THERMOFLUIDS II

BASIC REFRIGERATION

TGK 2011

Note: In question 3 you are asked to use the P-h diagram. Use data from the Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Fluids for the other questions. 1. Refrigerant 13 a is the !orking fluid in a "arnot #apour refrigeration cycle. The e#aporator temperature is -1$ $". %aturated #apour enters the condenser at $ $" and saturated liquid e&its at the same temperature. If the mass flo! rate of refrigerant is 3 kg'min calculate( )i* the refrigeration effect. )ii* the !ork done +y the compressor )iii* the coefficient of performance. ),.-. k/0 1.,3 k/0 ..1,* 1. In a #apour compression refrigeration cycle the refrigerant enters the compressor as a dry saturated #apour at -1. $" and lea#es the condenser as a saturated liquid at 1. $ ". The compression is isentropic. 2ra! a schematic of the plant and the thermodynamic cycle on T-s and p-h a&is. "alculate the refrigeration effect and the "3P for( a* Refrigerant 11 +* Refrigerant 414 )ammonia* c* Refrigerant 13 a )111.4 k5'kg0 .. 30 1114 k5'kg0 ..1,0 1.. k5'kg0 ..3 * 3. 6 #apour compression refrigerator using refrigerant 13 a operates +et!een the pressure le#els $.4 +ar and 7 +ar. The !orking fluid enters the compressor at -1$ $" and lea#es the condenser as saturated liquid. The isentropic efficiency of the compressor is $.-. a* sketch the cycle on T-s and P-h diagrams. +* use the R13 a P-h chart to find( )i* the e&it temperature from the compressor )ii* the refrigeration effect )iii* the "3P )3.4 80 1 3 k5'kg0 1.- *
$ . 6 heat pump using ammonia as the !orking fluid takes in heat at " . $ "ondensation takes place at 3 ". The fluid lea#es the compressor !hich can +e considered isentropic0 in a superheated condition at - $". It lea#es the condenser as saturated liquid. %ketch the cycle on T-s and P-h a&is and calculate( )i* the condition of the ammonia at the compressor suction. )ii* the compression !ork input per kg.

)iii* the "3P )dryness fraction9$.7.0 11..13 k5'kg0 7.3* .. 6 #apour compression heat pump system uses refrigerant 13 a as the !orking fluid. The refrigerant enters the compressor at 1.1 +ar0 $ $" !ith a mass flo! rate of 1.1 kg'min and lea#es at 1$.1,3 +ar and ,$ $". %aturated liquid e&its the condenser. "alculate( )i* the po!er input to the compressor )ii* the heating capacity of the system )iii* the isentropic efficiency of the compressor. )$.-1. k/0 3.4 k/0 $.-1* ,. 6 #apour compression refrigeration system uses R13 a as the !orking fluid and is designed to meet a cooling load of .k/. The refrigerant enters the compressor at 1.1 +ar and $$". 6t the e&it of the compressor the pressure is 11., +ar. The isentropic efficiency of the compressor is $.-. 6ssume that the liquid after condensation is undercooled +y 1$ 8. 2ra! the cycle on T-s and p-h a&is and calculate( )i* the temperature at the e&it of the compressor )ii* the mass flo! rate of the refrigerant )iii* the "3P of the cycle. ), .,. o"0 $.$33 kg's0 3.3* 4. 6 refrigeration system uses R13 a as the !orking fluid and includes a liquid-tosuction heat e&changer. The heat e&changer can !arm the saturated #apour coming from the e#aporator from -1$ o" to $ o" using saturated liquid !hich e&its the condenser at 31 o". )i* "alculate the "3P !ith and !ithout the heat e&changer. )ii* If the compressor is capa+le of pumping 11 l's of refrigerant measured at the compressor suction calculate the refrigeration effect !ith and !ithout the heat e&changer 6ssume that the compressor is isentropic )..10 .. 0 14.7 k/0 17.74 k/* -. 6 t!o-stage heat pump operating on the cascade principle dra!s lo! grade heat from ri#er !ater for the supply of .$$ k/ of high grade heat to a hospital. Using ammonia as the !orking fluid0 the e#aporator operates at 1 o" saturation temperature. The !orking fluid in the condenser coil is R13 a and is at -. o" saturation temperature and lea#es the condenser !ith 1$ 8 su+cooling. In the cascade heat e&changer0 the saturation temperature of ammonia and R13 a are .$ o" and 3. o" respecti#ely !ith no su+cooiling of the ammonia. 2ra! the cycles on T-s and P-h a&is. 6ssuming that +oth refrigerants enter the compressors as saturated #apour0 and the isentropic efficiency of compression is -$:0 determine(

)i* the po!er input to the compressors )ii* the heat remo#ed from the ri#er !ater )1-. k/0 31.., k/*