Applied Calculus Zanswers

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Answers to Exercises
and Pre/PostTests
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Section 0.10.2 Answers to Exercises and Pre/Post Tests
Pretest 0.1
1. 1
23. 15x - 192/2

24. 1c - by2/a
2. -3
25. 1c - ax2/b
3. 3
26. 5/91F - 322
4. 7
5. -2/3
28. 12A - ah2/h
6. 59/158 L 0.37342
29. RW/1W - R2
7. 20
30. M = 19, L = 12
8. 45
9. 4/3
27. V/1pr22
31. J = 16, M = 21
32. 84
10. 12x - 52/3
33. w = 5, l = 13
Posttest 0.1
35. 531, 32, 336
1. 1
2. 2
34. 12 cm
36. 517, 19, 216

37. (a) 2 hrs
(b) 160 mi, 120 mi
3. -3
4. 15
5. 17/2
6. -32/7
7. 2/9
8. -270/109 L -2.47706
9. 13x - 92/4
10. 6 ft
Exercise Set 0.1

1. 16
38. 4 hrs
39. 4 hrs
40. 25
41. 150
42. 36
43. 5/14
44. 12/15
45. $6,480
46. 3 yrs.
47. 4%
2. -6
3. 0
Pretest 0.2
4. 0
1. 0, 5/4
5. 8/3
2. 0, 4
6. 4
3. ;7/3
7. -2/9
4.
8. 26/11
5. 2, -13/6
9. 59/21
6. ;2 22i
; 23
2
; 2 22
3
10. 2
7.
11. -3/7
8. 5 ; 3 22
12. -14/11
13. 12
9. 5 ; 3 23i
10.
5 ; 2 25
2
14. 15
15. 8/15
Posttest 0.2
16. 10
1. 0, 3/7
17. -33
2. 0, 9/2
18. 29/7
3. ;9/4
19. 19/18
4. ;3/2
20. 65/84
5. ;1
21. 755/9
6. ;2 25i
2. 119 + 2y2/5
7.
; 26
4
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8. -3 ; 226
44. 5 ; 2 23i
9. 5 ; 223i
45.
10.
- 4 ; 2 23
5
Exercise Set 0.2

1. ;5
2. ;6
3. ;2
4. ;7
5. ;8
6. ;3
7. ;5
8. ;8
9. ;3
10. ;3
11. ;322
12. ;222
46.
47.
48.
49.
2 ; 5i
3
- 7 ; 6i
4
3 ; 2 26i
2
5 ; 3 22i
3
2 ; 2 23i
3
50. -3 ; 3 22
51.
52.
53.
2 ; 2 23
3
- 4 ; 5 25i
10
3 ; 2 25i
2
54. -7 ; 3 22
55.
56.
57.
- 7 ; 3 22i
2
15 ; 2 215
9
15 ; 2 215i
6
Pretest 0.3
13. ;223
1. 16
14. ;226
2. 9/4
15. ;5i
3. 5 ; 2 27
16. ;6i
4.
17. ;2i
5.
- 5 ; 3 25
2
6 ; 4 23
3
18. ;7i
19. ;3i
Posttest 0.3
20. ;4i
1. 36
21. ;225i
2. 25/4
2. ;222i
3. 6 ; 2 210
- 3 ; 3 25
2
23. ;4i
4.
24. ;322i
5. 2 ; 26
25. ;323i
26. ;223
27. ;422i
28.
29.
; 2170
10
; 2230
10
30. ;226i
31. -1, 5
32. -4, 5
33. -5/2, 3
34. -8, 2
35. -2, 10
36. -2, 5
37. -4/3, 4
38.
39.
40.
41.
7 ; 3 22
4
- 4 ; 2 25
5
3 ; 2 26
2
1 ; 2 22
3
Exercise Set 0.3

1. 1x + 222 - 4
2. 1x + 322 - 9
3. 1x - 322 - 9
4. 1x - 422 - 16
5. 1x - 522 - 25
6. 1x + 622 - 36
7. 1x + 3/222 - 9/4
8. 1x - 3/222 - 9/4
9. 1x - 5/222 - 25/4
10. 1x + 5/222 - 25/4

11. 1x - 7/222 - 49/4
12. 1x + 9/222 - 81/4
13. -1 ; 211, -4.317, 2.317

14. -3 ; 26, -0.551, -5.449
15. 1 ; 211, -2.317, 4.317
42. -3 ; 3i
16. 3 ; 26, 0.551, 5.449
43. 4 ; 4i
17. -3 ; 2 23, -6.464, 0.464
605
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18. 4 ; 2 25, -0.472, 8.472
3. -1, 5/4
19. 6 ; 2210, -0.325, 12.325
4.
20.
21.
2.
23.
- 5 ; 3 25
, -5.854, 0.854
2
5 ; 3 25
, -0.854, 5.854
2
3 ; 213
, -0.303, 3.303
2
- 3 ; 213
, -3.303, 0.303
2
27. 1, 1/6
28. -1 ; 227, -6.29, 4.29
- 5 ; 239i
2
- 1 ; 2119i
12
6. 19, -4, 42
9. (5, 0, 11)
10. 17, -3, 02

11. 14, -9, 02
33. 5 ; 5i
34. 4 ; 2 25i
35. 2 ; 223, -1.464, 5.464
36. -3 ; 223i
39.
5. 15, 27, -102
8. 12, 0, -102
32. 6 ; 223i
38.
1. 11, 4, -112
7. 15, 10, -142
31. 3 ; 214i
3 ; 23i
2
- 5 ; 215i
2
- 4 ; 214
,
2
Answers in 115 are in the form (a, b, c)
4. 13, 7, -102
26. -7, 5
37.
Exercise Set 0.4
3. 15, -8, -122
25. -2, 5
30.
5. 7.129 sec.
2. 13, 7, -82
24. -1 ; 3i
29.
5 ; 223i
8
12. 13, -2, -132
13. 18, -14, -222
14. 160, -152, 712

15. 14, 5, -212
16. -1 ; 211, -4.313, 2.317

-3.871, -0.129
17. -3 ; 26, -0.551, -5.449
40. -2, 3/2
18. 1 ; 211, -2.317, 4.317
41. -3/2, 2/3
19. 3 ; 26, 0.551, 5.449
42. -3/4, 4/3
20. -3 ; 223, -6.464, 0.464
43. -5/2, -4/3
21. 4 ; 2 25, -0.472, 8.472
44.
45.
- 5 ; 255i
4
5 ; 2103i
8
46. -5 ; 221, -9.583, -0.417

47.
48.
49.
50.
9 ; 2321
, -0.743, 2.243
12
15 ; 2393
, -0.402, 2.902
12
- 2 ; 27
, -2.323, 0.323
2
5 ; 3 25
,
-0.171, 1.171
10
2. 6 ; 2 210, -0.325, 12.325

23.
24.
25.
- 5 ; 3 25
, -5.854, 0.854
2
5 ; 3 25
, -0.854, 5.854
2
3 ; 213
, -0.303, 3.303
2
26. -1 ; 3i
27. -2, 5
28. -7, 5
51. b = 8, h = 5
29. 1, 1/6
52. 2.34 sec
30. -1 ; 2 27, -6.29, 4.29
53. 16.2 m by 6.2 m
31.
Pretest 0.4
1.
2 ; 214
2
2. 2 ; 25
3.
4.
4 ; 234
9
3 ; 23i
3
5. 1.664 or 198.336 sec.
32.
33. 3 ; 214i
34. 6 ; 2 23i
35. -5 ; 5i
36. 4 ; 2 25i
37. 2 ; 2 23, -1.464, 5.464
38. -3 ; 2 23i
39.
Posttest 0.4
1.
2.
3 ; 241
8
1 ; 233
4
- 5 ; 239i
2
- 1 ; 2119i
12
40.
41.
3 ; 23i
2
- 5 ; 215i
2
- 4 ; 214
,
2
42. -2, 3/2
-3.871, -0.129
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Section 0.5 Answers to Exercises and Pre/Post Tests

43. -3/2, 2/3
3. x -4 or x 3
44. -3/4, 4/3
4. -4 6 x 6 3
45. -5/2, -4/3
5. -5/3 x 7/4
46.
47.
- 5 ; 255i
4
- 5 ; 2103i
8
6. x 6 -5/3 or x 7 7/4
7. x -5 or x 3/5
48. -5 ; 221, -9.583, -0.417

49.
50.
51.
52.
9 ; 2321
, -0.743, 2.243
12
15 ; 2393
, -0.402, 2.902
12
- 2 ; 27
,
-2.323, 0.323
2
5 ; 3 25
,
-0.171,
1.171
10
8. -5 6 x 6 3/5
9. -4 6 x 6 5/2
10. x 2/3 or x 3/4
11. x 0 or x 5/2
12. 0 6 x 6 5/2
53. 5, 6, 7, or -7, -6, -5
13. x = -2 or x 3
54. 11, 13, 15, or -15, -13, -11
14. x 3/2
55. 16.971 in
15. x -3 or 0 x 2
56. 13.416 in
16. -5 x -1 or x 2
57. (a) 0.195 sec or 4.805 sec (b) 5 sec (c) 5.807 sec
17. x -3/2 or -1 x 5/3
58. (a) 3.062 sec (b) 3.536 sec (c) 3.953 sec
18. x -4 or x -3
59. 4ft
19. 2 6 x 6 5
60. 82 and 94 miles
20. x 6 -7 or x 7 6
61. (a) 3.584ft (b) 12.832ft by 16.832 ft
21. -4/3 x 3/2
62. 10 and 12 mph
2. x 6 -4/3 or x 7 3/2
63. 4 hr
23. x -3/2 or x 4/5
64. (a) 50, 150 (b) 100 (c) 5000
24. -3/2 6 x 6 4/5
65. (a) 18, 47 (b) 15, 50
25. x -5/4 or x 5/6
66. -4/3, 8
26. -5/4 6 x 6 5/6
67. -17/2, 3
27. -4 x 0 or x 4
68. 6/13, 4
28. x 6 -4 or 0 6 x 6 4
69. ;2
29. -5 x 0 or x 5
70.
2
312 2
3 36
2 , 3
30. x 6 -5 or 0 6 x 6 5
71. 512, 19683

72. ; 32
+ 110
2
= ; 34
+ 2 210
2
Pretest 0.5
31. -4 x 4
32. x 6 -1 or x 7 1
33. x -5/2 or x 4
34. -5/2 6 x 6 4
1. x -4 or x 2/3
35. -17/6 6 x 6 2
2. x 6 0
36. x -17/6 or x 2
3. x 3/2 or x 7 5
37. x -11/20 or x 1
4. -11/4 6 x 6 4/3
38. -11/20 6 x 6 1
5. x 6 -4 or 0 x 1 or 2 x 6 4
39. x -2 or 1 x 6 3
40. -2 6 x 6 1 or x 7 3
Posttest 0.5
41. x 6 2/3 or 5/2 6 x 6 4 or x 7 4
1. x -3/2 or x 2/5
42. 2/3 x 5/2
2. 3/4 6 x 6 1
43. x 0 or x = 3/2 or x 7 4
3. -3/2 6 x 5/2
44. 0 6 x 6 3/2 or 3/2 6 x 6 4
4. -4/5 6 x 6 3
45. x 6 3 or x 7 8
5. -5/3 6 x 0 or 2/3 x 6 5/3 or x 5/2
46. 3 6 x 8
Exercise Set 0.5

1. x 7 3/2
2. x 3/2
47. x 6 -3 or x 4
48. -3 6 x 6 4
49. 1 6 x 3
50. x 6 1 or x 7 3
607
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8. 5/4, 1-12/5, 02, (0,3)
51. x 7 3
9. -13/47, 1-112/13, 02, 10, -112/472
52. x 6 3
53. x -6 or -5 6 x 6 5 or x 6
10. 0, 10, -19/42
54. -6 6 x 6 -5 or 5 6 x 6 6
11. y = -3x + 11
55. x -3 or x = 0 or 12 6 x 2
12. y = 12 x + 1
56. -3 6 x 6 -4/3 or -4/3 6 x 6 0 or 0 6 x 6 2 or x 7 2
13. y = 16 x
57. x 6 -9/2 or 7/4 x 6 2 or x = 0
14. y = 14x + 143/10
58. -9/2 6 x 6 -1/2 or -1/2 6 x 6 0 or 0 6 x 6 7/4 or x 7 2
15. y = 4.1x - 12.3
59. -222 x 2 22
16. x = -1
60. x 6 -2 22 or x 7 222
17. y = -6
61. 1 - 22 6 x 6 1 + 22
18. y = 2x + 4
62. x 1 - 22 or x 1 + 22
19. x = 12
63. x 6 2 - 325 or x 7 2 + 325
20. y = 8
64. 2 - 325 x 2 + 3 25
21.
65.
66. - q 6 x 6 q
Pretest 1.1
1. y = 2x + 5
2. 5/2
3. -9/2
4. 9/5
5. y = 3x - 11
6. x = 5
7. y = 2
8. 5x - 2y = 16
9. 3x - 2y = 8
2.
10. 2x + 3y = 27
Posttest 1.1
1. y = 3x - 3
2. -2/7
3. 12/7
4. 6
5. -3x + 2y = 38
6. y = 6
7. x = 5
8. x + 11y = 47
9. 2x + 5y = 5
Exercise Set 1.1

1. y = 2x + 4
2. y = -3x
3. y = -2
4. y = 12 x + 1/4
5. y = 14 x + 3
6. 3/4, 14, 02, 10, -32
7. - 12, 19/2, 02, 10, 9/42
23.
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24.
28.
25.
29.
26.
30.
y = 19/4
27.
31.
609
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36.
x = 1
37.
33.
38.
34.
39.
35.
x = 12
(12, 0)
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40.
611
54. 24
55. -2
56. 0
57. no slope
58. 4/7
59. x = 1
60. 7x - 5y = 59
61. 8x + 5y = 0.
62. y = 4
63. x = 12
64. y = 12 x + 3
41. (a) 2/5, (3,0), 10, -6/52

(b) y =
2
5x
65. 14x + 2y = 3
66. y = 24x - 9
37
5
67. y = -2x
68. y = -5
69. x = 12
(0, 37/5)
70. y = 47 x + 4
71. y = 3x - 8
72. (a) 2x - 5y = 16
(b) 5x + 2y = -18
73. (a) 3x + 7y = -18
(0, -6/5)
(b) 7x - 3y = 16
74. (a) 3
42. (a) -3/7, 1-14, 02, 10, -62

(b) y = - 37 x - 2
(b)
C2
2 AB
75. 5y + 2x = 20, 5y - 2x = 20.

76. y = -5x ; 20
77. (a) 291/5
(b) `
C
` 2A2 + B2
AB
78. (b) no
(c) examine the slopes
79. t = -0.05x + 4000
80. 130
81. 166
43. (a) y = -6/5
(b) x = 3
82.
(c)
44. (a) y = -6
(b) x = -14
45. y = 1, y = -7
(a)
46. x = 8, x = -4
47. no slope
48. 7/5
49. -8/5
(b)
50. 0
51. no slope
52. 12
53. -7
(d) They are horizontal translations of each other. Each graph may be obtained from (a) by moving it 3 units to the left or right.
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11. D = 53, 4, 7, 116, R = 5 -5, 11, 196
83.
(b)
(a)
12. D = 5 -3, 2, 5, 196 R = 53, 5, 76

13. D = 53, 7, 96 R = 5 -5, 2, 5, 116
14. D = 52, 3, 5, 66 R = 5 -16
15. D = 54, 5, 96 R = 5 -22, 2, 3, 76

16. D = 51, 2, 3, 46 R = 556
17. (a) -5
(b) -8
(c) 1
(d) 6x - 5
(c)
(e) 3x + 3h - 5
18. (a) -1
(d) They are vertical translations of each other. Each graph may be obtained
from (a) by moving it 4 units Up or down.
(b) 7
(c) 1
(d) 18x2 - 1
(e) 2x2 + 4xh + 2h2 - 1
84.
19. (a) -1/3

(b) 0
(d)
(c) 4/3
(d) 12x + 12/14x - 32
(e)
(e) 1x + h + 12/12x + 2h - 32
20. (a) 0
(a)
(b)
(b) 0
(c) 12
(d) 48
(c)
(e) 4x22x + 1
(f) They are each obtained from (a) by moving it 4 units up or down and simultaneously moving it 3 units to the left or right.
21. 3
85. The second line is obtained from the first by moving it h units horizontally
and k units vertically.
23. m
87. (a) 2x + y = 6
25. 2x + h + 3
2. 5
24. 2x + 2h - 5
(b) 2x - y = 4
26. 4x + 2h + 3
(c) 4x + 3y = 2
27. 10x + 5h - 4
88. (25/14, 46/7)

B - b
28. 3x2 + 3xh + h2

29.
-2
x1x + h2
30.
-4
1x - 321x + h - 32
31.
1
1x + h + 3 + 1x + 3
2. Is a function
32.
2
12x + 2h - 1 + 12x - 1
3. Is a function
33. (a) - q 6 x 6 q
89.
2m2 + 1
Exercise Set 1.2

1. Is a function
4. Is a function
(b)
5. Is not a function
(c) - q 6 y 6 q
6. Is a function
7. Is not a function
8. Is a function
9. D = 5-1, 1, 2, 126, R = 53, 5, 9, 236
10. D = 52, 3, 5, 76, R = 5-5, 4, 9, 116
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34. (a) - q 6 x 6 q
40. (a) - q 6 x 6 q
(b)
(b)
(c) - q 6 y 6 q
(c) y 0
35. (a) - q 6 x 6 q
(b)
(c) y 5
41. (a) - q 6 x 6 q
(b)
(c) y 0
36. (a) - q 6 x 6 q
(b)
(c) y 4
42. x Z 3/2
43. x Z -5/2
44. x Z -4/3, 3/2
45. x Z -3, 0, 3
46. Not
37. (a) x 0
47. Is
(b)
48. Is
(c) y 0
49. Is
50. Is
51. Is
52. Is
53. Is
54. Is
38. (a) x -1/2

(b)
(c) y 0
55. (a) C1d2 = e
1.75
1.25 + 0.50d
d 6 1
d 1
(b) $6.25
80
56. (a) C1h2 = c 25 + 55h
67 + 48h
(b) $245
h 6 1
1 h 6 6
h 6
(c) $403
39. (a) x 4/3

(b)
(c) y 0
16 + 3a
57. h1a2 = c 28 + 2a
66
(b) 43 in
(c) 58 in
58. (a) 7x + 5
(b) -x - 9
(c) 12x2 + 13x - 14
(d)
3x - 2
4x + 7
x Z - 74
a 6 12
12 a 19
a 7 19
613
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59. (a) x2 + 2x - 3
73.
(b) -x + 2x - 3
(c) 2x3 - 3x2
(d)
2x - 2
x2
x Z 0
60. (a) 2x2 + 3x + 4

(b) -2x2 + 3x + 10
(c) 6x3 + 14x2 - 9x - 21
(d)
3x + 7
x Z ;
2x2 - 3
26
2
74.
61. (a) x2 + 12 x + 11/2

(b) x2 - 12 x + 9/2
(c) 121x3 + x2 + 5x + 52
(d)
62. (a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
2x2 + 10
x + 1
7x - 4
x Z -1
x2 - 4
-1x + 82
x2 - 4
12x + 6
1x + 2221x - 22
3x - 6
4x + 2
x Z ;2
75.
63. (a) 2x + 9 - q 6 x 6 q
(b) 4x2 + 12x + 12 - q 6 x 6 q
64. (a) x + 2 x 1
(b) x2 + 2 - q 6 x 6 q
12 + 2x
65. (a)
x Z 0, 4
12 - 3x
121x - 32
(b)
x Z -2, 3
x + 2
66. (a) x
-q 6 x 6 q
(b) x
-q 6 x 6 q
67. (a) x
-q 6 x 6 q
(b) x
-q 6 x 6 q
68. (a) x
76. (a) 5
(b) -5
(c) 5
-q 6 x 6 q
(d) -6
(b) x x -1
69. (a) x
77. (a) 5
-q 6 x 6 q
(b) -5
(b) x x -3/2
70. 5x x is in the domain of f and f(x) is in the domain of g6

71. f1d2 = g1b2
72.
(c) 6
(d) -5
78.
3
2
1
1
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79.
615
92. (a) 864

(b) 1600
(c) 24x2y2 + 24xy 2 + 8y 2h2
(d) 16x3y2 + 8x3k
(e) 96y2 + 48hy2 + 8y2h2
(f) 48x3 + 8x3k
(g) 24x2y2, 96y2
(h) 16x3y, 48x3
80. For non integer values, Ceil1x2 = flr1x2 + 1
93. (a) 218

(b) -8
81.
(c) 2x + h - 2y2
(d) -4xy - 2kx - 9y2z2 - 9kyz2 - 3z2k2
(e) -6y3z - 3y3l + 2z + l
Exercise Set 1.3

1. (a) C1x2 = 2500 + 30x, R1x2 = 45x, $166.67
(b) 15x - 2500
(c) $266.67
82.
2. It reduces to $80
3. $500
4. $27
5. $33
6. C1x2 = 0.4x + 2000, R1x2 = 1.2x, P1x2 = 0.8x - 2000, x = 2500
7. C1x2 = 0.8x + 1000, overhead = $1000, Marginal cost = $0.80
8. $30 and $3800.
9. C1x2 = 0.75x + 4500, R1x2 = 2.25x
83. f1x2 = x18, g1x2 = 3x2 - 2x + 23
(b) $3.90 per item

10. p = -0.006x + 22.8
84. f1x2 = x54,

g1x2 = 2x8 - 11x5 - 2x + 19
11. A1t2 = -950t + 10,000, 5.26 yrs.
85. f1x2 = 1x, g1x2 = x - 3
12. House = $90,000, Land = $10,000
3 x, g1x2 = x4 - 7x2 + 3x - 2
86. f1x2 = 2
-7x - 3
2
13. f1x2 = d
2
6x - 22
87. f1u2 = 1u, u = 4x + 3x + 2x + 1x, u = 1w w = x +

3x + 2x + 1x, 8
x 6 1
1 x 6 3 f1 -22 = 11/2, f102 = -3/2, f122
x 3
w = x + 1v, v = x + 2x + 1x, v = x + 1r, r = x + 1x

88. x L 4 miles.
= 2, f152 = 8
89. x L 16 miles
91. (a) 3,
14. f1x2 = c
(b) -15
(c) 2x - 2y 2 + h
(d) -4xy - 2xk - 9y2 - 9yk - 3k2
(e) 4 + h - 2y2
(h) -4xy - 9y2, -4x - 9
x 1
1 6 x 2
x 7 2
f1 -12 = -3, f11.52 = 1, f142 = 3

(Either end points may have equality in 14 and 15.)
(f) -4x - 2xk - 9 - 9k - 3k2

(g) 2x - 2y2, 4 - 2y2
2x - 1
1
x - 1
15. f1x2 = c
1
-x
2x - 3
x -1
-1 6 x 1 f1 -22 = 1, f11.52 = -1.5, f152 = 7
x 7 1
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Section 1.31.4 Answers to Exercises and Pre/Post Testss
16. -2, 3, 0
6.5x - 19.5
6.5x - 13
24. T1x2 = d
6.5x - 65
6.5x
x 6 10
10 x 6 20
20 x 6 30
x 30
T119.9992 = $116.99, T120.0012 = $123.51 rather earn $19,999
Exercise Set 1.4

1.
(b) -1 (c) -1
2.
(b) 2 (c) 2
3.
(b) 3 (c) 3
4.
(b) -3 (c) -3
5.
(b) 1 (c) 1
17. 2,2,3,6,6
18. 1, -1, 1, 3, 1
19. (a) one intersection at (2, 1)

(b) two intersections at (0, 2) and (10, 6)
20. Three; (1/5, 3/5), (7/3, 5/3), (11/3, 7/3)
-300,000t + 1,000,000 0 t 20
21. V1t2 = e
-20,000t + 800,000
20 6 t 40
0.10x
0.15x - 700
0.25x - 6,380
22. T1x2 = f
0.28x - 9,819.50
0.33x - 18,554.50
0.35x - 24,793.50
0.08x
23. C1x2 = c 2 + 0.06x
22 + 0.04x
0 6 x 14,000
14,000 6 x 56,800
56,800 6 x 114,650
114,650 6 x 174,700
174,700 6 x 311,950
x 7 311,950
x 100
100 6 x 1000
x 7 1000
C(x)
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6.
(b) -1 (c) -1
7.
(b) 1 (c) 1
8.
(b) -2, 0 (c) -2, 0
9.
(b) None (c) None
10.
11.
617
12.
(b) -1, 5 (c) -1, 5
13.
(b) -5.2, 1.2 (c) -2 ; 210
14.
(b) None (c) None
15.
(b) -3, 4, 1.4 (c)
- 2 ; 222
2
; 210
2
16.
(b) -5, 1 (c) -5, 1
- 8 ; 214
2
17.
(b) -1.2, 3.2 (c) 1 ; 25
(b) 1.4, 4.6 (c) 6
(b) -5.9, -2.1 (c)
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618
18.
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Page 618

(b) -3.7, 1.2 (c)
- 5 ; 297
4
24.
(b) None (c) None
25. (a) 144 ft (b) 6 sec

19.
(b) -1.3, 4.8 (c) 7
; 2145
4
26. (a) 276 ft, 2.5 sec (b) 6.65 sec

27. x = 360 ft, y = 900 ft
28. x = 375 ft, y = 500 ft
29. x = 777.501 ft, y = 363.332 ft
30. (a) 250 (b) $350,000 (c) $1400
31. (a) 100 (b) 31,000
32. (b) 71 (c) $1185
33. (a) b2 -4ac 6 0 (b) b2 -4ac 6 0 and a 7 0 (c) b2 -4ac 6 0 and a 6 0
34. y = 2x2 - 3x + 10
20.
(b) None (c) None
35. y = -3x2 + 5x + 8
36. (a) x2 = 4py (b) x2 = -4py
37. (a) 1x - h22 = 4p1y - k2 (b) 1x - h22 = -4p1y - k2

38. x2 + y2 - 2xy - 8xh - 8yh = 0
Exercise set 1.5

1. C13, 22 r = 2
21.
2.
(b) -2.5, 1.2 (c) 5
; 2217
8
(b) None (c) None
(3, 0)
2. C14, 22 r = 3
23.
(b) None (c) None
(4, -1)
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3. C1-4, 32 r = 4
6. C1-3, -22 r = 3
(4,-1)
4. C13, -22 r = 5
7. C10, 02 r = 2
(3, -7)
5. C1-1, -42 r = 2
8. C10, 02 r = 5
619
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Page 620
9. C1-3, 52 r = 5
10. C11, -22 r = 2
11. C1-4, 32 r = 4
12. C13/2, 5/22 r = 2
13. C12/3, -4/32 r = 11/3
14. C13/2, -1/42 r = 2
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15. 12/3, -5/62 r = 3
621
32.
(c)
(a)
(b)
(d) They are translations of the same circle
16. Contradiction
33. (a) y = 5/12xz +
17. Contradiction
18. Contradiction
34. (a) y =
19. Circle
20. Point
169
12
3 -25
x
4
4
169
12
x 33 (b) 34. (b) 35 (b) the y-values on the tangent line
5
5
and on the circle near the point of tangency are almost the same
35. (a) y =
21. Point
22. Contradiction
23. point
36.
24. Point
36.
25. Circle
26. (a) b2 + c2 -4ad 7 0
(b) b2 + c2 -4ad = 0
(c) a = 0, bc Z 0,
(d) b2 + c2 -4ad 6 0
27. (a) 223
(b) 4
(c) 223
28. (a) -223
(b) -4
(c) -2 23
29. (a) 3 + 215
(b) 3 + 225
(c) 3 + 27
30. (a) 3 - 215
(b) 3 - 225
(c) 3 - 27
31. (a) 5 + 226
(b) 5 - 226
(c) 8
(d) 2
37.
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38.
42. (a)
3 221
5
(b) (c)
3 221
5
6 26
5
(d) -
6 26
5
43.
39.
44.
40.
Exercise Set 1.6

1. (a) Demand, x = 16, p = 4
41.
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2. (a) Supply, p = 8
6. (a) Supply, p = 10
3. (a) Demand, x = 12, p = 6
7. (a) Demand x = 22, p = 4
8.
2p +x 300 = 0
4. (a) Demand, x = 110/7, p = 21
Demand
Supply
8p x 200 = 0
(c) (200, 50),

(d) R1x2 = - 12 x2 + 150x
(e) 10,000
9.
p +14x -490 = 0
5. (a) Supply, p = 40
Demand
Supply
-5p + 2x + 70 = 0
(c) (105/4, 94)

(d) R1x2 = -14/5x2 + 98x
(e) 2,444
623
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Page 624

17. x + 500p = 20000
10.
18. p = -20/3x + 80, x = -3/20p + 12
Supply
7p + 2x + 7
19. p = -1.5x + 110, 73.33 million, which would exceed population of NYC
(and capacity of system)
=0
Demand
(c) (7, 3)
(d) R1x2 = x216 - x
(e) 21
11.
20. (13/4, 107/8)
21. (140/9, 760/9)
Supply
2. (2, 9)
23. (50, 350)
24. (17/3, 35/3)
Demand
25. (3, 48)

26. 2x + 4p = 21
27. $4800
28. (a) 2300
(c) (11, 5)
(b) 12,000
(d) R1x2 = x236 - x
(c) 196
(e) 55
(d) c1x2 = x - 3 + 2300/x

(e) 120
(f) 1.5, 2297.75
12.
x2 +8x +220 -11p = 0
29. (a) 5040

(b) 99.18
Supply
(c) c1x2 = 100 + 2000/x

(d) 100.80
Demand
x2 + 6x 384 + 12p = 0
(e) 4.5, 894

30. (a) R = -20x2 + 1000x
(b) 0 x 50
(c) $220
(d) 25, $12,500
(c) (5.491, 26,742),

(d) R1x2 -1/121x3 + 6x2 - 84x2,
(e) 146.84
31. (a) R1x2 = x22000 - 5x

(b) 0 x 400
(c) 35.73
(d) 267, 11940
13. (a) $40

(b) $65
(c) Perhaps everyone has a radio.
32. 345, $345

33. (a) R1x2 = 201x
(b) P1x2 = 20 1x - 5x - 10
14. (a) 60 cords
(c) 4
(b) $25
(d) 10
15. 2x - 5p + 15 = 0
16. 7x - 600p + 2400 = 0
34. n =
400 - x
3
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Exercise Set 1.7
5. -3, 0, 3
1. -3, 4
6. -2, 0, 2
2. 4, -3
7. -3/2, 0, 3/2, 3
3. No zeros
8. 0, 2
4. -2, 2
625
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
626
9. -3
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25. Both
26. y-axis
27. Both
28. Origin
29. Origin
30. (a) violates vertical line test
(b) Exercises 25 and 27
31. x = 5
32. x = 3
33. x = -3
34. x = ; 22
35. x = 5/2
10. -3, 3
36. x = 2
37. x = -2
38. None.
39. y = 2
40. y = 0
41. y = 0
42. y = 3/2
43. None
44. y = 2
45. y = 0
46. y = 0
11. 0, 1
47.
12. Even
13. Even
14. Neither
15. Odd
16. Neither
17. Neither
18. Odd
19. Odd
20. Even
21. Odd
22. Even
23. Odd
24. Origin
48.
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49.
53.
54.
50.
(b) twice, x L -4.1106 and 6.2186
51.
55.
52.
56.
627
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Page 628
57. (a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
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Page 629

58. (a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
629
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Page 630
59. (a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
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Page 631

60. (a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
631
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Page 632
61. (a) x Z -1, 3/2
Exercise Set 1.8
(b)
1. (a)
(b)
(c) y -8/25 or y 7 0
(d) 11/4, -8/252
62. Observe
2x - 4
10
= 2 x + 3
x + 3
(c) 4267.7
64. f1x2 = 0
65. Yes, also symmetry with respect to the x-axis.
2. (a)
67. See Section 3.4, Theorem 2.

68. No
69.
x = 5/2
y = 2x 11
(b)
70.
(c)
y = 1108x + 10442
y = 4x2
x = 3
y = 688x + 6092
x=3
(d) Widening
(f) $9,810
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3. (a)
(b) 1.608
(c) It is widening
633
7. (a)
(b) The money spent on each form of advertising grows changes the same
way.
4. (a)
(b) R = 0.985237
(c) It is unclear, the different forms of advertising could be reaching different

consumers.
(c) It was unattractive in the 1980s.

8. (a)
5. (a)
(b) 1077.3
(c) 1997
(b)
9. For 1977 to 1982,
(c) 0.976633
(d) 7.2
6. From the data, there is certainly some correlation between number of wins
and bating average.
For 1983 to 1986
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10. (a) It changes after 1980 1x = 212
(c)
(b) f1x2 = e
36x + 428 if x 21
1100
if x 23
(c) Riding became safer (perhaps because of helmet usage, or some other reason.
11. (a)
(d)
(b) f1x2 = e
0.207x + 3.44
x 10
-0.067857x + 5.996 x 11
(c) The divorce rate in the 1980s decreased.
12. (a) f1x2 = e
4.28x + 137.6
x 4
-5.75x + 179.75 x 5
(b) Something in the country resulted in the decrease, perhaps better health
15.
care. (There is a lot of information on the web regarding this topic.)
13.
16.
14. (a)
Chapter Review
1.
(b)
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Chapter 1 Review Answers to Exercises and Pre/Post Tests

2.
14. All x except 2/3 and 3/2
y=4
x = 2
x=4
15. [-5/2, 32 or (3, 4) or [4, q 2

5 - 2x
3
16. (a)
, x Z
4 - 3x
4
5 - 8x
3
(b)
, x Z
3 - 2x
2
17. 24
18. 105
19. (a) The first is a supply and the second a demand function
y = 1
2
16
3. y = x +
3
3
4. y = - 12 x - 3
5. (a) (7/2, 0), 10, -7/32
(b) [2, 8]
(c) A 5, 23 B
20. (a) $790
(b) $330
21. x Z 3
(b)
6. y = 5/4x 12
7. 2x - 3y = 6
8. (a) 3x - 4y = 17
(b) 4x + 3y = 6
9. No, same x corresponds to different y
10. (a) -5/3
(b) 7
(c) 3
2
11. (a)
(b)
3x + 10x + 8
3 - 2x
x + 2
-6x2 + x + 12
(c) 3/2, -4/3
2. NA = not available
x
f(x)
-2
-1
-2
-3
NA
NA
-2
-3
(b) f1x + 22
-2
-3
NA
NA
(c) f1x2 + 2
-1
11
(d) f1x2 - 4
-1
-6
-7
-3
(e) f1x - 22 + 3
NA
NA
(f) f1x + 22 + 4
11
13
NA
NA
23. (a) V1-1, 102
(b) 5 + 2h
(c) 4x + 2h - 3
(d) same as before.
13. (a) x 3/4
(b)
(b) -3.2, 1.2, -1 ; 25

(c) y 0
(a) f1x - 22
(d) -2, 3/2

12. (a) 9 + 2h
(c) -2.4, 0.34, -1 ; 22
635
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24. 50, 100
33. (a)
25. (a) 194

(b) 2x - 200 + 600/x, 1.94
26. x2 + y2 -4x + 6y - 3 = 0.
T
Note: y-values are positive on 1 -3, -2.52
(b) Turning points are indicated in sketch by T. (There is also one in the interval 1-3, -2.52
34.
x = -1
x=1
27. C12, -32 r = 5
y=2
Zeros: x = 4, 3/2
35. (a) odd

(b) even
(c) even
28. C12, 32 r = 0, it is a point.
(d) odd
29. (a) y = 5/12 x + 169/12
(e) even
(b) on Tan. 11.995833 on Circle 11.995844

30.
y2
x2
+
= 1
16
25
36. (a)
31.
(b)
32.
(c)
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Exercise Set 2.1
10. (a)
1. -1
2. 3/4
mPQ
4.99
4.999
4.9999
5.0001
5.001
5.01
.166713
.166710
.166710
.166710
.166662
.1666204
1.001
1.00001
0.9999
0.999
.299895
.30000
.300011
.3001051
3. -4/3
(b) 1/6
4. (a)
11. (a)
Q
mPQ
(1, 4)
(b) 0.3
(c) 2
12. 6
5. (a)
13. 0
14. 2
15. -5
16. 1/4
(2, 1)
17. 12
18. 2x - 7
19.
(c) -5
1
2 1x
20. -6x + 7
6.
21. (a) 0
(b) The TL is the line itself which has slope 0.
22. m
(3,2)
23. -3/x2
24. 2/x2
25.
1
+ 2/x2
2 1x
26. and
(c) 1/4
27. Connect the segments.

28. (a) 12, -72
7. (a)
(b) 13, -42

(c) 11, -42
29. (a) 1-2, 162, 12, -162
(2, 8)
(b) 1-3, 92, 13, -92
(c) 1-4, -162, (4, 16)

30. (a) (0, 0)
(b) does not exist
(c) 12
31. (a)
8. (a)
(c) 0
(1, 0)
y=0
9. (a)
Q
0.99
0.999
0.9999
1.0001
1.001
1.01
mPQ
1.99
1.999
1.9999
2.0001
2.001
2.01
(b) 4
(c) 1
(b) 2
(d) does not exist.
637
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Page 638
32. (a)
6. 14x6 +
12
21
-
x5
4x7/4
1
1
+ 7 + 128x3
32
3 x2
42
4 x3
8
32
8. 3/4 + 3 + 14v
v
v
7.
9. -32t + 256
10.
5
-5
- 2
12
u
11. 2x
(b) 2x
12. y = 88x - 129
(c) 1
(d) Does not exist
33. (a) (5/2, 0)
(b) -2
13. y =
145
575
x 3
3
14. y =
25
56
x 12
3
15. y = 72 x + 1
(c) 2
16. 1-3, 1092, 13, -1072
34. (a)
17. 1-2, -132, (0, 3), 12, -132

18. a
-b 4ac - b2
,
b
2a
4a
19. y = -
1
79
x +
11
11
20. (a) -6 6 x 6 0 or 0 6 x
(b) x 6 -6
21. (a) (64, 24),
(b) (0, 0)
(b) 2x + 7
(c) 9
22. Area = 2k
(d) 9
23. y = -6x + 13, y = 6x + 13
35. 1-4, -642 and (2, 8)
24. (a) y = 6x + 4, y = -6x + 16

(b) y = -16x + 81, y = 4x + 1
36.
25. (a) 2.828

h
mPQ
-.1
-.01
4.6416
21.544
mPQ -0.4642 -0.2154
-.001
-.0001
.0001
.001
.01
.1
(b) 0.162
-p22
100.00 464.16 464.16 100.00 21.544 4.6416

-0.1
-.0464
.0464
0.1
(c) x =
0.2154 0.4642
+ 3 22
(d) 0.177
1/3
in f1x2 = x , the slope is becoming infinite as h approaches zero for f1x2 =

x4/3 it approaches 0.
(e) 0.708
26. 57x56
38. (a) 0
27.
(b) m
(c) -3/x2
-2
28.
(d) 2/x2
Exercise Set 2.2
29.
1. 10
1
2 1x
31. 1/12
2
1/3
- 12x3 -
4. 15x4 - 3x1/2 +
5.
x3
30. 1, 114, 112
2. 2
3.
2
3x1/3
6x5 + 7x2 - 6
3x4
4
x
5
x6
16
4
x +
3
3
(b) 15.866667
32. (a) y =
(c) 15.866387
33. 3.9995
34. (a) 4
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(b) 4
29. Function is undefined and therefore discontinuous at x = 5
(c) thy are the same
30. (a)
35. (a) 7
(b) (2, 5)
36.
r + s
2
Exercise Set 2.3

1. 5
2. 9
3. -9/2
4. 0.3
(b) nonremovable discontinuity at x = 0.
5. 3
31. (a) yes
6. 7
(b) no
7. -15
32. (a)
8. 5
9. 18
10. (a) 0
(b) 1
(c) -4
11. (a) 0,
(b) 6
12. 1/8
(b) x = 1
13. 9/2
(c) removable
14. (a) 7x2 - 3

(b) 2h - 3
33. Removable discontinuity at x = 3.

34. (a) 1
15. -1
(b) -1
16. 9/13
(c) -1
17. 1/6
(d) 1
18. - 12
35. (a) 0
19. 2
(b) 0
23
20.
6
36. (a) 25
(b) 25
21. 0
(c) 49
22. 16/25
(d) 49
23. 2x
(e) 59
1
24.
221 + x
25. (a) 1
(f) 60
(g) removable discontinuity at x = 5, non-removable one at x = 9.
(h)
(b) 0
(c) 1
26. (a) 1
(b) -1
(c) -1
(d) 1
27. (a) Any graph without holes or jumps will do.
(b) f1x2 = x is one such example.
1
28. There are many possibilities, for example, f1x2 =
or
2
2
1x
121x
- 52
1x - 121x - 252
f1x2 =
1x - 121x - 52
37. Continuous function

38. Non removable discontinuity at x = 2 and 3
639
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39. Removable discontinuity at x = 1 and 2, non-removable at x = 3
66. No
40. Continuous
68. Everywhere discontinuous
41. Non-removable discontinuity at x = -2
70. (b) x = 27
42. Non-rem. disc. At x = 0
71. f102 6 0, f122 7 0
43. Non-rem. disc. At x = 5
72. (a) Follows from Ex. 68
44. Continuous
(b) it is possible, but not guaranteed by the theorem.
45. Continuous
73. (a) yes
46. Continuous
(b) yes
(b) possible but not guaranteed
74. Yes, it follows from Ex. 68
76. (a) 8
(b) -1
(c) max at x = 3, min at x = 0
77. C is continuous on 2
75 so Ex 75 is applicable
81. (a) 0.01,

(b) 0.001
(c) x - 3 6 P
47. (a)
(b) x = 1
(c) f112 = 1
(d) no.
48. f122 = 4, differentiable
82. (c) x - 2 6 min A 24 - P, 24 + PB or x - 2 6 min11, P/32 among

other choices
Exercise Set 2.4
49. non removable
1. 3/2
50. f122 = 4 not diff.
2. 5/6
51. f132 = 27, not diff.
3. 0
52. f122 = -1, differentiable
4. q
5. (a) q
53. (a) and

(b) (i) disc at x = 3 (ii) diff. everywhere except x = 3 (iii) f132 = 6 (iv) yes
(c) everywhere cont. and diff.
54. (i) non-remov disc. At x = 2 and 4 (ii) diff. except at x = and 4
55. Cont and diff for all x except x = 0.
(b) q
(c) q
(d) - q
6. (a) - q
(b) q
56. (a) and

(b) (i rem. disc at x = 3 (ii) not diff at x = 3 (iii) L132 = 2 (iv) not diff. at
x = 3
7. 5/2
(c) and (d) cont. everywhere not diff. At x = 3
9. (a) 0
57. Non rem. Disc at x = 5, diff everywhere except at x = 5.

58. (a) (i) continuous everywhere (ii) not diff. at x = 1
(b) (i) non-remov. discont at x = 2 not diff. there either.
8. - q
(b) 0
10. 8
11. 0
59. Non remov. disc at x = 0 continuous and diff. elsewhere.
12. 8/9
60. Continuous and diff. if -1 6 s 6 1
13. (a) q
61. (i) Rem disc at x = 0 (ii) Not diff at x = 0 (iii) d102 = 2 (iv) not diff.
62. (i) Cont. for x 7 1 (ii) not diff. at x = 3 and 4
14. (a) q
(b) q
63. (a) 6xy2
15. (a) q
(b) 6x y
(b) q
64. (a) 6x + 5
16. - q
(b) 4y - 11
1
65. (a) f1x2 =
1x - 121x - 22
(b) f1x2 =
(b) - q
1x2 - 121x2 - 42
1x - 121x - 22
17. (a) 0
(b) q
18. (a) 1/1000
(b) q
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19. 1/4
(d)
20. (a) x = 0
(b) x = 1
(c) y = 2
(d)
24. (a) x = -2
(b) x = 4
(c) y = -2
(d)
21. (a) x = 2
(b) x = -1
(c) y = -1
(d)
25. (a) x = 0
(b) x = 3/2
(c) y = 12
(d)
22. (a) x = 3/2

(b) x = 1
(c) y = 2
(d)
26. (a) x = 0
(b) x = ;1
(c) y = 0
(d)
23. (a) x = - 12

(b) x = 3
(c) y = 2
641
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27. (a) x = 0
(b) none
(c) y = 0
(d)
31. (a) 2
(b) -2
32. (a) 1
(b) -1
33. (a) x = -3/2, 2/3
(b) x = 0, 3/5
(c) y = 12/5
(d)
28. (a) x = 0
(b) none
(c) y = 4
(d)
34. (a) x = 0
(b) none
(c) y = ;2
(d)
29. (a) x = 0
(b) x = ;2
(c) y = 4
(d)
35. (a) x = 0
(b) x ; 1
(c) y = ;2
(d)
30. (a) x = 0
(b) x = -1
(c) y = 3
(d)
36. (a) x = -2, 1, 3

(b) x = -1, 3/2
(c) y = 1/8
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(d)
44.
38. (a) x = 0.83585

(b) x = 1,
1 ; 217
8
45. Let f1x211 + 0.07/x25x, evaluate for large values of x.
(c) y = 2
46. x L -0.7590, 0.6738
(d)
47. x L -17.33, -1.577, 0.9851, 2.424
Exercise Set 2.5

1. 21x217x4 - 92
2. 2x3150x6 + 135x2 + 82
3. 2x13x4 + 4x2 - 72
4. x5120x4 - 21x + 242

5. -13/13x - 222
6. 2x/1x2 + 122
215
5
(b) x = -1.23297
39. (a) x = ;
(c) y = 0
7. -18/1x + 322
4x12x3 - 21x - 52
8.
12x2 + 722
9. -6/x3
10.
(d)
4x5 - 2x2 - 3
4x2
5
11.
2x - 3x2 + 16
3x5
12. y = -3x + 1
13. 3/17
14. y = 52/3x - 84/5
15. y = 6x - 2
16. (a) 1-1, -22, 11, 22
(b) A -1, - 12 B , A 1, 12 B
41. y = 2x + 3
42. y = 3x - 2
43.
17. (a) A 1, 12 B

(b) (1, 2)
18. 1-1, 02, (3/2, 625/16), (4, 0)

19. (a)
1 - x2
1x2 + 122
(b) y = x, y = 12, y = 0.12x + 0.64, y = 0.08x + 0.54

23. (a) y = -x - 2
(b) x = -2
(c) x1x - 221x + 22
25. (a) f1x2 = 21x + 321x - 121x - 52
28. (a) 12
(b) 4
643
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-f1x2
, f and g have derivative zero at the same x-values, and the

1f1x222
y-values are reciprocals.
29. g1x2 =
23. 313t2 + 121t3 - 6t + 126125t4 - 59t2 + 4t - 142

24.
25.
Exercise Set 2.6
5t2 - 3
31t2 - 122/3
82
3 4t1t + 32
31t + 421/3
26. y = 108x - 189

27. y = 12 x
1. (a) x + 5
(b) 1x + 52
28. y = -296x + 8
3 - 2x
x
1
(b)
3x - 2
29. y =
2. (a)
-13
x + 16
6
30. (a) 7y6

dy
(b) 7y 6
3. (a) x + 2 1x + 1
(b) x + 1
3 - 2x
4. (a)
4x - 3
-1x + 42
(b)
6
dx
(c) 71x5 + 12y6
dy
dx
+ 5x4y7
31. (a) 3y2 + 6y

(b) 13y 2 + 6y2
dy
dx
5. (a) 1/x
(c) 30y1y + 221y3 + 3y2 + 429
(b) 1/x
6. (a) 12x3 - 3x + 723
32. 2x1x4 - 12
7. (a) x
33. 3x2 a
(b) 2x9 - 3x3 + 7

(b) x
9
8. f1x2 = x , g1x2 = 3x - 7
9. f1x2 = x3/5, g1x2 = 5x3 - 7x + 3
10. f1x2 = x3, g1x2 =
2x + 3
2x - 4
11. f1x2 = x + 5x + 5, g1x2 = 2x - 1

4
12. f1x2 =
, g1x2 = x
2x2 + 4
13. 1712x + 321x2 + 3x + 1216
3110x - 72
14.
415x2 - 7x + 221/4
-13t + 12
15.
13t2 + 2t23/2
312x2 + 12
16.
222x3 + 3x + 2
-100u
17.
15u2 + 923/2
18. 2x51x2 - 927111x2 - 272
12x11x2 - 122
19.
1x2 + 124
35.
22.
32r2 - 115r2 - 221/3
2x
x2 + 1
36. 2xS21x22
37. 13x3 + 923

38.
12 4
1x + 5213
13
39.
1 6
1x + 5211
11
40. (a) 10, -42; 10, 4102, 1;2, 02
(b) 13/2, -1/42; 13/2, -1/4152, (1, 0), (2, 0)
(c) [f1x2]N has horizontal tangents at the zeros of f and at the horizontal tangents of f.
41. (a) f1x2 = x1/2, g1x2 = 5x3 - x10, h1x2 = x2 - 4
(b) 5x551x2 - 423 + 1x2 - 42102-1/2131x2 - 422 + 21x2 - 4292

(c) f1g1h1x22g1h1x22h1x2
42. 6x2S212x32
43.
412x + x4211 + 2x32

3x2
3 +
2 +
-1
1x - 123/2 2x + 1
r135r2 - 262
x6 + 1
34. 2xE1x22
20. 41x2 - 321x2 + 2x + 82715x3 + 6x2 - 4x - 122

21.
x6 - 1
dy
dx
44.
1
1x
2 23x + 2 1x
2 32x + 23x + 2 1x
16689645 26
45.
32
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Exercise Set 2.7
6.
1. (a)
(a) P1x2 = -
1 2
x + 40x - 1000
10
(b) 2000
(i) 1060.10
(c) P = -1/5x + 40
(ii) 1070
(d) 50
(b)
(e)
(i) 9.90
(ii) 9.90
(c) 0.002
(d) 10.70
2. 654, 656 (or 652)
3. (a)
(i) 240
(ii) 241.90
(b) 1.90
(c) 1.80 (or 2.00)
(f) 200, max. Profit
(d) 0.10 (or 0.20)

-5
4. (a) p =
x + 7
4
-5
-5 2
(b) R1x2 =
x + 7x, R1x2 =
x + 7
4
2
(c)
R(x) = -5/4x2 +7x
7. (a) 80
(b) 16
(c) 64
8. (a) 112
(b) 16
(c) -48
9. (a) s = -16t2 + 176t
(b) 112 ft/sec
(c) -32th - 16h2 + 176h
(d) -32t - 16h + 176
R' = -5/2x + 7
(e) -32t + 176

(f) (I) 144 ft/sec
(ii) 80 ft/sec
At x = 14/5, R is maximized
(d) $3.50, 2.8 million
1
5. (a) P1x2 = - x2 + 30x - 500
20
(b) 2000
(c) P = -1/10x + 30
(d) 35
5(e)
(g) 5.5 sec, time to reach maximum height

(h) 484 ft
10. (a) 576 ft
(b) 12 sec
(c) -208 ft/sec
11. (a) in 200 sec.
(b) 640,000ft
12. -128.996 ft/sec
13. 5.66 sec, -181.02 ft/sec
14. Each answer is 3, the rate is the slope.
15. m see 14.
16. 3
17. 20
18. 3
19. m
20. 5
5(f) 300, maximum profit
21. -5/48
22. -9
645
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23. (a) 6t - 12
(b) t 7 2
24. (a) 8t - 8
(b) t 7 1
2
25. (a) 3t - 6t - 9
(b) t 6 -1 or t 7 3
26. a
28. (d)
v20
64
13.
14.
30. 8026 L 195.96 ft/sec

31. (a) 9x23x2 + 9
-3x1x2 - 122 23x2 + 9
(b)
x2 + 1
32. (a) 3x21x3 - 12
(b) 6x21x3 - 12/m

-3x21x2 - 1221x3 - 12
(c)
x2 + 1
33. (a) 3x2

(b) x/4
x
34. (a) 23
2
x
(b) 23
6
35. -20
x1/41240y10/3 + 168y4/3 - 162
16. (a)
(b)
211 - v32
3sv2
3sv2
211 - v32
17. (a) -s2/t2 or s1

(b) -t2/s2 or
1 s -
1
t
t
1
362
79
x +
373
373
3
25
19. (a) (i) y = - x +
4
4
3
25
(ii) y = x 4
4
7
1
20. (a) y = - x +
3
3
7
1
(b) y = x 3
3
18. y =
21.
15 22
8
22. (a) y =
3
5
x +
4
4
(b) a 2, ;
36. 3/16
217
b
3
(c) When tan line is vertical, f1x2 = x3 - 12x - 1 = 0, but f13) 6 0 and
f142 7 0, therefore f1x2 = 0 at least once on (3, 4)
37. -9
38. -5/72
39. (a) -2 + 25
(b)
4xy + 3x2y 2 + 5y 4 + 2y
y 1/31216x5/4 + 36x1/4 - 272
15. -1/3
+ S0
29. 6422 L 90.5 ft/sec
2x - 6x2 - 2y2 - 2xy 3
225 - t
(c) it becomes infinitely large
Exercise Set 2.8
23. (a) y = - a
k 1/3
b 1x - h2 + k
h
(b) x1 = a2/3h1/3, y1 = a2/3k1/3 distance = a
Exercise Set 2.9
1. -3/8
1. a = b = 110, g = 70
2. 1
2. a = b = 60, g = 120
3. 0
3. a = u = 115, b = d = h = 65
4. 1/4
4. 15/2, 9, 12
5. -x2/y2
5. 3, 4, 5
4x
6.
9y
7. 54in
7. -y/x or -7/x2
8.
2x - y
x
x15 + 6y22
y11 - 6x22
y 1/3
10. - 1/3
x
6x2y3 + 4y 2 - 6xy
11.
3x2 - 8xy - 6x3y2
2y211 + x3y22
12. 2
x 13 - 2x2y32
9.
8. (a) (2, 13/2)
(b) 1-9/2, 42
9. (a) 125/2, -17/22

(b) 1-3/2, -32
3
13
10. y = - x +
8
2
11. (a) 4.8 ft
(b) 12.8 ft
12. 2.4in, 3in, 4in
13. 80ft
14. (a) y =
4
5
1
1
29
30
,y = - x +
x + ,y = - x +
5
5
2
2
7
7
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27. (a)
17. (16/5, 36/5)

ny1 + my2
nx1 + mx2
, ym =
m + n
m + n
7
13
1
2
21. (a) y = - x + , x = 5, y = - x +
3
3
6
2
(b) (5, 17/3)
18. xm =
647
dy
(b) 241, 229, 5 22

(c) (13/3, 11/3)
dy
=
dx
(b) -
dt
dx
dt
2x
3y2
11
8
8. y = - x +
5
5
Exercise Set 2.11

Exercise Set 2.10
1. (a) f112 6 0, f13) 7 0 so a root is in (1, 3)
1. 27
(b) y = 10x - 23, 2.3
2. 6
(c) y = 13.87x - 31.334, 2.2511896
3. -4
(d) y = 13.203564x - 29.8174032, 2.443357
4. 256/767
(e) 2.258259
5. ;5/2
2. 1.626577
6. 1/6
3. 1.903654
7. dx/dt = -3, dy/dt = 3
4. -1.4526269, 1.164035
dy
dx
+ y
x
dz
dt
dt
8. (a)
=
dt
z
(b) 50mph
5. -2.532089, -1.347296, 0.879385
9. (a) 8p L 25.133 sq. in/hr

(b) in either case at 2p L 6.28 in/hr
6. (a) -1.8143, -0.1461, 0.3399, 2.2207

(b) f1x2 L 51x + 1.814321x + 0.146121x - 0.339921x - 2.22072
8. f122 = 0, method will not work. If x0 7 2, iterates converge to larger root,
If x0 6 2 they converge to smaller root.
9. They are the same.
10. -2 in/sec
10. f132 = 0; -0.174802
11. (a) 1/12 in/min
11. f122 = 0; 3.259921
22
(b)
L 0.1179 in/min
12
12. decr.
10
L 0.1989 ft/sec
16p
13. 24/13 ft/sec

14. 5/6 ft/min
15. 48p L 150.796 sq ft/sec
16. (a) decreasing at 1/6 lb per week
(b) $0 per week
17. (a) 12, 49/6, 121/12 million
13. r = 7.56%
Chapter Review
1. (a) -2x - 2
(b) y = -4x + 7
(c) 1-1, 72
-4
1x + 122
1
7
(b) y = - x +
4
4
2. (a)
(b) 92/25, 828/3721, 3312/21025 million per year

18. (a)
(b) y =
(i) 820, 620, 320
(ii) 410, 15190/3, 9680/3
(b) 4690, -11019, -8155/18

19. 80,000 psi/sec
20. (a) 3p/5000 cubic km/day
(b) It will increase by 10 km
21. -35 units/sec
22. 4/p L 1.2732 ft/sec
23. 32/3 ft/sec
24. 8/3 ft/sec, shorter
25. Longer side is increasing at 14/3 cm/sec, shorter decreasing at 5/3 cm.sec
26. Both increase, shorter side at 4 m/sec, larger at 2 m/sec.
1
10
+ 3
2 1x
x
25
35
x 2
2
8
3x2/3
68
95
- x +
3
3
3. (a) 8x3 - 6x +
4. (a) -
20
x5
(b) y =
5. (a) 2
(b) 25/6
6. (a) 12
(b) -4/3
x17x3 + 42
7. (a)
2 2x3 + 1
(b) y = 20x - 28
x1x3 + 402
8. (a)
21x3 + 1023/2
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Chapter 2 ReviewSection 3.1 Answers to Exercises and Pre/Post Tests
(b) y = 9. (a)
6/20/07
13
7
x 18
18
9x2
21. (a)
212x3 + 523/2 2x3 + 1
(b) 213x + 4251x2 - 124124x2 + 20x - 92

10. $24
3
11. (a) - x2 + 12x
5
(b) $3.60
12. (a) 6t - 12t2
(b) t = 0, 12; s = 614
(c) 0 6 t 6 12
(b) everywhere continuous

(c) not differentiable at x = 1
13. (a) 1320 ft

(b) 1332.25 ft
2. y =
(c) -292 ft/sec
7
25
x +
24
8
14. 16 ft
23. 1.25307
15. (100/13, 172/13)
Exercise Set 3.1
16. 3 ft/min
17. 5 ft/sec
18. y =
1.
9
5
x 4
2
19. (a)
2.
(b) -3, 3
(c) -3, 3
3.
(d) f1-32 = -1/6

20. (a)
4.
(b) 1
(c) 1
(d) f112 = 1
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5.
25. (8, 4)
26. (0, 0)
27. (0, 4)
28. (a) M = 18, m = 6
(b) None
29. (a) M = 3, m = 2
(b) M = 6, m = 3
(c) M = 6, no min
30. (a) M = 14, m = -13
(b) M = 39, m = -121
6.
31. (a) M = 34, m = 2

(b) none
(c) No Max, m = 2
32. (a) M = 12, m = 0
(b) M = 12, m = - 12
(c) M = 12, no min
(d) M = 12, m = - 12
33. (a) M = 18, m = 9
7. (a) D
(b) M = 18, m = 2
4 26
9 ,
(b) C, G
34. M =
(c) B, D, F
35. (a) No
(d) C, E
m = 0
(b) No
8. (a)
36. (a) No
(b) No
(c) Min at (1. 1), Yes 1
(b) they are the same
37. (a) no Max, m = 1/4

39. M = 0, m = - 12
9.
40. (a) M =
324
3 ,
m = 0
(b) none
Exercise Set 3.2

10.
M = relative Maximum, m = relative minimum, N = neither
1. Always decreasing
2. (a) always increasing
11. (1, 2)
12. (0, 0)
13. A
b 4ac - b2
- 2a
, 4a
(b) always decreasing
14. 1-2, 732, 15, -2702

15. (3/2, 45/4), (2/3, 335/27)
3. Dec on x 6 1/3; inc on x 7 1/3

4. Dec on t 6 0; inc on t 7 0
5. Dec on x 6 0; inc on x 7 0
16. 1-1, -82, 10, -72, 11/4, -899/1282
6. Dec on t 6 -2; inc on t 7 -2
18. (0, 2)
8. Dec on 1 6 x 6 3/2; inc on x 6 1 or x 7 3/2
17. A -223, 0 B , A 0, 2 23 B , A 2 23, 0 B

19. 1-1, 32, 10, 52, 11, 32
20. 1-9/7, 137.5112, 1-3, 02, 11, 02

21. None
22. 1-3/2, -1/42, 13/2, 1/42

23. A 2, -4/9 B
1
24. 1-3, 02 A 0, 3 2
3 3 B , 13, 02
7. Dec on 1 6 x 6 3; inc on x 6 1 or x 7 3
9. Dec on x 6 0, inc on x 7 0
10. Dec on x 6 2; inc on x 7 2
11. Dec on 1-1/27 6 x 6 02 or ((0, 1/27); inc on x 7 1/27

12. Inc. everywhere except when x = -1
13. Dec on its domain 1- q , 42
14. inc on 1 -1, q 2
15. m(1, 2)
649
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650
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 650
16. N(0, 0)
b 4ac 17. A - 2a
, 4a
b2
B is a m if a 7 0 is a M if a 6 0
29.
18. m15, -2702, M1-2, 732
19. m(3/2, 45/4), M(2/3, 335/27)
20. M10, -72, m111/4, -899/1282, m21-1, -82

21. m A 0, 223 B
22. m(0, 2)
23. M(0, 5), m1;1, 32

24. M1-9/7, 137.5112, m11, 02, N1-3, 02
25.
30.
31.
26.
32.
27.
33.
28.
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
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10:25 AM
Page 651
651
15. v = 15t2 - 8, a = 30t
34.
16. (a) v = 8t - 4t3, a = 8 - 12t2

(b) 0, 22;
2/3
(c)
(0, 9 )
26
3
26
3
(d) 0
17. (a) v = 15t2 - 15t4, a = 30t - 60t3
(b) 0, 1; 0,
(-3,0)
(c)
(3, 0)
(d)
22
2
26
6
22
2
18. (a)
35.
(1, f(1))
(0, f(0))
(b) yes
19. (a)
(2, f(2))
(-1, f(-1))
(5,f(5))
(b) yes, it can have both.

36. (50, 50)
(c)
37. 6 * 12
I4
I5
38. 70 cents
I1
Exercise Set 3.3

1. 4x3, 12x2, 24x, 24, 0 for n 5
I3
I2
m
2. (a) 20x3 + 6
20.
(b) 24x2 + 6
I3
3. (a) -24/x5
-1
3/2
411 - t2
(b)
I1
I2
I4
(c) 6
213x2 + 521x4 + 10x2 + 12
4. (a)
1x - 12
8
2
(b) 201x + 12 119x + 12

2
5.
21. See 19(a)
- 24
3
13x + 12
6. (a) 0
22. Always CU
(b) 0
23. Always CD
(c) 18
24. (a) CU
(d) 0
25. CD if x 6 12; CU if x 7 12 I A 12, 1 B
(b) CD
(e) 0
7. 4a4x3 + 3a3x2 + 2a2x + a1; 12a4x2 + 6a3x + 2a2; 24a4x + 6a3; 24a4; 0;
they are all 0
4
8. 5a5x + 4a4x + 3a3x + 2a2x + a1; 20a5x + 12a4x + 6a3x + 2a2;

60a5x2 + 24a4x + 6a3; 120a5x + 24a4; 120a5; the rest are all 0
9. 3/x3/2
3/2
10. 3/x
11. -1/y3
12.
13.
-9
3
2y
-9
3
2y
14. v = 9t2 - 4, a = 18t
26. CU if x 6 5/6, CD if x 7 5/6
27. CD if -1 6 x 6 1; CU if x 7 1, I1 -1, -162 and (1, 2)

28. CU if -2 6 x 6 0 or x 7 1; CD if x 6 -2 or
0 6 x 6 1 I1-2, 1542, 10, 302 and (1, 28)
29. CU if x 6 -1, CD if x 7 -1
30. CD everywhere
31. CU if x 6 16, otherwise CD I A 16, 8 23

3 B
32. CD if x 6
- 3 23
2 ,
- 3 23
2
- 23
8
or 0 6 x 6
B , 10, 02 and A
3 23
2 ;
3 23 23
2 , 8
33. CD if -1 6 x 6 1, otherwise CU
CU if
- 3 23
2
6 x 6 0 or x 7
3 23
2 ,
Inf
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
652
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Page 652
34. CD on x 6 3
49.
35. CD on -3 6 x 6 3
36. Always CU
37. CD if x 6 0 or x 7 243 CU if 0 6 x 6 243 I10, 02 and (243, 27)
38. Always CU
39. CU if x Z 0
40. m(1, 2)
41. m(3/2, 45/4), M(2/3, 335/27)
42. m1-3, 1012, M1-2, 1082, m11, -272
43. m1-3, 02, M1-1, 162, m11, 02
44. m1-3/2, -1/42, M13/2, 1/42
50.
MA6
- 2 23 16 23
, 9
3
B, mA6
+ 2 23 - 16 23
, 9
3
45.
51.
52.
m at A ;2 23, -144 B
46.
53.
m at A ;2 23, -119 B
47.
54.
Additional x-intercepts at ;223
48.
22 567 22
22
I1 A - 3 10
, 5000 B , I3 A 3 10
,
- 567 22
5000
B other zeros x =
; 215
5
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
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Page 653

55.
653
59.
m A - 83 ,
- 16 23
9
60.
56.
I2(4/5, 2048/3125)
57.
61.
other zeros: x = ;2 22
62.
58.
Note: Vertical tangent line at (0, 0), zero at x = 32 Inflection at (243, 27)
I1 A - 3223 ,
- 23
8
23
B , I3 A 3 23
2 , 8 B
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Page 654
63.
69.
M(2, f(2))
(0, f(0))
m(-2, f(-2))
70.
M(-1, f(-1))
M(1, f(1))
64.
(-.5,f(-.5))
(.5,f(.5))
m(0, f(0))
65.
71. (a) neither
(b) m(2, 0)
(c) M(2, 0)
(d) neither at (1, 0), M1-3, 02, m1-5/7, -137.5112
73. (a) f1x2
(b) 2f1x2
76. (a) b2 - 3ac 7 0
66.
(7, f(7))
75. 3
80. a0 = 1, a1 = 5, a2 = 10, a3 = 10, a4 = 5, a5 = 1
(-1, f(-1))
Exercise Set 3.4

1. 36 * 36
3. (50, 50)
(5, f(5))
5. 15 * 15
7. (a) 100 * 200
67.
(b) 100 * 100
(2,7)
(0,5)
(-4,3)
(-1,1)
8. (a) 20 * 40
(5,2)
(b) 20 22 * 2022
9. 2400 ft.
m(-2,-2)
10. x = 60, y = 40
11. x = 20, y = 24
68.
12. radius = height of rectangle, x =
M(1, f(1))
13. 6 * 6 * 3
14. 5 * 5 * 2
(2, f(2))
15. (a) h = 2r; r =
3
2
3p
(c) doesnt look sleek.

16. d =
3
1/3 ,
p
h =
24
1/3
p
17. 2 cm
m(3, f(3))
18. (0, 0), (6, 0), (0, 10)
30
p + 4,
y =
60
p + 4
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
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Page 655

19. 15 * 10
16. $49.50 per thous.
20. 48 * 24 * 24
17. $4,000 per coat.
21. (a) and
Exercise Set 3.6
655
(b) 3 miles
1. (a) y = -2x + 5
(c) 1 mile from A
(b) y = 10x - 7
22. (61/25, 2/25)
23. (a) (4, 0), 1-4, 02

(b) A 12 ,
210
(c) A
4
210
8
12
,
213 213
24. (1, 1)
25. (a) A 6 ,
213
9
213
- 12 - 4
,
B , A 210
B
210
- 8 - 12
,
B , A 213
B
213
-6
, -9 B
B , A 213
213
26. (a) 222 * 22

(b) 222 *
27.
48
p + 4 in.
3 22
2
2. (a) y = 12x - 3
(b) y = -15
3. y = 13 x + 1
4. (a) y = 1 + 12 x
22
4 x
(b) y =
(c)
3 22
4
yes, f is not differentiable at -1
5. (a) 6.05
for square, p12p

+ 4 in for circle
(b) 2.93
(c) 6.05 is better because the 1 is closer to 1.01 than is 0
29. 125 ft.
6. (a) y = 54 x + 2
Exercise Set 3.5
(b) y = 56 x +
13
6
(c) 3.08 using (b)
1. (a) 25
7. (a) 4.00125 large,
(b) 97/4
(b) 3.9975 large
2. 11
8. (a) 3.037 large
3. 212
4. (a) No max
(b) 2.963 large
(b) 33.60
9. (a) 256.256 small

(b) 1.015 small
(c) 1406.25
10. (a) 253.44 small
(d) 50
(e) not a demand equation
(b) 8.006 large

11. (a) 2.9963 large
(f) 25
(b) -3.00741 large
5. 60.4
6. (a) p = -1000x + 10,000
12. (a) dy = 10x dx
(b) C = 2000x + 2500, P = -1000x2 + 8000x - 2500
(b) 10x x + 51x22
(c) 4
(c) 5 x
(d) (i) 100, 105, 5
7. 80
8. 6 23 - 1
(ii) 0.1, 0.1005, 0.05

13. (a) 9x2 dx
9. (a) 2 x 4
(b) 8/3, $32/9, $256/27
(c) 9x x + 31x22
10. 75
(d) (i) 900, 993, 93
11. 350 trees

12. (a)
(b) 9x2 x + 9x1x22 + 31x23
- 200 + x
4
(b) -
or
1100 - x22
(c) -2
2x
+ 1x
5
4p
200 + 4p
or
- 21100p - p2
or p-+2p1
13. (a) -1
(b) -23/2
(c) 0
(d) -1
(e) - 12
(f) -8/5
14. 17.8 thousands
15. Decreases by 4750
(ii) 0.09, 0.090903, 0.0903

(iii) -0.09, -0.089103, -0.0897
14. (a) 6x21x3 + 52 dx
(b) 6x21x3 + 52 x + 130x + 15x421x22 + 20x31x23 + 6x1x25

+ 101x23 + 1x26 + 15x21x24
(c) 130x + 15x421x2 + 20x31x22 + 6x1x24 + 101x22
+ 1x25 + 15x21x23
15. (a) dy = 14x + 22 dx
(b) 14x + 22 x + 21x22

(c) 2 x
(d) (i) 14, 16, 2
(ii) 0.14, 0.1402, 0.02
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
656
6/20/07
1.2
0.4 dx
12x + 102
0.6
(b) 12x + 2 x + 12
(b)
(- f())
(2, f (2))
- 12x + 120.6
12x + 2 x + 120.6 - 12x + 120.6

x
2 3
0.7
17. (a) dy = 5.1x 1x + 12
- 1.212x + 12-0.4
m(, f ())
dx
(b) 11x + x23 + 521.7 - 1x3 + 521.7

(c)
Page 656
Section 3.6Chapter 3 Review Answers to Exercises and Pre/Post Tests
16. (a) dy =
(c)
10:25 AM
11x + x23 + 521.7 - 1x3 + 521.7

x
3
- 5.1x21x3 + 520.7
2. (a)
M(-1.3.5)
18. (a) 10.24p L 32.1699 cm
(-2,f(-2))
(b) small
(2.f(2))
19. At most 0.24 in

20. 0.0001 in
m(0,1)
21. (a) 5.75

(b) 0.1997%
(b)
M(1.2)
M(3, 4)
22. 60%/r
23. (a) 2x13x5 + 4x2 - 72 dx
(-4, f (-4))
(b) x5120x4 - 21x + 242 dx

24. (a)
(b)
25. (a)
- 21x2 + 3x + 22
1x - 22
2x
2
2 dx
1x + 12
-7
2 dx
12x - 32
2
(4, f (4))
dx
m((0, -5)
3. (a) 13, -62
(b) (0, 0), 1 -4, 322
(b)
26. (a)
312x + 12
3
2 32x + 3x + 2
- 100u
2
3/2 du
15u + 92
4 2
7
dx
(c) 12, -162, 1 -2, 162
4. (a) 11, -102, 13, -142
(b) 3x 1x - 92 17x2 - 152 dx
(b) (0, 0), A ; 22, -4 B , 10, 02
27. 11x + x22 + 423 - 1x2 + 423

(b)
5. (1/27, 2/9), 1-1/27, -2/92
x + P x
(c) D =
(b) (1, 0), (2/5, 108/3125), (0, 0)
6. (a) (0, 0), 1-2, -42
dy
dx
28. (a) 2s s + 1s22
(b) (0, 0), (1, 1/3)
7. (a) 1-2, -3/42, 12, 3/42
(b) 2s s
(c) and
(b) (0, 0)
(d)
8. (a) M = 16, m = -5.125

(b) M = 0, m = -648
s s
s2
s s
( s) 2
29. (a) 3s2 s + 3s1s22 + 1s23

2
(b) 3s s
17
12 x
1
12 1x
(b) M = 0, m = -4
(c) M = 2, m = -22
(d) M = 8, m = -4
10. See Exercise 16
11. See Exercise 17
31. (b) T = 2 +
32. (b) T1x2 =
(c) m = 0, M = 155
9. (a) M = -10, m = -30
- 92 +
12. See Exercise 28
1
40
13. See Exercise 27
(c) 8.7
14. (a) none
(b) 14, -1282
Chapter Review
1. (a)
(c) (0, 0)
M(-2, f (-2))
(-3, f (-3))
(7, f (7))
15. (a) 12, -122

(b) A ; 26
3 ,
- 20
9
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16. (a)
(c)
Zeros at x =
(b)
; 23
9
(d)
(c)
Inflection points at A 4
18. (a)
17. (a)
(b)
(b)
(c)
m1 A - 22, -4 B , m2 A 22, -4 B inflection points A ; 26

3 ,
- 20
9
- 26
,
10
0.0145 B and A 4
+ 26
,
10
0.01862 B
657
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
658
6/20/07
10:25 AM
(d)
28. (a)
19. (a) v = -32t + 64, a = -32

(b) 256
20. (a) v = 12t2 - 4t3 a = 24t - 12t2
(b) t = 0, 3; t = 0, 2
(c) 16
(b) I1 A 1 -
29. (a) 2 x + 1
(b) 1.0015
(b) x411 - x22315 - 13x22 dx

- 212x2 + 3x - 122
1x + 62
2
22. (a) (i) 10, 10 (ii) none

(b) (i) 40/3, 20/3 (ii) none
Exercise Set 4.1

1. Yes
23. 5ft. high, 3 1/3 ft. wide
2. Yes
24. (6, 6)
3. Yes
25. 12, 64
4. Yes
26. (a) 250
5. No
(b) 325/4
6. No
27. (a)
7. Yes
8. Yes
9. Yes
10. Yes
11. Increasing
12. Decreasing
13. Increasing
14. Decreasing
15. Neither
16. Neither
(b)
(b) 0.2496
- 768
5
12x + 12
- 3 23
8
B , I210, 02 I3 A 2 23, 3 23
8 B
17. Increasing
18. Decreasing
19. Increasing
20. Increasing
21. No
22. Yes
23. Yes
24. No
25. Yes
26. Yes
Inflection points A ; 2323 , 14 B
-0.42155 B , I2 A 1 +
30. (a) 114x - 15x22 dx
31. (a) 4.96
21. (a) 12x - 60x-6
I1 A -223,
3 25
5 ,
(c)
(d) 3
(b)
Page 658
27. No
28. Yes
dx
3 25
5 ,
0.30586 B
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29. (a) 1- q , q 2
33. (a) x 0
(c) 1- q , q 2
(c) y 0
(f) 1- q , q 2
(f) x 0
(g) 1- q , q 2
(g) y 0
(h) f-11x2 = 1x
(h) f-11x2 = 1x + 32/2
(b)
(e)
v.
(b)
30. (a) 1- q , q 2
(c) 1- q , q 2
34. (a) x 0
(f) 1- q , q 2
(c) y 1
(g) 1- q , q 2
(f) x 1
(h) f-11x2 = 17 - x2/3
(g) y 0
(h) f-11x2 =
(b)
22x - 2
2
(b)
(e)
(e)
31. (a) x 4
(c) y 0
35. (a) x 0
(f) x 0
(b) y 7
(g) y 4
(h) f 1x2 = 1x + 82/2

-1
(f) x 7
(g) y 0
(h) f-11x2 = -
(e)
(b)
(b)
32. (a) x 3
(c) y 0
(f) x 0
(g) y 3
(e)
(h) f-11x2 = 16 - x22/2
(b)
(e)
27 - x
2
659
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
660
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 660
36. (a) 1- q , q 2
42. (a) 7/3
(c) 1- q , q 2
(b) 14/3
(f) 1 - q , q 2
43. (a) - 12
(g) 1- q , q 2
(b) -3/5
1
3 x
(h) f-11x2 =
2
44. (a) -9/11

(b) -15/7
(b)
(e)
45. f-11x2 =
x + 9
5
46. f-11x2 =
x - 1
2
47. f-11x2 =
22x - 6
2
48. f-11x2 = 37. (a) 1- q , q 2

(c) 1- q , q 2
(f) 1 - q , q 2
(g) 1- q , q 2
(h) f-11x2 =
x
8
215 - 5x
5
49. f-11x2 =
x2 - 3
,x 0
2
50. f-11x2 =
5 - x2
,x 0
4
51. f-11x2 =
3x + 7
9x - 2
52. f-11x2 =
11 - 5x
3 + 2x
61. f1x2 = 2 7 0
(b)
62. f1x2 =
(e)
-1
16 - 2x
6 0
63. f1x2 = -8x 6 0

64. f1x2 =
65. f1x2 =
2
2/3 7 0
3x
19
2
12x + 52
2
7 0
66. (a) f1x2 = 6x + 3 7 0

(b) 1/27
38. (a) 1- q , q 2
(c) 1- q , q 2
67. (a) f1x2 = 15x4 + 6x2 7 0
(g) 1- q , q 2
69. It is one-to-one
(b) 1/21
(f) 1- q , q 2
(h) f-11x2 = x3 + 1
1
(e)
(b)
70. It is one-to-one
39. (a) 3
(b) 4
40. (a) 7/3
(b) 4/3
41. (a) 1
(b) 5
71. No, see exercises 69 and 70.

72. Yes, see Exercise 57
73. (a) No
(b) only if they are one-to-one
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
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Page 661

74. f1x2 =
- 41x2 + 92
1x - 92
2
16.
6 0
(b) No, it is not one-to-one

76.
f is
f is
g is
increasing
Concave Upwards
Concave Downwards
increasing
Concave Downwards
Concave Upwards
decreasing
Concave Upwards
Concave Upwards
decreasing
Concave Downwards
Concave Downwards
17. See Exercise 14.
Exercise Set 4.2

1. 1.67789
18. See Exercise 15.

19.
2. 0.0069593
3. 0.242273
4. 7.99142
5. 0.126485
6. -3912.9874
7. -32165728.94
8. 7.10299
9. 0.06156706343
10. 1.632527
20.
11. 0.00179239
12. 0.003607
13.
21.
14.
22.
15.
661
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
662
6/20/07
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Page 662
23.
33.
24. y = 3x - 2
25. y = 3x + 2
34.
26. y = 3x + 2
27. y = 3x - 2
28. y = 3x - 2 + 3
29. y = 3x - 2 - 3
35.
30.
36.
31.
37. -3/4
38. 13/22
39. 7/13
40. 2/3
32.
41. 4/21
42. 19/2
43. -18/7
44. 11/4
45. They are symmetric about the y-axis
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
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Page 663

663
64. 4.9062513.22x/10 L 4.9062511.123352x

65. 23.529410.852x/8 L 23.529410.979892x
66. 138.88710.722x/20 L 138.88710.9837092x
67. 11.14774711.2227092x, 508.541 million
68. (a) 366.07111.55552x
(b) 119.983x2.4257
(c) (i) 67438.53710.83842x (ii) 55732.2088x-0.3533; better information, better treatment, contraception, among other reasons.
Exercise Set 4.3

1. 20.0855
2. 0.1353
49. (a) 1261
3. 10.6974
(b) 530
4. 4.1133
(c) 223
5. (a) 716.02
(b) 716.64
50. (a) 1140
(c) 716.67
(b) 289
6. (a) 2110.66
(c) 19
(b) 2112.99
51. (a) 296.611.062t
(c) 2113.07
(b) 396.918
7. (a) 20,081.64
(c) 263.973
(b) 20,166.07
52. (a) $52,167.33
(c) 20,168.96
(b) $70,108.53
t
53. (a) 10.13910.9952
8. (a) 2,642.90
(b) 9.839 million
(b) 2,645.92
(c) 10.241 million
(c) 2,646.02
54. (a) 27.9203 lb
9. (a) 8041.95
(b) 8029.35
(b) 4.8615 lb
55. (a) 9.12673 lb
(c) 8028.92
(b) 8.07983 lb
10. (a) 1480.92
(c) 4.01007 lb
(b) 1479.88
(c) 1479.84
56. (a) 31.6875 lb

(b) 1.00971 lb
11. (a) 736.50

(b) 736.18
57. (a) $1628.89
(c) 736.17
(b) $3386.35
58. (a) 2
12. (a) 664.33
(b) 2
(b) 662.17
(c) 662.09
59. (a) 2x + 3
(b)
A B
13.
25 7 x
7 5
0.485427
(c) y = 5x
60. (a) 3x
(b) 3122x/2 L 311.4142x

(c) 3x
61. Power function
62. Linear(or power) function
63. 9.2307711.32x/5 L 9.2307711.0538742x
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
664
14.
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19.
15.
20.
21.
16.
17.
22.
18.
23.
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24.
30. (a) 479 gm

(b) 326 gm
(c) 6.9 gm
32. 1.09861
33. -0.693147
Exercise Set 4.4

1. 2e2x
25.
2. -3e-3x
3. -e-x
2
4. 2axeax
5. 2xe2x1x + 12
6. x3e-3x1 -3x + 42
7. xex1x + 22
8.
9.
10.
26.
11.
1x2 - 2x - 12ex - 2x
1x - 12
2ex
x
2
1e + 12
4
x
-x 2
1e + e 2
2
2x[12x2 + 12e2x - 1]
1x + 12
2
12. xex
13. axeax
14. 12x2 - 2x + 62e2x

15.
16.
2x - ex + 2y
x + 2y
2e
- 1
2
x11 + ex 2
y11 + e 2
2
3 2
17.
3 2
9x + 2 - 6x4y2e2x y - 2xe2x y + 2ex - 3e2y

2
27.
3 2
2x y
4x ye
2y
+ 6e
+ 8y + 3
18. y = x + 1
19. y = -x + 1
20. y = 2x - 5
21. y = e-11-2x + 32
22. y = x
23. y = e316x - 52
24. (a) inc on x 6 1/3, dec on x 7 1/3
(b) CD on x 6 2/3, CU on x 7 2/3
(c) (1/3, 4e-1/3)
(d)
28.
29. (a) 98.8 gm

(b) 29.8 gm
(c) 4.9 gm
(e) Max at 11/3, 4e-1/32, inflection at 12/3, 8e-2/32
665
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Page 666

(b) dec for x 6 0, inc for x 7 0
25.
(c) CU for all x

(d) rel min at (0, 1)
M(1/4, e-1/2)
I(, e-2)
(f) (0, 1) is the minimum point.

29. (b) inc for all x
(c) CU for x 7 0, CD for x 6 0
(d) none
(e)
26.
M(1, e-2)
I2
(f) none (0, 0) is an inflection point
I1
30. 1/a
32.
2
A ae
Exercise Set 4.5

m(0, 0)
Note: I1 a1 -
1. log3 81 = 4
22
22
, .293b , I2 a1 +
, 1.707 b
2
2
2. log3 1/9 = -2
3. log2 16 = 4
4. log8 12 = -1/3
27.
-3
M(3/2, 27e /8)

I2
I3
I1(0, 0)
5. log6 1 = 0
6. log16 8 = 3/4
7. log1/3 1/9 = 2
8. log9/16 27/64 = 3/2
9. 23 = 8
10. 8-4/3 = 1/16
11. b0 = 1
12. 10-2 = 1/100
13. 102 = 100
14. 33 = 27
3 - 23
3 + 23
, 0.0717b , I3 a
, 0.1167b
Note: I2 a
2
2
28.
15. 11223 = 1/8
16. 12/324 = 16/81

17. 2
18. 2/3
19. 4
20. -3
21. -2/3
(e)
22. 5
23. 3
24. 3/2
25. 2
26. 1/16
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27. 81
40.
28. 8
29. 5
30. 1/8
31. (a) 11.5 base
(b) 3.6 acid
32. (a) 4.4 acid
(b) 5.1 acid
33. (a) 7.2 base, almost neutral
41.
(b) 6.9 acid, almost neutral

34. (a) 7.1 base, almost neutral
(b) 8.6 base
35. (a) 10.3 base
(b) 4.1 acid
36.
42.
37.
43.
38.
44.
39.
45. 1/x
46. 1/x
47. 1/x
48. 3/x
49. 5/x
50. -3/x
667
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
668
6/20/07
10:25 AM

64. (a) -0.023609 + 1.030215 ln x
51. n/x
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
Page 668
6x
2
4 + 3x
5x4
5
x + 12
51ln x24
x
e-2x11 - 2x ln x2
x
e2x + x2 + 1 - 2x ln x1e2x + x2
2x
x1e
+ x + 12
1
x ln x
(b) -0.023609, 2.11866

65. (a) 0.075 - 1.4599 ln x
(b) 0.075, -2.96076
Exercise Set 4.6

1. log 3 + log x
2. log3 2 - log3 y
58. y = 2x - 2
59. y = e-21-7x + 112

60.
3. log2 x + 2 log2 y
4. log x + 2 log y
5. 1 + 2 log x + 3 log y
6. 3 ln x + 4 ln y - 5 ln z
7. 3 ln x + 4 ln y + 5 ln z
8. 12 ln x + 2 ln y
9. 12 log x + 3/2 log y
10. 5 ln x + 3/4 ln y
11. 10 log4 x + 1/3 log4 y - 1/4 log4 z
12. 5 log6 x + 1/3 log6 y + 5 log6 z - 12 log6 w - 5 log6 v - 9 log6 r
m(1/e, -1/e)
13. 0.6020
14. 1
15. 1.3010
61.
16. 1.398
17. 1.204
18. 2.6020
19. log3 8
20. log6 45
21. log5 16
22. ln x3y2
23. ln
m(2, 2-2ln 2)
62.
x2
y4
1xy2
24. log 3
z
25. log
x = 0 is V.A.
26. ln
63.
M(1.7632, 0.0973)
I(2.552, .07299)
29. ln
y2 2
3 w2
1
4 x2
3 y2z3
w4 2
5 v2
27. log
28. ln
x4 1z
x5 1
3y
z 2
5 w2
17
2
4 1x + 323 2
4x + 1
2x + 5
x7
B 1x + 127
30. log3
x + 1
1x - 128
31. 3.58496
x = 0 is V.A.
y = 0 is H. A.
32. 1.77124
33. 1.729716
34. -1.63093
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
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35. 1.86135
64.
36. 3
37. 2
38. 2
39. 3/4
40. -3/7
41. -1
42. 5
43. 211
65.
44. 2.26178
45. 3.15465
46. -0.231544
47. 1.04317
48. 0.74901
49. 3
50. 1
51. 0.635777
52. 15y 3m 22d
67. 1/x
53. 13y 3m 7d
68. 1/x
54. 10y 6m 16d
69. 6/x
55. 3y 10m 18d
70. 9/x
56. (a) 6y 5m 21d
71. 6/x
(b) 6y 4m 20d
72. 5/x
(c) 6y 3m 29d
73.
(d) 6y 3m 19d
74.
(e) 6y 3m 19d
75.
57. (a) 13y 8m 24d

(b) 17y 3m 29d
58. 7.44%
76.
1
2x + 1
5
315x + 72
2
x ln 3
5
x ln 7
2x
77. 2 ln 313 2
78. 6x ln 2123x 2
2
59. 3.65%
79. x242x12x ln 4 + 32
60. 5.62%
80.
61. 6.10%
81.
62.
82.
83.
84.
85.
86.
87.
88.
63.
- 2x4-2x 121x2 + 12 ln 4 + 12
1x + 12
317x + 22
2x13x + 12
4111x22 + 452
5x12x + 92
1 + ln x
x ln x
- 112x2 + 252
2
x13x + 52
- 18x2 + 92
2
x ln 214x + 32
3
x
2x
x + x2 + 4 - 3x2 + 7
3
8
5x
x + 2x + 1 - 5x2 + 4
7
60x
2x
x + 3x2 + 8 + 2x2 + 5
89. A
8x
2
x + 5
90. A 3x 24-
+
+
5
215x + 72
2
4x - 1
2x
93. y =
15
4
x - 7
94. y = 1
8
95. y = - 53
x +
69
53
50x4
5
2x + 9
3x
2
213x + 12
B A 1x2 + 524 25x + 7 B
91. 211 + ln x2x
92. ex11 + x ln x2xe
-1
2x
2
x + 1
BA
13x - 228 24x - 1

2
x + 1
669
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Page 670
Exercise Set 4.7

1. (a) 10,919,630
(b) 0.549 hours
2. 5.74 hours
3. 9.04 billion
4. (a) P1t2 = 149000e0.0155109t
(b) 2016
5. (a) 3.59 billion
(b) 4.46 billion
(e) 0.527 billion

(f) 7.9 * 109 billion
38. (a) 170.8F
(b) 23.3 minutes
Chapter Review
1. (I) (a) 1 - 1
(b) - q 6 x 6 q ; - q 6 y 6 q
(d)
(c) 2.51 billion

(d) 1.02 billion
6. 2535.69
7. (a) 5040.60
(b) 5.96 years
8. 8.54%
9. (a) -0.01474781
(b) 17.6 kilograms
10. (a) 9.1796 1grams
(b) 1620 years
(e) f-11x2 = 12x - 5/2

(II) (a) 1 - 1
11. 79.45%
(b) - q 6 x 6 q ; - q 6 y 6 q
13. 19,030 years
(d)
14. 28,980 years

15. 11.85%
16. 43,220 years
17. 5.98 years
18. 1.096 years
19. After 10.3 weeks
20. 11.4 days
21. 4.03 weeks
22. 5.6
23. 6.3
24. 4.6
25. 5.1
26. 2.82 * 1019 ergs
27. 5.62 * 1022 ergs
28. 7.08 * 1021 ergs
(e) f-11x2 = A x
(III) not 1 - 1, dec when x 6 0, inc when x 7 0

(IV) not 1 - 1, dec for x 7 0, inc for x 6 0
(V) not 1 - 1, dec for x 6 0, inc when x 7 0
(VI) (a) 1 - 1
(b) x 0, y -2
(d)
29. 3.16 * 1017 ergs

30. 5.01 * 1018 ergs
31. 3.55 * 1024 ergs
32. 178 times
33. 1000 times
34. 5623 times
35. 177,828 times
36. (a) 3.468 billion
(b) 4.01 billion
(c) 5.68 billion
(d) 2.24 billion
- 4 1/3
2
(e)
1
2
2x + 2
2. (a) f1x2 7 0
(b) -1
(c) 1/8
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
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3. (a) 941.95
3.
(b) 2341.61
4.
4. Call 2004t = 0,
5.
6.
(b) 8.95
7.
(c) 6.39
8. 2 1x + c
9.
6. $1057.94
10.
7. 5.21%
11.
8. y = -3e-21x + 22
12.
9.
M(1/3, 2e -1/3)
I(2/3, 4e -2/3)
17.
18.
y = 0 is H.A.
19.
20.
21.
22.
12.
3x212x2 + 13x22 + 12ln13x2 + 122

3x + 1
2
e-x 5x 5+ 2 - 2x ln12 + 5x2
23.
t8
4
+ c
+ c
15. 16.
c
c
4 7/4
+ c
7x
7 2/7
w
+ c
2
2 5/2
s
+
c
5
4 9/4
+ c
9x
1/3
13. 3x
14.
11.
c
c
(a) P1t2 = 7.211.022
5. f1x2 = 4.3546511.224742x
10.
-1
2 + c
2x
2 3/2
+
3x
2 3/2
t
+
3
3 4/3
+
4x
4 5/4
t
+
5
1
2
4w
+ c
r4
3
2 + r + 4r + c
5 3
4 3/2
- 3x +
3x + 3x
27x4
+
c
4
4x3
2
3 + 2x + x + c
t5
2t3
5 + 3 + t + c
2 22 3/2
+ c
3 x
-4
7
1
+
3 4 + c
x
3x
2x
7
4
2t - 2t - 12
+ c
2
4t
24. 4 ln x + c
25. 2 ln x + c
26. 7ex + c
27. 2et + c
28. 5 ln x - 2ex + 7x + c
29. 2et 4
3t5
5
x
+ 7 ln t - 12t + c
30. x - 9e + 8 ln x - 5x + c
32. (a) 12 e2x + c
(b) -e-x + c
I
m(e - /2, e -1/8)
-3/2
I( e /2 ,-3e -3/8)
(c) - 14 e-4x + c
33. (a) ln x
(b) ln x
34.
13. 1.892789
35. They differ by a constant
14. ln 8 L 2.079442
15. A 3x 12-
16. -4x5
1
a + bx
x
2 - 21x2 + 92
-2x2
ln 5
17. 12 + ln x2
1x - 12
- 22
B A 13x
B
2
2
4x + 9
4
Exercise Set 5.2

1. x2 - 3x + 7
2.
x3
3
- x2 + 9x + 2
x
3. 2e - 4x3/2 + 2x + 2
2
x
18. 5,380 yrs
4. 3ex +
19. 4.89
5. 2x + 5 ln x + 1
20. (a) basic (11.42)
6. 3x - 2 ln x +
(b) acidic (3.54)
Exercise Set 5.1
+ x + 4 - 3e2
2. x4/4 + c
5
3
7. x + 2
8.
x3
6
19
6
+ 14
3 x
- x2 + 3x -
9. -2 ln x 1. 3x + c
x3
3
1
2
6x
10. 3e + x - 6x - 2
199
24
+ 2 ln 2
671
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11.
20. x2 + 50x + 5000

21. (a) -2x2 + 8x
(b) -2x + 8
22. P1x2 = -0.05x2 + 830x - 800
23. y = -
1
3
x + c
4
24. y = 3
5 5x2 + c
25. y = 2
3
-5
5
9x + c
x
26. y2 = 8e + c
27. 3x3y4 - 9x3 = -3xy2 - 4y2 + cx3y2

28. x3y3 - 16x3 = 2x3y ln x - 2y + cx3y
12.
29. If n = 1, y = cekx otherwise, y1 - n = k11 - n2x + c

axN + 1
30. M = 1, N Z -1 y = ce N + 1 ; M = 1, N = -1 y = c xa
M Z 1, N = -1 y1 - M = a11 - M2 ln x + c;
N+1
M Z 1, N Z 1, y1 - M = 11 -+ M
+ c
N ax
31. -x2 + 2xy + y2 = c
33. y = 43 x3/2 3
34. y = x 2
2
3
7 2
2x
2
+ 5x
35. 2y = -x + c2
36. (a) 2 -2gs102
13.
(b) v =
g11 - e-kt2
k
37. If it has constant velocity, its acceleration will be zero
Exercise Set 5.3

1.
2.
3.
4.
12x3 + 322
+ c
2
1
3/2
6 14x + 142
13x5 + 129
+ c
9
12x + 1210
+ c
10
2x2
5. e
+ c
+ c
6. ln 2x + 1 + c
14.
7.
8.
9.
10.
1
2
6
36 13x + 22 + c
13x6 - 2210
+ c
180
1
3/2
+ c
3 12x + 12
1
3
3/2
+ c
6 14x + 32
4
11. - 21 - x + c
12.
13.
14.
15. 96 ft/sec
15.
16. (a) 282.84 ft/sec
16.
(b) 282.84 ft/ sec
17.
(c) gravity acts the same way in both cases.
18.
17. (a) 3.953 sec
19.
(b) 1.768 sec
20.
18. (a) 78.33
21.
(b) 143.53
22.
19. (a) 62.26 ft/sec
23.
(b) 62.76 ft
24.
1 -x3
3e
+ c
-1
3/2
4 + c
813x
+ 4x + 12
1
2
2 ln 3x + 4x + 1 +
1
5
3
2
2 ln 4x - 2x + 3x
1
2/3 2
4 12 + 3x 2 + c
1 4x3
+ c
12 e
2 3x5 + 7
+ c
3e
1 4x3 + 2x2 + 1
+ c
4e
1
2x 3/2
11
+
3e
2
+ c
9
1
2 ln1x2 + 12 + c
ln153x + 22
+ c
3 ln 5
- 2x 1 2 + c
41e + 12
1
2x
+ 12 + c
2 ln1e
c
+ 8x + 5 + c
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
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25. - 18 A 3 + x2 B 4 + c
26. 4x 27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
1
2
2 ln1x
x2
2 - x +
1
a ln ax +
1 ax
+ c
ae
1ln x24
+ c
4
42x
+
c
2 ln 4
2
54x
+
c
4 ln 5
16. (a) 3.3125

(b) 3.6875
+ 12 + c
(c) 3.5
ln x + 1 + c
17. (a) 2.125
b + c
(b) 1.875
(c) 2
18. 19.773438
(b) 20.898438
(c) 20.332031
33. ln ln x + c
34.
35.
1ln x2N + 1
N + 1 + c when N
(a) 43 x3 + 6x2 + 9x
(b) 16 12x + 323 + C
Z -1
19. 10.6875
+ c
20. (a) 3.40625

(b) 3.59375
(c) 3.5
(c) They differ by a constant.

36.
625 17
17 x
250 14
7 x
150 11
11 x
37. If n = m - 1 and am Z 0
38. (a) -ln11 + e-x2 + c1
x
(b) x - ln1e + 12 + c2
(c) they differ by a constant
Exercise Set 5.4

1. (a) 0.5
(b) 0.2
(c) 0.02
2. (a) 0.75
(b) 0.3
(c) 0.03
3. 50, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 26

4. 53, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 56
5 8
2x
x5
5
+ c
21. (a) 2.0625

(b) 1.9375
(c) 2
22. (a) 20.052734
(b) 20.615234
(c) 20.333008
23. (a) 0.32779589
(b) 0.31579589
(c) 0.32172789
24. (a) 20.288350
(b) 20.37835
(c) 20.333325
25. (a) 0.0833
(b) 0.0833
(c) 0.08335
5. 5.75
26. (a) 6.3253785
6. 7.75
(b) 6.4531596
7. 6.625
(c) 6.3889496
8. 8
9. 10
10. 11
27. (a) 2.5243268

(b) 2.5659156
(c) 2.5452056
11. (a) 3.125
28. 10
(b) 3.875
29. 3.5
(c) 3.5
30. 2
12. (a) 2.25

(b) 1.75
31. 20.34375
Exercise 5.5
(c) 2
13. (a) 19.21875
(b) 21.46875
(c) 20.328125
14. (a) 13.953125
(b) 18.703125
(c) 16.210938
15. 10.75
20
1
1. a
i=1 i
23
2. a 12i + 12
i=2
19
1
3. a
2i
i=1
5
4. a 15i - 42
i=1
673
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6
5
i - 1
i
5. a
or a
i = 2 2i + 1
i = 1 2i + 3
40. lim a ei/n n1

n: q
i=1
n
6. a 2i - 1
41. lim a ln A 1 + ni B n1
n: q
7. a ari - 1
44. (a) a
12
i=1
n
i=1
n
i=1
xi
8. a
i=1 i
(b)
9. 105
(c)
10. 32
n1n + 12
2
n1n + 1216n3 + 9n2 + n - 12
30
n21n + 12212n2 + 2n - 12
12
12. 8
47. Consider the interval [0, 1], with the partition 50, 1/10, 1/10 + 9/110n2,
1/10 + 2 # 9/110n2, 1/10 + 3 # 9/110n2, , 16
13. 240
48. (a) 2/3
11. 3457/840
(b) lim a A ni B 1/2 n1

n: q
n
14. 228
i=1
15. 8270
16. 850,745
49. (a) 3/4

(b) lim a A ni B 1/3 n1
n: q
n
17. 791,910
i=1
18. 292,320
19. (a) 62
(b) 2,097,150
(c) 2n + 1 - 2
Exercise Set 5.6

1. 10
2. 20
20. an + 1 - a1
3. k1b - a2
21. an + 1 - a1 + an - a0
4. (a) 15/2
22. (a) 50
(b) 500
(c)
n + 1
2
23. 81,159,640
24. -358,192,305,872
25. -19,961,022
26. 1
27. 1
28. 20/3
29. 75/4
30. Region bounded by y = 3x2, y = 0, x = 0 and x = 1
32. Region bounded by y = 6 + 2x2, y = 0, x = 0 and x = 1
34. 8
(b) -15/2
5. (a) 6
(b) -6
6. -2
7. 38/3
8. 195/4
9. 18
10. 11/2
11. 8/3
12. 1793/12
13. 3
14. 11/5
15. 14/3
16. 7/9
17. (a) ln 2
35. 2/3
(b) ln 2
36. 1/4
37. (a) 11/2
(c) ln 2
18. (a) ln b/a
(b) 5/6
(c) 10/3
38. 14/3
39. (a) 15/4
(b) 1/4
(c) 12
(d) 17/4
(b) ln b/a
19. 121ln 5 - ln 22
20. e - 1
21.
e-2 - e-4
2
2
22. 21e - e2
23. 13/2
24. 13/3
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
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37.
25. (a)
3
1
(b) 7
14x + 12 dx
26. (a)
1x2 + 12 dx
(b) 22/3
2
27. (a)
14 - x22 dx
-2
(b) 32/2
2
28. (a)
3x
1/2
dx
38.
(b) 8 A 22 - 1 B
1
29. (a)
4
x dx
(b) 4 ln 3
2
30. (a)
e-x dx
(b) e-1 - e-2

31. 81/2
39.
32.
x dx = 7/3
1
3
33.
ex dx = e3 - e2
2
5
34.
12x3 - 3x2 + 12 dx = 192
35.
y=5
40.
x=1
x=3
36.
41.
x=4
x=9
675
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
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6/20/07
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Page 676
42.
9.
10.
1ln 222
2
1
2
2 ln1e
+ 12
11. 0
12. 0
13. 6
14. 0
15. 0
16. 9
43.
17. 0
18. 9/2
19. 956/15
20. 26/5
21. 16/3
22. 1 - e-1
23. ln 10
24. ln 5
25. 12 ln 17
44. 63/2
26. (a) 0
45. 9
(b) 0
46. 18
27. (a)
47. 9
(b)
48. 2 ln 3
28. (a) 1/3
49. 2 ln 3
(b)
50. 3 ln 2 + 4
29. (a)
51. 31e2 - 12
30. (a)
53. 8
1 - e-4
4
31. $6082.69
57. (a) 3/16 6 A 6 3/8

(b) 0.24535037
ln13/42
6
p 23
18
32. $1107.01
33. x2
L 0.254353
ln 2
6 A 6 1
22
(b) 0.56226116
34. 21 - x2
35. x4 2
3 1 - x2
36.
60. ;0.466221
61. -0.517999
65. 0.32174914 (using n = 100)
Exercise Set 5.7

1. 1/5
2. 38/15
3. 1
3 5
2x
x
(c) ln A A 25 + 2 B A 22 - 1 B B L 0.562262
a 11 + x 224 - x - 2x
2
39. ;0.674537
11 + x222
24 - t2 dt b
42. f1v1x22v1x2 - f1u1x22u1x2

43. 2x2x4 + 1
44.
3x5
6
x + 1
2e4x
+ 1
4x
Exercise Set 5.8

1. 9
5. -2 ln 3
2. 32
6. 12 ln 5/2
3. 32/3
7. 0
4. 9
e2 - e-2
6
37.
4. 0
8.
5/2
(b) 0.262997 or 1.287403
54. 28/3
58. (a)
1
13
1
2 ln
(b) 1.52846
52. 21e2 - e-22
(c)
m1a + b2 + 2d
2
1
21a + b2
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Page 677

xe
5. 9
6. 1331/750
40.
D1x2 dx - 1xe - a2pe
7. 8
41. 1xe - a2pe -
8. 32
9. 37/6
xe
S1x2 dx
10. 1
Exercise Set 5.9
11. 6
12. 9/2
1.
13. 9
2
15 1x
+ 123/213x - 22 + c
2. 2 2x - 11x + 42 + c
14. 27/2
3. 1209/14
15. 25.1771
4.
16. (a) 10,000

(b) 2500
7.
(b) 180
8.
18. (a) 11/3
9.
(b) 7
10.
19. (a) 17/3
- 123/2115x2 + 6x + 22
5. -40224/1105
6.
17. (a) 1260
1
105 12x
3
2x
+ c
4 12x - 12e
211 - 4e-32
9
- 14 12x2 + 2x + 12e-2x
1
3
2
128 132x - 24x + 12x
1
- 4 12x4 + 4x3 + 6x2 +
+ c
- 32e4x + c
6x + 32e-2x + c
11. 2 ln 2 - 3/4
(b) 6.59
12.
20. (a) 16.75
13.
(b) 21.02
21. (a) $63,138.58
(b) $77,892.69
22. (a) $93,174.11
14.
(b) $23,613.00
24. (a) $152,996.22
e - 5e
4
ln12x + 32 - x + c
- x ln x + 12 B + c
1ln x22
2
A x-
xn + 1
n + 1 ln
2
-2
16.
+ c
1
n + 1
e - 5e
4
if n = -1
B + c if n Z -1
17. 2 ln 2 - 3/4
18.
(b) $278,777.29
(b) 0.424367
25. $688,338.79
26. (b) 12
15. e
(b) $309,348.92
23. (a) $12,969.09
1
2 12x + 32
x2
2
2 1ln x2
2
-2
(c) 0.575633
19.
27. (b) 5/32
(b) 0.353093
(c) 11/32
(c) 0.381282
(d) 11/16
20. 1.11537
(e) 27/32 (f) 12
21. 16/7
28. (b) 0.731059
Chapter Review
(c) 0.268941
(d) 0.731059
1.
9n4 + 10n3 + 21n2 - 64n

12
2. (a) 13/2
29. (a) 12
(b) 19/32
30. 1.17157
(b)
12x3 + 4x2 + 7x - 12 dx
31. 0
3. 416 - 4
32. 0.28311
4. (a) 204
33. 0
37. A = T C e r D
rt - 1
e1j - r2t - 1
38. T0 c
d
j - r
(b) 452
(c) 310
5. (a) 311.0592
(b) 320.9792
(c) 315.9904 exact area is 316
677
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
678
6/20/07
(c)
7. (a) 196 ft
13.
14.
15.
(b) 10
2
(c) 10ex
9. y = ;
12.
31 - ln11 + x 2
1
11
+
4t223/216t2 - 12
40
3
3 9 - 16
4 92
1
4 - 2e-5u + c
ln
10
1
3
3 1ln 22
1ln 322 - 1ln 222
21ln 32 1ln 22
45 - 327e-2
8
16. (a) 0.0202

(b) 1.41683
17. 93/5
18. 32/315
19. (a) 0.8758057
(b) 4/3
- y2 - 2yk - k2
11. (a) 0
x + h
y
10. (a) 10
(b) -112 ft/sec

8. p = 29 - x
11.
Page 678
6. 15
10.
10:25 AM
+ c
(b) 0
(c) 25 ln 2x2
12. (a) 100 213
(b) 100 243
13. 247,028
14. (a) 2y - 6xy3
(b) 2x - 9x2y2
(c) 2y - 12y3
(d) 2x - 9x2
15. (a) 2x - 9x2y
(b) -2y - 3x3
(c) 4 - 36y
(d) -6 - 3x3
20.
(b)
7 214 - 22
48
16. (a) 4x - 3y2
(c) 0.836667
(b) -6xy - 6y2z2
(d) 0.163333
(c) -4y3z + 2z
21. (a) $329,226.55

(b) $1,269,966.90
22. (a) $167,957.60
(b) $557,638.86
23. x21 - x2
24. 2x3 21 - x4
Exercise Set 6.1

1. (a) -8
(b) -20
2. (a) 3
17. C1x, y, z2 = 5xy + 4xz + 4yz
Exercise Set 6.2

1. 4x + 12x2y4 + 9
(b) 6y + 16x3y3 - 2
2. 12x3 - 14xy5 + 16x
(b) -6y2 - 35x2y4 - 3
3. 9x2 - 16x3 + 15x2y5 - 7
(b) 25x3y4 + 18y
4. (a)
(b)
(b) -77
3. (a) 800
(b) 5400
4. (a) 150
(b) 900
5. (a) 400
(b) 2400
6. (a) 4
(b) -2
7. (a) 432
(b) 800
8. (a) 143
(b) -4
9. (a) 3/2
(b) 2/3
4xy2
1x + y 2
2
2 2
- 4x2y
1x + y 2
2
2 2
5. (a)
- 4xy
1x - y 2
2
2 2
(b)
4x y
1x - y 2
2 2
2
2 2
6. (a) 3x 1x + y223111x2 + 3y22

(b) 24x3y1x2 + y223
7. (a) 80xy312x2 + 3y424
(b) 12y212x2 + 3y42412x2 + 23y42

2
8. (a) 16xe-2y
(b) -32x2ye-2y
9. (a) 2ye3xy13xy + 12
(b) 2xe3xy13xy + 12
10. (a) 6xy3e-4x y 11 - 6x3y22

3 2
(b) 3x2y2e-4x y 13 - 8x3y22

3 2
11. (a) 60x2y212x3 - 3y424
(b) 4y12x3 - 3y42412x3 - 33y42
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Page 679

12. (a) 12x2y215x4 - 2y325145x4 - 2y32
31.
(b) 40x y15x - 2y 2 1x - 4y 2

3
13. (a)
(b)
14. (a)
(b)
3 5
4x
2
2
2x + 3y
6y
2
2x + 3y
3x2
3
2
21x + 2y 2
2y
3
x + 2y
15. (a) 4xy3 A
+ ln1x2 + y22 B
x2
2
2
x + y
(b) 2x2y2 A
2y2
2
x + y
16. (a) 8x + 3
+ 3 ln1x2 + y22 B
32.
(b) 6y2 - 2
(c) 25z4 + 11
17. (a) 8x3 + 16x - 4xy3z4
(b) -15y4 + 6y2 - 6x2y2z4
(c) 60z3 - 8x2y3z3 + 5
18. (a)
(b)
(c)
19. (a)
(b)
(c)
4x
2
2
2
2x + 3y + 4z
6y
2
2x + 3y + 4z
8z
2
2
2
2x + 3y + 4z
2x
2
2
2
x + y + z
2y
2
33.
x + y + z
2z
2
2
2
x + y + z
3 4 2x2y3z4
20. (a) 12xy z e
2 3 4
(b) 18x2y2z4e2x y z
2 3 4
(c) 24x2y3z3e2x y z
21. (a) 124x5y6z5 + 4xy4z32e3x y z
4 2 2
(b) 112x y z + 8x y z 2e
6 5 5
2 3 3
3x4y2z2
34.
(c) 112x6y6z4 + 6x2y4z22e3x y z
4 2 2
22. (a) 100

(b) -149
23. (a) -16/25
(b) -8/25
24. -564e-32
(b) -732e-32
25. (a) -32/5 - 32 ln 5
(b) 64/5 + 24 ln 5
26. 11; 22; 36
27. 2/3; 1/3; -1/3
28. -96e16; 72e16; 192e16
29. (a) 1040
(b) -472
30. (a) y = 56x - 57
(b) y = 63x - 64
35.
679
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
680
36.
37.
38.
6/20/07
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Page 680

40.
41.
42. 12, -22

43. (3, 3)
44. (4, 4, 5)
45. 112, - 12, -1/32

46. (a) 4 + 24xy4
(b) 6 + 48x3y2
(c) 48x2y3
47. (a) 36x2 - 14y5 + 16
(b) -12y - 140x2y3
39.
(c) -70xy4
48. (a) 18x - 48x2 + 30xy5
(b) 100x3y3 + 18
(c) -75x2y4
49. (a)
- 4y213x2 - y22
1x + y 2
2
2 3
(b)
4x213y2 - x22
(c)
- 8xy1y2 - x22
1x + y 2
2
2 3
1x + y 2
3
2
2
2 3
50. (a) 240y 12x + 3y42316x2 + y42
(b) 24y12x2 + 3y42314x4 + 192x2y4 + 759y82

(c) 240xy212x2 + 3y42312x2 + 19y42
2
51. (a) 16e-2y
(b) 1-32x2 + 128x2y22e-2y
(c) -64xye-2y
52. (a) 120x12x3 - 3y423114x3 - 3y42
(b) 412x3 - 3y42312079y8 - 432x3y4 + 4x62

(c) 120x2y12x3 - 3y42312x3 - 27y42
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53. (a)
(b)
(c)
- 412x2 - 3y22
12x + 3y 2
2
2 2
612x2 - 3y22
12x + 3y 2
2
2 2
- 24xy
12x + 3y 2
2
2 2
54. Both are 48xy2z

55. Both are 24x2yz
67. 1
68. 12
69. -1
70. Not homogeneous
71. a + b
72. 6
73. 5
74. a + b + g
Exercise Set 6.3

rm = relative minimum, rM = relative maximum,
sp = saddle point, TF = test fails.
3 4
31. x = y = z = 2
32. (6, 11)
33. $1912 at (4, 6)
3 4, 2
3 4, 52 2
3 4B
34. A 2
35. (36, 18, 18)
36. 10, ;2, 02, 1;2, 0, 02, (0, 0, 2)

37. f1x, y2 = 8 - 2x + 12 y
38. f1x, y2 = 10 - 12x + 12y

43. Max = 7 min = -11
44. Max = 60, min = 20
45. Max = 2, min = -2
Exercise Set 6.4

1. 9/2
2. 27/4
3. 7/4
4. 12
5. 108
1. rm 1-5/2, 3, -107/22
6. -4 22
3. rm 12, -2, -182
8. 8
2. sp 1-2, -5, 192
7. -24
4. TF (0, 0, 0)
9. 2.4
5. rm 13, 3, -532
10. 48
7. sp (3, 2, 0)
12. 72
8. rm (2, 2, 12)
13. 243/10
9. rm (1, 2, 6)
14.
6. rm 1;4, -2, -5172 sp 10, -2, -52
10. rm (4, 1/4, 6)
11. 12
8 26
9
15. 48
11. rM 1-1, 2, -62
16. 108
13. sp 10, ;2, 42
18. 6912
15. TF (0, 0, 0), sp (18, 0, 0), sp (0, 12, 0), sp 16, 4, -2802
20. A -2 23, -223, -223, -623 B , A 2 23, 223, 223, 623 B
12. rm 12, 2, -11 sp10, 0, 522
17.
14. sp (0, 0, 0), rm 16, -18, -1082
19. 1-2, 0, -2, 42, (2, 0, 2, 4)
16. sp (0, 0, 0), sp ((12, 0, 0), sp (0, 16, 0), rM (4, 16/3, 1024/3)
21. 158, -13, -35, 132182
17. TF (x, 0, 0) for all x, TF (0, y, 0) for 0 y 12 at other y it is a sp, rM(4, 6,

6912)
18. sp (0, 0, 0), rm 13, 3, -272
19. sp (0, 0, 0), rm 1-2, 2, -322, rm 12, -2, -322

20. rm 12/3, 1/4, 2 + ln 242
21. rM (0, 0, 1)
22. rM 1;1, 0, 2/e2, rm (0, 0, 0), sp 10, ;1, 1/e2

24. 14, 4, 5, -1552
25. 11, -1, 0, -22
26. 11, 2, 3, -452
23
324
22. 1-1/3, -2/3, 5/3, 10/32

23. 1-5, 4, 4, -702
24. Length = 125/2 yd. radius =
125
2p yd.
25. (4, 4, 4)
26. (S/3, S/3, S/3)
27. (2, 2, 5/2)
28. (36, 18, 18)
29. 1-3, 4, 4252, (3, 4, 425), 1-4, 3, -2002, 14, -3, -2002
30. (400, 500)
Exercise Set 6.5
28. (4, 4, 4)
29. (s/3, s/3, s/3)
1. Comp
30. All variables appear symmetrically.
2. Sub
3. Sub
681
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
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6/20/07
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Page 682
4. Neither
22. Same as 21
5. Comp
23. Bounded by y = x2, and y = 1x, see Fig. Ex. 14
6. Comp
24. Same as 23
7. Comp
25. Bounded by y = x, x + y = 4 and y = 0, see Fig. Ex. 15
9. (5, 2)
26. Same as 25
27. Bounded by y = 2x2, y = 8 and x = 0, see Fig. Ex. 16
11. (a) (16, 81)
28. Same as 27
(b) $1728
29. Bounded by y = 3x2, y = 4 - x2 and y = 0, see Fig. Ex. 17
12. (a) (25, 800/243)
30. Same as 29
(b) $1,000
31. 64
13. (a) (2500, 2500),
32.
(b) 25,000,000
14. (200, 600)
0p1
0p1
0p2
0p2
7 0 then sub, if 0y 6 0 and
6 0 then comp,
17. (a) if 0y 7 0 and
0x
0x
0p1 0p2
if 0y # 0x 6 0 then neither
1.
2.
34. 9/7
35. 224/3
36.
1
2 ln 5
e4 - e - 3
2
38. 36
Exercise Set 6.6

y3
3xy4
2
3 - 4 + 2x y
3
2x
3x2y3
+ xy2
3 2
x
2
y
33. 216
37.
(b) neither
1
30240
39. 1
+ 3y + c1x2
40. 4/3
+ 3x + c1y2
41. 96
3. 3e + x - 2xe - 3xy + 5x + c1y2

3y2
2
2
2
2
x1x + y - 12 21 - x - y2
3
y1x2 + y2 - 12 21 - x2 - y2
3
42. 7/6
4. 3exy - 2ey + 2xy -
+ 5y + c1x2
43. pa2h
5.
+ c1x2
44. (a) 1/16
6.
(b) 15/64
+ c1y2
45. (a) 1/186624
7. 22/3
(b) 323/60279552
8. 22/3
46. 1/4
9. 528
10.
13897
168
47. 1/4
48. 1/128
11. (a) 8
50. 18
(b) 512/3
51. 3
12. (a) 36
(b)
14148
5
52. 4
53. 256/3
13. (a) 9
54.
(b) 9
188
35
55. (a, d)
14. (a) 1/3
(b, d)
(b) 37/21
15. (a) 4
(b) 16
(a, c)
16. (a) 32/3

(b)
56. 64
2048
21
58.
17. (a) 8/3

(b)
59.
1504
105
60. -19/2
18. (a) 28/3

(b)
e4 - 1
2
1
2 ln 2
61. 6
3016
15
19. (a) -1 x 3, and 2 y 4
62. 1/144
Chapter Review
20. 2 x 3 and -1 y 2
2
21. Bounded by y = 6x and y = x see Fig. Ex. 12.
1. (a) 21
(b) 4
Value =(b - a)(d - c)

(b, c)
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Page 683
Chapter 6 ReviewSection A.1 Answers to Exercises and Pre/Post Tests

2. (a) 64
18. -8002/105
(b) -64
19. 18
2
3. 6x12x4 + 7x2 + 32ex

4.
- y2
- 3y12x3 - y32
3 2
5. 24xy2z +
6.
20. 32/3
21.
21x + y 2
3
22.
16xyz
1x + y + z 2
2
2 3
1 - e-64
8
(a) 12
(b) 1/16
23. 10/3
Exercise Set A.1

1. (a) (i) -3
(ii) -2
(iii) 45
(iv) 3
(v) 9
(b) 11, -3, 45, 32

3
(c) 8
7.
1
2
(d) 3 * 4
2. (a) 4 * 5
(b) 58
43
5.31
(c)
35
54
3
3. (a) -6
27
8.
-6
-420
(b)
0
-2
3
2
(c)
105
0
1
2
135
1.5
243
-9
0
3
3
2
22
-0.62
-74
-22
-94
-18
- 12
-10
47
2
9
2
1
8
5
2
9
24
-108
-10
4
-86
- 11
2
27
21
2
0.155
5
2
37
2
11
2
-1
43
2
9
2
57
2
-42
-24
-18
-114
4. (a) 15.2, 2.7, 3.4, -0.5, 2.1, 0.82, 13.1, 1.9, 0.9, 1.2, -1.67, -0.22
(b) (8.3, 4.6, 4.3, 0.7, 0.43, 0.6)
9. y = 4x - 7
10. rel min 14/3, 2, 182

1
11. saddle point (0, 0, 0), rel min 16, -9, -1082
12. (a) rel max (7/3, 5/3, 17)
(b) f17/3, 5/32 - f17/3 + h, 5/3 + k2 = h2 + 1h - k22 + k2 0
13. Substitutes
14. (a) (20, 640)
(b) $3200
15. (4, 8)
16. (216, 108, 24)
17. (2, 12, 16, 416)
(c) the corresponding entries are the same.

70
5. (a) J = 40
45
10
3
12
105
(b) T = 70
125
4,200
(c) Jc = 2,400
2,700
35
F = 30
80
7
8.5
9
17
11.5
21
600
180
720
2,100
Fc = 1,800
4,800
7. x = 1, y = -7/3, z = 0, w = -14
420
510
540
683
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
684
7
10
13
16
- 13
b
- 13
1
1
1 12
17 a
B = a
Exercise Set A.2

1. (a) Undefined
-2
-15
(b)
-3
-20
-2
-9
2. (a)
0
-23
(b) a
4. (a) a
(b) a
9
15
z
-5
49
-1
b
-5
2
4
10
b
14
-1
14
-9
-11
1
20
5.
9
55
7
25
5
37
-2
b
-4
1
-1
4
b
22
-31
-15
40
-176
6. Undefined
-12
10
10.
35
-47
6
-28
-29
35
-6
-25
11.
-5
-36
20
70
14
104
-28
-49
12.
15
-169
0
1
19
b, B =
-43
35
12. x = -3/7, y = 16/7
3. (a) a
Page 684
1
32
13.
15
49
-1
0
1
2
5
8
9. R =
11
14
11. A =
10:25 AM
Section A.1A.3 Answers to Exercises and Pre/Post Tests
0
1
8. R =
2
3
10. A = a
6/20/07
43
45
-36
212
- 23
4b
3
1
17 a
9
-12
10
b
-11
-27
-35
20
-152
14. a
5
-25
28
b
66
15. a
93
263
94
b
76
16. a
-1
-2
-5
12
17. a
1
-7
10
b
23
18. a
-34
76
0
11
-1
b
-13
12
b
-44
-1
HG = -3
-5
19. GH = 25,
-3
-2
20. GH = 15, HG =
-1
-5
2
6
10
9
6
3
15
4
12
20
21
14
7
35
3
2
1
5
21. x = 3 or 9
1
25. (a) 1
3
2
x
3
3 y = 5
2
z
0
-1
-2
-1
(b) x = -3/2, y = 12, z = 5/2

1
27. (a) 2
-5
2
5
-10
-2
x
3
1 y = -2
9
z
12
(b) x = -305, y = 127, z = -27

(c) u = 35, v = -18 w = -164
29. a
.32
b
.36
.68
.64
(b) a
.6672
.6656
(c) a
.66666752
.66666496
2
(d) a 32
3
.3328
b
.3344
.33333248
b
.33333504
1
3
1b
3
Exercise Set A.3

Answers are in the order (x, y, z, w, t) unless otherwise indicated.
1. 19, -12
2. 196/31, -85/312
3. 1-1, 3, 22
4. 1-2, 7, 42
5. 1-1, 1/2, -1/32

6. 1-2, 1, -32
7. 11, 2, -42
8. 11, -1, 22
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 685
Section A.3A.4 Answers to Exercises and Pre/Post Tests

9. 11, -1, 22
-55
36. (a) 23
-5
10. 1-2, -9/2, 1/22

11. (8, 9, 6, 0)
12. 1-2, 1, 3, 5/22
14. 16, -3, 7, 4, 12
15. 1c, v, a2 = 13, 5, 72

16. a = 700, b = 100, c = 70
17. 20 type A, 2 type B, 8 type C
18. 594
19. 385
20. 24 dimes, 34 nickels, 36 pennies
21. 35/qt.milk, 90/doz. eggs, 45/loaf bread.
1 -2
4a
3
b
-1
23. a
92
1
37. - 16
98
138
-30
131
23
38. X = a
-17
b
-12
1
0
1 -11
9a
26.
1
4 -4
4
b
-1
2
0
-1
-2
4
-1
6
3
-9
29
2
9
20
(b) 14 -20
-16
0
4
4
-8
10
7
20
-12
-10
1
15 -8
3
-1
-8
2
-7
1
-2
5
21
-28
8
5
-9
12
-47
51
1
30. 66
14
25
-12
6
12
12
-14
18
14
-8
43
-27
-10
1
-11
b
-9
5
5
1 -9
10 a
-5
(c) 15 a
35. (a)
2
-5
-6
(c) there will be a unique solution as long as the lines are not parallel.
44. Show T - I is singular.
20
-25
-35
30
16
3
6
7
6
43. (a) ad - bc Z 0
-16
15
1
29. 50
43
-24
34. a
-2
Y = 14 -5
2
(b) -a/b, -c/d
4
1
28. 19
5
2
(b)
-8
4
8
4
b
-4
41. A-1B
27. None
31. (a) a
-7
10
11
8
6
40. (a)
24. None
25.
Y = a
1
-7
-2
-2
39. X = 14 2
8
4
1
b
0
0
1
-12
5
-1
x
-1
(b) y = 2
z
4
13. 1-1, 2, 7, 3, -42
22.
-2
1
0
2
b,
1
-4
3
6
b
4
7
1
2
26
-5
-2
(b) X = 13 2
-1
-1
0
-1
47. (a) 14, -6, 112

-6
(b) X = -3
2
4
2
-1
-2
1
0
-3
-2
1
Exercise Set A.4

1. Inconsistent
11
b
5
-3
1
46. (a) 12, 1, -32
2. Inconsistent
1 4
2a
-16
14
4
x
1
(b) y = 1
z
-1
3
b
1
3. (1/2, 3/2)
4. Inconsistent
5. 113/4 + k/4, 5k/4 + 1/4, k2

6. Inconsistent
17
-10
-1
7. (13/10, 21/10)
8. 12, 1, -12
9. 12, 1, -12
10. Inconsistent
11. 117/3 + k/3, 4k/3 - 1/3, k, -22
12. 1-2 - 7k/3 + 6l, 7 - k/3, k, l2

13. (1, 3, 3)
685
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
686
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 686
Section A.4Chapter Review Answers to Exercises and Pre/Post Tests
14. 11, 1, -12
15. 1-103 - k, k, 96, 232
16. 19 + 2k - 5l, -5 + 3k + 4l, k, l2
17. 123/2 + 2k - l/3, -27/4 + k/2 + 2l/3, k, -6 + 2l/3, l2

18. Let x, y, z be the number of $1, $2, and $4 ties respectively,
x = 2000 + 2k, y = 5000 - 3k, z = k, where k = 0, 1, 2, , 1666. If
y = 2000, then x = 4000 and z = 1000.
19. (a) c = 7 and k Z -2
(b) c Z 7
(c) c = 7 and k = -2
(d) 112 - l, -7/2 - l/2, l2

20. (a) c = 4 and k Z 8
(b) c Z 4
(c) c = 4 and k = 8
(d) 12 - l, 2 - l, l2
Chapter Review
1. A =
1 23
a
17 -9
2. a
6
2
1
6
3. a
22
-15
2
23
15
b
22
B =
1 -4
a
17
6
-7
13
7
b
-8
-15
b
29
4. (a) AB = I
(b) 1-269, 114, -232
5. 12, -3, 32
7. A-1 =
-2
1 2
5
A - A + 2I = 1
4
4
-3
8. No solution
9. a -
20
6
26
1
z, +
z, zb
11
11
11
11
10. (a) c = -95 and k Z 88/37

(b) c Z -95
(c) c = -95 and k = 88/37
(d) 14/37 - 13z, 68/37 + 67z, z2
6
-1
6
6
-2
7
7
b
-10

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7360639_ANS_603-686.

Section 0.10.2 Answers to Exercises and Pre/Post Tests

23. 15x - 192/2

26. 5/91F - 322

28. 12A - ah2/h

10. 12x - 52/3

35. 531, 32, 336

36. 517, 19, 216

Exercise Set 0.1

Section 0.20.3 Answers to Exercises and Pre/Post Tests

Exercise Set 0.2

Exercise Set 0.3

10. 1x + 5/222 - 25/4

13. -1 ; 211, -4.317, 2.317

16. 3 ; 26, 0.551, 5.449

17. -3 ; 2 23, -6.464, 0.464

Section 0.30.4 Answers to Exercises and Pre/Post Tests

18. 4 ; 2 25, -0.472, 8.472

19. 6 ; 2210, -0.325, 12.325

10. 17, -3, 02

5. 15, 27, -102

7. 15, 10, -142

Answers in 115 are in the form (a, b, c)

Exercise Set 0.4

3. 15, -8, -122

12. 13, -2, -132

13. 18, -14, -222

14. 160, -152, 712

16. -1 ; 211, -4.313, 2.317

17. -3 ; 26, -0.551, -5.449

40. -2, 3/2

18. 1 ; 211, -2.317, 4.317

41. -3/2, 2/3

19. 3 ; 26, 0.551, 5.449

42. -3/4, 4/3

20. -3 ; 223, -6.464, 0.464

43. -5/2, -4/3

21. 4 ; 2 25, -0.472, 8.472

46. -5 ; 221, -9.583, -0.417

2. 6 ; 2 210, -0.325, 12.325

52. 2.34 sec

30. -1 ; 2 27, -6.29, 4.29

53. 16.2 m by 6.2 m

5. 1.664 or 198.336 sec.

42. -2, 3/2

Section 0.5 Answers to Exercises and Pre/Post Tests

44. -3/4, 4/3

45. -5/2, -4/3

48. -5 ; 221, -9.583, -0.417

53. 5, 6, 7, or -7, -6, -5

54. 11, 13, 15, or -15, -13, -11

17. x -3/2 or -1 x 5/3

60. 82 and 94 miles

61. (a) 3.584ft (b) 12.832ft by 16.832 ft

21. -4/3 x 3/2

62. 10 and 12 mph

23. x -3/2 or x 4/5

64. (a) 50, 150 (b) 100 (c) 5000

24. -3/2 6 x 6 4/5

65. (a) 18, 47 (b) 15, 50

25. x -5/4 or x 5/6

26. -5/4 6 x 6 5/6

71. 512, 19683

41. x 6 2/3 or 5/2 6 x 6 4 or x 7 4