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28. HEAVY WALL DP & DRILL COLLARS 28.1 HEAVY WALL DRILL PIPE - Functions Part of the Drilling String, Heavy Drill pipe has aunit weight in between Drill Pipe and Drill Collars.They are run between Drill Collars and Drill Pipes to: 1. Create a gradual reduction of BHA rigiditybetween the two. 2. Reduce fatigue stress on the DP just above theDCs. 3. Reduce wall friction in vertical deep wells withhigh RPM. HW DP dimensions are standardized by API 7Specifications.The relevant ISO standard is the 10407 Spec. ENI requirements are defined by internal specification.

- HW Saves Rig Time by ReducingTrip Time HWs stand back in the rack likeregular Drill Pipe

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- Reducing wall friction In Deviated Well Reducing wall friction in deviated wells, heavy wall DP gives better direction control in deviatedwells.

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- Dimensions ENI requires that all HWDP connections must have appropriate bore back boxes features. External Tool Joint diameter = same as regular Drill Pipe; Tool Joint length > regular Drill Pipe; Body thickness > regular Drill Pipe;

- Heavy Wall Drill Pipe by SMF

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28.2 DRILL COLLARS Drill collars are the components of the drill string that provide the weight on bit when drilling.They are thick-walled, hollow tubulars machined from solid bars of steel (usually plain carbon) ornon-magnetic nickel-copper alloy or other nonmagnetic premium alloys.The outside diameter may be machined with helical grooves (spiral) to reduce the potential contactsurface for differential sticking prevention.ENI requirements are defined by internal specification. Drill Collars dimensions are standardized by API 7 Specifications.The ISO 10407 Spec. is actually a draft. - DRILL COLLAR TYPES - Smooth - Spiral "Eni Best Practices" policy requiresto use only "Spiral Drill Collars"instead of the "Smooth" type".

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- DRILL COLLAR CHARACTERISTICS Sizes and Dimensions (API 7) D.C. Connection Dimensions Mechanical characteristics - Sizes and Dimensions (API 7) Drill Collars are furnished in the sizes and dimensions shown in table .

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- D.C. Connection Dimensions All drill collars connections must have stress relieve/bore back features in conformance with API 7.

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- Mechanical characteristics

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- BENDING STRENGTH RATIO CALCULATION - Calculation

- Optimal Bending Strength Ratio Bending ratio is calculatedknowing the type of thread andmeasuring, at a specific pointshown in the picture, the ID andOD.For every table of determined ID,with OD we can cross the threadline and see the strength ratio onthe horizontal axis.

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- DRILL COLLAR THREADS FEATURES - Treatments

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- Features - Boreback box and pin stress features. Force loading on box and pin connections for reducingstress concentrations.- Low torque features. Reduction of contact surface in order to reduce the make up torque on 8.5/8regular connections

- Low torque features. Reduction of contact surface in order to reduce the make up torque on 8.5/8 regular connections.

28.3 DRILL STEM SUBS - Cross-over examples

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- Schematic drawings

- Float Valve Recess in Bit Subs

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Table 12 Float Valve Recess in Bit Subs Dia me te r ofVa lve Asse mb ly D 3 1/8 3 5/32 3 21/32 3 7/8 4 25/32 5 11/16 28.4 LIFT SUBS - Lift Subs (Type D) Dia me te r of Floa tR e ce ss R +/ 1/64 0(D +/1/32) 3 5/32 3 1/2 3 11/16 3 29/32 4 13/16 5 23/32 Le ngth of Va lve Asse mb ly L 10 8 5/16 12 9 3/4 11 3/4 14 5/8 AP I R e g. Bit Box Size A +/1/16 Athe r P op ula r Conne ctions Size NC38 A +/- 1/16 14 1/4 13 1/16 16 3/4 14 1/2 17 17 17 1/2 19 7/8

4 12 13/16 NC44 1/2 NC46 NC50 5 1/2 IF 5 1/2 FH NC61 6 5/8 IF 5 14 3/4 1/2 6 17 5/8 7 17 1/4 5/8 8 17 3/8 5/8 8 20 1/4 5/8

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28.5 INSPECTIONS Hewi wate, Drill collars, Short Drill Collars, Stem Sibs shall be inspected according to API RP 7Gand API RP 5A5. The relevant ISO standard is the 10407 Spec.ENI requirements are defined by internal specification.DS1 and NS2 are new standardizations issued by independent body. - DC Inspections from API RP7G API RECOMMENED PRATICE 7G 13.4 DRILL COLLAR INSOECTION PROCEDURE The following inspection procedure for used drill collars is recommended: a. Visually inspect full length to determine obvious damage and overall condition. b. Measure OD and ID of both ends.

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