ORACLES

IN ANCIENT
I.

EGYPT

Bv r\YT,WARD nl. RLACKIIAN, ])'Lt't"t"

PaPYrus

B'M' IO335'
pt'ague, suggesied that

D.. erny .f Itabher more than a ycar ago my friend, On my rnentioning this to ?rofesso' Ieet' o.u"les. rnake . special study of nn"ioniEgypti*rt b*t ptoposctl thai I sho.ld deal rvit[ t'he he noi only corclially encouraged-i[e entcrprisc, to find room in Lhis Jotrnal. ,-utj..t in,,.c.ies of articles, ior which hc prornised 1\fonsieur-I3oretrx, obained squeczcs oI. lasb year I lravc, by tlre courtesy of
During tlie
the Bentreslt,

should

and Monsieu| Gauthicr Stelu' and, the Stela"qf Bu'nislmrctit'' Monsieur Lacau collation of the Stela o'f Slteslt'onlc' which is in have most kindly f'urnished me',uitlt a nerv plye{. *.t ty disposal -the collation thc Cairo l\Iuscurnr, and l)r. Graporv has generously of Naville's copy of the Paynozcrn II rrlrde fr-rr thc Berlin Dictiontry by Prot'essor sethe rterv versions of oiirer l'cxts rls rvell' oracular i'scription ab Karnakl. i ltou" also sccu.otl will nppear in thc-''Io&nrol in due course' :lntl 1'hcse, together wibh translat,ions and notcs, .li*uttttt, anel the results of the enquiry the rvhole material thus collected will be fully summed up, in a final article' ,,. , ,r -^-."^- Paqtyrus, n D^^^,^^,. no' 10335' -,. tn Britislr' Museum This lirst article deals with the very importanb generosity ext'reme the to ent'irely i, due That I am in a posit,ion thus to make ube of ;t Peet. that I contemplated engaging Professor from hearing o,, of Mr. W. n. uu*.o,,, *ho, riisposal his copy of the documen; in this particular br*nch of ,"r"ur"ti placed at, my in the Joimal, an6 asked me to undertake which he originally himself intended to publish work in one of rny art'icles' thc translation ancl lo,,,*"ntury, trrd ihr,s incorporate -his a great deal of. trouble over the trrrDscripThis is especially kind of hiDt, as he has takcn

tiorrofthepapyrusandhasul.ogon"tothcexpenseofhavirrgitllhobographcd. I colht'ed ,fhe plates rcpr<iducing the tcxt '|vu"." p."1r'urcd by. n[r'. I)aivson, a'nd t'hcsc .".ultiug correclions will be founcl in rviL6 bhc origirral docurninb last Ap'il ; u i"n' lil<e to say t'hat rvhilc I rvas rvot'liing 0n thc lbotnobes to my transla,tion. I should here to discuss virrious dilliculties rsilh the translation r h"J the privilegc of being ablc
Professor Peet.

,Ihc clocurnent is fulty <iesclibctl albove, pp.247-8,ty_lVIr. Darvson an<l no rddii'ion u'hnt hc has saitl is noccssaty het'c' Pls' XXX\I-XXXYIII' I !
Soc l]ttr,rs'ltD, Ila:ords,lII, SS 429 II' Scc o7;. cit., Iv, nS$ 651) {.l. :J Sco op. cit., w, SS 675 If' rvith rrotr: cl 'r S(rc (,p. cil., rv, S$ (;71 lI:

tcr

ol p

325'

i'
I

tl
I

]ffiiN*sM{xJ1,'

:t50

AYLWITI) NI. I]LAUKI\{AN

'Ilrt,ntst,,rltoN.
Seconcl

Iiecfo

regnttl uett'r, third' ntonth-.oJ' Alc.lrct' f'rst to nrr'tt u7 ru-t'")i"lv" at h gutd'Lv 1'"t;'ai

2
3

ttltt\.mo.de ne o.bi.<le lterc in. l'e-l(hery of o' clratoittq" his rlues'; tutd' trten cttn unto 'n-' 'iou"
fi-onr.

ttty, ltne)', lLnt'ir'n o.f 1'e'Iiltenty'

lyl-t'''l'

bclouecl lorrl

of the'" 'l'lLe o1)ersecr of tlrc cu'ttle antt[ stun'e-ltotse the citizens"(?), grurd'ing.his tu'tics of colou'etl clath"\

ti'

drly'

'l'1rc seruant-Annntetmtia oltpelletl:'

the

i';*1.'1t

llrn{nt" snying: " Ilcly

me. lty gorit, arl

uery

belouerl lord. utilti,l,ul,,',,--ttiv

"'"a tnen btuh ttrcit' theft?"

tt"to'7t*

Anrl the god'

n'od'dccl

greotll"''
n1tt,t

rltlr,{glrLtltcLr;r,osirrtlrooriqirlLl"ttii"'l
2 sce,hntt-t.(
4 '1 ntrtnrtt.tl-irt ttL **

/. -\ ., ^ ,, ..1,.,, -..+r,^r r1,,,,, .':- .. ' ' if ,'"f"rrrthtnotrtlt'rrttlrcLtl!rtr',,"llrrrllDron!rr'

r^
(

'

Kf1fl^

,.

a st:tl'ltc of Atrt'ltct'rlrel' at'l'uliti on ^""'-''r;"rr ^n & st.i*c ,'otcd' rs,ccr*ri.g

j

(I!ntlrlscIt,I)ict.g,io11r.,1Zltl).J)rlrrsorrrol,crstllcto(lRlr.rllTII,Cta|ogtleofDentoticl,apyriinllylanrll' Lihranl, trt,48 (srtir rrotr: 2), 2oi , .. r^....r^ ,r-.ii,,arn,t to its locn I'c'l(lrcrrtyistlviilrlutlyrurlistric|,tlf,l,lrcbesrvillrr'tctup.lcrlcr]icrtc.l-toi|slocalAnrrrlrnn.lcr,utairrirrgl

.'i:xhl'*:;*l1n*ill;;if,llT:IlJ'il,.;,i':l'r'[l;lirj..il;"''
tcrn|lc of

tltl.of tho ",,.n,ut ,nurrtl, ,,f khct

'

.nl1' (ll|t', rv,.821; llnn'tsrr:v' zcitscl'r' 'f' "l;;],;',i*J" iiq.s,r.,ri,rrr,1.,tr'r"lu,gi,,,,i,,g.ftlrcrcigrr.r,fllrr'r,:"*Jsltlitl,cg,urottlltertittckrcrtl'.ty.ft'at trvetrtt'-frtttr Lla'1's l thc cnfl tl;ry of the f,,llt,wirrg rro:rth, t)rus lastirrg lrrorrilr nrxl rverrt or till thc tNclfth lifhcrrt'h tlruy of thc tlrird the on ct"lit'g lry ltirn to tsr:rti;' ""t""lf"il"' if"t" of tlre rcigtr it rvm lcrtgthcnctl Alr)rl'rs' lha l'iunlhy A" i, *t,,,u.,'ir;:ilir.'ll"^tir,,nry Itno.tiption 't ruontl (lt*r:rsrn ,, Iiu7,ordr,rr, 1,. r:t.r;. ttt\l tlte uorotruttoTt l.lll), fls. 41, ,1pr.i ag. z,,t'ts,:i,r. .t. ,srel@, thc nuo.tpt;"i""j )vrb,,:rnr.r1 .lsnrrrr:, t:corrlirrg to thc fostivrl' nt.tlu" nfi"i"t" *" l,inrsclf tlrc lirstival' htsuilttion n1 tt..r,,r.irt,,' tlr"i'hrrroir "-i,".tlai| fcttttrc'f blrc''^lt:*l:l]l]ll];* i' prn,fi,',,,rtlf tr:ruplc rlf l,iqntllJ stelu,ri,,""'zi, r., rhc I'h.*roh fig,,.o,l*,1" frolu tlc.turr'le ufI(t'tt'tk to tir. god's irntgc thc *1i"h gre ir tlrc ou namoly 1,ro"""aiun "ut,",'y,t,i t'cr:tttring " l-igltt tts' i"sctiitiit"t irtfoLtrts tlt" Iltxor, lris " sottthcrrr /lariar"' this ptn"""*itt" 'tu "'t"" to thc 'santc trttth'rit't'' take arcr;rding rilsr, fh,;;;;,i;';;;;ht Th" ()f tlro (i.c., evc?) ,,rtr,,, r*ii.^r-"itr, a l.lur'int." r'ilurr<i',r' '. t'lrc scc.rtrl dtry l,^ck to K,rr',rk,"hi"l, """,,;;;;i;i;t,i'" tit"" "1 prrt irr grc tlrc..l'r'xcssiorr trr Ltrror lo.k Abytlos, rLt r,f lihct. Accordirg to tlre Dcrlitttot:l'i,,-r'r,tli;n;r llrirrl norrt''r.ccssio^ Iu':riltiort of l<lrct; tlrus, sirtcc ^"""'tl;t'* Io Llr t,"n,,ty-tJ,i.a rtay of the sccor,,l DrrlLl, of tLc oD <rf li'ct' citl()r /\rtrn' ilf lrlacc tno''.tl'iri tft" a^r' ti.*l t'c u' Thot,cs lcfi "f lyebtrattetteJ tt',reJscs 1I the tit'c of I'irr.khy' or Iorg in tr* s",itr,".,r Iltu'int *s it tlid in I{rrrrlk,s in,"ge ,ti,l ,rot, t,l,err reurri, s, this lc'gt'hy festival not irr ePisorlc tlr*t pr,r"", t. K;;;;;;,r,i. the kirrg lcft bcf.re ilrc |roccssi.n 1,.,r.
arrrl laslctl

]'tt"" 1"";;;;;*n'nn"lu"u'l'

vt"

rl11

i"'g""' itr

t'ht:

"::,.u" l:l]':,"::^:'rt tir.c of 'l'ut'lun0sis III' .n tho tifteotttf;

f,"'

clsc

il;;:';l]Xl::;-?,illtillil,T,:jl:.llT'l'1,:i:i'lii.,n",,o

'trri*r rcc"rdirrg to l')gr|tirD of ll[r[csscs ]I,;1,;;,,,i'" i!r,,gc rclrtriucd tlrcrt' rrrouth, as it rlirt in tlr0 rt,igrr vurk' ligyptian an t""ttt'uit'g, ten tla1 s' i'c'' errctll'

ur urc rwrrtv

d.v.r

trrc scc'rrxr

""'"'*5.\Xffi[=lttxiKrm] -:
'"

'

u *r:':e "r ' A"'\q)

I

];::l]]:,,,
,'

rrorrr,rr.'v i',,'scrirrcrr

i*

',,iunn

"*''' /

f) e .r..^,- tlrc rl,^ tlttcs ,lrrr'< fr'trr fr',,rrr t'lrt 1l',' sl llo st"lclle tlrcrv t{)' l-'7 rr-. ; lror tlris rtotrl scc (l^RDINI':lt, Zcitsitt' J t:ig' )Sl)?."' (sc0 bclrn" p 25 1' rrotc 9)' rrrttlortrrtcnt ituu1'lc 1J'" fu'ntittg t't"tl" st:c hoilscs itrttl lussibly alsr: t""" plt.st,'t,,,p. ,llo.i"r, ;,4. i; Il, 11. lfor ltf'! "tutric," '(sltilt"' s 1i111 si ,,coloru.cd "tntrr,,*no
.,1

flu*Af 3c.,,1

;c,'rlritt

aaslrtsi,
1r

t,

25.

Se. rly

i ; )t'illct' ' B'

1

i.

ro

llrirrl< r.rslrrrultl

u*' llrtlrrtst:ril'erl \ <:->

ic' rvitllrut PlrrrrLl sLlrkcs'

n4i.wr4

Oll,til,I,lS IN .\NCIONT Itcyp't' 1 .

25r

tlntl the serwtttt Anttrnetttttiu, relteuterl to lrim (the ,,unes ,,.f ) ull tlte Tteople o.f tlrc totuttslrip; o'ncl tlrc goLI nodderl' ut (tlLe rnme of) tlrc /urtner I'etlnLtenttlutttlttz, sttyirtg: " It is 5 lu wln stole tlLern." And tlLe Jful'ilLet' ?etluntenrliu,tttun sul it', tlte pt.esence of tlte gotl: It i.t.fulse, it is nttt f tt'ho iula tltent." lntl tltc god uus c,tceeding utrotltt. ti lnr'tLer tinte tJre -Tlrnteri f)elltuuendiuntun u'cttt bqlbre ^lntln ttf' 'l'e-Sltenyt", stt.yittg: ' I ttn (nou') niqh untrir\!\ )itt/ (tt:'tt ilu,l, u'hererts f utttt to th,: olltr, Ir' Itrinq /rrli,r./ilr:...! 7 ut,tt Lis crturt." And tlte gtii rn,tlJetl ut hint t'n tlis ntennu's, suyittg: " It is he uho took tl,en." Andtlrclitrtnet'PJtuuenLlitntuLsuid:"Itit.litlsc.":lntlthogadsuid:"'l'rl'chint E ltaft're Anrot of' llulyenen'r irt the ltresarca o1f nuutytl'tuitttcsses." List tlnreo/: 'l'lLe tcpresentatiue of tlte ()ue1';eer oJ'tlrc cu,ttle of tlrc tentlile ttJ'liittg (Jsertnu(rc(-Jfiunturt. itt. the ]Iouse of' -tlrtrltrt, I'ttyity; tlLe clef creJftsnlutl oJ' the tenqtle,
Nebnoftn'

Yr:no

1
.ftr

the hench,ntttn oJ'the tentple , tlnt'uttAlttt(tt.

And, ltestt'orlyetoirceaguin.before /nt.'unof I'e-IilLetttyittlLisgootlly.festiuLlof lihoiu:|1", the tlirtl tittet't...; rttxl l,e cricLI su.ttittg: " Ilelp nrc, Atttnn oJ' Ite-Khcnty, ttt,y lJood utLd

I consicierrrblc porLion of tf," \\ i" "till visiLlo tttrtlcr tltc ,**. _tt\ I l)iurvsorr lroiuts ottl tLrLt Lhis lr{u)o oecurs it I'Ltp, Jud. 'I'urt, -1, l). i 'l'1,q1 gg of (\ ,,re still t iril,1". -)\\ I ]iot. lL,ltu "Lc rvloth" see.lrtrrslrtst, l, 6. (i 7 ; Uutnin, 1. /+tj ; 2. lrj; l\rt. Iibl. )'ut., l9tl, )l,rtinr,s d'1tii,2. it ; I'rtp Ltursittg, lD.7 ; 'l'hcre ir r trtce of tltc scoorrl Q ard tlr: tlrirtl is iutrct.
,t l,ikc l'o-l(henty, tliscusscd tl urlc, ir. f
r-)o,

2. 1;

uote

l,

Tc-SLcrrl t lilust be i\ tlist

ricl

of 'f

hchs uith its lotrl

II&ve \\'e lrcrc

rr

[,unglcrl

l litirrg fu.m

,,f

m\\ i\ JI\ -tr\

.*, tll

tl,c scri\,c Irrlirrg

,rr'rit tc(l thc xr bcftrru /r, ;rrrrl

tlicrr lrrLviug cltattgcrl Tg irrf,.

li

iu a slovotrl;,rrrlrrlcr? Sec irceorrrpiiuyirrg lucsiruiltr:

i
b I cttrrrot rerrl tlris grorLI) ; soo nceorrtplrrying fircsirrri
rei

,",

t(l

L!fr1 lfu . r,ur'or,tt'orrrirrg

* fl .,,,t q ltrl

rosr

-n lie&d,Ln

plu ilrir. 'flre \\ irr 7rly is

crrrt:uirr,

tlrcrc is rrotlrirrg rrrissirrg. ,l'lrc

at tlrc

lrcgirrrrirrg of lirrc 7 are

l0 l)u).terrcrr

tlso r:crtlir I t]rc tr';Lcr:s srrit N ruust llso be r rlistrict I'ith its local Anrnrr;

<>

see ;tbove, rroto {i

rr

llcrrl '

tO,((

XI

t;

scc ircconll)iuryir)g facsintile

l' Cclebraterl otr tlrc first tl,ry of ilrc Jir.st rnorrth of tlro sccorrrl reusorr (Prt)yet), ru lcslivirl irrlinrttcly cortltcctcd rvith tlrc kirrgslrip, IL wrus rcqlrrletl ac thc drLts of'uho acccssi,rr of llonrs arrtl thercfrrrs as tlrc
tlreoreticnldateofrcee*iorr

oflll lig;'ptirLu kings (scc(lrtulvlrr, ,Iourtrd,tr,l2')f.)lr lfor tlte utrrtililctl group of siurx tftr:r.rp lt tlrc cld of lirre 2 sce ;rccrrrrrltanyirrg facsituilc: AN ('rrr rvc lclrl pJ hc"e urrd trrrrslato ,,the t,hirtl tirne of sttuding,,?
A JJ

252

AYLWi\RD

Il.

BLACI(NIAN

the god, norldecl wry. .g|c.atly" sIyxng : lteloaed, lortl ! Is tt I wln tool;' tlrc clotlt,es !" tltul ltiln' itt the 1tt'esence Ancl he toolc hint' anrl ittflictecl chustisernent on " It is he uho toolt them." s:yi?t!: ','"!.t is who the gorl"s an' octttt'

of the town.snen' And Le 7r,ro,'o'"ced

10

.Nout ,,i,i;l',,i,'.,o,::;;;.;:;,:;ii;,'g'(i,,,1,l,u,,"u,-SaiPne|,o('f,,I,en|terltler',..,,::.i,"!.'::':^.,,:: ";,,,::;;;:;#";')''|"7"tt,r),*i,"'''tb,oud' usui" niu'Ii hii" .''o'ouu"c Lttt' outtt' sovins: " If

I'e-"'s' llte nelyte ol PerJla (?)n,' toolc tltenr," in' tlte Ttresence nf tl'e people of ',!:t"!l:"",: ',i7ir|illi,,,1i,;;; {;;;:'';;,;i ii,"1'ti t't'ti, t'an^eriiu tlnrt !:: l:! }':';:!j.oi""!f "7 "vin', : i,i,o^, ilti.n.t,an'actno.wted'y1,t\ *':':.'.o:,"{,:'::,:,::':,) ;;;::;:;,; ;'"'l),, ',,ii,i' tt"-u' 1i"tct;)"" '!rri,,ti'"i;;Lri'ti,ri,,, it,.u:t1s1 th,e r':!.':":^:1,.','".,!,I''i,il '',,*'ii,' i',i)ittj'sio'

ii

In'es-ence'

I so

20

hot'e suid", ruiIL be tlnotttnll to tlrc crocod'i\e'" Itncl, a,gui, 0,, u,ln,i decla,rotiotrt" lLo draggecl hint And it utus t,.i, ,on linrior|r, those associatecl uitlr his achnouletlgeuent' tlrc rtt befu'e the goct,, anrl tlteyiue'e wi'tl' ln' as ruitnesses

I lror tlrc cttrl of linc '1 scc tlrc accortr|ltlling facsirrrilc: (\. e ,*r 7 /r/' I'clow' linc 13 t*'"' lru l,o rcad;rfLcr -] Lr N i
z
f 'ry f lln crr,l ,,f litrc 5 srro
ru'

tntrrl"ttr) itlg fncsilrrilr'

t Vl,

/4e -

-z/zt

v. flint

tiflt:sitrrilcoftlrisgr.lrl1rislIcregivelr.(,W
v, fairrt

Sec trrc rc,.orupi*J.ir)s frr.sinriro

%t
I tlrirrk; y'' bcloir' lirrc
15'

Itcrrl

'RcrrlO(tl 1-@s 1.c., I(irrg Sctnakhb; ser:

irl rrlr, ea la

.>

1'cirrg ccrtrrirr,

^a lir:r'l [i
(-lrurlttlu, I'ttt'c tlts roir, III,
rtl' lirre
l

152 fl", 423'

TFI I r/ L\\-] ""u

nrr ir

otrrl

.f lirr.

l7

hD a>- ll 0 Tl o.,l l l /al "" lp_lt -_ o Il 1 1 1 rrt tlre lx'ginling

tlcarll te

At' tlro lrgi

rq

ol

lir

rc l(i l'lrc t rartscri ptiorr

.lrorrlcl
,n

f \\\ *

[ts-

.-.-'
n8

l,,rrr,lrn,l

-fr,rfl\""nt

to ltrre bectt lhc rcgrrlrr rtttrnl'ct; scc

SflrctilllllRc'

Sturlicn''89'

^.-a- is ccrlnitt, lntt rvhat js tltc sursttuctiort'? tttt lt) nntl similar orths' sec iiritl ' 7l I A S ltro nr,nnno, o1t. it ', iO n* * ro,'. rrr:rirarirc r-,1.f ,,;;;;,;,,,;,^u., 'r,
rl 'fhe lcrriirll
,ij.ril;'J,1i,,,,

|or thil |rsslge

n

(qrrotrxl

)rY

f ttl/.f !r(t) u,," n,.,,;;t; 'i"ii';iil, ",'oo*'''1" ') "3*l'i,'", i^;";;,,;';;,'i;,;;'1,;.;

forlaLtl f,rr cltrst,iscrrtettt. 'l'ltc
QrouP trlittscrilrt'rl

i6)

tttttsl

';,r

rrcfirrire

,nte

,,,i,",]i,,;" rn tlt" 1'"'1'il':']to =,4,..]:..^|.1 :,1:"I:il''':"]:ll;'",l"tii; rrriLgccrr gotr' or tr'tc prt'rINDccurcnt

is srit'to'r tlrrrs:

OITACLES
t, lrtrt:e

IN ANCIENT ]'CIYI"I'

253

.lnd, tlLc gocl cuttsecl tlte seruant Anumemtdtc to tr'tter u.n lotlt, stty'irtg: " 'l'\rc stolen' gootls ntft been reaoaered, from' lLint'."

j
j

't'tri. is:r docur.nent of exceptional interest fi'onr both t,hc religious and
poirr of vicrv.

t,he judicirrl

i '.-

, V

that there are three diiTeront Arnuns".to'rvhom appq.ql il.Tl4", iArrrnof Pc-Khenby, Arrrn of Tc-Shcn,yt,;;d-Trrft[fffikencn,-l'c-I(hcrtby,'l'c-ShonyL, io;itttEm *. i,oitii out irii" fi,otn[cs on-p1,. 250-1, thlce diffctenb "u;a.n'tfyT"i"g, 11,r..1itri". i.r Th"b... As rvill be seen frorn other docurnents that rvill bc publishcd in subsequent atticlcs, it ,..r, to have been a rcgular practice during the Llbcr ltrnipirc to appeal to tho ctrlt,ttsjudicial arrd otlier' 1i,,,,,g.* of divinities in order to otiiain n, dccisibn in all kindi of iffairs, I l'his docurnent inforrr.rs us that he irnage o1' AmLrn of Pe-l(henty rvrrs blought oub in proccssion-doubtless borne in r bort-shrine on the shoulders of his 1lr-iests-on sornc {il,y rhrling the lresbivrrl of thc flLr,ri,rn. Perhaps on the drr,y thrrb Arnun of l(arnak rvent, in pro,ccssion to Luxor all the local nrrlns werc also takerr to Luxor terrple, or in sornc wy or lr.,lhcr participatetl in the procession ; or possiblv errch Amttn hatl rr ploccssionrr,l day of his orvn during that vcr'-v lerrgthy fcstivll. ' Anyholv, as the god was being c:r,rried along by his priests, a certaitt Amtrnenruiil he found lllcsented hirnself beforo hirn, to asl< hirn to inbcrvcne in a difficulty in rvhich evidcnl,ly that belonged keeper a stole-hortse Amuncmuia was of involvecl. himsclf 'Ihis Ito thc templc of Amn of Pe-I(henty,und his roublc rvrr,s that fivc turrics of coloured clot,h, rvhich rvcre in his keepirrg, had bccn stolen lrour him. Woulcl the god rccovcl' 1br him thc stolen prt-rperty ? To this question he god noclded his irssent' i Aurnrrernuia then proceeded to read out a list, of the rlarnes of' ull bhc people of thc torvnship, and at the mention of the name of thc l'armer Pethaubrrddinin ihe god noddcd o,,d is representetl ir,s saying, "ft is he rvho stole thcm (i.e., TIC-gt-"iiii;J''Pethaucmdiamhn irnmc'liately clenietl his guilt, a,nd thereby, we rc infbrrned, uratle the god " cxcecding
fir'st, be notecl

It -igtrt

iwroth." j P"th,roemcliarnirn then appcaled to another local Amr1n, Amfrn of 'I'e-Shcnyb. UnfbrItunately in this part, of' the narrabive thele ale two very difficult groups of signs, onc of

attempb to transclibe, but thc othcr I give up entirely (see This Amun of ?c-Shenyt is apparcnly the god of Pethrurenitliirtnfitt's ]notcs 7, 8, p. 251). lorvn locality, lbr the man says : " I an1 (norv) nigh unto (?) lny own god," rvherea.s t'he tclm l,the other" seerns to rcfcr t,o Annrn of Pe-Iihcnty. What thc fivo .....s wt:rc t;hirt, 1,lle hitn obicciorrilbltl irt lh,l t,1't's ol' ilast-named god ook into his coull,, irn tct thirl, rniulc Fcthauc'mdiamn, remilins quitc obscurc'r his rrtt,crnpt to cully filvour by ir,rr lppcrLl t,o locitl scttlitrrcttt, rttttl ltrtrrrl I nut clesltite his guil, t'lrt: gotl ilr.ejudices, pethauemdiarnrln rvas conclemnecl, rlnrl, orr his still dcnying in the presence of trriury lfil;t;; tirit he should be t:r,kerr befole Amrln of Bu\eneu no linorv ; oDly t'he iist of t'ltc rvitncsses tvitncsses. what happenecl ilt tliat enquiry lve clo is giucn, this completing the tcxb of thc rccbo' ,I.he verso o"jin. by stating that Pebhruremriiatnu stood ycb again before Anrn o{' so fir'r given tls &n &ccount of only Fe-Khenty for th thirti timc. But our documenb has * much longel rr"fr intervie.v, thus showing that it consists nrcrely of cxcerpt's fi'otn

ivhich

I very hesitatingly

[*

r SgpoB1lnn

o, op. cit., ?7, rvrongly rcnders " Ich hlbe (cs) ihm uicht gestohlcn'"
,t,)

Journ. of EgYPt. Alch. xt'

254

AYLWARD M. BLACKMN
at lefb completcly-in thc <iark as to rvhat took ltlacc

ofiftcial record'Wc are accoldingly piil.un-dio*.in .r'rrrn the second encountcr bet*oc' ".,,1
a.ppeerance beforc

of Pe-Khenty' But evi6enbly

thingshadhrrppencrlthathulaffcctedthel-llarr'satbitucleofrnindTforatthis,histhird, it l who took the olobhes ? "

#;l;;;;;i"r,

rvho took thcm." IJsides ,r," gia ilnu,ld.d ver/grc"rly," s,r,yiug, " It is he i'Hi"t., castisemenb on Pethaucmdiamirn in giving ihis respon$e, ,,," g"i l, ,"ff i"'rri"" nrean thab one of mn of Pg Kheliyj::"P'i-"-?!:: the prescnce of th" iotu't''.'''cn 'I'his tnust' a Iriding' 'fhe bolting finrlly br'rkc dorvn marr the gttJ acting on t.livine inslruc""tt, t" thc ihcfu of [hc clot'hos' This assorLion ?clhrucrnrliarnun nr,.tt"*'y"J"'i ft"
=

t'hc gocl, he hinrself puts the..question"'Is

ofthego<lforthethirdtim"ethatpctha.uerndiamn\yasguilty,wnsevidentJyconvincing for thcy alc thc pcople rvho are snid to have to that pcrson'. n.u.t ftitnJ" *J tt'ppo't"tt' doubt rlso havr: hclcl hirn
would no rz ol "draggetl hirn before th"';;';i""":t"' :'n* 6'or' him was boing infliclctl' confession thc rvrung that dorvn rvhile thc gocl's cl]".iisc-cnt

"""f"tsc'l

antlso,asthcabove-quot'cdsbatcnrcntgocsolltosty'wel'e"rvithhirnasrvitnesst:slrblho frie..ls should have prrticip*led.in t'1c prrnis6acknorvhclgcr,"nt (nf g...ittl.';'"rrt,.t iti.'"t* ment,tnus|havchar]agr.c:rtcfi.cctorrPethauorndiarnirnantllttayha,vebocrrtlrefiltal over, tho god is thcn rcprc-

-p."."", a lfiicll Thc bcating in4ucernent t' him to o"r."no."i"ag" hirnsolf tliat Pctlauern4irr,inun had confcssetl his guili r,fr" 1,""if" sc'tedas hirnsclf t"f f",g "thc gallnents the stolen goods, rvhichntc spokcn of as an<l hrd macle a lrromisc to restore of Pharaoh'?." I'cthaucmtiiamir:^t":l*l'll::1 bcating ancl humiliation did-not cor'rltlcte

I I

;il'ffi P"r'!re'u'ei' "'.,'1''rl::li'i^:t:l:'::':,',',:l;l#:; ';-;;;;J' nlitr'icbctt "i".kr.', ^*J'""t:T:uii;:;";;;;;, }iH"'':;-';:;';;'ui;g "" :::tL': l"::::,J;,,":::""ti'lii'J rrim srvear. ,r' ocrh bhnt he would not, go back ,",,i" r;";_;i'r,,J :trffa:'ilil:; to the.crr.rcotlilen nn lti. .tot",r',.:nt on pain of bt:ing throrvn t: ltsvY':l'-l:,i:l t:f'll:1:: grimpse
I

ii"::3?l;l'Y;';;i;:;^;;'i";;';ing """""'H":";il,:l,Jffi"#il;;ilS;
""ti;fi:fit;"i,ii:i:.,o,1J;"
the cabir conb:rining
tr-,o

--- -..^.

r,i. g:';Tr "n,r ,ven a'lter rerrrirrtcrrruriLLr T:,:'1,:t]",:ti]:: lhrlt' hc hacl srvcr lr an o'alh to thc cffcct Alttutternula tunics, the gocl mtdc the plaintiff
srarernc.rs rh,,'rrc gutl knorv rvhar exacrly is meanr bv trrc to uso of supplirrnts a'ppcaling to l1 divinity nodtlerl. Such rcproscnt.ti;i,';-i- *r" p.,r.".u",I bor.rrc on the shoulders of sevornl priests, irnage !1c-rcfcr3-c' i,rr^g. lr"ing covercri by a curtrin and thc rvas rvibhdlirrvn rvhcn curt,ain the lhat liorvcvcr, i,,rJgi.r", l,1 .noi o.r" invisible. r.ernaining t"li"{ bhat thc priests rvotkcd some SontrT'nr11e the oracle rvas actu:r,lly being rlelivered, anrl
I

p.n'"i.o,l

"r

,"

ffi:1;-;;,,i^;-r.pn,r.",.hu,o u. a boat,-shrinc

itsclf'

'

tna<lethelre:rtlofthcirrrrrgelrorl.0r:Ifcwcto.Sl.IPlnsetfia,tthcstlcrc<lborrbitsclfr.ockcdl

;;;i;;,i;

rrrc givcn to rndcrstrrrrrl t,htt tl'o irrragc of 'n:: gglll'.tt-:lll-!g['-fi:l#;it:l:{!lt-:ilid-tir'l' -l;ilil'r cottrso' rrotn 'tll" '"lf i]l or rhnt. l'rcsrrrn;,bl)'. t',".;;;;:;".;;;;f;;a;i;;"li;;;;i r Scc lJrttratt's rctntu l<s, Zrei Al;ten'stiicke' B4Q'
store ltouses (sec ribovc, p' 25o,
3 Sce tllovc, P.2l-)2, l10to

"l'o.l'l"rs thrit rvill.appeal i";:l:"-:ll]:tl,:J::]:ffi Several l,imes in thi';;;:..;ti 'lso in othe's

ns

it

rosbod on

thc

of l'hc pricstly bcarc.s?

2Tltisindic*testlratat le,Lsisonrcoftl,e,,t1rcs,,;rr^v'b;'Arn.'cnlui*rrcrcissuslfr.t.t6ost;rl'c I'ith noto 7)'

1O'

: ):; :\?;:;i: 'i;i,'rl,i,i;

1917,

de ctia,

i;';

N^ur,,r,o, ittic'iptiott

\, comptcs rctrdvs_... cte t; ttctdrntic historique rlc l'inodjant -/11' l'l:rtc'

des

hut*iTttions et Bettcs'Lettrcs

OII,ACLIIS

IN NCIENT

EUYPT

.*itn ,,,.": noofl\vlnt( a ntilgls[ril[c:

I

of a llriest.rvlro wits- Iro t.loubt supposc,l L,r bu posscssurl by lris go,l':Ln,l so acturrllJ'ilnlrcr.-i''-;:I . '-,,thrt onc tlay as lJatslrupsut wrrs sonatcd hirn. In this conn-ellin-lt rvill bq riinerrrbi'r'b,1 ---*--:1. (Lt itnmili siil;pl;cfttioil the sta'way (leading r-rp to thc enthloncrl iruuge) ry' tlLe lctrd, of gotls, tt corrtntutul wtts lrctn'd, (issuing) fi'ont, tlLe greut ploce, un oraole oJ'the god luinself, -r\ striking fcature of this systenr of tdrnjnisterilg justicc by lppurr.ls to rr divinity, is the firct tha thc ;rccttsctl porson sceurs to have hrll rro hcsitirtion rvhatuvor in fltlly contratlicting t;he gorl rvho hatl ricclarcd hirn guilty ! s iv }tvc scun, Pcthrruburrlilrnul had to be taken beforc thrcc different cullus-statucs:rntl Lutl in all fivo irrtcrviervs rvibh this oi thitt rnun, ete ht'w,,trlrl c,rnfess hirrrs, lf it tlLiuf. 'l'lris thr',,rvs lrr irrLclusLing liglrt orr the tltl9g-gf -:tlfl..f i.1-I{y-U!iln. turvirtrls a tlivirtitl,; lrc,alLlrrLrrurtly lhorrglrr. ri',rr.-h" r,right thc.sarrru.,l!:g::, i]].1ltr iiLlcrrrl)L to hourlrvirrk a g,,d as in iln irt{rU,t to
_ -_-..:-, Exccllent pnrallels are to hlttd

,,

irt tnodern Egypt, so rny sister, \Iiss \\'. S. 1)lucl<nrto, irrforlrs t1c, a *servattt of r shOkh" becomiug, orr occilsiolrl, lx*sesscrl by tlrc sh0l<h, arrci belnvirrg aud spcukiug
3ccgl3jlrgrJ,.

2 UtL.. rv.

3.12.