Reliability and Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Media Gateway Functional Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.1 Functional Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.2 System Control Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.3 Switch Fabric Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.4 Circuit Interface Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.5 Packet Interface Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.6 Media Conversion Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.7 Capacity, Scaleability and Redundancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.8 Summary of Module Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Backplane Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.1 TDM Bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.2 Data Bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.3 Redundant Bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.4 Clock Distribution Bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clock Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6.1 Kernel Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6.2 Network Layer Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6.3 Application Layer Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6.4 Integrated Routing & Forwarding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6.5 Voice Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6.6 Software Redundancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
51 52 52 53 54 54 55 55 56 57 57 57 58 58 61 62 62 63 63 63 63 65 65 66 67 70 72 73 74 76 77 77 77 77 77 79 80 81 83 83 85 87 87 87
Functional Architecture and Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4 3.5 3.6
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3.7
Signaling 3.7.1 3.7.2 3.7.3 3.7.4
..................................................... Initializing the Signaling Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Voice Path From the PSTN to the Packet Network . . . . . . . . . . From the Packet network to the PSTN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . From the PSTN back to the PSTN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
89 89 91 92 92 95 96 97 97 97 98 99 100 100 101 102 105 106 106 113 114 114 118 119 119 121 124 125 126 128 131 132 137 140 141 145 147 153
Operations, Administration, Maintenance, and Configuration . . . . . . . . . . 4.1 4.2 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OnBoard Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.1 Fault Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.2 Fault Management Application Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.3 Environmental Monitoring and Alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.4 Debug Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.5 Chassis Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.6 Configuration Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.7 Performance Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.8 Security Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Element Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.1 Command Line Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.2 Alcatel 7510 MG Element Management System . . . . . . . . . . Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1.1 Single Alcatel 7510 MG Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1.2 Rack Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chassis Internal and External Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2.1 Chassis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2.2 Cooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2.3 Power Source and Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2.4 EMC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Functional Description of Hardware Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.1 System Control Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.2 Switch Fabric Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.3 Circuit Interface Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.4 Packet Interface Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.5 Media Conversion Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Components and Part Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.3
Physical Architecture and Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1 5.2
5.3
Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Appendix A Appendix B Appendix C
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Figures
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Network Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TDM To/From RTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TDM Hairpinning Without DSP Involvement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TDM Hairpinning With DSP Involvement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TDM Hairpinning With DSP and PIM Involvement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RTP Hairpinning Without DSP Involvement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RTP Hairpinning With DSP Involvement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interfaces Supported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IP Header for ToS and DiffServ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Forwarding Voice Packets using Backbone Routers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Logical Interconnections of the Functional Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Functional Architecture of the System Control Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Functional Architecture of the Switch Fabric Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . External Switch Fabric Module Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Functional Architecture of the Circuit Interface Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Functional Architecture of the Packet Interface Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Functional Architecture of the Media Conversion Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . Runtime Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alcatel 7510 MGs Connected to a Softswitch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Signal Messages between Softswitch and Gateway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Traffic Path Through the Alcatel 7510 MG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Path from PSTN back to PSTN, Hairpinning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Element Management Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Element Management Architecture and Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MGEM: Example of Main Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MGEM: Example of E1 Links Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alarm Manager: Example of a Main Active Alarm Window . . . . . . . . . . . . Alarm Manager: Example of an Alarm Archive View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alcatel 7510 MG Front View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alcatel 7510 MG Rear View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alcatel 7510 MG Chassis, Side View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rack Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alcatel 7510 MG Chassis, Front View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alcatel 7510 MG Chassis, Rear View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Air Flow through an Alcatel 7510 MG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fan Tray (VS3FU) Physical View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Position of the Air Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alcatel 7510 MG Power Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Generic View of a Processor Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Generic View of an I/O Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Front View and Location of the VBSCM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rear View and Location of the VMSCM/VMSCMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Front View and Location of the VBSFM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Front View and Location of the VBC4S1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Rear View and Location of the VM4S1SS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Front View and Location of the VB32E1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rear View and Location of the VM32E1/VMRED1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Front View and Location of the VBPI1GE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rear View and Location of the VM1GEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Front View and Location of the VBMCM4F . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Tables
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Related Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Summary of Network Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alcatel 7510 MG Key Benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alcatel 7510 MG General Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alcatel 7510 MG Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interfaces Supported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Echo Cancellation Supported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hardware Redundancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Open Shortest Path First Area Types Supported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . System Control Module Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Switch Fabric Module Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Circuit Interface Module Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Packet Interface Module Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Media Conversion Module Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overview of Capacity and Redundancy per Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VoIP Functions Processed by the Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Software Redundancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . System Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operational Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alcatel 7510 MGEM Hardware Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alcatel 7510 MGEM Software Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SDH CIM I/O Card: Transmitter Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SDH CIM I/O Card: Receiver Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PIM I/O Card: Transmitter Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PIM I/O Card: Receiver Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alcatel 7510 MG Physical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alcatel 7510 MG Compliances and Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Components and Part Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10 15 16 18 30 36 41 51 58 67 70 71 73 74 75 76 88 101 102 112 112 134 134 139 139 145 146 153
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About this Document
About this Document

Scope This Product Description introduces the Alcatel 7510 Media
Gateway (MG) and describes how it connects circuit switched telephone networks to Ethernet packet switching networks. The document presents an overview of the Alcatel 7510 MG, focusing on its Voice over IP (VoIP) and Fax over IP (FoIP) trunking gateway applications. others desiring to gain an overview of the Alcatel 7510 MG as a VoIP or FoIP trunking gateway. This document contains the following chapters: Chapter 1 Product Overview gives an overview of the features and key benefits of an Alcatel 7510 MG, as well as gateway management and applications. Chapter 2 Features and Services describes features and services supported by the Alcatel 7510 MG. Chapter 3 Functional Architecture and Software describes the architecture and software system components of an Alcatel 7510 MG. Chapter 4 Operations, Administration Maintenance and Configuration provides information concerning Operations, Administration, Maintenance and system configuration.
Readership This document is intended to be used by network planners, and
Contents in Brief
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About this Document
Chapter 5 Physical Architecture and Hardware describes the physical architecture of the Alcatel 7510 MG and its related hardware.
Related Documents
Table 1 lists other Alcatel 7510 MG related documents. Table 1

Title Alcatel 7510 MG: Installation and Configuration Guide Alcatel 7510 MG: Safety Guidelines and Agency Approvals Alcatel 7510 MG Reference Guide: Gateway Specific Commands Alcatel 7510 MG Reference Guide: IP Specific Commands Alcatel 7510 MG Reference Guide: Signaling Commands Alcatel 7510 MG Reference Guide: TDM Specific Commands Alcatel 7510 MG Element Manager User Guide Alcatel 7510 MG Alarm Manager User Guide
Related Documents
Part Number 3FZ 08012 AAAx PCZZA 3FZ 08013 AAAA PCZZA 3FZ 08016 AAAx PCZZA 3FZ 08017 AAAx PCZZA 3FZ 08055 AAAx PCZZA 3FZ 08075 AAAx PCZZA 3FZ 08057 AAAx PCZZA 3FZ 08099 AAAx PCZZA
Frequently Used Circuit Interface Module (CIM) Abbreviations Media Conversion Module (MCM)
Packet Interface Module (PIM) System Control Module (SCM) Switch Fabric Module (SFM)
Trademarks The Alcatel word and Alcatel logo are registered trademarks and
service marks of Alcatel. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
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1 Product Overview
1 Product Overview
This chapter presents an overview of the Alcatel 7510 MG. The following sections are presented: G G G G G Introduction Network Solutions Alcatel 7510 MG Key Benefits Alcatel 7510 MG Features System Management
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1.1
Introduction
As one of the key components of Alcatel's Next Generation Network (NGN) portfolio, the Alcatel 7510 MG provides seamless interworking of voice and Fax connections between the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)) and Internet Protocol (IP) networks. By enabling voice services to ride over data networks, service providers can maximize the value of current investments while enabling future service rollouts to incorporate the latest technologies.
Efficient and Reliable The Alcatel 7510 MG combines the reliability and simplicity of Networks voice with the speed and efficiency of data networks. It features an
advanced architecture and interfaces optimized for packet voice applications, together with carrierclass reliability, availability and quality.
Single Platform
A single platform, the Alcatel 7510 MG supports multiple media gateway applications and facilitates the evolution of the PSTN towards a Voice over Packet (VoP) network. Based on its Time Division Multiplex (TDM) switching and VoIP capabilities, the Alcatel 7510 MG supports Internet offload, as well as NGN Class 4 packet voice solutions. Using open and standardized signaling and control protocols such as Megaco/H.248 and Signaling Transport (SIGTRAN), it can be deployed with Alcatel softswitch and Media Gateway Controller (MGC) platforms as well as integrated into any multivendor next generation network.
Industry Standards
Key NGN Building An NGN contains three main building blocks: softswitches, media Block gateways and a packetbased transport network. The
Alcatel 7510 MG is the key element for Alcatel's NGN solutions, setting the foundation for voice quality, reliability, scalability and performance in the highdensity segment. It provides VoP capabilities and serves as a key transitional element between today's circuitswitched and tomorrow's packetswitched telephony networks. Combined with the Alcatel MegaHub Multimedia Multiservice or the Alcatel 5020 Softswitch Platform, the Alcatel 7510 MG enables multifold NGN solutions (see also Table 2).
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1.2
Network Solutions
As shown in Figure 1, the Alcatel 7510 MG offers the following network solutions:
PSTN PSTN LEX IP Backbone RSU/CSN 7510 MG CAGW 7510 MG LEX
RSU/CSN TDM Hairpinning
Private TDM Network PBX Access (PRI) PBX Alcatel Softswitch Grooming (Internet Offload)
VoIP Trunking PSTN V5.2 Inter face RSU/CSN Interface 7510 MG CAGW 7510 MG VoIP Termination RAS
1540 Litespan
IP Phone CAGW CSN RSU RAS : Centralized Access GateWay : Centre Satellite Numerique : Remote Subscriber Unit : Remote Access Server
Internet
RSU/CSN
NEW_9999_7510_nw_solutions_ed01
Figure 1
Network Solutions
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"
VoIP Trunking CAGW VoIP Termination TDM Hairpinning Grooming
" " " "
VoIP Trunking
The Alcatel 7510 MG offers the highest port density in VoIP trunking on a true carrier grade platform, thereby enabling reliable and costefficient utilization of IP network for transit voice traffic. The Centralized Access Gateway (CAGW), under the control of signaling compatible MGCs like E10/S12, supports the following Local EXchange (LEX) bypasses: PBX Access By allowing direct Private Branch Exchange (PBX) access to IPbased NGN platforms, bypassing TDM local exchanges, the Alcatel 7510 MG provides costefficient Primary Rate Access (PRA) lines for connecting corporate PBX systems. RSU/CSN Access By allowing direct Remote Subscriber Unit (RSU) or Centre Satellite Numerique (CSN) access to IPbased NGN platforms, the Alcatel 7510 MG provides a smooth migration to an NGN class 5 solution, while protecting the investment in legacy TDM access nodes. V5.2 Access By allowing direct access of V5.2 based systems to IPbased NGN platforms, the Alcatel 7510 MG provides a smooth migration to an NGN class 5 solution, while protecting the investment in standard V5.2 access nodes.
Centralized AGW
VoIP Termination
This product offers VoIP termination in the most costefficient way, allowing more IP telephony users to reach any PSTN phone worldwide. By supporting TDM hairpinning (native TDM switching) and avoiding burdening IP network with local calls, the Alcatel 7510 MG enables efficient treatment of local calls while migrating to an NGN Class 4 solution. TDMtoPrimary Rate Interface (PRI) grooming by the Alcatel 7510 MG switches data calls directly to remote access
TDM Hairpinning
Grooming
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servers, thereby relieving congested tandem/transit switches from Internet data traffic. Table 2 summarizes the Network Solutions Table 2 Summary of Network Solutions
IP Offload VoIP Termination VoIP Trunking TDM Hairpinning TDMPRI Grooming PBX Access (SIGTRAN ISDN User Adaptation layer (IUA)) Centralized Access Gateway Long NGN Distance Class 4 Bypass IP Tele phony IP Centrex Multi Media NGN Class 5
n n n n n n n n
n n
n n
n n n n
n n
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1.3
Alcatel 7510 MG Key Benefits

An Alcatel 7510 MG, featuring a carriergrade platform and a highly scalable distributed switching architecture, is specifically designed to meet stringent operator requirements demanded by Next Generation media gateway applications. Table 3 lists key benefits uniquely distinguishing the Alcatel 7510 MG in the media gateway market.
Table 3
Key Benefits
Alcatel 7510 MG Key Benefits

Feature Userconfigurable number of Voice Access Modules [Digital Signaling Processors (DSPs)] 20slot chassis with a 14 U x 18 inch x 19 inch size (1 U = 44.45 mm) Description Available in multiple configurations, each Alcatel 7510 MG DSP module has a maximum capacity to serve 4,032 DS0s simultaneously or 16,128 DS0s per gateway for VoIP (32,256 DS0s per gateway for hairpinning). The Alcatel 7510 MG architecture efficiently y and economically y increases DSP power and d packet k forwarding f di rates without requiring major system upgrades. The gateway uses an NGN connection Th i control model to maintain call processing, independent of other functions, e.g., DSP resource management. All control, interfaces, and voice processing hardware modules are 1+1 or N+1 (active + standby) redundant and hot swappable, allowing any module to be removed and replaced without shutting down the system. The Alcatel 7510 MG includes redundant power interfaces. All optical interfaces support Automatic Protection Switch (APS). Switching from an active to a standby line does not result in lost packets.
Density/Scalability
High Capacity Switching Architecture
Pool of DSP resources shared by all ports and interfaces Provides nativemode switching and adaptation of different media types including TDM and VoIP Features a nonblocking 16 Gbit/s packet switch fabric and a nonblocking 10 Gbit/s TDM switch fabric, as well as a variety of highspeed broadband and TDM interfaces
CarrierClass Reliability and Availability
Designed with numerous redundancy and fault tolerance features to provide a very high level of availability and reliability
Latest DSP Technology
A pool of highdensity DSPbased modules offering G.711 Voice Codec and G.165/G.168 compliant echo cancellation is used.
Alcatel 7510 MG DSPs offer dynamic access to any port or interface to connect to voice compression and packetization, silence suppression, echo cancellation, and other packet voice processing facilities.
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Key Benefits
Feature Supports the industrystandard Megaco v.1 signaling protocol to seamlessly interwork with, e.g., a softswitch
Description An Alcatel 7510 MG supports an open control interface, e.g., to connect to: G G G G G G MGCs using the Megaco, H.248 protocol an Alcatel 5020 Softswitch an Alcatel 1000 S12 exchange an Alcatel 1000 E10 exchange an Alcatel MegaHub multivendor NGN networks.
Open Standard Protocols
Industry Leading Management Solution
Alcatel 7510 Media Gateway Element The Alcatel 7510 MGEM offers Manager (MGEM) Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) controlled Graphical User Interface (GUI) management of all Alcatel 7510 MG units, supporting configuration, fault, performance, and security management.
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1.4
Alcatel 7510 MG Key Features

The following sections describe Alcatel 7510 MG features:
" " " "
General Features Voice, Fax, Data and Inband Signaling Density and Scalability Performance.
1.4.1
General Features
Table 4 summarizes the Alcatel 7510 MG general features. Table 4
Features Dimensions & Weight
Alcatel 7510 MG General Features

Description Height: 62.2 cm (14 RU) (1 RU = 44.45 mm) Width: 45.7 cm (18 inch) Depth: 53.3 cm (21 inch) Weight: 68 kg (150 lbs.) fully configured
Racks Supported
Up to three Alcatel 7510 MGs can be installed in one of these racks:
7 feet x 19 inch Network Equipment Building Standards (NEBS) compliant rack 2200 mm (H) x 600 mm (W) x 600 mm (D) European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) rack
Power
48 V or - 60 V Direct Current (DC) redundant A+B power feeds 1300 W (fully loaded) 10 Gbit/s TDM switch fabric 16 Gbit/s packet switch fabric Up to 16 OC3/STM1 (Synchronous Optical Network (SONET)/Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) singlemode and multimode, with additional 1+1 redundancy Up to 10 x 32 T1/E1 Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy (PDH) interfaces, with additional n+1 redundancy
Switching Capacity PSTN Interfaces
Packet Interfaces
Up to 2 Gigabit Ethernet with additional 1+1 redundancy
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Features
Description Fast Ethernet 1+1 redundancy RS232 Local and remote Command Line Interface (CLI) SNMP agent
Management Interfaces
IP Services
IPv.4 Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) v. 2 Routing Information Protocol (RIP) v1.0, RIP v.2 Domain Name Service (DNS) client service Network Timing Protocol (NTP) v.4 support
Signaling and Call Control
Megaco v. 1/H.248 Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) SIGTRAN IUA SIGTRAN M2UA SS7 (SemiPermanent Connection (SPC) for signal link concentration) V5.2 (SPC + H.248 SA7 bit extension) RSU/CSN signaling (SPC for signal link forwarding) NOTE: To forward/concentrate signaling links, bundled in the same physical link as the bearer channels, the Alcatel 7510 MG provides the opportunity to configure SPCs per UI.
Clock Synchronization
Internal Stratum 3 clock Any TDM Line Timing interface Building Integrated Timing Source (BITS) for a SONET configuration Synchronization Supply Unit (SSU) for an SDH configuration Timing Redundancy (1+1)
VLAN Support
Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) tagging based on fixed IP addresses
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Features
Description Event log, performance management fault monitoring and alarm generation CLI and GUI based SNMP management 1+1 redundancy of each module, power, fan tray, and backplane Availability >99,999 %
Reliability & Redundancy
Quality of Service
IP Type Of Service (TOS) packet marking for voice, signaling, Operations, Administration and Maintenance (OAM), and other packets set by the the User Interface (UI). Alcatel softswitch, 3rd party softswitches, VoIP Gateways and VoIP terminals.
Interoperability
1.4.2
System Robustness and Stability

The Alcatel 7510 MG supports the following robustness and stability feature.
H.248.11 Overload The H.248.11 overload feature is based on a load threshold Robustness which is set by using the relevant OAM command. The MG load is
measured in terms of processor occupancy".When the MG load passes the threshold value, the MG sends an overload event to the softswitch. As a result, the softswitch reduces the load on the MG.
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1.4.3
Switching and Interworking Modes

The Alcatel 7510 MG features the following switching and interworking modes:
" "
TDM To/From RealTime Transport Protocol (RTP) TDM Hairpinning

D D D
TDM Hairpinning Without DSP Involvement TDM Hairpinning With DSP Involvement TDM Hairpinning With DSP and PIM Involvement RTP Hairpinning Without DSP Involvement RTP Hairpinning With DSP Involvement
"
RTP Hairpinning
D D
The following sections present the Alcatel 7510 MG switching and interworking modes.
TDM To/From RTP

The interworking mode: TDM to/from RTP is a standard Alcatel 7510 MG feature, see Figure 2.
MCM DSP
CIM
SFM
PIM
DSP MCM
Figure 2
TDM To/From RTP
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TDM Hairpinning
Definition of TDM TDM Hairpinning is a scenario whereby a call is made between two Hairpinning TDM endpoints on a single Media Gateway. The media comes in
on one TDM channel and goes out on another TDM channel through the use of an internal loop in the Media Gateway. The Alcatel 7510 MG features three TDMhairpinning modes, namely:
" " "
TDM Hairpinning Without DSP Involvement TDM Hairpinning With DSP Involvement TDM Hairpinning With DSP and PIM Involvement
TDM Hairpinning Without DSP Involvement
The switching mode: TDMhairpinning without DSP involvement creates a loop in the SFM using the native TDM switch without voice quality degradation, see Figure 3.
MCM DSP
CIM
SFM
PIM
DSP MCM
Figure 3
TDM Hairpinning Without DSP Involvement
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TDM Hairpinning With DSP Involvement
The interworking mode: TDMhairpinning with DSP involvement creates a loop in the SFM using the native packet switch without voice quality degradation. Before and after the switching, the media is converted using a DSP in the MCM, see Figure 4. This interworking mode is generally used in case of TDMbased voice processing, e.g., echo cancelling, gain control, etc.
MCM DSP
CIM
SFM
PIM
DSP MCM
Figure 4
TDM Hairpinning With DSP Involvement
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TDM Hairpinning With DSP and PIM Involvement
The interworking mode: TDMhairpinning with DSP and PIM involvement applies in the cases where two different H.248 contexts are two call legs of the same call (the MGC is not aware that these two calls" are in fact one and the same call). The two call legs are joined in the PIM, see Figure 5. This interworking mode is required with supplementary services like, e.g., call forwarding or call transfer.
MCM DSP
CIM
SFM
PIM
DSP MCM
Figure 5
TDM Hairpinning With DSP and PIM Involvement
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RTP Hairpinning
Definition of RTP RTP Hairpinning is a scenario whereby a call is made between two Hairpinning RTP Session endpoints on a single Media Gateway. The media
comes in on one RTP/RTCP Session and goes out on another RTP/RTCP Session through the use of an internal loop in the Media Gateway. The Alcatel 7510 MG features two RTPhairpinning modes, namely:
" "
RTP Hairpinning Without DSP Involvement RTP Hairpinning With DSP Involvement
RTP Hairpinning Without DSP Involvement
The switching mode: RTPhairpinning without DSP involvement is typically used with supplementary services. As an example, a call originating in the IP domain is forwarded from the TDM domain back into the IP domain. This relay function creates a loop in the PIM without any DSP based media processing, see Figure 6. Note A shortcut between the two IP endpoints is more efficient, but the standard allows pure relay switching.
MCM DSP
CIM
SFM
PIM
DSP MCM
Figure 6
RTP Hairpinning Without DSP Involvement
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RTP Hairpinning With DSP Involvement
The switching mode: RTPhairpinning with DSP involvement is typically used with supplementary services requiring media processing e.g., codec incompatibilities. As an example, a call originating in the IP domain gets forwarded from the TDM domain back into the IP domain. A packet to packet loop is created in the SFM switch and includes media processing using a DSP , see Figure 7.
MCM DSP
CIM
SFM
PIM
DSP MCM
Figure 7
RTP Hairpinning With DSP Involvement
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1.4.4
Switched Connection Types

The Alcatel 7510 MG features the following switched connection types:
Dynamic Standard A dynamic connection is the Alcatel 7510 MG standard Connections connection type. Dynamic connections are established using
H.248 connection control.
Dynamic Test Dynamic test connections include: Connections " Continuity tests
"
Loopback tests
Semi Permanent SPCs have the following properties: Connections " They are established using OAM Commands.
"
A selfhealing mechanism restores an SPC in case of loss of connection. An alarm is generated in case the link goes down.
"
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1.4.5
Voice, Fax, Data and Inband Signaling

The following list summarizes the voice, facsimile, and data features supported by the Alcatel 7510 MG.
Voice Features
The following voice features apply:

"
Silence Suppression using:

D D
Voice Activity Detection (VAD) Comfort Noise Generation (CNG) G.711 - Appendix I G.729A/B G.723.1
"
Packet Loss Concealment (PLC)

D D D
" " " "
Echo Cancellation Adaptive Jitter Buffer Configurable voice frame size law and Alaw Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) companding methods using G.711 Compressed Voice Codecs:
D D
"
G.729A (8 kbit/s) G.723.1 (5.3 kbit/s and 6.3 kbit/s)
Fax Modem Features
The following Fax Modem features apply:

" "
Fax Relay over T.38 Fax Pass Through
Data Features
The following data features apply:

" "
Data Modem - Modem Pass Through 64 kbit/s Unrestricted Digital Information (UDI)
Inband Signaling Features
The following Inband signaling features apply:

" " " "
Dual Tone Multifrequency (DTMF) Packet Relay Digit Collection Service Digit Map Digit Outpulsing Service
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1.4.6
Density and Scalability

The Alcatel 7510 MG chassis supports 20 slots and can be configured with five types of applicationspecific modules:
"
The System Control Module (SCM) performs all management functions. The Switch Fabric Module (SFM) performs all routing functions (TDM and packet). The Circuit Interface Module (CIM) includes OC3/STM1 or T1/E1 interfaces to receive or forward PSTN traffic. The Packet Interface Module (PIM) includes a Gigabit Ethernet port to receive and forward packet traffic. The Media Conversion Module (MCM) contains a pool of DSPs that convert TDM traffic to packet, or packet traffic to TDM traffic. Additionally the MCM performs Voice Compression and Echo Cancellation.
"
"
"
"
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1.4.7
Performance
Table 5 lists the Alcatel 7510 MG performance characteristics. Table 5
Function Voice Quality
Alcatel 7510 MG Performance

Value Toll Quality using G.711 Codecs and close to Toll Quality using Compressed Codecs > 12 years 135 322,560
Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) Calls per second per Gateway (Call Hold Time (CHT) is 180 seconds) Maximum Busy Hour Call Attempts (BHCA) per Gateway
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1.5
System Management
The Alcatel 7510 MG incorporates a set of system management tools, namely:
" " "
CLI Based Management GUI Based Management Software Management
1.5.1
CLI Based Management

The Command Line Interface (CLI) contains a comprehensive set of commands to configure, operate, maintain and supervise the Alcatel 7510 MG. The extra features of the CLI include:
" " " "
Remote Telnet to access the gateway remotely SYSLOG Services to log events Diagnostic tests to perform troubleshooting Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) to perform file transfers
1.5.2
GUI Based Management

The Graphical User Interface (GUI) of the Alcatel 7510 MG has two parts (see also Section 4.3.2):
" "
Media Gateway Element Manager (MGEM) Media Gateway Alarm Manager (MGAM)
MGEM
The MGEM is a userfriendly GUI and includes the following features:

" " "
Configuration, operation & maintenance Realtime utilization and traffic reporting Performance monitoring
MGAM
The MGAM is a comfortable alarm system. It includes the following features:

" "
Alarm monitoring Alarm reporting
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1.5.3
Software Management
The Alcatel 7510 MG incorporates a hitless software upgrading process. A hitless software upgrade is a mechanism which ensures compatibility of interboard data exchange between entities having different Software (SW) versions. Attention:Only SW versions n" & n-1" are possible.
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2 Features and Services

This chapter describes features and services supported by the Alcatel 7510 MG. The following sections are presented: G G G G G G G G G G Introduction Interfaces Signaling Protocols Supported MultiVendor Interoperability Voiceband Services Quality o Service Tones and Announcements Redundancy, Reliability and Availability IP Services Internet Routing Protocols
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2.1
Introduction
The Alcatel 7510 MG has been optimized to operate in the Next Generation convergence switch market; it is installed on the boundary between PSTN and packet networks to convert TDM voice, facsimile signals or Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) data into packetized data traffic, which is then transported over a packet network, and viceversa. This Gateway functions as a highcapacity Trunking Media Gateway to service VoIP or FoIP calls. The Alcatel 7510 MG multiplexes DS0 channels into OC3/STM1 or T1/E1 structured data transmission streams, and in the reverse transmission direction demultiplexes these streams into individual DS0 channels. The gateway operates together with a softswitch (a Media Gateway Controller), and can employ the Megaco v1.0 and the SIGTRAN IUA signaling protocols to exchange control messages. The softswitch performs call control to set up a call, release a call, and manage enhanced services.
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2.2
Interfaces
The Alcatel 7510 MG supports the narrowband, broadband, and management interfaces shown in Figure 8.
Softswitch Fast Ethernet OC-3/STM-1 or T1/E1
PSTN
1 Gigabit Ethernet
Packet
Alcatel 7510 Media Gateway RS-232
Craft Console
OC-3 PSTN SDH SONET STM-1 UPD_0173_fig20b_ed02
: : : : :
Optical Carrier 3 Public Switched Telephone Network Synchronous Digital Hierarchy Synchronous Optical Network Synchronous Transfer Mode - Level 1
Figure 8
Interfaces Supported
Table 6 lists the interfaces supported by the Alcatel 7510 MG.
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Table 6
Interfaces Supported
Description Channelized OC3/STM1 SONET/SDH, optical, full duplex, singlemode and multimode T1/E1 electrical - 100/120 Gbit/s Ethernet, full duplex, 1+1 redundant Redundant 1+1 Fast Ethernet, 10/100 Mbit/s link used for the H.248 protocol towards the MGC Redundant 1+1 Fast Ethernet, 10/100 Mbit/s link used for management. Full duplex, autosensing port with unique Medium Access Control (MAC) address. CLI interface via RS232, RJ45 type connector Alarm Cut Off (ACO) switch on an alarm panel, external alarm interface.
Interface PSTN
RTP (VoIP) Signaling Management
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2.3
Signaling Protocols Supported

The following signaling types are supported:
" "
Megaco SIGTRAN
2.3.1
Megaco v1.0
The Megaco protocol is an industrystandard media gateway control protocols which address the relationship between a media gateway and a softswitch (which is also called a media gateway controller). The softswitch directs an Alcatel 7510 MG to dynamically establish and release voice and data (e.g., fax, modem transparent channel) connections over a packet network using Megaco v1.0/H.248 protocol.
Megaco Features
General Megaco v1.0 features supported by the Alcatel 7510 MG include User Datagram Protocol (UDP) and Text Encoding. For detailed descriptions of the supported Megaco features, refer to the document: Protocol Implementation Conformance Statement", reference number: 3FZ 02239 AAAA".
2.3.2
SIGTRAN Protocol
Within NGN VoIP Networks, when signaling information is transferred within a packet switched network, a signaling gateway function is required to transform the TDMsignals used in a PSTN to signals used in the packet switched network, and viceversa. In the Alcatel 7510 MG, the SIGTRAN protocol is used to perform this required signaling gateway function.
SIGTRAN IUA
The SIGTRAN IUA protocol is used between a softswitch and an Alcatel 7510 MG to transport Q.931 via IP and to terminate it at the softswitch. The SIGTRAN M2UA protocol is used to transport the SS7 signaling over IP networks on layer 2, using SCTP .
SIGTRAN M2UA
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2.4
MultiVendor Interoperability
Open standardbased solutions are the key to promoting interoperability among vendors, and are crucial to service providers deploying multivendor services. Alcatel is committed to delivering open, standardbased solutions. The Alcatel 7510 MG allows service providers to deploy equipment from multiple vendors and reduce risks that stem from rigid, singleservice systems. The Alcatel 7510 MG supports the industry standard protocol Megaco and operates together with multivendor softswitch and gateway systems.
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2.5
Voiceband Services
The Alcatel 7510 MG offers VoIP services by converting circuitswitched voice traffic into RTP to encapsulate voice packets. The Alcatel 7510 MG supports the Alaw and law variants of the G.711 Codec and the compressed codecs G.729A/B and G.723.1 to process speech, voiceband data, and facsimile traffic types. Additionally, the Alcatel 7510 MG supports codec interworking of G.711 Alaw to G.711 law. The Alcatel 7510 MG processes the RTP payload according to the sequence number, time stamp and payload type, and, supports RTCP . Only voice packets, arriving from the configured remote IP address, are processed by the Alcatel 7510 MG (before the remote IP address is configured, all source addresses are accepted). Voiceband service features supported by the Alcatel 7510 MG include the following:
" " " " " " " " " " " "
Silence Suppression Packet Loss Concealment Echo Cancellation Adaptive Jitter Buffer Fax Modem Data Modem DTMF Packet Relay Compressed Voice Codecs 64 Kbit/s UDI Inband Signaling Processing Digitmap according to H.248 TDM to TDM Hairpinning with Media Processing
2.5.1
Silence Suppression
VAD
The Voice Activity Detection in the Alcatel 7510 MG stops transmission of speech data when periods of silence occur during a conversation by monitoring the traffic stream at the transmitting end (to detect audio silence based on audio power falling below a certain threshold). During such periods, no audio payload packets are sent, increasing transmission efficiency.
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Silence suppression can be enabled or disabled for each individual channel; it is often undesirable when the channel is carrying facsimile or modem traffic. The following codecs support VAD:
" " "
G.711 G.729B G.723
VAD can be configured in four different modes: off no VAD, i.e., packets are always sent.
transparent is an alternative to the off" mode, but with an adaptive threshold that will not rise above -62 dBm). conservative is the best compromise between voice quality and bandwith consumption; the adaptive threshold will not rise above -42 dBm). aggressive The aggressive mode is suitable for voice with very lowlevel background noise: the adaptive threshold will not rise above -36 dBm).
CNG The Alcatel 7510 MG uses Comfort Noise Generation to supply a
nonsilent audio signal to a listener (person) during intervals of silence suppression. This comfort noise masks the audible clipping effects of activating and deactivating the voice channel. Comfort noise also avoids uncomfortable, total silence that would otherwise be experienced by a listener during periods of silence suppression. Characteristics of the source silence are used to generate the comfort noise, making the silence suppression less noticeable to a listener. The following codecs support CNG:
" " "
G.711 G.729B G.723
CNG can have the following settings: off generates absolute silence.
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white
all frequencies have the same power level (flat spectrum). uses a spectrum with high frequency rolloff; more closely matched to typical background noise conditions (compliant to ITUT standard P .800).
pink
spectral CNG according to G.711 - Appendix II (described in the ITUT G.711 specification).
2.5.2
Packet Loss Concealment

PLC is an algorithm used to minimize distortion in output voice, caused by packet loss or excessively late speech packets according to:
" " "
G.711 - Appendix I. G.729 G.723
2.5.3
Echo Cancellation
An echo is commonly introduced at the fourwire (PSTN switch) to twowire (local loop) hybrid interface in a circuitswitched network due to impedance mismatch. The Alcatel 7510 MG suppresses this echo before it propagates to the VoIP network by implementing an integrated echo canceller that complies with G.165/G.168. This echo canceller delivers up to 64 milliseconds tail length of cancellation (see Table 7). Table 7 Echo Cancellation Supported
Description ITU G.168 64 ms
Echo Cancellation Features Standards Supported Maximum Tail Length
Echo cancellation can be enabled or disabled for each individual channel; it is desired on a channel when voice is being transmitted, but is often undesirable when a channel is carrying other types of information, like tones, facsimile, or modem traffic.
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2.5.4
Adaptive Jitter Buffer

The Alcatel 7510 MG provides an adaptive jitter buffer having a configurable upper limit of 165 milliseconds. This jitter buffer compensates for delay variations in packet transmission times during a VoIP call, which causes jitter. The jitter buffer stores received packets for the configured amount of time, and afterward forwards them to the G.711 codec at a more stable rate.
2.5.5
Fax Modem
The Alcatel 7510 MG supports different types of Fax transmission through the IP network, namely:
" "
Fax Relay over T.38 Fax Pass Through
Fax Relay over T.38

This is the recommended version for efficient, economic and reliable Fax transport and includes additional services.
" " " " "
Fax relay over T.38 using UDP/IP Support of transferred Training Check Frame (TCF) Support of redundant UDP error correction support of all rates of V.17, V.27 and V.29 Bandwidth limitation by setting maximum bit rate for Fax transfer Support of up to 20% port capacity for simultaneous Fax relays
"
T.38 with Parameter Negotiation
This option provides interoperability with existing H.323 VoIP networks. On interworking with an Alcatel softswitch, full compatibility to T.38 (according to H.323v4 Annex E used in H.323 VoIP networks) is offered. This option, independent of event triggering via softswitch, is recommended for networks where only Megaco as control protocol is used and, no softswitch involvement on endtoend voice services is required.
T.38 with Parameter Configuration Fax Pass Through
Fax pass through is used when endpoints are not T.38 compatible. The Fax transmission with Fax pass through is based on G.711.
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On recognition of Fax events, the Alcatel 7510 MG will switch to Voice Band Data (VBD) mode to provide a completely transparent transport layer for Fax transmission.
2.5.6
Data Modem - Modem Pass Through

The Alcatel 7510 MG supports a completely transparent transport layer for modem calls based on G.711 (also called VBD mode). On recognition of modem tone, a switch to VBD is performed to speed up the support for modem calls.
2.5.7
DTMF Packet Relay

The Alcatel 7510 MG supports the transmission of DTMF tones to forward Named Telephone Events according to the RFC2833 standard. Optionally, the payload type can be configured to ensure compatibility with H.323 VoIP networks.
2.5.8
Compressed Voice Codecs

In IP networks, where bandwidth efficiency and compatibility to different VoIP clients have top priority, the Alcatel 7510 MG supports compressed codecs complying to these requirements.
G.729A/B
The G.729A/B codecs are becoming accepted standards for voice compression. They use only 8Kbit/s of bandwidth and, therefore, offer significant bandwidth gain, while still producing high voice quality. These properties make G.729A/B the de facto standard for ,Wide Area Network (WAN) connections running IP telephony. The G.729A/B codecs use packet sizes of 10 to 60 ms in steps of 10 ms. The basic codec is the G.729A. The G.729B is the extended version comprising the following additional features:
" " "
VAD Discontinuous Transmission (DTX) CNG
G.723.1
The G.723.1 codec is used in networks that require maximum bandwidth efficiency. The supported packet sizes are 30 and 60 ms. The following codec variants are used:
" "
G.723.1 ACELP (5.3Kbit/s) G.723.1 MPMLQ (6.3 kbit/s)
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G.726
The G.726 codec has an extended interoperability with VoIP equipment and is, therefore, widely used. The supported packet sizes are 10, 20 and 30 ms. The G.726 codec is configurable in four different bitrate variants as follows:
" " " "
G.726 variant with 16 kbit/s G.726 variant with 24 kbit/s G.726 variant with 32 kbit/s G.726 variant with 40 kbit/s
2.5.9
64 Kbit/s Unrestricted Digital Information

In digital networks, bearer capability is requested by ISDN signaling during the setup phase. This information is passed by the softswitch in the control protocol (Megaco) to the gateway. Through this trigger, the Alcatel 7510 MG is capable of switching to "Clear mode" in order to transmit a bearer with 64 kbit/s UDI (e.g., video telephony or digital data transmission).
2.5.10
Inband Signaling Processing

The following Inband Signaling Processing features are available with the Alcatel 7510 MG:
" " "
Digit Collection Service Digit Map State Machine Digit Outpulsing Service
Digit Collection Service
The Alcatel 7510 MG collects DTMF and, in the next release, Multi Frequency (MF) tones. These tones are analyzed and stored as digits. Notification about the received digits to the softswitch is realized by a Digitmapstate machine.
Digit Map State The Alcatel 7510 MG uses a Digitmapstate machine to realize Machine extended digit collection services. The following extended digit
collection services are available:
" " "
Interaction on each detected digit (no post dial delays) Credit/calling card calls Triggering the reorigination of special functions
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The Digitmapstate machine can be adapted to customer requirements by simply adapting the eXtended Markup Language (XML)style configuration file. With each call, the digitmap and its relevant parameters can be provided. These parameters are:
" " " " "
Maximum amount of digits First digit timer Fast interdigit timer Remaining interdigit timer International interdigit timer
Up to 48 digit can be buffered by the Alcatel 7510 MG, without receiving a valid digitmap from the softswitch. The Digitmapstate machine can perform the following actions:
" " " " " "
Reset dialing Collect digits Ignore digits Notification of invalid actions Activate/reset timer Switch Digitmapstate machine
Digit Outpulsing Service
This feature is planned in the next release.
2.5.11
Digitmap
A Digit Map is a dialing plan resident in the Media Gateway and used to detect and report digit events received on a termination. A Digit Map and its name is loaded into the Media Gateway by an MGC. Digit Maps are implemented according to the H.248 standard, i.e. maximum 195 bytes per termination.
2.5.12
TDM to TDM Hairpinning with Media Processing

In addition to native TDM hairpinning, the Alcatel 7510 MG offers media processing for future applications, using a DSP . Media processing can be enabled/disabled by the softswitch an a per call basis, using the H.248 protocol. The following media processing features with TDM to TDM hairpinning are available:
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3FZ 08014 AAAG DEZZA " " "
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Tone Detection
Echo Cancelation
alaw/law conversion (planned for next release)
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2.6
Quality of Service
Due to the delaysensitive nature of packet voice communications, service providers require well engineered, endtoend IP networks to successfully deploy high quality VoIP services. Service providers can use three fundamental techniques to support QoS across their IP networks:
" " "
Providing excess network bandwidth Static and dynamic bandwidth reservation Traffic prioritization.
Of these three techniques, traffic prioritization is the most economical and powerful way to support differentiated services. Finetuning IP networks to adequately support QoS involves DiffServ and IP ToS features, which are used to mark packets to achieve prioritization. Traffic prioritization features are widely deployed in core backbone routers and switches; they can work together with media gateways that support the same techniques. The Alcatel 7510 MG is able to prioritize different types of traffic, depending on the priority of a given traffic stream; it tags voice packets with a priority value that backbone switches and routers then use to prioritize traffic. Once a packet has been tagged with a priority value, subsequent switches and routers along the transmission path use the tag to identify traffic that is to receive preferential treatment. There are two standards enabling endtoend traffic prioritization across IP networks, the IP ToS, and DiffServ; the Alcatel 7510 MG supports both of them. For both IP ToS and DiffServ, routing decisions in the IP network are based on the same six bits in the IP v.4 header (see Figure 9). Values of these bits are in accordance with the IP ToS or DiffServ core network architecture.
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IP TOS
DiffServ Header IPv4 Packet Header
IPv4
Packet
IPv4 TOS Byte
DS Byte
2 3 TOS
0 DSCP
5 6 not used
Precedence
MBZ
Type of Service Field RFC 1349 Defines: 1000 Minimize Dely 0100 Maximize Throughput 0010 Maximize Reliability 0001 Minimize Monetary Cost 0000 Normal Service
Recommended DSCP: RFC 2597 001010 (low), 001100 (medium), 001110 (high) AF Class 1 010010 (low), 010100 (medium), 010110 (high) AF Class 2 011010 (low), 011100 (medium), 011110 (high) AF Class 3 100010 (low), 100100 (medium), 100110 (high) AF Class 4 DiffServ DS DSCP IP RFC TOS : Differentiated Service : DiffServ : Differentiated Services Codepoints : Internet Protocol : Request for Comments : Typ of Service
0193_qos_ed01
Figure 9
IP Header for ToS and DiffServ The Alcatel 7510 MG simply marks the packets accordingly and sends them to the core network (IP Backbone (see Figure 10). The core network routers must be able to identify ToSpackets or DiffServpackets, as well as be able to associate priorities with service levels, to forward these voice packets across the core network using packet prioritization and congestion control techniques.
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Classification Marking Traffic Policing Scheduling
Backbone Routers
Alcatel 7510 Media Gateway Classification Marking Traffic Policing Scheduling 0208_forvoipack_ed01 Per Hop Behaviour Precedence queuing Weighted scheduling Priority dropping
Alcatel 7510 Media Gateway
Figure 10
Forwarding Voice Packets using Backbone Routers
The following list summarizes the IP ToS and DiffServ types supported by the Alcatel 7510 MG:
" "
Userconfigurable IP header ToS/DiffServ bits for voice packets Userconfigurable IP header ToS/DiffServ bits for signaling packets Userconfigurable IP header ToS/DiffServ bits for OAM&P Userconfigurable IP header ToS/DiffServ bits for other packets.
" "
IP Security
[Planned in future release - IPsec hardware is on board] The IETF has developed a method of ensuring secured data transmission in packet networks that use the IP protocol, called IPSec. IPSec uses powerful new encryption technologies to add security services to the IP layer of data transmission, allowing network operators to secure communications in their network for all applications running in and for all users in the IP network; this is done more transparently than by any other current method. Alcatel supports this security development in the Alcatel 7510 MG, employing the IP Security operational mode known as 'Authentication Header in Transport Mode'. IPSec is compatible with the existing IP standard, IP v.4, which is planned to become mandatory in the succeeding IP standard, IP v.6.
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2.7
Tones and Announcements

The Alcatel Media Gateway offers tones and announcements generation.
Supported Tones
The following tones are supported on TDM or RTP terminations:

" " " " " " "
Reorder tone Ringback tone Busy tone Normal dial tone Milliwatt tone - special information tone Continuity tone (2010 Hz) Silence The corresponding Megaco package and signal ID to play the tones are supported by the Alcatel 7510 MG.
Note
Supported The following announcement features are supported: Announcements " Announcements can be played on all TDM terminations
simultaneously.
" "
Announcements (Megaco Annex K) SCC" dial tone (tone that has to be played out as an announcement) Multiple recorded announcements Calling card confirmation tone (tone that has to be played out as an announcement) Total Announcements (48 Announcements with varied length of 4s - 8s, total 360 sec Announcements Repeat Count (number of times to play the announcement; value 0" means play the announcement continuously; default = 0) The Alcatel 7510 MG can start/restart the announcements at any phase of the call setup and, if necessary, play n" announcements simultaneously on every TDM port.
" "
"
"
Note
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2.8
Redundancy, Reliability, and Availability

As NGN technologies progress toward offering expansion alternatives to PSTN networks, softswitches and media gateways must guarantee the highest level of reliability and availability to meet the most stringent exchange deployment requirements. The Alcatel 7510 MG has been designed with several redundant and fault tolerance features to provide the highest level of availability and reliability. An Alcatel 7510 MG supports three hotswappable fan trays and as many as 20 modules having 1+1 or N+1 redundancy. The unit is designed to support continuous operations and have no single point of failure. Table 8 summarizes redundant components in an Alcatel 7510 MG. Table 8
Hardware Fan tray Media Conversion Module Circuit Interface Module Packet Interface Module System Control Module Switch Fabric Module Power Timing Signaling Port
Hardware Redundancy
Redundancy (active + standby) Three fan trays, loadsharing, only two required for operation. Pooled architecture scheme in 1+1 or n+1 redundant configurations. SDH CIM: 1+1 PDH CIM: n+1 1+1 1+1 1+1 A+B power feed, 1+1 Two sources of external SSU or BITS network timing signals, 1+1. Two Fast Ethernet ports, 1+1.
The following operational processes have been optimized to prevent adverse effects to service availability:
" " " "
Software upgrades Fault management Route establishment Service expansion.
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The Alcatel 7510 MG chassis was designed to support hotswappable, redundant power sources and cooling devices. All control modules and TDM and packet interfaces, as well as voice processing modules, are fully redundant and hotswappable. This allows each module to be removed and replaced during operation (without shutting down the gateway). The Alcatel 7510 MG also offers fully redundant software applying to system control, call processing, signaling, and routing. The Alcatel 7510 MG Fault Tolerant Application Manager (FTAM) software detects internal and external outages, and restores services automatically when possible. The Alcatel 7510 MG is designed for a 99.999 % availability. The following sections describe how each module in the Alcatel 7510 MG operates in a faulttolerant mode.
2.8.1
System Control Module and Switch Fabric Module

The System Control Module and the Switch Fabric Module redundancy feature applying to the Alcatel 7510 MG allows a standby System Control Module to provide backup, if the active System Control Module fails. It also allows system software upgrades to be performed without incurring downtime. The System Control Module copies all configuration information stored in the active System Control Module into the standby System Control Module. In the event of active System Control Module failure, the standby System Control Module reads its configuration file, restarts the appropriate routing protocol, and rebuilds the routing tables and Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) entries. The standby System Control Module assumes communication with the softswitch without effecting the state of current calls. The packet switch fabric (cPSF) on each System Control Module connects to all modules in the system using two redundant 10/100 Mbit/s Ethernet MAC controllers. This provides redundant backplane connectivity to the rest of the system. All modules can receive backplane traffic on either bus. If a fault occurs on the packet switching fabric of the active System Control Module, the Alcatel 7510 MG immediately switches all traffic to the packet switching fabric on the standby System Control Module.
2.8.2
Packet Interface Module

If an active Packet Interface Module fails, the System Control Module designates the standby Packet Interface Module as the
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active module, and informs all other modules of the state changes made. An ARP broadcast response is sent using the newly enabled Packet Interface Module ports to ensure that subsequent data sent to the corresponding IP interface is directed toward its new new port. The System Control Module can also switch over the functions of one Packet Interface Module to another Packet Interface Module without disrupting traffic; this is done for maintenance purposes. Each link or channel state is monitored individually. If a link or channel failure is detected and reported, the FTAM informs all other modules. When a 'link down' message is received, each module clears address database and ARP entries pointing to the failed channel, ensuring that the information in the forwarding tables is current and correct.
Equipment Protection Switching - EPS
PIM protection groups can be configured in an Alcatel 7510 MG, when two Media Interface Modules (MIMs) are installed in adjacent slots, both being connected to one active and one standby PIM of an active and standby PIM pair. In this situation, when the active PIM experiences a fault, an EPS in the active MIM automatically switches over to the standby PIM. This action is known as Equipment Protection Switching (EPS). Similarly, if a data line connected to a PIM experiences a fault condition, the onboard Central Processing Unit (CPU) in the PIM controls an Automatic Protection Switch (also part of the PIM) to perform a line change from the defective line to an alternate line, ensuring continued data transmission. This action is known as Automatic Protection Switching.
Automatic Protection Switching - APS
2.8.3
Circuit Interface Module

If an active Circuit Interface Module fails, the System Control Module designates the standby Circuit Interface Module as the active module, and informs all other modules. The newly activated Circuit Interface Module sends a signal through the TDM fabric to indicate its change of status. When the Media Conversion Modules detect this TDM signal, they switch over to the new TDM fabric. Since all TDM connections are identically set on the newly activated Circuit Interface Module, this transition has no impact on current calls.
Equipment Protection Switching - EPS
CIM protection groups can be configured in an Alcatel 7510 MG, when two MIMs are installed in adjacent slots, both being connected to one active and one standby CIM of an active and
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standby CIM pair. In this situation, when the active CIM experiences a fault, an Equipment Protection Switch in the active MIM automatically switches over to the standby CIM. This action is known as Equipment Protection Switching.
Automatic Protection Switching - APS
Similarly, if a data line connected to a CIM experiences a fault condition, the onboard CPU in the CIM controls an Automatic Protection Switch (also part of the CIM) to perform a line change from the faulty line to an alternate line, ensuring continued data transmission. This action is known as Automatic Protection Switching.
2.8.4
Media Conversion Module

By default, all Media Conversion Module operate in an N+1 redundant mode. All control messages to the Voice manager server in the MCM are forwarded transparently via the synchronization manager. The synchronization manager is responsible for distributing the data of all registered calls in the active MCMs to the standby MCM. The standby MCM is always synchronized with the data of all active MCMs and ready to takeover the function of one of these modules. The Alcatel 7510 MG can also assign the nonredundant mode to MCM modules. If an active Media Conversion Module fails, the System Control Module designates the standby Media Conversion Module as the active module, and informs all other modules of these changes. The Circuit Interface Module immediately swaps the TDM data streams connected to the failed Media Conversion Module to the newly activated Media Conversion Module. The Packet Interface Module and the System Control Module update their forwarding tables, to allow all entries in their tables to point to the correct DSP in the newly activated Media Conversion Module.
2.8.5
Signaling
The Megaco or SIGTRAN signaling links between a softswitch and an Alcatel 7510 MG are fully redundant. The Alcatel 7510 MG terminates the Megaco or SIGTRAN signaling links on the 10/100 Mbit/s Ethernet ports of a pair of fully redundant System Control Modules. From the 10/100 Mbit/s Ethernet port of the System Control Module, each Megaco or SIGTRAN signaling connection can be transmitted from the Alcatel 7510 MG over the IP network using different physical routes, and terminate on two physically redundant interfaces in the softswitch. This configuration
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avoids any single point of failure for Megaco or SIGTRAN signaling traffic. The Alcatel 7510 MG also provides a 'keep alive' function serving the signaling links to ensure correct communication. The control software in the Alcatel 7510 MG maintains a database of all call termination IDs and call contexts, and can manage queues to process all pending messages to be sent to the softswitch. The control software maintains this database and the corresponding message queues on the standby System Control Module. If the active System Control Module fails, the Alcatel 7510 MG automatically switches over to the standby System Control Module, which then automatically communicates with the softswitch without effecting the states of active calls.
2.8.6
Power
Each module in an Alcatel 7510 MG uses one of two parallel power sources that are connected to the backplane of the chassis to provide power redundancy. The two power sources are either both -48 V, or both -60V DC. If the active power source fails, the system automatically switches to the standby power source. The Alcatel 7510 MG hardware manages power source status, low voltage, and corrective action if a power source fails. The voltage available to all modules is also monitored; if the voltage provided to a board falls below the level required for reliable operation, the affected board executes a faultinitiated hard reset.
2.8.7
Cooling
There are three fan trays in an Alcatel 7510 MG, two active and one standby. Each fan tray contains three fans. Fan status and overall chassis temperature are continuously monitored. The chassis management software issues commands to the fan trays to adjust fan speeds. If the temperature is determined to be above the limit allowed, the fan speeds are increased to reduce the temperature. The system also sends appropriate traps to the network management software when a change in fan status occurs.
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2.9
IP Services
The Alcatel 7510 MG features comprehensive IP routing using a complete IPv4 protocol set, which includes the RIP v1.0 and RIP v.2, and OSPF v.2 protocols. In addition, the Alcatel 7510 MG supports DNS routing to resolve packettarget host names, and NTP to synchronize its system time with various network TimeServers in accordance with RFC 1305.
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2.10
Internet Routing Protocols

The Alcatel 7510 MG contains a complete IPv4 protocol stack to provide Layer 3 packet forwarding (to process IP traffic), as well as a set of management services. The Alcatel 7510 MG supports standard addressing techniques, including subnet addressing, Variable Length Subnet Masks (VLSM), and unnumbered links to serve dialup and wide area network interfaces. IP packet forwarding and the Address Resolution Protocol are both distributed in each forwarding module. The following list summarizes the set of Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)/IP protocols and applications available in an Alcatel 7510 MG that apply to IP routing support and management:
"
Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) Version 4.3 TCP and Telnet UDP for RIP routing protocol support and network management Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) and TFTP for system booting and file transfer.
"
"
2.10.1
Routing Information Protocol

The Alcatel 7510 MG supports the RIP and RIP v2 in accordance with RFC 1058 and RFC 1388, respectively. The RIP implementation includes VLSM with RIP v2, import and export filters to perform RIP updates, poison reverse to prevent routing loops, and default routes.
2.10.2
Open Shortest Path First

The Alcatel 7510 MG supports the OSPF routing protocol in accordance with RFC 1583, OSPF Version 2. The OSPF implementation supports the following area types (see Table 9).
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Table 9
Open Shortest Path First Area Types Supported

Description The backbone area provides a transit area that contains external OSPF routes; these routes can be advertized across the backbone area. Unlike the backbone area, no external OSPF routes can be created or sent across the stub area. NSSA, in accordance with RFC 1587, lies between the backbone area and the stub area. An external OSPF route cannot be sent across an NSSA area; it can only be created and advertized within the NSSA area.
Area Type Supported Backbone Area
Stub Area
NotSoStubArea (NSSA)
The Alcatel 7510 MG can act as an Area Border Router (ABR) or an Autonomous System Boundary Router (ASBR) to support connection to an OSPF routing environment. ABRs support connection to multiple areas in an OSPF domain, and ASBRs provide boundary routing from an OSPF domain to other routing domains, for example to an RIP routing domain. The OSPF protocol calculates the cost of each link available to the Alcatel 7510 MG, and determines the shortest path to reach a destination. The Alcatel 7510 MG also supports multiple equal cost forwarding, and can share routing loads between links if several links incur the same cost. Information about link costs and link states is distributed using Link State Advertizement (LSA) messages. To ensure that link information is sent from a valid source, the Alcatel 7510 MG supports authentication during link updates.
2.10.3
Domain Name Service

The Alcatel 7510 MG supports DNS service to correlate host names with IP addresses, as specified in RFC 1877. IP addresses can be configured for both the primary and secondary DNS servers.
2.10.4
Network Time Protocol

The Alcatel 7510 MG supports NTP version 4 in accordance with RFC 2030, to synchronize the local Alcatel 7510 MG system time with one or more network time servers. This provides a reliable and precise timing reference for all logging services. The Alcatel 7510 MG periodically sends NTP messages to the time server and
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adjusts its local system time with the time stamp embedded in the reply messages.
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3 Functional Architecture and Software

This chapter provides information concerning the Alcatel 7510 MG architecture and hardware. The following sections are presented: G G G G G G G Introduction Media Gateway Functional Architecture Backplane Structure Clock Generator Alarms Software Signaling
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3.1
Introduction
The Alcatel 7510 MG was specifically designed to meet the requirements applying to a carriergrade media gateway that can connect TDM circuitswitched networks to IP packetswitched networks. It employs a highly flexible dual switching architecture that permits large scale TDMto Packet and TDMtoTDM switching operations. TDM and packet switching operations occur in this gateway simultaneously. Some important considerations that were involved when developing the Alcatel 7510 MG were:
"
Scaleability, regarding the ease with which the system capacity can be increased to meet the demands of growing future traffic requirements Usage, i.e., network integrated and standalone installations Efficiency in terms of components that can be shared to reduce overall production costs Reliability.
" "
"
3.1.1
Scalable Capacity
The Alcatel 7510 MG possesses dedicated bandwidth to support native transport of high capacity packet voice traffic within the gateway. The Alcatel 7510 MG supports up to 16,128 simultaneous VoIP connections in a single chassis, using the following interfaces per module: PSTN interfaces Two PSTN interface types:
D D
4 optical OC3/STM1 interfaces (up to two active modules per Alcatel 7510 MG) 32 T1/E1 interfaces (up to 10 active modules per Alcatel 7510 MG)
Packet interfaces One optical Gigabit Ethernet IP interface (up to two active modules per Alcatel 7510 MG) DSP module Up to 4K VoIP ports and seven active DSP modules per Alcatel 7510 MG (allows high capacity; also when compressed codecs are used)
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3.1.2
Usage
The Alcatel 7510 MG can be deployed in standalone configurations in a distributed network topology, or in a rack configuration in centralized installations. The Alcatel 7510 MG is designed to be a VoIP Trunking Gateway that can be further optimized to operate in future gateway applications.
3.1.3
Efficiency
Efficiency is guaranteed by using a DSP architecture and shared memory.
DSP Architecture
Flexible switching and a pooled DSP architecture are employed to allow applicationspecific optimization. The Alcatel 7510 MG architecture ensures maximum versatility and reliability by pooling DSP resources and assigning them dynamically. Note The dynamic allocation of DSPs is very efficient and flexible in case of TDM hairpinning, because DSPs can be inserted or removed in midcall.
Forwarding resources and DSPs are physically available to each port on any TDM or packet interface. Distributed forwarding and resource pooling in the Alcatel 7510 MG serve to optimize the cost of the Alcatel 7510 MG - the most expensive components, DSP resources and forwarding engines, are shared by all ports and interfaces.
Shared Memory
The memory used for classification, buffering, and to store routing tables is also shared by all modules, further reducing the total cost of the gateway.
3.1.4
Quality Of Service - QOS

The Alcatel 7510 MG offers advanced Quality Of Service (QOS) service levels pertaining to packet voice traffic, from best effort to guaranteed delivery; the gateway implements DiffServ and IP ToS to differentiate QoS priorities that are maintained for all modules (see also section 2.6).
3.1.5
Redundancy, Reliability and Availability

As NGN technologies begin to offer an alternative to PSTN networks, softswitches and media gateways must guarantee the highest level of reliability and availability to meet the most
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stringent deployment requirements applicable to exchange environments. The Alcatel 7510 MG has been designed incorporating numerous redundancy and fault tolerance features to provide the highest level of gateway availability and reliability.
Redundancy The Alcatel 7510 MG supports as many as 20 modules having
1+1 or N+1 redundancy. It is designed to support continuous operations without any point of failure. Consistent configuration information and replicated call data are maintained in each standby module; this prevents losing active calls when an Alcatel 7510 MG switches from an active to a standby module, e.g., to perform maintenance or upgrade actions. Each module contains complete software copies to ensure that the Alcatel 7510 MG remains online while software upgrades are being performed or should a module fail. Communication between the Alcatel 7510 MG and a softswitch is also fully redundant (see also section 2.8).
Redundancy Groups
To combine software and hardware redundancy the A7510 MG is configured as a set of redundancy groups. Every 1+1 redundancy group contains a pair of physical modules, the related interfaces and software. An n+1 redundancy group consists of n+1 physical modules and the corresponding interfaces and software. These logical groups allow the access to other modules and resources using logical addresses, while hiding their physical presence.
Additional Redundancy Additionally, the Alcatel 7510 MG offers full software redundancy:
" " " " "
System control functions Call processing Call signaling Routing Memory.
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3.2
Media Gateway Functional Architecture

The Alcatel 7510 MG is a multipurpose hardware/software platform. A short description of the functional architecture, as well as individual functional descriptions of the modules involved follow.
3.2.1
Functional Architecture
Each Alcatel 7510 MG simultaneously interfaces to a TDM network and an IP network. Logical interconnections of the functional modules inside of an Alcatel 7510 MG are shown in Figure 11.
Fast Ethernet
Link to MGC System Control Module
F Eth
F Eth
F Eth
F Eth
Media Conversion Module Multi-DSP System TDM TDM Circuit (TDM) TDM Switch Fabric Module Packet G Eth G Eth G Eth
Circuit-Oriented Functions
Packet-Oriented Functions
0198_loinhm_ed02
DSP F Eth G Eth TDM
: : : :
Digital Signal Processor Fast Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet Time Division Multiplex
Figure 11
Logical Interconnections of the Functional Modules The functional architecture shown involves the following modules:
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"
System Control Module The system control software is stored in the SCM. Switch Fabric Module The Switch Fabric Module contains the packet switches and circuit switches.
"
"
Media Conversion Module The Media Conversion Module provides pooled DSP resources.
"
Circuit Interface Module The Circuit Interface Module contains channelized OC3/STM1 and T1/E1 interfaces. It provides the time stage of TDM switching, which, e.g., is used together with the space stage switch on the SFM, to perform TDM hairpinning.
"
Packet Interface Module The Packet Interface Module contains the optical Gigabit Ethernet uplink ports, and provides the first stage of packet switching (tier 1 switching).
3.2.2
System Control Module

The System Control Module uses a Packet Switching Fabric (PSF) (the cPSF) to provide dedicated 100 Mbit/s Ethernet links to manage and communicate with every other module in the Alcatel 7510 MG. The System Control Module initializes, configures, resets, and performs runtime management of the system; it also gathers system statistics and performs diagnostic testing. The System Control Module also provides outofband management ports (Ethernet and RS232) to connect to a crafts port, and an alarm manager that supervises external alarms. The SCM provides a forwarding server to forward traffic from a Media Conversion Module, and from the packet switch fabric, which is part of the Switch Fabric Module. It also includes the System Route Server (SRS) and System Management Server (SMS) functions. The SRS calculates routes and performs route distribution. The SMS provides overall system control (e.g., resetting and monitoring the status of different modules) and downloads copies of software (software images) that are to be stored in other hardware modules.
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The functional architecture of the System Control Module is shown in Figure 12.
Central Processing Unit SDRAM
Packet Switch Fabric Controller
To Media Conversion Module To Packet Interface Module To Craft
Controller
Physical Block
To Fast Ethernet
NVRAM
Chassis Management Modules
PROM
To Alarms To Fans To Fuses To Status
Memory
0200_fumoscm_ed02
Flash
Figure 12
Functional Architecture of the System Control Module
Table 10 lists the functions performed by the System Control Module. Table 10
Feature Functions
System Control Module Functions

Description System Management Megaco/H.248 application software Control of media switching OAM
Redundancy
1+1 redundant - one active, the second a hot standby EPS and APS for Fast Ethernet interface (signaling and OAM)
3.2.3
Switch Fabric Module

To maximize performance, the Alcatel 7510 MG incorporates two types of switches on the Switch Fabric Module. Each switch, called a switch fabric, is optimized to process a specific type of traffic,
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i.e., TDM traffic (in the circuit switch) or packet traffic (in the packet switch, dPSF). The Switch Fabric Module is a high capacity module that simultaneously processes TDM and packetswitching. The functional architecture of the Switch Fabric Module is shown in Figure 13.
Packet Switch Fabric Central Processing Unit SDRAM Controller
Circuit Switch Fabric
Controller Manager Target
NVRAM
PROM
Memory
0209_sfm_ed01
Flash
Figure 13
Functional Architecture of the Switch Fabric Module
The Alcatel 7510 MG incorporates a fully redundant pair of nonblocking 16 Gbit/s packet switch fabrics and a fully redundant pair of nonblocking 10 Gbit/s circuit (TDM) switch fabrics on the Switch Fabric Module.
Circuit (TDM) Switch Each one of the 32 circuit (TDM) switch fabric carries 9000 DS0 Fabric circuits, and performs all TDM distribution, switching, and
grooming functions. The distributed TDM switching architecture of the Alcatel 7510 MG supports termination of DS0s. It also supports 100 % TDM hairpinning by providing a full DS0level crossconnect inside of the gateway. This avoids any kind of TDM format conversions and associated transfer delays that occur when sending TDM traffic across a noncircuit (TDM) switch fabric.
Packet Switch Fabric The packet switch fabric (the dPSF) on the SFM maintains the data
plan and provides interconnections between the MCM and PIM
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modules, allowing VoIP packets to be exchanged between them. The packet switch fabric provides a dedicated bandwidth of multiple Fast Ethernet/Gigabit segments to each module.
External Connections
Figure 14 shows the connections between the Switch Fabric Module and other modules.
Media Conversion Module 1
1 2
Circuit (TDM)
1 Packet 2 Circuit Interface Module
Switch Fabric Module 1/2/3 Switch Fabric Module Standby
1 TDM 1.25 Gbit/s 2 Gigabit Ethernet 1 Gbit/s 3 Fast Ethernet 100 Mbit/s 0199_conramo_ed02
TDM : Time Division Multiplex
Figure 14
External Switch Fabric Module Connections
The Switch Fabric Module uses dedicated 1.25 Gbit/s TDMlinks to communicate with every Circuit Interface Module and the Media Conversion Module, as well as dedicated 1 Gbit/s GigabitEthernetlinks to communicate with every Packet Interface Module and the Media Conversion Module within the Alcatel 7510 MG to process signaling information and transport voicetraffic. The Switch Fabric Module possesses outofband management ports (Ethernet and RS232) to connect to a crafts port, and an alarm manager that supervises external alarms.
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Summary of Functions Table 11 lists the functions of the Switch Fabric Module.
Table 11
Feature Functional
Switch Fabric Module Functions

Description Performs switching of Ethernet packets Performs forwarding of packets that originate from Media Conversion Modules
Scalability & Performance Redundancy Capacity
The packet switch fabric supports scalability through two generations of density evolution 1+1 redundant - one active, the second is a hot standby Packet switch: 16 Gbit/s Circuit switch: 10 Gbit/s
3.2.4

Two types of CIMs are available: SDH CIM Contains 4 OC3/STM1 ports, supporting either a SONET or SDH network PDH CIM Contains 32 T1/E1 ports, supporting a PDH network All PSTN functions, including signaling, monitoring, timing, and alarm processing, are managed by processors on the CIM. The CIM also performs TDM switching, (e.g., to perform hairpinning), and distributes traffic to the Media Conversion Module. An active and a standby CIM are connected to the TDM network. The EPS configuration protects the CIMs and the APS takes care of the link protection. The active CIM performs line interfacing, timing recovery, framing, and TDM switching and grooming. A fully equipped Alcatel 7510 MG can carry more than 16,000 DS0s protected in this manner (two active/standby pairs). In case of a hairpinning configuration, the Alcatel Media Gateway can carry up to 64,512 DS0s. Figure 15 shows the functional architecture of the Circuit Interface Module.
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To Line
TDM Interface a. Multiplexor
To Switch Fabric Module
Controller
PROM
Clock Recovery
To SSU or Bits Input
0211_famocim_ed02
BITS PTOM TDM SSU
: Building Integrated Timing Source : Programmable Read Only Memory : Time Division Multiplex
: Synchronization Supply Unit
Figure 15
Functional Architecture of the Circuit Interface Module
Table 12 lists the functions of the Circuit Interface Module. Table 12

Feature Functional
Circuit Interface Module Functions

Description Provides a TDM receive and transmit interface, performing full DS0level extraction. Provides up to two timing domains; each domain can be synchronized to any TDM interface. Provides up to two TDM switches, which are full DS0level capable.
Scalability & Performance
The TDM switch supports distribution to all Media Conversion Modules. The TDM switch supports DS0 switching locally on the Circuit Interface Module.
Redundancy
SDH supports 1+1 EPS and APS redundancy for an SDH or SONET configuration. PDH supports n+1 EPS redundancy for a T1/E1 configuration.
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3.2.5

The Packet Interface Module possesses a highspeed IP interface in the form of an optical Gigabit Ethernet interface. The Packet Interface Module accepts and forwards packets to and from the core packet network. The Packet Interface Module provides the backbone packet network interface using an optical multimode Gigabit Ethernet interface. In addition, the Packet Interface Module functions include:
" " " " " "
Line termination Framing Packet buffering on input Fairness policing on input Forwarding Buffering on output Rate shaping on output.
The EPS configuration protects the PIMs and the APS takes care of the link protection. Figure 16 shows the functional architecture of the Packet Interface Module.
Memory Central Processing Unit SDRAM Line Block Backplane Block To Packet Network
Memory Controller
To Switch Fabric Module
PROM
Central Processing Unit
0201_fumopim_ed02
Figure 16
Functional Architecture of the Packet Interface Module
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Table 13 lists the features of the Packet Interface Module

Table 13
Feature Functional
Packet Interface Module Features

Description Provides the backbone line receive interface Supports buffering and shaping Supports packetlevel marking using appropriate levels of QoS Provides routed packets to the packet switch
Scalability & Performance
A PIM card provides a full duplex Gigabit Ethernet interface (i.e., 1000 Base Sx) A PIM can handle up to 8 k ephemeral terminations (designed to cover maximum 8064 RTP streams using G.711 codecs without VAD and 5 % Real time Transport Control Protocol (RTCP))
Redundancy
1+1 or 2+2
3.2.6

The Alcatel 7510 MG can be preconfigured to support up to 5 Media Conversion Modules. Each of the Media Conversion Modules can convert up to 4,032 DS0 voicechannels (G.711) to packet format, and vice versa. A Media Conversion Module consists of a pool of DSP resources, several highspeed microprocessors, memory, and buses to support a large number of voice over IP connections. The DSPs, part of the Media Conversion Module, perform voice processing and signal recognition to discriminate between voice and data signals, e.g., fax, modem, or DTMF signals. The DTMF signals are transmitted inband in the packet network using the G.711 Codec or according to RFC 2833. On detection of FAX or modem tones, the DSP automatically switches over to FAXmodem bypass (G.711) or T.38, depending on the configuration used. Figure 17 shows the functional architecture of the Media Conversion Module.
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Backplane To Packet Switch Fabric Block Digital Signal Processor Pool
Controller
PROM
TDM Multiplexor
To Circuit Switch Fabric
0202_fumomcm_ed02
Figure 17
Functional Architecture of the Media Conversion Module
Table 14 lists the features of the Media Conversion Module. Table 14

Feature Functional
Media Conversion Module Features

Description Provides a pool of DSPs that process voice, fax or data Supports G.711 (law and Alaw), G.729A/B, G.723.1 and G.726 CNG VAD Silence Suppression Echo Cancellation Jitter Buffer PLC
Scalability & Performance Redundancy
Supports scalability of up to 4,032 G.711 channels per module Pooled architecture scheme in 1+1 or n+1 redundant configurations
3.2.7
Capacity, Scaleability and Redundancy

Capacity, scalability and redundancy are the most important characteristics applicable to carrierclass media gateways. Service providers desiring to expand their networks in a converging market must be able to add subscribers quickly, easily and as costeffectively as possible.
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A single Alcatel 7510 MG provides an entrylevel configuration capable of managing a packet switching capacity of 16 Gbit/s , and a circuit switching capacity of 10 Gbit/s. The VoIP call capacity in the Alcatel 7510 MG is determined by the number and the redundancy configuration of the Media Conversion Modules. Note The MCM is not involved in a TDM hairpinning configuration.
Table 15 presents an overview of the gateway capacities per module, and redundancy. Table 15
Module SCM MCM with G.711 codecs
Overview of Capacity and Redundancy per Module

Capacity 135 calls per second 1 to 4,032 DS0s ... to ... 12,097 to 16,128 DS0s Active/ Standby 1+1 1+1 ...+... 4+4 or 4+1 ... 7+1 1+1 ...+... 4+4 1+1 ...+... 4+4 1+1 ...+... 10+1 1+1 ...+... 10+1 1+1 2+2 1+1
MCM with G.729 codecs CIM (SDH ( ANSI config.) g)
Up to 16,128 DS0s 1 to 8,064 DS0s ... to ... 24,193 to 32,256
CIM (SDH ( ETSI config.) g)
1 to 7,812 DS0s ... to ... 23,437 to 31,248
CIM (PDH ( ANSI config.) g)
1 to 768 DS0s ... to ... 6,913 to 7,680
CIM (PDH ( ETSI config.) g)
1 to 992 DS0s ... to ... 8,929 to 9,920
PIM
1 to 8,064 RTP terminations 8,065 to 16,128 RTP terminations
SFM
All configurations
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3.2.8
Summary of Module Functions

Table 16 summarizes the VoIP functions managed by each of the applicationspecific Alcatel 7510 MG modules.
Table 16
VoIP Functions Processed by the Modules

System Control Module X X X X (control) X (tier 2 switching) X X (tier 1 switching) X X X X X X X X X (optional) X Switch Fabric Module Packet Interface Module Circuit Interface Module Media Conversion Module
VoIP Functionality
Overall System Initialization and Management Call and Connection Management Packet Forwarding and IP Routing Packet Switching
TDM Switching PSTN Interface Packet Interface Media Processing Clock Recovery and Distribution Silence Detection/Suppression, Comfort Noise Generation, and EchoCancellation Operations Interface
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3.3
Backplane Structure
The Alcatel 7510 MG backplane structure includes a TDM Bus, two Data Buses, one Redundant Bus, and a Clock Distribution Bus.
3.3.1
TDM Bus
The TDM bus on the Switch Fabric Module provides TDM links which carry DS0 bit streams from TDM input ports to digital modems. TDM links carry traffic between the PSTN interface and the voice processing modules. Each TDM stream has an input line and an output line. The voice processing modules take data from input streams and deliver it to output streams. The PSTN interface modules place received data into input streams, and send data received from output streams back into the line.
3.3.2
Data Bus
The data bus on the Switch Fabric Module provides Gigabit Ethernet links and Fast Ethernet links to transfer traffic between hardware modules. These data links carry internal protocol and control messages, using advanced multicast circuitry. The data links interconnect all Alcatel 7510 MG modules; they operate on a loadsharing basis, and act as a redundant pair for backup purposes.
3.3.3
Redundant Bus
The Alcatel 7510 MG uses a dedicated Redundant Bus concept to detect failures in the system; redundant buses operate in a loadsharing mode, and act as a redundant pair for backup purposes.
3.3.4
Clock Distribution Bus

This section explains the narrowband clock distribution and the broadband clock generator.
Narrowband Clock Distribution
Clock signals are distributed using two distribution branches in a ramifying tree structure, employing the Circuit Interface Module in two hierarchical levels serving as many as 20 boards. Each board can select one of the two distribution branches.
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Broadband Clock Generator
The broadband clock generator is an internal 19.44 MHz Crystal Oscillator that is synchronized to an 8 kHz clock signal taken from one of the two distribution branches.
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3.4
Clock Generator
The Alcatel 7510 MG can be deployed in service provider networks that use a clock distribution system that was established according to the hierarchical sourcereceiver method. The Alcatel 7510 MG includes a redundant clock generation and distribution subsystem that are located on the Circuit Interface Module. Each clock module can use one of three sources to generate a reference clock signal:
" " "
A local crystal oscillator that is Stratum 3 Clock compatible An external SSU or BITS source clock signal A TDM (from CIM) interface, 8 kHz line timing signal.
The Alcatel 7510 MG receives its external clock source at an SSU (SDH configuration) or BITS (SONET configuration) port, which is located on the back of the chassis, or from the line timing signals at the TDM interfaces. The Alcatel 7510 MG internally distributes two clock signals, a primary and a secondary, to all modules. The secondary clock signal provides a backup if the primary fails. Each of the two clock signals is generated by two independent clock, recovery, synthesis, and distribution systems (each a single chip) on the SCM modules. Clock mechanisms supported by the Alcatel 7510 MG:
" " "
Two clock reference sources, one primary and one secondary SSU (2.048 MHz) or BITS (1.544 MHz) ports Alternative clock source can be derived from a TDM link (line timing) Userselected clock source Revertible clock source selection (the primary clock source is reselected after an outage) Revertive automatic selection to the primary clock source in case of failure Internal Stratum 3 Clock to be used if all external timing input fails Clock recovery and clock generation from configurable interfaces.
" "
"
"
"
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3.5
Alarms
The Alcatel 7510 MG supports the following alarm severity classification (in accordance with X.733):
" " " " "
Critical Major Minor Warning Information
Additionally, the Alcatel 7510 MG supports the following alarm types (in accordance with X.733):
" " " " "
Communication Quality of Service Processing Error Equipment Environmental
The visualization and management of alarms is performed by the Element Management System (for details, see Section 4.3.2).
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3.6
Software
The Alcatel 7510 MG contains a distributed software system. The following description of the software architecture involves each node in the system, as well as the model used to realize communication between these nodes. The Alcatel 7510 MG uses a layered, modular software architecture (see Figure 18). This architecture is based on an open, programmable call control model that performs call processing independent of other functions, like resource management, routing, or forwarding. The software consists of the following modules:
" " "
Kernel Software Network Layer Software Application Layer Software.
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Application Layer SIGTRAN SCTP Megaco MGCP OSPF RIP TFTP SNMP Mast Agent On-Line Diagnostics
SNMP Sub Agent Telnet
UI Subsystem
TCP
UDP
IP Management Interface
Network Layer Redundancy Manager MultiCast Manager Resource Mangager Config Manager
Kernel
Routing Table ARP Function, Table MARP Function IP Stack, Cache, Filter High Speed IP Forwarder File System Kernel Software
TDM
FTAM
Voice Port
Protocol Demux
Generic Forewarding Interface
TTY Driver
Flash File Driver
Hardware Layer HdS
FTAM IP MGCP OSPF RIP SCTP 0169_rtimearch_ed01
: : : : : :
Fault Tolerant Application Management Internet Protocol Media Gateway Control Protocol Open Shortest Path First Routing Information Protocol Stream Control Transmission Protocol
SNMP TCP TFTP UDP UI
: : : : :
Simple Network Management Protocol Transmission Control Protocol Trivial File Transfer Protocol User Datagram Protocol User Interface
Figure 18
Runtime Architecture
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3.6.1
Kernel Software
The Kernel software contains limited but efficient scheduling and communication services. All software modules, with few exceptions, use the tasking model provided by the kernel software. The packet processing modules (e.g., the Generic Forwarding Interface (GFI) and the high speed forwarder) do not use the kernel tasking model; this minimizes performance overhead when forwarding packets.
3.6.2
Network Layer Software

The network layer software consists of the following modules:
" " " " " " " " " " "
Redundancy Manager Multicast Manager Resource Manager Configuration Manager Routing Server/Packet Forwarding TDM Manager Software FTAM Voice Port Software Routing Tables Protocol Demux GFI Software.
Redundancy Manager
The Redundancy Manager manages switchover operations and other system reactions to failures. It also provides services to other modules in the system, allowing them to synchronize and register the current configuration of the system, should a failure occur. Additionally, this module maintains the current configuration of the system regarding the active and standby modes of all software modules, as well as other parameters that effect the entire system. The Multicast Manager software lists ports that can be used to multicast packets internally. Applications running in the System Control Module can dynamically create or delete multicast lists. Once a multicast list has been created, it can be accessed globally by all applications running in all modules. The Resource Manager software allocates and releases DSP resources that can be assigned to voice channels. The Resource Manager software stored in each DSP module tracks the status and availability of all DSPs. When a dedicated line is configured, or when a switched call is received, a request is broadcast to each
Multicast Manager
Resource Manager
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DSP module. The Resource Manager software in each DSP module receives the request and determines which resources are required to set up a TDM circuit, beginning at the input port to the pooled DSPs.
Configuration Manager
The Configuration Manager software is responsible for:

"
managing all configuration requests received from the software using it. managing the configuration database. distributing configuration information to various access modules.
" "
The Configuration Manager software provides a service to all other modules, distributing configuration information across all boards, but it does not register configuration parameters. It also stores and retrieves configuration information received from the Configuration database, which is stored in the System Control Module flash memory. These modules run as a task on each board.
Routing Server/Packet Forwarding TDM Manager
The Routing Server/Packet Forwarding software forwards IP packets according to information stored in the module cache memory, forwarding tables, and a central forwarding table. The TDM Manager software sets up and releases TDM connections (DS0 paths). This software consists of several submodules. The major submodules are the:
" " "
TDM Call Control Manager TDM Driver TDM Server.
FTAM
The FTAM software monitors the Alcatel 7510 MG software components to ensure nonstop operation. The FTAM uses microprocessorbased module managers (located in each module) to control system startup, sense hardware status, and measure internal temperatures. It provides services to application tasks that require fault tolerance observation. It also communicates with FTAM tasks running in all other access modules, ensuring that application tasks operate correctly, and provides switchover capabilities if an application fails. The Voice Port software supervises the establishment of voice channels; this primarily consists of configuring and managing DSP
Voice Port
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resources that were previously allocated by the resource manager. The Voice Port software consists of the Voice Port Client / Server.
Routing Tables Routing Tables are stored in the Configuration Database
Manager (CDBM) software, which collects, distributes, and stores configuration information applying to the entire gateway. The Protocol Demux software provides a demultiplex function to route packets from the Layer 2 interface to higher layer protocols. This module is responsible for all packets received or sent as Media. In coordination with the Port Interface (PIF) software, this module deencapsulates IP packets before sending them to the IP forwarder software, thereby supporting the Ethernet. The GFI software provides a uniform interface to the forwarding functions; this interface hides the details of transmitting and receiving packets over interfaces of different types. It also defines an interface that the driver software uses to deliver packets they received, and to transmit packets from the gateway.
Protocol Demux
GFI
3.6.3
Application Layer Software

The application layer software consists of the following modules:
" " " " " " " " " "
Telnet TCP User Datagram Protocol (UDP) SIGTRAN/SCTP Megaco OSPF and RIP TFTP SNMPv3 UI Module IP Management Interface.
Telnet
Support of Telnet applies only to incoming Telnet requests as described in the initial Telnet release. Users can use Telnet to reach an Alcatel 7510 MG; this applies to any interface that is configured for IP . Outgoing Telnet functions are only used internally in the system to implement the remote console feature; this feature allows a user working at the System Control Module console to connect to the `console' of any other access module.
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TCP The TCP software implements RFC 793 and RFC 1122. The TCP
ports transport Telnet.
UDP The UDP software implements RFC 768. The UDP ports transport
RTP , Megaco/H.248 and SNMP .
SIGTRAN/SCTP The SIGTRAN/SCTP represents the architecture used to transport
realtime signaling data over IP networks. The SIGTRAN protocol uses the SCTP as a transport layer, instead of using TCP and a set of user adaptation layers. The SIGTRAN/SCTP supports communication between an Alcatel 7510 MG and a softswitch. The Megaco protocol represent the application in an Alcatel 7510 MG that services requests from an MGC and returns responses to that MGC. Communication between the Alcatel 7510 MG and an MGC follows the industrystandardized Megaco protocol. When the Megaco protocol is used, the software is a combination of the Megaco stack and the adaptation layers around it that are used to integrate Megaco functionally into an Alcatel 7510 MG.
Megaco/H.248
OSPF and RIP
The OSPF and RIP are IP routing protocols that are supported by an Alcatel 7510 MG. These protocols comply with appropriate RFCs (like RFCs 1058 and 1247). Any IP packet routing interface can be configured to run using one of these routing protocols. The TFTP complies with the standard RFC 1350. The TFTP on the System Control Module consists of two components: the client and the server tasks. The client task is used to initiate file transfers from an Alcatel 7510 MG, using user commands. The server task responds to TFTP requests received from the network.
TFTP
SNMPv.3
The SNMPv.3 agent implements the standard RFC 1157. SNMP requests received on any interface in an Alcatel 7510 MG are directed to the master agent task, a process that runs in the System Control Module. The master agent in the System Control Module responds to these requests by making calls to access functions in its subagent. The subagent implements all standard Management Information Bases (MIBs) that are relevant, as well as enterprise MIBs that
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contain Alcatel 7510 MG specific MIB extensions (see Appendix B.4). The master agent either communicates with MIB objects stored in the System Control Module, or it sends messages to subagent processes in access modules to communicate with MIB objects that are stored in other modules.
UI Module
The UI Module implements the CLI specified to configure and monitor an Alcatel 7510 MG. This software controls as many as four simultaneous sessions. The UI is a table driver software; it allows additions and changes to be easily accomplished. The IP Management Interface makes all forwarding decisions applying to IP packets. This software maintains a cache memory containing currently active destinations, as well as information required to forward a packet to a required destination; it also performs quick lookup and forwarding tasks to accelerate packet transmission.
IP Management Interface
3.6.4
Integrated Routing & Forwarding

The Alcatel 7510 MG integrates distributed Layer 3 forwarding, using a centralized routecalculator architecture to provide a highperformance, flexible routing environment. The route server in the System Control Module uses IP routing protocols (OSPF and RIP), distributing all routeforwarding information to the forwarding engines in the Media Conversion Module and the Packet Interface Modules. The forwarding engines respond to forwarding control instructions while considering QoS requirements.
3.6.5
Voice Processing
The Alcatel 7510 MG provides maximum density, using a modular, pooled DSP resource design. The DSPs use G.711, G.729A/B and G.723.1 Codecs that are available to any interface to perform voice compression, packetization, silence suppression, echo cancellation, and adaptive Jitter Buffer packet voiceprocessing services.
3.6.6
Software Redundancy
The Alcatel 7510 MG offers full software redundancy for:
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" "
" " " "
System control functions Call processing Call signaling Routing Memory Voice path.
These functions are designed to provide high service availability, continuous administration and hitless voice connections with:
" "
Failing Hardware (HW) or module (provided by EPS) Failing interface connections; provided by Automatic Protection Switch (APS) Administrative operations like software upgrades or configuration updates. MGC failover Application Server (AS) failover (SIGTRAN)
"
" "
Table 17 summarizes the redundant software components in the Alcatel 7510 MG. Table 17 Software Redundancy
Redundancy
System Software
Dual copies (images) All software modules within the Alcatel 7510 MG are of each software copied, i.e., have a dual software image, allowing component software upgrades to occur without losing active calls. Redundant components include the following: System and management software Signaling and gateway control software
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3.7
Signaling
The signaling information transmitted between an Alcatel 7510 MG and a softswitch using the Megaco v1 ,or SIGTRAN protocols establishes a voice path through the Alcatel 7510 MG (see Figure 19).
PSTN
Alcatel 7510 Media Gateway Softswitch Alcatel 7510 Media Gateway
PSTN : Public Switched Telephone Network 0203_mgconso_ed01
Figure 19
Alcatel 7510 MGs Connected to a Softswitch
The following sections provide examples for the:

" " " "
Initial signaling path Path from PSTN to packet network Path from packet network to PSTN Path from PSTN to PSTN.
3.7.1
Initializing the Signaling Path

When the Alcatel 7510 MG receives signaling messages that were initiated by the softswitch, it establishes a signaling path (see Figure 20).
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Megaco 2 SCM 3 3 MCM 3 4 TDM 4 CIM 4 SFM 3 4 To Packet Network 4 PIM CIM MCM MGCP PIM PSTN SCM SFM TDM 4
Softswitch 1
PSTN (Class 5)
UPD_0210_sfigmess_ss_ed02
: Circuit Interface Module : Media Conversion Module : Media Gateway Control Protocol : Packet Interface Module : Public Switched Telephone Network : System Control Module : Switch Fabric Module : Time Division Multiplex
Figure 20
Signal Messages between Softswitch and Gateway
The following sequence of events describes how a signaling path is established in the Alcatel 7510 MG in response to softswitch instructions: Sequence of Events 1 2 A local exchange switch in a PSTN signals the call origin to a softswitch. The softswitch generates Megaco v1.0 signaling messages and sends them to the originating gateway; this sets up a user path through the gateway (subsequently, the softswitch sends corresponding messages to the terminating gateway). The Megaco protocol, as well as call control applications running in the System Control Module, process the signaling messages received, and create a user connection inside of the Alcatel 7510 MG. This connection lies between a DSP that is located on the Media Conversion Module, and a DS0 that is located on the Circuit Interface Module. The System Control Module configures all resources necessary in the Circuit Interface Module, Switch Fabric Module, Media Conversion Module, and Packet Interface Module required to establish this connection.
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4
The voice bitstream received by the Alcatel 7510 MG can now be processed as described in the following sections.
3.7.2
Voice Path From the PSTN to the Packet Network

After a signaling path has been established, the Alcatel 7510 MG is able to accept and forward voice traffic. This section describes the voice path from the PSTN to the packet network. Figure 21 illustrates how traffic passes through the Alcatel 7510 MG.
Circuit Interface Module 1 PSTN TDM Interface
Media Conversion Module DSP Pool Forwarding 3 Switch Fabric Module Circuit Switch Fabric Packet Switch Fabric Packet Interface Module 6 IP Network Ethernet Forwarding 5 4
0204_mgtpat_ed02
DSP IP PSTN TDM
: : : :
Digital Signal Processor Internet Protocol Public Switched Telephone Network Time Division Multiplex
Figure 21
Traffic Path Through the Alcatel 7510 MG
The following sequence of events describes how a traffic path is established through an Alcatel 7510 MG:
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Sequence of Events
1 2 3
The TDM voice bitstream (a specified timeslot carrying 64 kbit/s) arrives at the Circuit Interface Module. The Circuit Interface Module switches the voice bitstream through a local TDM switch to the Switch Fabric Module. The Switch Fabric Module switches the TDM signal to a chosen outgoing channel in its local circuit switching fabric. Then the Switch Fabric Module forwards the TDM channel to the Media Conversion Module. The Media Conversion Module performs the desired voice processing services (e.g., echo cancellation, voice compression, etc.). Additionally, the Media Conversion Module adds a header to the user information, which is now stored in the voice packets to be transmitted.
5 6
The Media Conversion Module then sends the voice packets to the Switch Fabric Module local packet switching fabric. The Switch Fabric Module switches the voice packets to an outgoing packet channel and sends the voice packets to a Packet Interface Module. The Packet Interface Module forwards the voice packets to the IP network.
3.7.3
From the Packet network to the PSTN

When packets travel from the packet network to the TDM side of the voice path, they travel the same path (see Section 3.7.2) in reverse.
3.7.4
From the PSTN back to the PSTN

Figure 22 shows the path of traffic coming from the PSTN that is returned to the PSTN using the hairpinning feature.
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TDM Interface PSTN TDM Interface
Switch Fabric Module Space Stage Switch
0205_pptop_ed01
PSTN : Public Switched Telephone Network TDM : Time Division Multiplex
Figure 22
Path from PSTN back to PSTN, Hairpinning
The following sequence of events describes the hairpinning feature: Sequence of Events 1
The voice bitstream being received arrives at the Circuit Interface Module, is timeswitched, and then sent to the Switch Fabric Module. In the Switch Fabric Module, the bitstream is switched in the local Space Stage Switch, and then returned to the CIM. In the Circuit Interface Module, the local TDM timeswitching stage of the switch fabric receives the bitstream back from the spaceswitching stage of the Switch Fabric Module, and switches it locally back toward the PSTN.
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4 Operations, Administration, Maintenance, and Configuration

This chapter provides information concerning Operations, Administration, Maintenance and Configuration. The following topics are presented: G G G Introduction OnBoard Management Element Management
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4.1
Introduction
The Alcatel 7510 MG provides a complete set of system and element management tools, using onboard management modules, an extensive CLI, and the GUIbased Alcatel 7510 MG Element Management System (EMS) software. Onboard management modules include the following functions:
" " " "
Fault management Configuration management Performance management Security management.
These modules monitor functions performed by the Alcatel 7510 MG, and provide statistical or operational data using the CLI and the Alcatel 7510 MG EMS software. The Alcatel 7510 MG EMS provides a comprehensive suite of element management applications which allow realtime utilization and traffic reporting, performance monitoring, alarm surveillance and reporting, equipment configuration, and services (see Figure 23). It includes an embedded SNMP agent and supports a complete list of standardscompliant MIBs, including an Alcatel MIB to perform remote SNMPbased element management.
Fault Management
Configuration Management
Element Management
Performance Management 0109_fig26_gw_ed01
Security Management
Figure 23
Element Management Applications
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4.2
OnBoard Management
The Alcatel 7510 MG onboard management includes fault, configuration, performance, and security management functions. The onboard management set works in conjunction with the Alcatel 7510 MGEM software to efficiently configure and manage an Alcatel 7510 MG.
4.2.1
Fault Management
Fault management concerns detection, isolation, and correction of abnormal operations in an Alcatel 7510 MG. In addition to reporting functions, fault management performs diagnostic testing and fault correction, as well as alarm surveillance, during which continuous monitoring occurs to detect failures. Fault localization is performed when the root cause of a failure has been isolated. Testing procedures are also used to validate reports or verify repair actions after they have been completed.
4.2.2
Fault Management Application Manager

The FTAM software performs fault detection, fault notification, fault isolation, and service restoration in an Alcatel 7510 MG. The FTAM is a collection of hardware and software components that are distributed throughout the Alcatel 7510 MG, comprising microprocessorcontrolled module managers on each applicationspecific module. These module managers control system startup, sense hardware status, and measure internal temperatures. The FTAM software performs fault detection and management pertaining to the following situations:
" " " " "
Module management, tracking module state Nonrevertive, hitless switchover to backup module, if required Power failure Fan failure Module above temperature.
Each Alcatel 7510 MG software component registers with the FTAM to identify events to be monitored. When a fault is detected, the FTAM notifies all applications that have registered for that type of event. The FTAM and application programs then initiate corrective actions. The FTAM software in the active System Control
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Module generates alarms to the network management system when faults occur.
4.2.3
Environmental Monitoring and Alarms

The Alcatel 7510 MG issues alarms when detecting faults, or when thresholds have been exceeded; it also clears alarms when fault conditions cease to exist. Alcatel 7510 MG alarms can be caused by physical conditions (e.g., alarm of a physical link) or by environmental conditions (e.g., high temperature alarm). Alarm forwarding is done using either SNMP traps (generated based on fault localization principles) or the Megaco protocol to send alarms to the softswitch. The Alcatel 7510 MG alarm priorities are minor, major, or critical. Depending on the alarm type, the alarms can be presented in a textual, audible or visual way. An ACO switch allows audible alarms to be turned off. The alarm system supported by the Alcatel 7510 MG includes:
" " " " " " "
Visual alarms, displayed on Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) Alarms reported using an internal audible alarm speaker Alarms reported using a remote audible alarm speaker A mechanical ACO switch All SONET/SDH interface alarms Power feed failure alarms SNMP trap to send Alcatel 7510 MG related alarms to the remote alarm manager [Convergent network Management Center (CMC), Alarm View]. Alarms indicating a loss of synchronization at the broadband or narrowband interface Alarms reported to a softswitch using the Megaco v. 1.0 protocol.
"
"
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4.2.4
Debug Logging
For logging purposes, event and message logging can be enabled per UI for Megaco or SIGTRAN. The circular message buffer can handle up to 128 messages/events.
Megaco Debug The logging provides following details using Megaco: Logging " physical trunk number
" " "
termination id events incoming/outgoing message ID for Megaco
SIGTRAN Debug The logging provides following details using SIGTRAN: Logging " D-channel number
" "
interface-ID incoming/outgoing message ID for SIGTRAN
Displaying Debug By specifying the TerminationID via Craft-terminal, you can Logging display the Megaco context and Hardware register
By using the Alcatel 7510 MGEM, you can display the Hardware register of the terminations (i.e., A/B bits, alarm register and other conditions, e.g., loop back indications).
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4.2.5
Chassis Management
The Alcatel 7510 MG contains a highlevel chassis management system that operates from the active System Control Module. When power is applied to an Alcatel 7510 MG, both the active System Control Module and the standby System Control Module are powered up simultaneously. The System Control Module in slot 10 becomes the active module and the System Control Module in slot 11 becomes the standby module. Information concerning static IP configurations, routing protocol configurations, static routes, and Address Resolution Protocol entries are stored in a configuration file in the System Control Module. The active System Control Module is able to reset, reboot, or power down any module. When changes or software updates occur, the System Control Module informs all other modules and registered application programs about the change in state of an active module. The System Control Module also detects fan or power supply fault indications, and generates appropriate alarms. When power is applied to an applicationspecific module in an Alcatel 7510 MG, it sends a request to be identified to the active System Control Module, which responds by sending a copy of application software (image) back to the requesting module. The applicationspecific module connects to the packet switch fabric (cPSF) of the active System Control Module, loads the runtime application software, initializes the runtime application, and changes to a runtime state. After reaching the runtime state, each module reports its hardware configuration to the System Control Modules using the packet switch fabric. Information sent from each module to the active System Control Module is duplicated in the standby System Control Module. If a fault condition should occur, a module can be hard or soft reset. Each module failure is processed in a manner that minimizes its impact on active calls and overall system performance.
4.2.6
Configuration Management
The configuration database, which is stored in files in the Flash Memory of the System Control Module, maintains all Alcatel 7510 MG configuration information. The configuration database is maintained by a software process called CDBM, that is stored and runs in the System Control Modules. The CDBM is responsible for collecting, storing, and distributing configuration information inside of an Alcatel 7510 MG; the CDBM is also able to save and restore the configuration of the entire Alcatel 7510 MG, or any individual module in the gateway.
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During powerup, the CDBM stored in the active System Control Module restores the entire Alcatel 7510 MG configuration; it sends global configuration and modulespecific configuration information to each module, as the modules become operational. The CDBM stored in the active System Control Module supports read and write access to the configuration file stored in Flash memory; it also ensures that the CDBM stored in the standby System Control Module synchronizes with the latest configuration at all times. If the active System Control Module fails, the standby System Control Module immediately takes over.
4.2.7
Performance Management
The Alcatel 7510 MG assesses its ability to carry out all activities by continuously collecting and analyzing statistical data related to key functions. Any indication of degrading service is forwarded to the fault management software. Gateway performance can be independently monitored using the CLI or the Alcatel 7510 MGEM interface. The resulting performance data is stored and accessible using MGEM, CLI or SNMP . The Alcatel 7510 MG system statistics provide data concerning general performance (see Table 18). Table 18
CPU usage Memory usage
System Statistics
Description Media Gateway load Media Gateway load
System Statistics
Ethernet, IP , H.248, SNMP and Network protocol statistics SIGTRAN Resource statistics (in future release: DSP ports, UDP ports and TDM terminations)
The Alcatel 7510 MG monitors operational statistics to determine whether specific functions meet performance requirements (see Table 19).
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Table 19
Operational Statistics
Description Includes DSP configuration, duration, packets sent, octets sent, packets received, octets received, packets lost, jitter, and delay Includes statistics concerning Megaco v1.0 / H.248 packets sent and received Includes statistics concerning narrowband and broadband interfaces
Operational Statistics Call Statistics per Connection
Signaling Statistics Interface Statistics
In addition to monitoring extensive statistical data, the Alcatel 7510 MG supports a complete set of diagnostic features:
" "
SYSLOG on remote host (UNIX and Windows platforms) Support for eight SYSLOG message levels:
D D D D D D D D
Emergency Alert Critical Error Warning Notice Information Debug.
" " " "
Secondary/Backup logserver support Call Trace Features Startup Diagnostic Tests Ondemand Diagnostic Tests.
4.2.8
Security Management
The Alcatel 7510 Media Gateway offers two different modes of element management. The access with CLIinterface and the access with SNMP (with SNMP the security management is slightly different). The CLI Interface can be operated by a local Craft terminal using the RS232 or the OAM Ethernet port. The SNMP interface is only accessible via OAM port . The OAM port is physically separated from the signaling and VoIP ports and, has its own IP address.
CLI Interface
The CLI has two sets of commands. The first command set offers basic operation functions. The second extended command set
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provides additional access to diagnostic and trace functions. The admin function of the second set allows the management of user accounts and the corresponding access rights as listed below:
" "
Display user account profiles of the whole system Set user name and password (encryption on transmission and storage at nonvolatile system memory) Automatic logout after a time of inactivity Enable/disable user account Set the number of faulty logins after a user account is blocked and related alarm generation Enable/disable multilogin capability Enable/disable a user access to the extended set of commands Enable/disable a user the authority to update the configuration Enable/disable a user write access on nonvolatile system memory Detailed session logging
" " "
" "
"
"
"
SNMP Interface
The SNMP interface is configurable using SNMPv1 or SNMPv3.
SNMPv1 Interface
With SNMPv1, only a basic set of security options are available to restrict access on IP address level and SNMP community name. This is due to the limitations described at protocol level. With the introduction of SNMPv3, a significant improvement of security options are introduced and, is therefore, the recommended version. The following options are available:
" "
SNMPv3 Interface
Configurable SNMP user profiles Definition of SNMP user, assignment of security level and user profile Three security levels are available for communication:
D D D
"
full = password generated key for authentication and communication flow is encoded auth = password generated key for authentication none
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"
Supported authentication protocol: Message Digest 5 (MD5), Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA) and none Supported privacy protocol: Data Encryption Standard (DES) and none Set access rights to read/write specific SNMP objects Configure notification of SNMP traps per target and user Logon write access to SNMP objects Statistics on nonauthorized SNMP requests
"
" " " "
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4.3
Element Management
The Alcatel 7510 MG can be managed using the textbased CLI or the GUI Alcatel 7510 MGEM. The Alcatel 7510 MG host software contains an embedded SNMP agent and supports a complete list of standardscompliant MIBs (including an Alcatel MIB, see Appendix B.4). SNMPv3 or SNMPv1 compliance is configurable using the SNMP agent. The SNMP protocol is used for communication between the Alcatel 7510 MG host software and the 7510 MGEM. With SNMP ,a standardized interface for a third party SNMP browser is offered to report the status of the Alcatel 7510 MG. The Network Management Layer (NML) integration can be made using, either the GUIbased Alcatel 7510 MG Element Management System or native access to the SNMP objects (see also Figure 24).
NML
1300 CMC Smart Desktop Based Integration
1300 CMC Unix
3rd Party SNMP Browser
7510 MG EMS (GUIbased)
SNMP Traps
SNMP objects access
SNMP Traps
EML
7510 MGAM
7510 MGEM
Telnet Session
SNMP Traps
SNMP objects access
CLI Syslogs Interface
NE
7510 Media Gateway SNMP v1/v3 Engine
Telnet IP/RS232
Figure 24
Element Management Architecture and Interfaces
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4.3.1
Command Line Interface

The userfriendly CLI supports access to all the configuration options and the diagnostic, performance, fault and security functions. Intuitive handling is supported by offering available options at all command/parameter levels, including help texts for each command. The Alcatel 7510 MG CLI can be accessed using IP Telnet sessions or a local console (connecting a craft terminal to the asynchronous RS232 port of the Alcatel 7510 MG). Additionally, outofband connections can be established using either modems or terminal servers to realize remote serial connections. The Alcatel 7510 Media Gateway supports a maximum of eight simultaneous logins to the CLI (using a craft terminal or Telnet) . The CLI offers password protection when accessing the network manager level or, when performing system administration actions.
4.3.2
Alcatel 7510 MG Element Management System

The GUIbased Alcatel 7510 MG EMS software provides element management for the Alcatel 7510 MG. The Alcatel 7510 MG EMS communicates with the SNMP agent to realize comprehensive, remote element management of the Alcatel 7510 Media Gateway. The Alcatel 7510 MG EMS features Javabased software that runs on Microsoft NT and Sun Solaris UNIX platforms. The Alcatel 7510 MG EMS supplies the flexible service capabilities that large and growing network service providers require, while reducing network management complexity; it offers an easytouse GUI and a comprehensive suite of element management applications to facilitate:
" " " " "
Realtime utilization and traffic monitoring Performance monitoring Alarm surveillance and reporting System and Interface configuration Services. Media Gateway Element Manager (MGEM) Media Gateway Alarm Manager (MGAM)
The Alcatel 7510 MG EMS includes the following applications:

" "
MGEM
The main application window of the MGEM is the Gateway View (see Figure 25). The Gateway View is the starting point for all Alcatel 7510 MGEM applications and utilities. The main window
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displays the Alcatel 7510 MG being managed, complete with realtime updates of hardware modules, connectors, and status LEDs. The menu bar and tool bar provide access to all Alcatel 7510 MGEM applications. MGEM features include the following:
" "
Display system and Interface status information Display system and Interface statistics:
D D D D
H.248 commands and errors IP and Ethernet statistics SNMP statistics SIGTRAN statistics
" "
Hardware and software version upgrade management Configuration options for each interface, SNMP and system parameters Monitoring and logging of the following information on a per gateway basis (for an example, see Figure 26):
D
"
Resource use:
h h h
Number of busy/idle/down/disabled DSP , UDP and TDM ports Media Gateway: CPU load and memory usage Signaling Gateway: CPU load and memory usage
D D
"
Chassis management data Power supply data Administrator (full access) Operator (read and write access) Viewer (read access only)
User account management with three levels of authority:

D D D
"
Online help
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Figure 25
MGEM: Example of Main Window
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Figure 26
MGEM: Example of E1 Links Display
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MGAM
The MGAM displays and acknowledges SNMP alarms generated by the SNMP agent in an Alcatel 7510 MG and sent by SNMP traps. MGAM features include:
" " " " " "
Manual alarm management Alarm filtering Optional alarm resource hierarchy Storage option of Alarm View profiles Storage option of Alarm Logfiles Online help Main ActiveAlarm Window, containing operatordefined filtered/nonfiltered active alarm views. The following filter options are available:
D D D D D D
There are multiple alarm views, including:

"
Date and time range Source Alarm severity Event type Probable cause Trap ID
"
Alarm Archive View, containing the cleared and acknowledged alarms
Main ActiveAlarm Window
The Main Active Alarm Window shows the active alarms (see Figure 27). Active alarms are received only for configured hosts. Active alarms are sorted in the order given by the timestamp of the alarm. Alarms are shown in the active alarms table until they are acknowledged and cleared or until they are purged.
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Figure 27
Alarm Manager: Example of a Main Active Alarm Window The acknowledged and cleared or purged alarms can be viewed in the Alarm Archive View window (see Figure 28). The alarm history is a static table that can be updated by a manual refresh. The alarms are displayed in the sequence they were received.
Alarm Acrchive View
Figure 28
Alarm Manager: Example of an Alarm Archive View
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System Requirements
The Alcatel 7510 MGEM runs on PC and UNIX platforms. System hardware and operating system requirements are listed in Table 20 and Table 21. Table 20
PC Hardware 200 MHz Pentium II processor 64 MB RAM, 20 MB hard disk space Super Video Graphics Aray (SVGA) monitor with 256 colors minimum with screen resolution set to at least 800 x 600 Network card or modem card Network card or modem card
Alcatel 7510 MGEM Hardware Requirements

UNIX Hardware SUN Sparc 10 or higher model 128 MB RAM, 20 MB hard disk space
Table 21
PC Software
Alcatel 7510 MGEM Software Requirements

UNIX Software Sun Solaris 2.5.1 or later
Microsoft NT Workstation or Server 4.0 with Service Pack 5 or later Installed TCP/IP client software
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5 Physical Architecture and Hardware

This chapter provides information concerning the physical architecture of the Alcatel 7510 MG and its related hardware. The following sections are presented: G G G Introduction Chassis Internal and External Features Functional Description of Hardware Modules
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5.1
Introduction
This section describes a single Alcatel 7510 MG, as well as a rack configuration containing as many as three Alcatel 7510 MGs in one rack. The configuration and hardware modules installed in an Alcatel 7510 MG are described separately in the remainder of this chapter.
5.1.1
Single Alcatel 7510 MG Configuration

A single Alcatel 7510 MG consists of the following components:
"
One NEBS Level 3 compliant chassis, designed to meet international power, grounding, and shielding requirements A highspeed midplane that interconnects all Alcatel 7510 MG modules Three fan trays One air filter As many as 16 applicationspecific modules which provide interface or media processing services; these modules are:
D D D
"
" " "
Circuit Interface Module Media Conversion Module Packet Interface Module.
"
The two duplicated system modules provide management and switching services ; these modules are:
D D
System Control Module Switch Fabric Module.
The chassis is fitted with 20 vertical slots, which are divided by the midplane. Each applicationspecific module consists of a processor board that is installed from the front of the chassis, and an I/O board that is installed from the rear of the chassis. Figure 29 shows a front view of the Alcatel 7510 MG.
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Fan Trays
Processor Board
UPD_0254_7510_front_view_ed01
Figure 29
Alcatel 7510 MG Front View
Figure 30 shows a rear view of the Alcatel 7510 MG.
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I/O Boards
UPD_0264_7510_rear_view_ed01
Figure 30
Alcatel 7510 MG Rear View
Of the 20 slots available, four slots are dedicated to hold two Switch Fabric Modules, and two System Control Modules. To maximize the Alcatel 7510 MG port density, the remaining 16 generic slots can be filled using Media Conversion Modules, Packet Interface Modules, or Circuit Interface Modules. Each board that is inserted into the Alcatel 7510 MG chassis has a fully redundant Ethernet MAC connection. Connections to the System Control Module switch fabrics (the cPSFs) allow communication with the control plane, while connections to the packet switch fabrics on the Switch Fabric Modules (the dPSF) provide the packet switch used to transfer data in the data plane; these connections are made at the midplane. Each module has its own power circuit and distribution, supplied, for example, by the distributed -48 V or -60 V DC exchange power sources. Figure 31 shows a side view of the Alcatel 7510 MG.
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Front
Fan Trays
Rear
I/O Boards Processor Boards
Midplane
Cable Trays
Air Deflector 0271_chassis_side_ed01
Air Filter
Power Supply Cage
Figure 31
Alcatel 7510 MG Chassis, Side View
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5.1.2
Rack Configuration
The Alcatel 7510 MG is rackmountable in standard 19 inch, 23 inch, or 600 mm equipment racks. The chassis height, 14 U (7 feet = 43 U), is designed to achieve maximum packing per Telco frame. As many as three Alcatel 7510 MGs can be installed in a 7 foot Telco rack (see Figure 32). The remaining space is used to install extra equipment, like fuse panels or cabling brackets. All connectors are accessible from the front of the gateway.
Figure 32
Rack Configuration
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5.2
Chassis Internal and External Features

The Alcatel 7510 MG chassis can be characterized by describing its internal and external features. Following a description of the chassis, the following features will be described in detail:
" " "
Cooling Power Source and Distribution Electro Magnetic Compatibility (EMC).
5.2.1
Chassis
The Alcatel 7510 MG is a powerful, compact, standalone media gateway designed to comply with NEBS, Level3 requirements.
Side View
The chassis contains a midplane that connects processor boards installed in the front of the chassis to I/O boards installed in the rear of the chassis. Figure 31 shows a side view of the chassis. The chassis supports 20 processor boards and 20 I/O boards. The processor boards are plugged into the midplane from the front, the I/O boards from the rear. The I/O boards have to be plugged into the midplane as an extension of the processor board, i.e., in the same slot from the rear of the chassis.
Front View
All processor boards are accessible from the front of the chassis, which has no doors or cover panels. There are 18 slots having a width of 21 mm, and 2 slots in the middle having a width of 30 mm to accept the System Control Modules. Figure 33 shows a front view of the chassis.
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FAN Connector Fan Alarm LED
Midplane
0261_chassis_front_view_ed01
Figure 33
Alcatel 7510 MG Chassis, Front View
Rear View
All I/O boards are accessible from the rear of the chassis, which has no doors or cover panels. There are 18 slots having a width of 21 mm, and 2 slots in the middle having a width of 30 mm. Figure 34 shows a rear view of the chassis.
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Midplane
Power Connections 0265_chassis_rear_view_ed01
Figure 34
Alcatel 7510 MG Chassis, Rear View
5.2.2
Cooling
The Alcatel 7510 MG chassis is fitted with three fantrays, which are located at the top of the chassis. The three fantray design provides redundant fans and reduces noise levels.
Air Flow
The gateway draws air from the bottom front and sides of the chassis toward the top of the chassis, and exhausts air through vents located at the top front and rear of the chassis. Figure 35 shows the air flow though an Alcatel 7510 MG.
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Fan Units
Air Output
Air Intake Air Filter 0268_air_flow_ed01
Figure 35
Air Flow through an Alcatel 7510 MG
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Fan Trays Each fantray (VS3FU) consists of three DC fans, see Figure 36.
Alarm Board
Fan Unit
Alarm Connector Power Connector
Guide Pin 0263_vs3fu_ed01
Metallic Grid
Figure 36
Fan Tray (VS3FU) Physical View
Two of the fans in each of the three fan trays operate at variable speed. They operate only at maximum speed if one of the trays is not operational. The Alcatel 7510 MG can run indefinitely with only two of the three fantrays operational. If a fan fails, an alarm is sent using the network management interface.
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Air Filter
An air filter is located at the lower front of the chassis, just under the slides used to hold the processor boards (see Figure 37).
Air Filter
Filter Fixing Screws 0252_air_filter_ed01
Removable Front Plate
Air Inlet Holes
Figure 37
Position of the Air Filter
The air filter can be replaced while the system is running.
5.2.3
Power Source and Distribution

The Alcatel 7510 MG supports dualfeed power inputs (A and B). If either the A" source or the B" source fails, all Alcatel 7510 MG functions continue to operate from the remaining power source.
Power Source The power source must be in the range from -48 V DC to -60 V Connection DC within standard tolerances (-38.4 V to -72 V DC). This
allows -48 V or -60 V DC distributed exchange power sources to be used. Figure 38 shows the power source connections, located on the rear of the Alcatel 7510 MG chassis.
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Switch B ESD Wrist Strap Connection 0270_power_connection_b_ed01 Power Terminal Block
Switch A Ground
Figure 38
Alcatel 7510 MG Power Connections
5.2.4
EMC
The Alcatel 7510 MG chassis is designed to form a Faraday cage around the entire active electronic circuitry. This Faraday cage is realized by the metal chassis construction and the use of continuous frontplane gasket material for the processor and I/O boards. All cables passing through the faraday cage are manufactured with the required shielding. The main chassis (creating the faraday cage) is grounded using a mounted ground cable located at the rear of the chassis.
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5.3
Functional Description of Hardware Modules

Functionally, hardware modules consist of two different types of board, i.e., the:
" "
Processor Board I/O Board.
The processor boards contain all components required to perform functional tasks, e.g., the Packet Interface Module functions. Electrical or optical interfaces are not located on processor boards, instead, they are located on their corresponding I/O boards. Processor boards are always inserted from the front of the chassis, while their corresponding I/O boards are inserted from the rear of the chassis.
Processor Board
Figure 39 provides a generic view of a processor board.
Vertical Stiffener
Locking Screw Guide LEDs Metallic Frontplate
Handle with Fastener
0267_process_view_ed01
Figure 39
Generic View of a Processor Board
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I/O Board
Figure 40 provides a generic view of an I/O board.
Locking Screw
Metallic Frontplate
Guide
Vertical Stiffener I/O Connectors
Handle with Fastener
0266_io_board_view_ed01
Figure 40
Generic View of an I/O Board
General Board Features
The boards are held in position by two handles having metal fasteners at their ends. When the boards are inserted, the handles are moved into place, and afterward fixed by screws to lock the fasteners in place. The frontplane of the boards has an EMI gasket on its bottom side that 'closes' the faraday cage. A guide supports each board as it is inserted into its correct location in the midplane.
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5.3.1

The System Control Module consists of the the following hardware: Processor board VBSCM I/O boards VMSCM The VMSCM board can access the external SSU, which provides an external signal used to support network timing synchronization when the gateway is being operated in the SDH configuration (i.e., a 2,048 MHz clock signal), or it can access the external BITS which provides an external signal used to support network timing synchronization when the gateway is being operated in the SONET configuration (which uses a 1,544 MHz DS1 Signal). VMSCMA The VMSCMA board not only accesses the SSU or BITS to work with different external network timing systems; it also contains alarm processing circuitry that operates an LED (which shows green or red, red indicating an alarm) and an acoustic buzzer, which buzzes when an alarm is set. Because an Alcatel 7510 MG is always equipped with two System Control Modules, one VBSCM must be associated with the VMSCM and the other with the VMSCMA.
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Processor Board
Figure 41 shows a front view of the VBSCM, and its location in an Alcatel 7510 MG.
UPD_0308_scm_in_chassis_ed01
Figure 41
Front View and Location of the VBSCM
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I/O Boards
Figure 42 shows a rear view of the VMSCM and VMSCMA, and their locations in an Alcatel 7510 MG.
ACO External alarm interface
UPD_ 0261_vmscm_a_in_chassis_ed01
Figure 42
Rear View and Location of the VMSCM/VMSCMA
The SCM I/O board has the following interface connections (see also document Installation and Configuration Guide" - Section: Connecting the Network Cables") Alarm connector External alarms External reference clock External BITS or SSU clock (RJ48 connector) MGC and OAM connector Ethernet connection 10/100 BaseT to MGC and OAM terminal (RJ45 connector) Serial interface connector Serial interface (e.g. Telnet on a Personal Computer)
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5.3.2
Switch Fabric Module

The system Switch Fabric Module consists of the the following hardware: Processor board VBSFM I/O board VMDMY20 (filler panel)
Processor Board
Figure 43 shows a front view of the VBSFM, and its location in an Alcatel 7510 MG.
UPD_0255_sfm_in_chassis_ed01
Figure 43
Front View and Location of the VBSFM
I/O Board
Because the Switch Fabric Module does not require a corresponding I/O board, its rear is covered by a blank plate.
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5.3.3

The Circuit Interface Module has two variants:
" "
SDH Circuit Interface Module PDH Circuit Interface Module
SDH Circuit Interface Module

The SDH Circuit Interface Module consists of the the following hardware: Processor board VBC4S1 I/O board VM4S1SS
Processor Board
Figure 44 shows a front view of the VBC4S1, and possible locations where it can be installed in an Alcatel 7510 MG.
UPD_0258_cim_in_chassis_ed01
Figure 44
Front View and Location of the VBC4S1
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I/O Board
Figure 45 shows a rear view of the VM4S1SS, and its locations in an Alcatel 7510 MG.
UPD_0260_vm4s1ss_in_chassis_ed01
Figure 45
Rear View and Location of the VM4S1SS
The SDH CIM I/O board has the following interface connections (see also document Installation and Configuration Guide" Section: Connecting the Network Cables") Four duplex TSC connectors (singlemode fiber) Four STM1/OC3 interfaces (compliant to ITUT G957) with APS (bidirectional, linear and nonrevertible)
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Table 22 and 23 show the transmitter and receiver performance of the SDH CIM I/O card. Table 22
Parameter Output mean Power Center wavelength Extinction Ratio Eye diagram Power supply current lcct ER According to ITUT G957 mask 85 130 mA
SDH CIM I/O Card: Transmitter Performance

Symb Po Conditions Min. -15 1261 10 Typ -11 1310 Max. -8 1360 Unit dBm nm dB
Table 23
Parameter
SDH CIM I/O Card: Receiver Performance

Symb Pin Pmax Conditions PRBS 2231 NRZ BER < 10-10 PRBS 2231 NRZ BER < 10-10 Min. -29 -7 Typ 31 0 -29 -45 Pmax lccr PRBS 2231 NRZ BER < 10-10 PRBS 2231 NRZ BER < 10-10 1 70 100 Max. Unit dBm dBm dBm dBm dB mA
Sensitivity (beginning of life) Maximum input Power Signal detect switching threshold: -> Increasing light Signal detect switching threshold: -> Decreasing light Link detect hysteresis Power supply current
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PDH Circuit Interface Module

The PDH Circuit Interface Module consists of the the following hardware: Processor board VM32E1 I/O board Two variants: VM32E1 VMRED1 (with relay to protect PDH processor card)
Processor Board
Figure 46 shows a front view of the VB32E1, and possible locations where it can be installed in an Alcatel 7510 MG.
UPD_0258_cim_in_chassis_ed01
Figure 46
Front View and Location of the VB32E1
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I/O Board
Figure 47 shows a rear view of the VM32E1/VMRED1, and its locations in an Alcatel 7510 MG.
UPD_0260_vm4s1ss_in_chassis_ed01
Figure 47
Rear View and Location of the VM32E1/VMRED1
The PDH CIM I/O board has the following interface connections (see also document Installation and Configuration Guide" Section: Connecting the Network Cables") T1/E1 connectors Two T1/E1 interfaces
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5.3.4

The Packet Interface Module consists of the the following hardware: Processor board VBPI1GE I/O board VM1GEM
Processor Board
Figure 48 shows a front view of the VBPI1GE, in its possible locations in an Alcatel 7510 MG.
UPD_0256_pim_in_chassis_ed01
Figure 48
Front View and Location of the VBPI1GE
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I/O Board
Figure 49 shows a rear view of the VM1GEM, and its locations in an Alcatel 7510 MG.
UPD_0259_vm1gem_in_chassis_ed01
Figure 49
Rear View and Location of the VM1GEM
The PIM I/O board has the following interface connections (see also document Installation and Configuration Guide" - Section: Connecting the Network Cables") One duplex TSC connector (multimode fiber) GigEthernet Interface (802.3Z 1000BASESX)
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Table 24 and 25 show the transmitter and receiver performance of the PIM I/O card. Table 24
Parameter Data rate Output mean Power Center wavelength Extinction Ratio Random Jitter Deterministic Jitter Transmitter output eye ER RJ DJ Compliant with eye mask defined in 802.3Z standard
PIM I/O Card: Transmitter Performance

Symb B Po -9.5 820 9 147 80 Conditions Min. Typ 1250 -7 850 -4 860 Max. Unit Mb/s dBm nm dB ps ps
Table 25
Parameter Data rate
PIM I/O Card: Receiver Performance

Symb B Pin P min P max P sd+ P sd-30 770 0.5 RJ DJ Compliant with 802.3Z standard 12 96 170 860 Compliant with 802.3Z standard Compliant with 802.3Z standard -17 -3 -17 dBm dBm dBm dBm nm dB ps ps dB Conditions Min. 1000 Typ 1250 Max. 1300 Unit Mb/s
Stressed receiver sensitivity Minimum input optical Power (at 1012 BER) Maximum input optical Power (at 1012 BER) Signal Detect threshold: -> Increasing light Signal Detect threshold: -> Decreasing light Wavelength operation Signal detect hysteresis Random Jitter Deterministic Jitter Return loss
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5.3.5

The Packet Interface Module consists of the the following hardware: Processor board VBMCM4F I/O board VMDMY20 (filler panel)
Processor Board
Figure 50 shows a front view of the VBMCM4F , in and its possible locations in an Alcatel 7510 MG.
UPD_0257_mcm_in_chassis_ed01
Figure 50
Front View and Location of the VBMCM4F
I/O Board
Because the Media Conversion Module module does not have an associated I/O board, its rear is covered by a blank plate.
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Abbreviations
Abbreviations
ABR ACO APS ARP AS ASBR BHCA BITS BOOTP BSD CAGW CDBM CHT CIM CLI CMC CNG CPU CSN DC DES DNS DSP DTMF DTX EMC EMS EPS ETSI FoIP FTAM
Area Border Router Alarm Cut Off Automatic Protection Switch Address Resolution Protocol Application Server Autonomous System Boundary Router Busy Hour Call Attempts Building Integrated Timing Source Bootstrap Protocol Berkeley Software Distribution Centralized Access Gateway Configuration Database Manager Call Hold Time Circuit Interface Module Command Line Interface Convergent network Management Center Comfort Noise Generation Central Processing Unit Centre Satellite Numerique Direct Current Data Encryption Standard Domain Name Service Digital Signaling Processor Dual Tone Multifrequency Discontinuous Transmission Electro Magnetic Compatibility Element Management System Equipment Protection Switching European Telecommunications Standards Institute Fax over IP Fault Tolerant Application Manager
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Abbreviations
GFI
Generic Forwarding Interface Graphical User Interface Hardware Internet Protocol Integrated Services Digital Network ISDN User Adaptation layer Light Emitting Diode Local EXchange Link State Advertizement Medium Access Control Media Conversion Module Message Digest 5 Multi Frequency Media Gateway Media Gateway Alarm Manager Media Gateway Controller Media Gateway Element Manager Management Information Base Media Interface Module Mean Time Between Failures Network Equipment Building Standards Next Generation Network Network Management Layer NotSoStubArea Network Timing Protocol Operations, Administration and Maintenance Open Shortest Path First Private Branch Exchange Pulse Code Modulation Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy Port Interface Packet Interface Module Packet Loss Concealment
GUI HW IP ISDN IUA LED LEX LSA MAC MCM MD5 MF MG MGAM MGC MGEM MIB MIM MTBF NEBS NGN NML NSSA NTP OAM OSPF PBX PCM PDH PIF PIM PLC
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Abbreviations
PRA
Primary Rate Access Primary Rate Interface Packet Switching Fabric Public Switched Telephone Network Quality Of Service Routing Information Protocol Remote Subscriber Unit Real time Transport Control Protocol RealTime Transport Protocol System Control Module Stream Control Transmision Protocol Synchronous Digital Hierarchy Switch Fabric Module Secure Hash Algorithm Signaling Transport System Management Server Simple Network Management Protocol Synchronous Optical Network SemiPermanent Connection System Route Server Synchronization Supply Unit Super Video Graphics Aray Software Training Check Frame Transmission Control Protocol Time Division Multiplex Trivial File Transfer Protocol Type Of Service Unrestricted Digital Information User Datagram Protocol User Interface Voice Activity Detection Voice Band Data
PRI PSF PSTN QOS RIP RSU RTCP RTP SCM SCTP SDH SFM SHA SIGTRAN SMS SNMP SONET SPC SRS SSU SVGA SW TCF TCP TDM TFTP TOS UDI UDP UI VAD VBD
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Abbreviations
VLAN
Virtual Local Area Network Variable Length Subnet Masks Voice over IP Voice over Packet Wide Area Network eXtended Markup Language
VLSM VoIP VoP WAN XML
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Appendix A
Specifications
Appendix A
Specifications
This Appendix summarizes physical specifications and regulatory compliance information about the Alcatel 7510 MG.
A.1
Physical Specifications
Table 26 shows the Alcatel 7510 MG physical specifications. Table 26
Specification Dimensions
Alcatel 7510 MG Physical Specifications

Description Height: 62.2 cm (14 RU) (1 RU = 44.45 mm) Width: 45.7 cm (18 inch) Depth: 53.3 cm (21 inch)
Weight Storage Temperature Range Operating Humidity Power
68 kg (150 lbs.) fully configured -20 C to 65 C (-4 F to 149 F) 0 to 80 %, noncondensing -48 V DC, -60 V DC redundant A and B power feeds 1300 W (fully loaded)
Operating Temperature Range 0 C to 40 C (32 F to 104 F)
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Appendix A
Specifications
A.2
Compliances and Requirements

Table 27 shows the compliances and requirements of the Alcatel 7510 MG: Table 27 Alcatel 7510 MG Compliances and Requirements
Description World Market:
Compliance / Requirement Regulatory Compliance
G G G G G G G
NEBS Requirements
EMC : Emission: CISPR 22 class B EMC : Immunity: IEC 6100042 to 46 Safety : IEC 609501 (2001) EMC : EN 300 386 (2001) Safety : EN 609501 (2001) EMC : FCC Part 15 Safety : UL 60950/ CSA C22.2 No.6095000 NEBS level 3 certification EMC and Safety : GR1089 Environmental conditions : GR63 Operating conditions : EN 300 01923 (2003) [class 3.1 and 3.1E for climatic tests] Storage : EN 300 01921 class 1.1 Transportation : EN 300 01922 class 2.1 ETS 300 753
Eurpean Market (CE Marking):
North American Market:
G G G
Environmental Conditions
Climatic, Mechanic and Seismic :
G G
Acoustic :
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Appendix B
Standards
Appendix B
Standards
Each of the following sections lists the standards supported by the Alcatel 7510 MG, which include:
" " " " "
Bellcore/Telcordia Specifications ITU Standards ANSI/EIA/IEEE Standards MIBs IETF RFCs.
B.1
Bellcore / Telcordia Specifications

The Alcatel 7510 MG supports the following Bellcore specifications:
" " " " " " " " " " "
Bellcore Specifications
Bellcore Bellcore Bellcore Bellcore Bellcore Bellcore Bellcore Bellcore Bellcore Bellcore Bellcore
GR63CORE GR246CORE GR253CORE GR472CORE GR474CORE GR1089CORE GR1244CORE GR1248CORE GR1275CORE GR2914CORE SR3645.
Telcordia Specifications The Alcatel 7510 MG supports the following Telcordia

specifications:
"
Telcordia GR3054CORE: Voice over Packet, NGN Trunk Gateway Generic Requirements Telcordia GR3059CORE: NGN Network Performance Requirement Telcordia GR3060CORE: Framework Generic Requirement Telcordia GR3070CORE: NGN Element Management System Requirement Telcordia SR4717: Voice over Packet in Next Generation Networks, An Architecture Framework.
"
" "
"
B.2
ITU Standards
The Alcatel 7510 MG supports the following ITU standards: G.703: Physical/electrical characteristics of hierarchical digital interfaces
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Appendix B
Standards
G.704: Synchronous frame structures used at 1544, 6312, 2048, 8448 and 44 736 kbit/s hierarchical levels G.706: Frame alignment and cyclic redundancy check (CRC) procedures relating to basic frame structures defined in Recommendation G.704 G.711: Pulse code modulation (PCM) of voice frequencies G.168: Digital network echo canceller G.3: Universal protocol for sending facsimile
H.248: Series H, Audiovisual and Multimedia Systems, Gateway Control Protocol
B.3
ANSI / EIA / IEEE Standards

The Alcatel 7510 MG supports the following ANSI/EIA/IEEE standards: ANSI T1.231: Digital Hierarchy - Layer 1 InService Digital Transmission Performance Monitoring ANSI T1.107: Digital Hierarchy - Format Specifications IEEE 802.3: Standard for Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) Access Method and Physical Layer Specifications IEEE 802.3u: 100BaseT Fast Ethernet System
B.4
MIBs
The Alcatel 7510 Media Gateway supports the following MIBs described in SMIv1 according to RFC 1155 & RFC 1212, and, additional definition of traps according RFC1215 : Alcatel MIB enterprise MIB for 7510 specific extensions RFC 1213 Management Information Base (MIB-II) for use with network management protocols in TCP/IP- based internets
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Appendix B
Standards
RFC 1253 OSPF Version 2 Management Information Base RFC 1389 RIP Version 2 MIB Extensions RFC 1406 Definitions of Managed Objects for the DS1 and E1 Interface Types RFC 1650 Definitions of Managed Objects for the Ethernet-like Interface Types RFC 1907 Management Information Base for Version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol RFC 2233 The Interfaces Group MIB RFC 2558 Definitions of Managed Objects for the SONET/SDH Interface Type RFC 2571 SNMP-FRAMEWORK-MIB DEFINITIONS RFC 2572 Message Processing and Dispatching for the Simple Network Management Protocol RFC 2573n Definitions of MIB modules for specifying targets of management operations, for notification filtering, and for proxy forwarding RFC 2573t " RFC 2574 User-based Security Model (USM for version 3 of the Simple Network Management Protocol) RFC 2575 View-based Access Control Model (VACM) for the Simple Network Management Protocol
B.5
IETF RFCs
The Alcatel 7510 MG supports the following IETF RFCs: RFC 768: User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
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Appendix B
Standards
RFC 791: Internet Protocol RFC 792: Internet Control Message Protocol RFC 793: Transmission Control Protocol RFC 826: Ethernet Address Resolution Protocol: Or converting network protocol addresses to 48 bit Ethernet address for transmission on Ethernet hardware RFC 854: Telnet Protocol Specification RFC 950: Internet Standard Subnetting Procedure RFC 951: Bootstrap Protocol RFC 1034: Domain names - concepts and facilities RFC 1058: Routing Information Protocol RFC 1122: Requirements for Internet hosts - communication layers. RFC 1157: Simple Network Management Protocol RFC 1305: Network Time Protocol (Version 3) Specification, Implementation RFC 1338: Supernetting: an Address Assignment and Aggregation Strategy RFC 1350: TFTP Protocol (Revision 2) RFC 1388: RIP Version 2 Carrying Additional Information RFC 1519: Classless InterDomain Routing RFC 1583: Open Shortest Path First Protocol, Version 2
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Appendix B
Standards
RFC 1587: OSPF NSSA Option RFC 1780: Internet Official Protocol Standards RFC 1812: Requirements for IP Version 4 Routers RFC 2328: OSPF Version 2 RFC 2833: RTP Payload for DTMF Digits, Telephony Tones, and Telephony Signals RFC 2598: An Expedited Forwarding PHB RFC 2705: Media Gateway Protocol (MGCP) RFC 3015: Megaco Protocol Version 1
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Appendix C
Components and Part Numbers
Appendix C

This appendix provides a list with Alcatel 7510 MG components and part numbers (see Table 28).
Table 28
Part Number

Description Chassis Bundle for Alcatel 7510 MG includes chassis plus one (1) Backpanel (3FZ 40000 AAXX) and three (3) Fan Tray Units (3FZ 50012 AAXX)
3FZ 50010 AAXX
3FZ 30014 BAXX 3FZ 30017 AAXX 3FZ 30021 AAXX 3FZ 30002 AAXX 3FZ 30003 AAXX 3FZ 30007 AAXX 3FZ 30009 AAXX 3FZ 30012 AAXX 3FZ 30005 AAXX 3FZ 69920 AAXX 3FZ 69923 AAXX 3FZ 01657 AAXX 3FZ 01658 AAXX
System Control Module (SCM) processor board VBSCM System Control Module (SCM) I/O board with management, timing interface VMSCM System Control Module (SCM) I/O board with management, timing and alarm interface VMSCMA Switch Fabric Module (SFM) processor board VBSFM Circuit Interface Module (CIM) processor board for 4port OC3/STM1 VBC4S1 Circuit Interface Module (CIM) I/O board with 4port OC3/STM1 interface (optical) VM4S1SS Packet Interface Module (PIM) processor board for 1port GigEthernet VBPI1GE Packet Interface Module (PIM) I/O board with 1port GigEthernet interface (optical) VM1GEM Media Conversion Module (MCM) with 24 DSP (BMC 1510) VBMCM4F Software Base Package Release 2.0 per chassis Software Feature Package Media Gateway Element Manager (MG EM) per chassis Software Feature Package Basic Trunking per DS0 Software Feature Package ISDN PRA support via SIGTRAN IUA per DS0
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Alcatel 7510 MG

Media Gateway Product Description

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Status Change Note

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Features and Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5

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Functional Architecture and Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1

3.4 3.5 3.6

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Signaling 3.7.1 3.7.2 3.7.3 3.7.4

Physical Architecture and Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1 5.2

Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Appendix A Appendix B Appendix C

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Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure

133 135 136 137 138 140

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About this Document

About this Document

Readership This document is intended to be used by network planners, and

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About this Document

Table 1 lists other Alcatel 7510 MG related documents. Table 1

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PSTN PSTN LEX IP Backbone RSU/CSN 7510 MG CAGW 7510 MG LEX

RSU/CSN TDM Hairpinning

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VoIP Trunking CAGW VoIP Termination TDM Hairpinning Grooming

" " " "

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Alcatel 7510 MG Key Benefits

Alcatel 7510 MG Key Benefits

High Capacity Switching Architecture

CarrierClass Reliability and Availability

Latest DSP Technology

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Open Standard Protocols

Industry Leading Management Solution

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Alcatel 7510 MG Key Features

Alcatel 7510 MG General Features

Up to three Alcatel 7510 MGs can be installed in one of these racks:

Switching Capacity PSTN Interfaces

Up to 2 Gigabit Ethernet with additional 1+1 redundancy

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Signaling and Call Control

Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) tagging based on fixed IP addresses

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Reliability & Redundancy

System Robustness and Stability

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Switching and Interworking Modes

TDM To/From RealTime Transport Protocol (RTP) TDM Hairpinning

TDM To/From RTP

TDM To/From RTP

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TDM Hairpinning Without DSP Involvement