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CHINESE JOURNAL OF RARE METALS

2003 Years 1 Month January 2003

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Niobium Capacitors Research Status and Development Trend

1,2 3 2 2 2 1 , Dong Ningli , Zhong Jingming , Luo Chun , High Chunguang Tao Brave

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(1. Xi'an University of Electronic , Shaanxi , Ningxia 753000) Engineering Xi'an 710048 ; 2. Ningxia Xingri Electronics Co., Ltd. Shizuishan
: Describes the basic properties of niobium and niobium materials in the , quo Summary --electronic Manufacturing components niobium Summary industry capacitors. ofApplication studies of niobium Background, capacitor History, causes, Status , ,

An objective analysis of the advantages Shortcoming Niobium of niobium powder capacitors, combined with the current Niobium state ofCapacitors development forand future performance trends andlevels market prospect.

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: Niobium ; Niobium Capacitors ; Research ; Trends Keyword

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: TF841. 6 ; TM535. 1

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Article ID : 0258- 7076 (2003) 01 - 0039 - 04

Multilayer ceramic capacitor technology status ...

1 Basic properties of niobium , Tantalum Table In the electronics industry , capacitors Ceramic Capacitors , ALUMINUM , They Container , Film capacitors are the 4 main Category Capacitors Table 1

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Basic characteristics of niobium

Tantalum Niobium Aluminum
73 41 92. 91 bcc 2468 41 2. 4 8. 6 13 26. 98 fcc 660 9 1. 2 2. 7

Capacitor market occupies a very ,important Which tantalum positioncapacitors

, And Are the four best performance capacitor capacitor tantalum Capacitance
Element Atomic

Camera flash capacitor industry now ...

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, Surface-mount technology and adapt toAtomic Are small , High capacity the electronic circuit 180. 95 weight , It is widely used in mobile communications Requirements of miniaturization , Calculate Crystal structure , As the electronics Machine , Aerospace and other . In industries recent
Mpfast industry, Permittivity
g cm Density bcc 2996 27 1. 6 16. 6

Chemical capacitor technology status and hair ...

5 Free

Capacitor tantalum and niobium powder Progress

6 1 Cai Fuzhi

, People object tantalum capacitors such performance products Rapid development nm Thickness of film text , Appeared tantalum Original Increasing demand , Especially1999 in Years - 3

, But as tantalum capacitors Capacitor tight market situation Niobium future technologies and markets , The supply The rapid development of of its raw materials, there was greater ) , Bu t reserv es th an n io b iu m tan talu m reso u rce-rich Important reason Contribute 5 Free , Because tantalum raw , Tantalum Crisis . 2000 Years material shortage raw material prices causeda better translation ( With , According to relevant , World Multistatistics tantalum-niobium ore reserves were , To of tantalum capacitors Non-ferrous metals - Tantalum Soaring ,grid To a certain extent, affected the development ) : Tantalum 308029 t , Niobium 48813534 t ; Our Pentoxide count 5 1 Cai , People ( With ) : Tantalum A change in the status quo began to actively study newTantalum materials 42319 t , Niobium Capital Source To and niobium Five Oxygen Of Matter Count Shortage of raw materials , toNiobium replace tantalum material powder into which reFuzhi Newsstand production contract [1] 1630914 t , Tantalum is 40 nearly . So with tantalum capacitors Double , Because niobium as a , And The focus of attention valvetantalum metal belong 2 5 Cai , People began to be developed on niobium Development . capacitors , Have , And Group transition elements similar physical and chemical properties of tantalum Fuzhi October 2006 Higher Education Examination ... 20 Century 60 , 70 Years in the United States and the former Soviet-led country , In ex , Easy-p Tantalum and niobium rich p en insiv resources , Stab e le than iece 41 Free [2 ] , However, in the production process ,n Of, Lightweight , Fo r Su rf ace Mo u Is t th e b est altern ativFamily e p ro dbegan u ctioa n study of niobium capacitors High School Mathematics Teaching Papers: Student thi The thermodynamic and electrical stress that this layer of niobium pentoxide dielectric was , So once again set off a boom in studies of niobium Article . capacitors

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Early studies of niobium capacitors

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, Belong to the valve metal 3 Kind , However, in the durability , As test , Niobium , and As aluminum tantalum and in of timber Method the leakage current causes library Complaint Center ; such questions or comments you want to make feature The failure rate is still high . In order to clarify the raw niobium capacitors ( 1) Compound has a high dielectric Table constant . suggestions, please click here for feedback. , People ( This and testing process reasons for this to phenomenon occurred , Belong to a family , Performance Simultaneously of tantalum and is also niobium also very Production similar , An important mechanism comes with the , And tantalum A lot of research Tantalum , Niobium is often Ore , Niobium is difficult to completely separate work
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: 2002 - 12 - 14 Received : 2002 - 11 - 10 ; Revision Date ) Focus on technical innovation and state funded projects : National High Technology Research 863 Funded /projects 4(2002AA325120 and Development Program 1 (1968 - ) , Male , Inner Mongolia , PhD , Senior Engineer ; Research : Microelectronics Technology About the :author Chunguang Ximeng people ( E2 mail : Lichunguang @nxre. com) 3 Communications contacts

Fund

2 Cai Fuzhi

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, Arecapacitors , Application Very similar to tantalum due to crystallization of amorphous Container oxide production film technology has made great progress conductive poly
[3 , 4 ] NEO Products , Low ESR tantalum And the dielectric of the anode body occurs due to . migrationCompounds of oxygen produced [5]

, Organic , The China in70 the In the early Tantalum capacitors from the development Container production phase to the aluminum capacitors development of these new technologies , Dramatic 2000 The mass production stage increase in ,the Full amount tantalum of tantalum powder Niobium powder one o'clock capacitors developed to provide . the necessary Years theoretical foundation

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Niobium Capacitors research status and development trend _ Baidu library

, So the , of not , To Tantalum capacitors meet the needs of development development can niobium Tantalum capacitors powder shortages caused a certain price extent, hikes affected the , Thetantalum , Japan NEC Company Lack of resources to solve electronics powder industry and non-ferrous The normal development metallurgy of tantalum capacitors niobium solid electrolytic 3 Month , Development was held in Wuxi, , studied and applied for a patent Industrial new topic . 1970 Years XieJiangsu capacitor and manufacturing methods were ) , The , Call capacitors Development of a special(meeting Call 703 of Meeting niobium capacitors meeting clearly And 2001 Was already produced samples of niobium , Capacitor across NB Series , D Shellto Proposed " Tantalum, Slogan niobium-generation ' the country and decided size 7. 3 , 4. 3 , 2. 8 mm , Maximum working 2. 5 V , of 220capacity F , Equivalent Production plant actively , Development developing of, Niobium To meet Capacitors the electronicsOperating industry voltage An electrostatic of series 703 After the meeting , 718 Factory was established 55 m , The The need for rapid . development niobium Resistance is less than shape and structure of niobium capacitors tantalum capacitors End , Similar performance , NEC The company plans to expand niobium capacitors Capacitor Lab , After two years,of Initial trial success , NiobiumAll the same 30 Ten thousand , Machine is mainly used , Deposit 1000 , Operating voltage 10 V to , Operating temperature range Fto Annual output capacitor for civilian Capacitance value
[6] 105 , And niobium capacitors production technology In many quality problems Wai to , A n d 2002 Years In Period Cast Enter Batch Amount Raw Property . is not , Niobium lead to the production of quality capacitors NEC Company Too mature there claimed are many joint cooperation with, the Solution manufacturers developed niobium powder

, Such as leakage current generally, higher Problem No storage than tantalum performance Determine capacitors the most critical problem of niobium . Other,oxide Also film sound on the thermal stability 7] , Thermal , In particular, Tantalum capacitor for stable stability of niobium oxide film in Said the conductive polymer produced [the . niobium capacitor
[8] 230~ 260 AIC Company After repeated membrane processes The thermal decomposition of manganese nitrate 2001 Years 9 Month began offering niobium capacitors Hitachi [9] , 15 % , , Plans 2003 To achieve mass production , He The solution during the Increased process capacity Above There are even Implement Sample in autumn

30than %Case , In the production process is difficult , to By Greater control drastically reducing the impurity content of niobium powder to ensure the capacitor 2 (as Besides, the product performance . After is a also period not stable of another enough customer Performance . He provided the sample size Manganese shown in Table dioxide and ( ) ). Use of time Especially the Also military reflect Niobium Capacitors Samedeposit two conductive polymer , Can not replace tantalum ," capacitors In many shortcomings Tantalum, niobium-generation AVX " Company Research niobium capacitor samples have been put in Britain 1975 Years after the exit of the history Mark Obusze Keep cool , Niobium capacitors of dance Market . AVX International Technical Marketing Manager 2

Taiwan .

wski Representation , The company is trying to solve instead of niobium tantalum capacitors

Recent Development of Niobium Capacitors 10 4 were V , 6 V And Range of values ~ 1000 F , Operating voltages

And aluminum capacitors .ofThe technical company problems hopes to develop a capacitor

, As technology continues to Powder Enter 90 Years since 10 V Production Niobium capacitors . AVX Niobium Capacitors currently being prototyped electric , In the niobium powder production technology , Niobium 100~ 470 F , Operating temperatures 105 Improve has powder made Capacitance great progress range up . to , Such : Starck Public Electrical performance has been greatly as German improved Kemet The world's leading enterprises - - - United tantalum States capacitors Public Nb2O Division with molten alkaline earth metal or rare earth Division metal reduction 5 Preparation is also actively developing . Kemet Niobium Electric companies Capacitors are trial , After 5~ 2. 13 niobium 150 F was 6 V Niobium capacitors Niobium powder treatment, the particle size of 0. the obtained powder Capacitance , Operating Voltage . 10 ~ 30 min , 40 V m , Powder 1150~ 1300 Sintering , Specific capacity 80000 ~ 250000 Formed capacitor anodes made Epcos A G Niobium capacitor samples , Capacitance provided by value the Company 100 , 150 , 220 F , Operating Voltage 10 V , Standard and thin
2 Hitachi AIC Our products details table Table Table 2

F V g

- 1

, Leakage current 2 A F than V is less

- 1

- 1

; Ningxia Orient

Special Materials Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. in the niobium powder FANG
, Already Surface Also Take GetTheRelatively Large Of Enter Step After Research System Out , And 80000 F V g The niobium powder has achieved a small
- 1

Details of product made by Hitachi AIC Inc.

Dimensions
3 . 5 2 . 8 1 . 9 mm 6 . 0 3 . 2 2 . 5 mm 7 . 3 4 . 3 2 . 8 mm

Case No. Rated voltage Capacitance volume B of 6. 3 V 47 F

220 F

Scale

. In addition, to There are several companies conducting niobium C 6 . 3 V powder 100 F

E 6. 3 V

Research and . development

, Electrolytic In powder technology has made great progress at the same time

1 Period

Li Chunguang, Niobium etc. Capacitors Research Status and Development Trend

41

D Class encapsulates , Operating temperatures 105 : Relative to tantalum, resources Type up . The to company plans to (1) Resource-rich Niobium Resources are concerned To 125 is , For cars , According to relevant , World The maximum operating temperature raised to the capacitor Rich multistatistics reserves of tantalum and niobium ore ( Count to ) : Tantalum 308029 t , Niobium 48813534 t . And industrial applications . Vishay The company has started to provide capacitors Toniobium five oxides , Capacitance range 10 ~ 1000 F , Operating Voltage Range (2) Lightweight high Control samples : Niobium 8. 6 g cm - 3 , of hematocrit is the proportion - 3 (16. 6~ 10 V , Operating temperature - 55 ~ 85 ) 6 g cm range . Products, using its , , electronic technology Tantalum Half With the development of

Various forms of . packaging

Light is the pursuit of a goal

, And just Niobium Capacitors

Kathirgamanathan , PoopathySuch as polyaniline andMeet polypyrrole the needsin of the development . of electronic markets , Slightly to prepare a cathode material for high-frequency niobium electrolytic (3) : Compared Small , capacitors Easy to implement chip-based with aluminum capacitors 800 kHz ,of The operating frequency The manganese dioxide cathode Compare tantalum , Not only the performance , And , is much the volume better is much smaller 100 kHz . In addition , Czech Capacitors only to , Russia [10 ] , On , It This can improve the utilization of space the other hand tantalum phase

, It capacitors , Achieve Surface , And Other countries are also actively conduct . Ningxia research Star niobium Close is easy to create a chip capacitors Mount Japanese Electronics Co., "Niobium Ltd. Capacitors on chip" Item Chip type aluminum capacitors to achieve the . possibility is very small 863 Projects have been included Plan ,in Research the national is currently being carried out planned (4)as Even if the product is not prone to ignition failure product now Research . work : Relative to tantalum , Ancapacitors Elephant important feature of niobium capacitors

Be , In case of failure of the life test firing . Code low of niobium capacitors 3 Niobium Capacitors future trends and market outlook DC Type of situation is a high Leakage failure . Current Niobium Capacitors usually fail With the development, of Microprocessors electronic circuits and digital circuits ; is Breakdown Their not capacity and good capacitors . Contrary rather Of , Tantalum capacitor failure situation is typical .breakdown In and short-circuit [11 ] MnO 2 Only for the cathode tantalum 100 kHz , The use of Low impedance, circuit capacitors , This Especially in the large number of capacitors loss of in the shell 800 Highly conductive organic polymer whose operating frequency can will reach Effect cause the capacitor .ignition and combustion
kHz , While using a conductive polymer material helps reduce the (5)temperature , Niobium capacitors applications better than In the filter circuit Too high for niobium pentoxide dielectric films to improve the damage caused byniobium production , Filtering Better effect of metal capacitors tantalum capacitors and general Product ,performance Therefore, the development of conductive polymers niobium capacitors are the future manufacturing process stability and performance Quite. With the gradual niobium capacitor , Niobium , Mrs , Niobium , Inevitably Inevitable .trend Studies have shown that capacitor leakage current To is too further large improve the Capacitors better overall performance , This Its high temperature leakage current is too large even Recognized more evidentby industry TIC) Newspaper . According Tantalum ( Niobium International Study Center ( 100 ~ 10 MHz ) , And Should Use W beish Request More High OfFrequency Rate With

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, This Its high temperature leakage current is too large even Recognized more evidentby industry TIC) Newspaper . According Tantalum ( Niobium International Study Center 1 See , Therefore, the leakage current of the capacitor Can see from Figure to improve the level of niobium will gain : Forecast 2005 Niobium , Niobium Road Capacitors popularity Capacitors in

Niobium Capacitors research status and development trend _ Baidu library

Niobium capacitors the future the focus of . research and the use ; 2005 Years , Niobium Capacitors The sales will reach 100 One hundred million later
, The pressure 12 %~ 15 %Annual growth of around With ,the continuous improvement of niobium resistance powder Theof hematocrit market niobium demand powder is likely to ( 220 Will reduce Low ( 2. 5 ~ 10 V ) Hig h cap acity ~ 1000 Long steady growth . rate , It partially F) Product is the main direction of future product research

Bear Theory Replace tantalum and aluminum . Although capacitors the presence of 4 a niobium capacitor
, But it These alone can not overcome the also shortcomings has other electrical ,Mainly the following : points Container unmatched advantages ,

With the niobium manufacturing And a capacitor technology continues to improve , powder Manufacturing technology Niobium continues capacitors to improve will have better performance
, Niobium Capacitors Capacitors bound as a new push Large increase , Find its application areas , Meanwhile niobium capacitors will also To the market

Become tantalum ,capacitors Ceramic Capacitors , Aluminum , capacitors Thin film Container after the fifth class of . large capacitor
(6. ) chart 1 Niobium capacitor leakage current 3 V 15 F B Shell Chart versus temperature Fig. 1 Leakage current change vs temperature (6. 3 V 15 F B case niobium capacitor )

: References
. Non-ferrous [ 1 ] Non-ferrous metallurgy manual extraction of the Editorial metal Committee extraction metallurgy hand : Ra r e r e fr a c to r y ( ) ,d 1999 :r e s s Book me L ota wls e. rM vo e lt u am llu er sg i c a l I n u s t r,y 1P

42
171.

Dilute HaveGoldBelong
. Tantalum-Niobium , 2002 75 (1) :Progress 23. [ 6 ] Chen Shui-Feng Industrial . Tantalum-Niobium , 2001 73 (3) :Progress 31. [ 7 ] Square Red Industrial . No 1815. [ 8 ] Metals Commentary

27 Volume

[2 ] Carts 2002 : 22nd Capacitor And Resistor Technology Sympos2 ium , 25- 29 March 2002 , Yuri Pozdeev2 Freeman And Pete Ma2 den Vishay Sprague. 1750 Main St. , Sanford , ME04073 , USA. [ 3 ] Kurt A. Habecker , Douglassville PA (US) , James A. Fife , Myr2 tle Beach SC (US) , cabot corporation. Method of making niobi2 um and other metal powders. Petent number : US 6402066 B1 , Data of Patent : J un. 11 , 2002. [ 4 ] James A Fife. Nitrided niobium powders and niobium electrolyt2

[ 9 ] TIC Meeting 2000 , Mondy Oct. 23rd 2000 San Francisco. US De2 velopment of Niobium capacitors using conductive polymer . De2 velopment of Niobium Capacitors , Toshihiko Nishiyama , Katuhiro Y oshida , Tadamasa Asami Masaki Fujiwara , Y oshihiko Saiki. NEC Corporation. . No 1787. [10 ] Metals Commentary [ 11 ] Kathirgamanathan , Poopathy , Ravichandran , Seenivasagam . Conducting polymer cathodes for high2 frequency operable electro2 lytic niobium capacitors. Synthetic Metal , 1995 , 74 (2) : 165.

ic capacitors. Petent number : US6338816 B1 , Data of Patent : Jan. 15 , 2002. . Tantalum-Niobium , 2001 , 73 (3) Progress : 3. [ 5 ] Wang Zhaoxiang Industrial

Current Status and Future Trend of Niobium Capacitor

Li Chunguang1 , 23 , Dong Ningli 2 , Zhong Jingming2 , Luo Chuntao 2 , Gao Y ong1 ( 1 . The Department
of Electronic Engineering , Xi' an University of Technology , Xi' an 710048 , China ; 2 . Ningxia Xingri Electronics Co. , L t d . , S hizuishan 753000 , China )
Abstract : This paper gives an introduction to basic performance of metal Nb and applications of niobium as a kind of material used in the industry of electronic components and devices , and also gives a description of the original , background , history and current status for development of niobium capacitor , its performances and advantages for applications. Moreover , based on current progress for developing niobium powder and its performance level , this paper shows an outlook of fu2 ture trend and market of niobium capacitor.

Key words : niobium ; niobium capacitor ; current progress ; future trend

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