Pascals Law

Change in pressure
If there are two orifices in a tank and apply a force to a piston...

Change in pressure
where will be the higher pressure?

Pascals Law
Change in pressure is transmitted equally throughout a fluid, in all directions.

Hydraulic jack

Home experiment

Hydrostatic paradox
Pressure is bigger in point ... ?

Hydrostatic paradox
Pressure force is equal, if there is equal head and equal area of the bottom. Mass, volume and weight may differ at any extent.

Examples

Calculation of pressure force

Pressure force is pressure multiplied by area to which the former is applied

F = p 1 A1 = p 2A2

Worked example
Find a hydrostatic pressure force on the horisontal surface KLMN given size of the vessel and water head.

Worked example
Step 1. Define pressure force F=pA

Worked example
Step 2. Calculate area of the surface KLMN A = 1.2 * 0.5 = 0.6 m2

Worked example
Step 3. Calculate pressure at the level of the surface KLMN p = gh where h is head above the surface, not above the bottom

Worked example
Step 3. Calculate pressure at the level of the surface KLMN p = gh where h is head above the surface, not above the bottom p = 1000 * 9.8 * (2.2-0.4) p = 17.6 kPa

Worked example
Step 4. Calculate pressure force F=p*A F = 17600 * 0.6 = 10.5 kN