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a) Vertebrates
Animals in this group have backbones.
b) Invertebrates
Animals in this group do not have backbones.
• The number of invertebrates is much more than the number of
vertebrates. It is estimated that there are 1 200 000 types of
invertebrates but there are only about 47 000 types of
vertebrates.
• The classification of animals is shown in the diagram.
animals
Vertebrates Invertebrates
Mammals do
not have
Fish backbones
Reptiles use external
Birds skeletal system
Amphibians which comprises
Backbones of hard outer
shell
Use internal skeletal or special body
system to support fluids to support
their body their bodies
INVERTEBRATES
Info>>
Jointed legs: 3, 4 or more than 4 of jointed legs.
No jointed legs: Worm-like invertebrates and non-worm-like invertebrates.
CONSUME RESPIRATION
FOOD
REPRODUCTION
MOVEMENT
RESPONSE
GROWT
H EXCRETION
PROCE
Flowering
Monocotyledons Dicotyledons
Non-flowering
FLOWERING PLANTS
1. Flowering plants produce flowers, which are their reproductive organs.
2. The fertilization of the ovules in a flower produces seeds and the ovary becomes a
fruit.
3. The seed contains carbohydrates that supply energy during germination.
4. The seeds may have 1 or 2 seed leaves which are called cotyledons. Therefore, plants
are grouped based on the number of cotyledons in the seed.
5. Monocotyledonous plants produce seeds with 1 cotyledon.
6. Dicotyledonous plants produce seeds with 2 cotyledons.
Non-flowering
Non-flowering
do not produce
flower.
Some of them
Non-flowering Mosses
produce spores in
plants are Ferns
order to reproduce
divided into 4 Conifers
groups. Algae
The existence of a large number of different kinds of animals and plants in their natural
habitat is known as biodiversity or biological diversity.
People in the order parts of the world depend on wheat and potato as their staple food.
The existence of these flora and fauna makes Malaysian one of the most beautiful
countries in the world.
Task1
Page
• Definition
• Classification
a) Organisms
b) Plants
• Characteristic
a) Organisms
b) Plants
• Examples
a) Organism
b) Plants
• Importance of diversity
• References
Task2 {exercise}
• Classify
• Classes of vertebrates
• Differences between sugarcane and durian
• Endangered species
• Why a whale not a fish
Task3
• 5 objective questions
Task2
Classify the following animals according to their class.
Hornbills:
Squirrels:
Newt:
Platypus:
Dolphin salamander:
Porcupine:
Pangolin:
Penguin:
Snake:
a) Lay eggs:
b) Have constant body temperature:
c) External fertilizer:
d) Breathe through gills:
e) Body covered with hard and dry scales:
f) Give birth to live young:
Task3
1. A place where organisms live naturally is called a
a) Home
b) Habitat
c) Mansion
d) Palace
5. Which of the following accountants for more than 90% of the world’s animal species?
a) Mammals
b) Invertebrates
c) Fish
d) Reptiles