Student ID: ____________

ICS 151 Digital Logic Design, Fall Quarter2005, Final Page 1

ICS 151
Final



Name : _________________ , _________________
(Last Name) (First Name)

Student ID : _______________

Signature : ________________


Instructions:

1. Please verify that your paper contains 15 pages including this cover.
2. Write down your Student-Id on the top of each page of this quiz.
3. This exam is closed book. No notes or other materials are permitted.
4. Total credits of this final are 80 points + 10 EXTRA CREDIT.
5. To receive credit you must show your work clearly.
6. No re-grades will be entertained if you use a pencil.
7. Calculators are NOT allowed.







Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6[Extra
Credit]
Total Credit 15 10 15 10 30 10








Student ID: ____________
ICS 151 Digital Logic Design, Fall Quarter2005, Final Page 2

Question 1. [Multiple choice] Select the correct answer:

[NO CREDIT UNLSESS YOU SHOW YOUR COMPLETE WORK]

a. What is -75 in 2s complement? [3 points]

2. (B5)
16




75 = 01001011
-75 = 10110100 + 1 = 10110101 = B5











b. How many 4-to-1 multiplexers should be used to make a 64-to-1 multiplexer?
what is the critical-path-delay of a 64-to-1 multiplexer in terms of the number of
two-input gates?

[3 points]

3. 21, 12



16+4+1 = 21 MUX
Each MUX has:
1 level of 3 input AND + 1 level of 4 input OR => 4 levels of 2-input gate

3 levels of MUX * 4 levels of 2-input gates = 12
Student ID: ____________
ICS 151 Digital Logic Design, Fall Quarter2005, Final Page 3

c. What is the result of Boolean expression simplification for :

BC + D (A + B) + BCD + ABC

[5 points]
3. B + D


Use K-MAP













d. How many 2k*4-bit RAM modules do we need to compose a 64k*12 RAM
module? What should be the size of decoder?

2. 96, 5-to-32
[4 points]



(64/2) * (12/4) = 96 ram modules
32 rows of ram modules => 5-to-32 decoder
Student ID: ____________
ICS 151 Digital Logic Design, Fall Quarter2005, Final Page 4

Question 2 [Mealy machine design] [10 points]

Draw the FSM diagram for a Mealy machine that can detect the pattern 1011 on a stream
of binary values arriving as input x and generating output z=1 when the pattern is
detected. Your model should also be able to detect overlapping sequences.


Input/Output

Student ID: ____________
ICS 151 Digital Logic Design, Fall Quarter2005, Final Page 5
Question 3 [Sequential circuit analysis] [15 points]

Analyze the circuit given below ( x is input and z is output):






a. Write the equation for flip-flops inputs (D1, D0) and the circuit output (z) [3
points]

D1 = S1S0X + XS0
D0 = X(S1 + S0)
Z = S1S0
















Student ID: ____________
ICS 151 Digital Logic Design, Fall Quarter2005, Final Page 6





b. Fill the state table based on the input equation for flip-flops: [6 points]


Present state Input Next state Output
S1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
S0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
X
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
D1(n1)
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
D0(n0)
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
Z
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1


c. Draw the FSM of the circuit based on the state table driven in part (b) [5 points]






d. Guess the functionality of the circuit. [1 points]
101 Detector
Student ID: ____________
ICS 151 Digital Logic Design, Fall Quarter2005, Final Page 7
Question 4 [C to RTL transformation] [10 points]

Here is a C program that computes the square root of an integer number x:

temp = 0;
While (temp * temp < x)
temp++;
sqrtx = temp;

Convert this C program to an FSMD (high-level behavioral state machine)
(Note: Just draw the FSMD, no need for any other step)



Student ID: ____________
ICS 151 Digital Logic Design, Fall Quarter2005, Final Page 8
Question 5 [RTL-based design] [30 points]

We want to design a circuit that finds an 8-bit input value X inside a 1024*8 memory
and return the index of the value when it is found in memory otherwise it returns -1. The
circuit begins when a START signal is set to 1 and asserts a DONE signal at
completion.


a. Capture a high-level state machine [10 points]

Start
Start'
cnt = 0, return = -1
cnt < 1024
(mem[cnt] = x)'
return = cnt
DONE = 1
mem[cnt] = x
cnt++
(cnt < 1024)'






Student ID: ____________
ICS 151 Digital Logic Design, Fall Quarter2005, Final Page 9
b. Create the datapath using the components (as many as needed) listed below:

a. RAM
b. Adder
c. Comparator
d. Register
[10 points]




Two notes:
1. cnt_reg is a 10-bit register. Ret_reg is an 11-bit register. Adder is a 10-bit adder.
2. You can remove MUX, by using a register that has PRESET input and activate
the PRESET in initialization cycle that makes ret_reg=111 1111 1111













Student ID: ____________
ICS 151 Digital Logic Design, Fall Quarter2005, Final Page 10













c. Connect the datapath to controller [5 points]



Student ID: ____________
ICS 151 Digital Logic Design, Fall Quarter2005, Final Page 11

d. Derive the controllers FSM diagram [5 points]




Student ID: ____________
ICS 151 Digital Logic Design, Fall Quarter2005, Final Page 12
Question 6 [Pipeline utilization] [10 points: EXTRA CREDIT]

a. Using Adder, Subtractor, and Multiplier, design a circuit that performs the following
operation: [1 point]

Z = (A+B)*(C+D) (E+F)*(H+G)

A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H and Z are 8 bit registers.














b. If addition/subtraction takes 10 ns and multiplication takes 25 ns, what is the fastest
clock frequency for the above circuit? [1 points]

freq = 1/45ns = 22.2 MHz
Student ID: ____________
ICS 151 Digital Logic Design, Fall Quarter2005, Final Page 13
c. Add pipeline registers to your design in part (a) to make your design as fast as
possible. [2 points]
















d. What is the fastest clock frequency for the pipelined version in part (c)? What is
latency for this circuit? [2 points]

freq = 1/25 = 40 MHz
latency = 3 * 25 = 75 nS
Student ID: ____________
ICS 151 Digital Logic Design, Fall Quarter2005, Final Page 14
e. Consider the schedule below for computing Z = (A+B)*(C+D) (E+F)*(H+G) that
uses 5 adder/subtractors and 2 multipliers:



Draw a new schedule that uses only 2 adders/subtractor and 1 multiplier. How many
cycles it will take to compute a new value for Z? [2 points]






4 cycles


Student ID: ____________
ICS 151 Digital Logic Design, Fall Quarter2005, Final Page 15

f. Draw the new datapath based on the schedule in part (e) [Hint: Add the required
multiplexers] [2 points]