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Example 2 Determine Whether Lines are Perpendicular 2 3 Determine whether y = - x +1 and y = x 2 are perpendicular. 3 2
Find the slope of each line. The slope of y = -
2 2 x +1 is - . 3 3 3 3 The slope of y = x 2 is . 2 2
2 3 6 ( )= or 1. 3 2 6
6 y 9x + 3 = 6 6 1 3 y = x2 2
Step 2:
3 . So, the slope of the line perpendicular to this line is the 2 3 2 opposite reciprocal of , or - . 2 3
Step 3:
Use the point-slope form t find the equation. Point-slope form y - y 1 = m(x - x 1 ) y-4 =y-4 y-4 y4+4 y
2 (x (-3)) 3 2 = - (x + 3) 3 2 = - x + (-2) 3 2 = - x + (-2) + 4 3 2 =- x+2 3
1 3
Check:
You can check your result by graphing both equations on a graphing calculator. Use the CALC 2 menu to verify that y = - x + 2 passes through (-3, 4). 3
5 x 5 6
5 , therefore, a 6
6 5 6 because - = -1. 5 6 5
5 x 5 6 5 y = (0) 5 6
y = -5 Simplify. The y-intercept is at (0, -5). Step 3: Substitute the slope and the given point into the slope-intercept form of an equation since you have both the slope and y-intercept. y = mx + b Slope-intercept form y= y=-
6 x +(-5) 5
m=-
6 and b = -5 5
6 x5 5
Simplify.
6 x 5. 5