6/15/2011

1
Freddie E. Bien, MSCE, M.ASEP
Structural Engineer
Asst. Professor, College of Engineering
ATENEO DE NAGA UNIVERSITY
LEARNING OBJ ECTIVES:
1. To Define engineering mechanics
2 To recall some important principles in Physics 2. To recall some important principles in Physics.
3. To state the Newtons Law of motion
4. To review conversion of units.
6/15/2011
2
The Flemish mathematician first
to demonstrate resolution of
forces, there by establishing the
foundation of modern statics
6/15/2011
3
Before we define engineering
mechanics , let us consider the
similarities and differences of
physics and engineering
PHYSICS
- Science that relates properties of matter and
energy, excluding biological and chemical effects
- It includes, mechanics, thermodynamics,
l t i it d ti d l h i electricity and magnetism and nuclear physics.
ENGINEERING
- Is the application of the mathematical and
physical sciences(physics, chemistry, and
biology) to the design and manufacture of items
that benefit humanity that benefit humanity.
ENGINEERING DESIGN
- The process of devising a system, component
or process to meet desired needs. (according to
Acceditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET))
6/15/2011
4
MECHANICS
- A branch of physics that consider the action of
forces on bodies or fluids that are at rest (statics)
or in motion (dynamics)
WHAT IS ENGINEEERING MECHANICS?
- A branch of engineering that applies the
principles of mechanics to mechanical design
which take into account the effect of forces.
Engineering Approach to Problem Solving
1. Draw an appropriate figure on which all dimensions
are shown.
2. Write down what is given and the quantities to be
found.
3. Write down all formulas.
4. Make sure that your solution is arrange which can be
followed by your self and another person.
5. Study the sample problems the will aid the students
in making adequate arrangements.
6 It ld b h l f l t l lit l titi t 6. It would be helpful to employ literal quantities to
denote numerical values.
7. In completing the problems, it is necessary to to
finally replace these literal.
8. Used of calculators
6/15/2011
5
[R.C. Hibbeler]
[R.C. Hibbeler]
6/15/2011
6
Problem Analysis is divided into the four
parts
1 GIVEN 1. GIVEN
2. REQUIRED
3. SOLUTION
4. VALIDATE
Does my answer make sense?
Is your answer reasonable?
NEWTONS LAW OF MOTION
1. If a particle is at rest(or moving with constant
velocity in a straight line), it will remain at rest
(or continue to move with constant velocity in a
straight line) unless acted upon by a force.
2. A particle acted upon by a force will accelerate
in a direction of the force. The magnitude of
the acceleration is proportional to the mass of
the particle. F = ma
3 For every action there is an equal and 3. For every action, there is an equal and
opposite reaction; that is the forces of
interaction between two particles are equal in
magnitude and oppositely directed along the
same line of action
6/15/2011
7
6/15/2011
8
From 2
nd
Newtons Law of Motion
F = m a
F =Force, N
m =mass in kg
a =acceleration, m/s
2
1 N =1 kg.m/s
2
For gravitational system [FLT]
L
FT
m
2
=
L
2
T
mL
F =
6/15/2011
9
Weight, W = mg
SI: g = 9.81 m/s
2
mass mKg mass, m Kg
U.S Customary Units:
g = 32.2 ft/s
2
mass, m slug
Weight, W = mg
, g
6/15/2011
10
[R.C. Hibbeler]
[ R.C. Hibbeler]
Problem 1
Problem2 Problem 2
Convert the quantities 350 lb.s to N.s and KN.s
Convert the quantities 50 slug/ft
3
to kg/m
3
to g/m
3
to Mg/m
3
6/15/2011
11
Problem set #1
Problem 1.1 to 1.5, 1.8 page 9 of textbook
LEARNING OBJ ECTIVES:
1. To review metric conversion of units.
2 To discuss lawof gravitation 2. To discuss law of gravitation
6/15/2011
12
6/15/2011
13
6/15/2011
14
Law of Gravitation
States that the two particles are attracted to
each other by a forces of magnitude F that act
along the line connecting the particle where
2
R
m m
G F
B A
=
Where:
G=6.67x10
-11
m
3
/(kg.s
2
)
m
A
=mass of earth, Me kg
m
B
=mass of body, m kg
R =mean radius of earth, R
e
m ,
e
F =weight of the body, N
Comparing
2
e
e
R
m M
G W =
and W =mg
It follows that
2
e
e
R
M
G g =
Problem 3 [1.6/9]
In a certain application, the acceleration a and the
position coordinate x of a particle are related by
W
gkx
a =
Where g is the gravitational acceleration, k is constant
and W is the weight of the particle. Show that this
equation is dimensionally consistent if the dimension of
k is [MT
-2
]
W
gkx 1

=
2
] [
T
L
g
[ ]
2
] [

MT k

= =
W
x k g
W
gkx
a
1
] ][ ][ [
[ ]
2
] [

= MT k
[ ] L x = ] [
[ ]
2
= = MLT mg W
Where:
6/15/2011
15
Problem 4 [1.15/10]
Two 10 kg spheres are placed 500mm apart. Express
the gravitational attraction acting on one of the spheres
as a percentage of its weight on earth.
m m
B A
Given:
m
A
=10 kg G =6.67x10
-11
m
3
/(kg.s
2
)
m
B
=10 kg
R =0.5 m
2
R
m m
G F
B A
=
W =mg
Percentage of weight =(F/W)x100%
Problem 5 [1.20/10]
Find the elevation h (km) where the weight of the object is
one tenth its weight on the surface of the earth. Use mass
of earth, M
e
=5.9742x10
24
kg, radius of earth,
e
R
e
=6378km, G =6.67x10
-11
m
3
/(kg.s
2
)
On earth:
2
e
e
e
R
m GM
W =
At elevation h:
( )
2
h R
m GM
W
e
e
+
=
10
E
W
W =
6/15/2011
16
Problem set #2:
Problem 1.13, 1.18 and 1.21 page 10 of textbook
REFERENCES :
Pytel, A. and Kiusalaas, J., Understanding Engineering
Mechanics: Statics Published: Philippines: Cengage Learning Asia
Pte. Ltd, c2010
Hibbeler, R. C. Engineering Mechanics: Combined Statics and
dynamics. Published: Singapore: Pearson, c2010