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Englishpage.com > Mini-Grammar T !orials > " #$ nc!i%e " #$ nc!i%e Gap-&ill E'ercise (ill in !he #lan)s #elo* *i!h !he correc! &orm o& !he %er# in paren!heses+ !hen clic) !he ,-hec), # !!on !o chec) .o r ans*ers. /ega!i%e+ passi%e an0 con!in o s s #$ nc!i%e &orms are possi#le. 1se !he ,2in!, # !!on !o ge! a &ree le!!er i& an ans*er is gi%ing .o !ro #le. 1. 3!4s impor!an! !ha! she 5remem#er6 !o !a)e her me0icine !*ice a 0a.. 2. 3 s gges! !ha! (ran) 5rea06 !he 0irec!ions care& ll. #e&ore assem#ling !he #ic.cle. 2e 0oesn4! *an! !he *heels !o &all o&& *hile he is ri0ing 0o*n a hill 3. Mrs. (in)els!ein 0eman0e0 !ha! !he hea!er 5repair6 imme0ia!el.. 2er apar!men! *as &ree7ing. 4. 3!4s %i!al !ha! !he 1ni!e0 "!a!es 5&oc s6 on impro%ing i!s p #lic e0 ca!ion s.s!em. 8ha! *e 0o no* *ill a&&ec! o r co n!r. &or genera!ions !o come. 5. The mon) insis!e0 !ha! !he !o ris!s 5en!er6 !he !emple n!il !he. ha0 remo%e0 !heir shoes. 6. 3 am no! going !o si! here an0 le! her ins l! me. 3 0eman0 !ha! she imme0ia!el. 5apologi7e6 &or *ha! she $ s! sai0. 7. 9 0. as)e0 !ha! *e 5a!!en06 her gra0 a!ion ceremon. ne'! *ee). 8. 8as i! reall. necessar. !ha! 5si!6 3 !here *a!ching .o !he en!ire !ime .o *ere rehearsing &or !he pla.: 3! *as reall. #oring *a!ching .o repea! !he scenes o%er an0 o%er again. 9. 3! is impor!an! !o remem#er !ha! 9anine 5!hin)6 %er. 0i&&eren!l. &rom .o . "he ma. no! agree !o !he changes .o ha%e ma0e in !he organi7a!ion o& !he compan.. 10. 3!4s a li!!le 0i&&ic l! !o &in0 !he res!a ran!. 3 propose !ha! *e all 50ri%e6 !oge!her so !ha! no#o0. ge!s los! along !he *a.. 11. The *oman insis!e0 !ha! !he los! chil0 5!a)e6 !o s!ore4s in&orma!ion 0es) so his paren!s co l0 #e page0. 12. The n !ri!ionis! recommen0e0 !ha! "all. 5re0 ce6 her 0ail. &a! in!a)e. 13. The en%ironmen!al lea0er &el! i! *as e'!remel. impor!an! !ha! !he people o& !he ci!. 5allo*6 !o %oice !heir concerns o%er !he

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ne* ho!el #eing # il! on !he #a.. 14. "he !ol0 me !ha! !he go%ernmen! 5reg la!e6 !he airline in0 s!r.. 3 0on4! )no* i& !ha! is !r e. 15. The sign a! !he pool recommen0e0 !ha! .o 5s*im6 a&!er ea!ing a large meal. 16. 3! is necessar. !ha! a li&e g ar0 5moni!or6 !he s mming pool *hile !he chil0ren are !a)ing !heir s*imming lessons. 17. The s n is scorching !o0a.. 3 s gges! .o 5p !6 on s n#loc) imme0ia!el. #e&ore .o ge! a s n # rn. 18. 9ohn insis!s !ha! "arah 5in%i!e6 !o !he *e00ing; o!her*ise he *ill no! a!!en0. 19. 3 !hin) i!4s an in!eres!ing &ac! !ha! she 5come6 &rom Es!onia. 20. 3! is impera!i%e !ha! !he *orl0 5*or)6 !o*ar0s a sol !ion !o glo#al *arming #e&ore !he *ea!her pa!!erns o& !he *orl0 are 0isrr p!e0 irrepara#l.. -hec) 2in! <= >? Mini-Grammar T !orials ?> -op.righ! @ Aang age B.namics+ Cll Digh!s Deser%e0. Englishpage.com 2ome E C0%er!ise a! Englishpage.com Fo r personal online English school. Aearn English a! Englishpage.comG

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The " #$ nc!i%e Tha!--la se Her#s se0 *i!h !he " #$ nc!i%e The %er# I#eJ C0$ec!i%es se0 *i!h !he " #$ nc!i%e /o ns se0 *i!h !he " #$ nc!i%e Aess (ormal 1sage (i'e0 E'pressions sing !he " #$ nc!i%e 8ere-" #$ nc!i%e

The s #$ nc!i%e is a special )in0 o& presen! !ense+ sing an in&ini!i%e !ha! has no Ks in !he !hir0 person sing lar. 3! is o&!en se0 *hen !al)ing a#o ! some!hing !ha! some#o0. m s! 0o. 3 insis! 5!ha!6 .o r &rien0 lea%e !his ho se a! once. The s #$ nc!i%e is a &ormal cons!r c!ion. 3! is more commonl. se0 in Cmerican English !han in Lri!ish English+ an0 more o&!en in !he *ri!!en &orm !han in !he spo)en &orm. 3! *as se0 m ch more &reM en!l. in ol0 English+ # ! man. o& !hese &orms ha%e no* 0isappeare0 in mo0ern English. Tha!-cla se 3! is o&!en se0 *i!h a !ha!-cla se+ especiall. in Cmerican English+ !o &ormall. e'press !he i0ea !ha! some!hing is impor!an! or essen!ial. 3 0eman0 !ha! he lea%e a! once. Her#s se0 *i!h !he " #$ nc!i%e <!her %er#s !ha! are commonl. se0 *i!h !he s #$ nc!i%e areN a0%ise+ as)+ #eg+ 0eci0e+ 0ecree+ 0esire+ 0ic!a!e+ insis!+ in!en0+ mo%e+ or0er+ pe!i!ion+ propose+ recommen0+ reM es!+ reM ire+ resol%e+ s gges!+ rge+ an0 %o!e. Tom s gges!e0 !ha! his &rien0s s!a. o%er &or !he nigh!. "am propose0 !ha! Tom !elephone his acco n!an!. "he recommen0e0 !ha! he go an0 see a 0oc!or. The manager reM es!e0 !ha! e%er.one p ! !heir reM es!s in *ri!ing.

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2e insis!e0 !ha! she s!a. n!il !he en0 o& !he *ee). The O een comman0s !ha! he a!!en0 !he ceremon.. 2e rge0 !ha! a # siness manager #e hire0 !o help !hings r n more smoo!hl.. 3 simpl. reM es!e0+ poli!el.+ !ha! she re&rain &rom smo)ing in m. ho se. "am recommen0e0 !ha! .o $oin !he commi!!ee. The pro&essor as)e0 !ha! Tim s #mi! his research paper #e&ore !he en0 o& !he *ee). The %er# I#eJ ILeJ has special s #$ nc!i%e &ormsN 3 #e+ .o #e+ she #e+ !he. #e+ e!c. 3! is %i!al !ha! .o #e !r !h& l a#o ! *ha! happene0. 2e s gges!e0 !ha! she #e more %ocal in !he ne'! mee!ing. "he rge0 !ha! !he ma!!er #e resol%e0 in a &amil. co r!. 2a0rian 0ecree0 !ha! a ne* !emple #e # il! in !he hono r o& 9 pi!er. C0$ec!i%es se0 *i!h !he " #$ nc!i%e "ome a0$ec!i%es can #e &ollo*e0 #. a s #$ nc!i%e %er#+ li)e an'io s+ 0e!ermine0+ eager. 2e *as 0e!ermine0 !ha! !he. no! separa!e. The poli!ical campaign is eager !ha! !heir can0i0a!e s!ep o ! o& !he sha0o*s. 3 am an'io s !ha! he 0isc ss !his *i!h me soon. -er!ain a0$ec!i%es can also #e se0 *i!h !he s #$ nc!i%e an0 P3!P+ li)e a0%isa#le+ cri!ical+ 0esira#le+ essen!ial+ &i!!ing+ impera!i%e+ impor!an!+ necessar.+ %i!al. 3! is impera!i%e !ha! .o ge! home #e&ore 0ar). 3! is impor!an! !ha! e%er.one &ollo* !he r les. 3! is necessar. !ha! e%er.one #e calm in !imes o& 0anger. 3! is essen!ial !ha! .o arri%e #e&ore 5pm.

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3! is cri!ical !ha! !he prime minis!er a00ress !hose sensi!i%e iss es. 3! *as %i!al !ha! e%er.!hing #e 0one on !ime. 3! is cr cial !ha! *e ma)e i! s ccess& l. /o ns se0 *i!h !he " #$ nc!i%e There are also no ns !ha! can #e &ollo*e0 #. a s #$ nc!i%e %er#+ li)e a0%ice+ con0i!ion+ 0eman0+ 0irec!i%e+ in!en!ion+ or0er+ proposal+ recommen0a!ion+ reM es!+ s gges!ion+ *ish. M. a0%ice is !ha! !he compan. in%es! in ne* eM ipmen!. "he is &ree !o lea%e+ on con0i!ion !ha! she commi! no & r!her o&&ence. 2is 0eep *ish is !ha! his 0a gh!er go !o ni%ersi!.. Aess (ormal 1sage There are se%eral al!erna!i%es !o !he %er. &ormal s!an0ar0 s #$ nc!i%eN

"ho l0

This cons!r c!ion is more common !han !he s #$ nc!i%e in Lri!ish EnglishN Tom s gges!e0 !ha! his &rien0s sho l0 s!a. o%ernigh!. "he recommen0e0 !ha! he sho l0 go an0 see his 0oc!or. Q The 3n0ica!i%e

This cons!r c!ion is also se0 some!imes in Lri!ish English+ # ! is rare in Cmerican EnglishN "he has 0eman0e0 !ha! !he machiner. n0ergoes %igoro s !es!s !o ens re high M ali!.. 3! is impera!i%e !ha! more 0ecisions are ma0e #. !he sharehol0ers. Q (or R 3n&ini!i%e

3! is essen!ial &or e%er.one !o #e in&orme0 o& !he ne* reg la!ions. Q /o Tense -hange

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3n colloM ial English+ i! is possi#le !o no! ma)e a !ense changeN "he 0eman0e0 !ha! he le&!. "he &el! !ha! i! *as necessar. !ha! she *ro!e a !han) .o le!!er !o !hem. (i'e0 E'pressions sing !he " #$ nc!i%e S+ as i! *ere 5in a *a.+ so !o spea)6 Le !ha! is i! ma.... 58he!her !ha! is !r e or no!S6 -ome *ha! ma.S 58ha!e%er happensS6 (ar #e i! &rom me !o 0isagreeTcri!icise 5To appear less hos!ile *hen 0isagreeing6 Go0 #less .o . Go0 sa%e !he O eenG 2ea%en help sG 5Cn e'clama!ion o& 0espair6 2ea%en &or#i0G 5Cn e'clama!ion !ha! .o hope some!hing *onJ! happen6 3& nee0 #e... 53& i! is necessar.6 Aong li%e !he #ri0e an0 groomG S+ so #e i!. 58e canJ! 0o an.!hing !o change i!6 Uerish !he !ho gh!G 5C s gges!ion or possi#ili!. is npleasan! or ri0ic lo s6 " &&ice i! !o sa.S 53! is o#%io sT3 *ill gi%e a shor! e'plana!ion6 8ere-" #$ nc!i%e 3n h.po!he!ical sen!ences+ *ere is s all. se0 ins!ea0 o& *asN 3& 3 *ere .o + 3J0 learn ho* !o 0ri%e. 3 *ish i! *ere (ri0a.. 3! is impor!an! !o no!e !ha! *as can also #e se0 5al!ho gh s!ill consi0ere0 incorrec! #. some grammarians6+ an0 is+ in &ac!+ more common in in&ormal English. "ome!imes 3 *ish 3 *asT*ere !aller. @=aren Lon0 2002. Cll righ!s reser%e0.

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The Subjunctive A.The synthetical subjunctive 1.The Present Subjunctive

Es!e i0en!ic c in&ini!i% l sc r! al %er# l i+ es!e soco!i! %echi+ pre!en!ios si n se &oloses!e in lim#a con!emporana Cpare in rari5e'presii &i'e6

(ar #e i! &rom meG 50epar!e 0e mine6 2ea%en Le !ha! as i! ma.G " &&ice i! !o sa. !ha!... Goo0 #.eG5Go0 #e *i!h .o G6 Go0 &orgi%eT#less .o G

Cpare 0 pa impresii impersonale

It is natural that they should come!

It is natural that they come.

B pa a0%ise+ !o recommen0...sho l0 They suggest that he should read. They suggest him to read. They suggest that he read.

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2.The Past Present Subjunctive

30en!ic c Uas! Tense K l %er# l i 5!o #eT*ere6 Cpare 0 pa cons!r c!ii ipo!e!ice 3n con0i!ional !ip 33

3.The Past Perfect Subjunctive

30en!ic c Uas! Uer&ec!- l %er# l i Cpare 0 pa wish, if only, as if, as thought, even if, even thought

B.The Analythical Subjunctive

(orma! 0in!r- n %er# mo0al5shall, should, would, may, mught, could) Es!e mai 0es &olosi! si apare a!a! in propo7i!ia sec n0ara ca! si in propo7i!ia principala.

"hallRin&ini!i% Prozitia principala "hall 3 help .o : 5o&er!a6 Propozitia secundara Cmenin!are 5in&ormal english6

"ho l0Rin&ini!i% Propozitia principala 8h. sho l0 3 go !here: Propozitia secundara 3n con0i!ional !ip 3 si 33 B pa cons!r c!ii ipo!e!ice

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3n comple!i%a 0irec!a 3n propo7i!ia 0e scop

Ma.Tmigh!Rin&ini!i% Propozitia principala e'prima o rareN Ma. all .o r 0reams come !r eG <h+ !ha! !he. migh! *inG 3n propo7i!ia concesi%a 3n propo7i!ia 0e scop Propozitia secundara B pa cons!r c!ii impersonaleN it is/was possible, probable, li ely

8o l0Rin&ini!i% 3n propo7i!ia sec n0ara 0 pa wish si if only

-o l0Rin&ini!i% E'prima scop l ca o al!erna!i%a a l i may/might, could a%an0 n gra0 mai mare 0e sig ran!a I studied so that I might pass the e!am "but I didn#t). I studied so that I could pass the e!am "I am a student).

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Cces! si!e a &os! reali7a! 0e Mitrea Alin Constantin.3mi p !e!i !rimi!e email la mitrea@email.ro sa ma p !e!i %i7i!a in $ 0./eam!+ Uia!ra-/eam!+ "!r.Barmanes!i+ Ll.=4+ /r.44+ Cp.14./ merele mele 0e !ele&on s n! 0722488673 si 0233/634804.Be asemenea p !e!i sa scrie!i parea 0%s. 0espre si!e in ...

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English -l # N Aearn English N English Grammar N Her#s N " #$ nc!i%e " #$ nc!i%e O i7

Subjunctive
The s #$ nc!i%e is a special+ rela!i%el. rare %er# &orm in English.

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Structure of the Subjunctive

The s!r c! re o& !he s #$ nc!i%e is e'!remel. simple. (or all %er#s e'cep! !he pas! !ense o& be+ !he s #$ nc!i%e is !he same as !he #are in&ini!i%e 5in&ini!i%e *i!ho ! ,!o,6N be (past 3 "ere .o "ere he+ she+ i! "ere *e "ere .o "ere !he. "ere be (present 3 be .o be he+ she+ i! be *e be .o be !he. be all other verbs (past ! present 3 "or# .o "or# he+ she+ i! "or# *e "or# .o "or# !he. "or#

The s #$ nc!i%e 0oes no! change accor0ing !o person 53+ .o + he e!c6.

$se of the Subjunctive

8e se s #$ nc!i%es mainl. *hen !al)ing a#o ! e%en!s !ha! are no! cer!ain !o happen. (or e'ample+ *e se !he s #$ nc!i%e *hen !al)ing a#o ! e%en!s !ha! some#o0.N

*an!s !o happen hopes *ill happen imagines happening

Aoo) a! !hese e'amplesN

The Uresi0en! reM es!s !ha! .o be presen! a! !he mee!ing. 3! is %i!al !ha! .o be presen! a! !he mee!ing. 3& .o "ere a! !he mee!ing+ !he Uresi0en! *o l0 #e happ..

The s #$ nc!i%e is !.picall. se0 a&!er !*o s!r c! resN

the verbs% as)+ comman0+ 0eman0+ insis!+ propose+ recommen0+ reM es!+ s gges! R that the e&pressions% i! is 0esira#le+ essen!ial+ impor!an!+ necessar.+ %i!al R that

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2ere are some e'amples *i!h !he s #$ nc!i%eN

The manager insis!s !ha! !he car par) be loc)e0 a! nigh!. The #oar0 o& 0irec!ors recommen0e0 !ha! he join !he compan.. 3! is essen!ial !ha! *e vote as soon as possi#le. 3! *as necessar. !ha! e%er. s! 0en! submit his essa. #. !he *ee)en0.

/o!ice !ha! in !hese s!r c! res !he s #$ nc!i%e is al*a.s !he same. 3! 0oes no! ma!!er *he!her !he sen!ence is pas! or presen!. Aoo) a! !hese e'amplesN

Present% The Uresi0en! reM es!s !ha! !he. stop !he occ pa!ion. Past% The Uresi0en! reM es!e0 !ha! !he. stop !he occ pa!ion. Present% 3! is essen!ial !ha! she be presen!. Past% 3! *as essen!ial !ha! she be presen!.

The se o& !he s #$ nc!i%e as a#o%e is more common in Cmerican English !han in English+ *here shoul' ( infinitive is o&!en se0N The manager insis!s !ha! !he car par) shoul' be loc)e0 a! nigh!.

3! *as essen!ial !ha! *e shoul' vote as soon as possi#le.

8e s all. se !he s #$ nc!i%e "ere ins!ea0 o& ,*as, a&!er if 5an0 o!her *or0s *i!h similar meaning6. Aoo) a! !hese sen!encesN

3& 3 "ere .o + 3 *o l0 as) her. " ppose she "ere here. 8ha! *o l0 .o sa.:

)hy 'o "e say *+ "ere*, *he "ere*8e some!imes hear !hings li)e ,i& + "ere .o + 3 *o l0 go, or ,i& he "ere here+ he *o l0 !ell .o ,. /ormall.+ !he pas! !ense o& !he %er# ,!o #e, isN 3 *as+ he *as. L ! !he if I were you s!r c! re 0oes no! se !he pas! simple !ense o& !he %er# ,!o #e,. 3! ses !he past subjunctive o& !he %er# ,!o #e,. 3n !he &ollo*ing e'amples+ .o can see !ha! *e o&!en se !he s #$ nc!i%e &orm "ere ins!ea0 o& ,*as, a&!erN

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if as if "ish suppose +nformal 5The "as &orm is possi#le in in&ormal+ &amiliar con%ersa!ion.6 3& + "as .o nger+ 3 *o l0 go. 3& he "asn/t so mean+ he *o l0 # . one &or me. 3 *ish + "asn/t so slo*G 3 *ish it "as longer. 3!4s no! as i& + "as gl.. "he ac!s as i& she "as O een. 0ote% 8e 0o no! normall. sa. ,i& 3 *as .o ,+ e%en in &amiliar con%ersa!ion.

.ormal 5The "ere &orm is correc! a! all !imes.6 3& + "ere .o nger+ 3 *o l0 go. 3& he "eren/t so mean+ he *o l0 # . one &or me. 3 *ish + "eren/t so slo*G 3 *ish it "ere longer. 3!4s no! as i& + "ere gl.. "he ac!s as i& she "ere O een. 3& + "ere .o + 3 sho l0 !ell her.

"ome &i'e0 e'pressions se !he s #$ nc!i%e. 2ere are some e'amplesN

1on2 live the 3in24 5o' bless America4 6eaven forbid4 Be that as it may+ he s!ill *an!s !o see her. Come "hat may+ 3 *ill ne%er &orge! .o . 8e are all ci!i7ens o& !he *orl0+ as it were.

/o* chec) .o r n0ers!an0ing X

Uos! !his page !o 0el.icio. s

Ge! !he E- !ool#ar

" #scri#e !o E-

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